Preparation of the temporal bone for light microscopy is an important step in histological studies of the inner ear. Due to the complexity of structures of the inner ear, it is difficult to measure or compare structur...Preparation of the temporal bone for light microscopy is an important step in histological studies of the inner ear. Due to the complexity of structures of the inner ear, it is difficult to measure or compare structures of interest without a commonly accepted standardized measure of temporal bone sections. Therefore, standardization of temporal bone sections is very important for histological assessment of sensory hair cells and peripheral ganglion neurons in the cochlear and vestibular systems. The standardized temporal bone sectioning is oriented to a plane parallel to the outer and internal auditory canals. Sections are collected from the epitympanum to the hypotympanum to reveal layers in the order of the crista ampullaris of the superior and lateral semicircular canals, macula utriculi and macula sacculi, superior vestibular ganglion neurons, macula of saccule and inferior vestibular ganglion neurons, cochlear modiolus, endolymphatic duct and endolymphatic sac, and finally the crista ampullaris of the posterior semicircular canal. Moreover, technical details of preparing for temporal bone sectioning including fixation, decalcification, whole temporal bone staining, embedding penetration, and embedding orientation are also discussed.展开更多
Introduction: Radiotherapy is often used to treat head and neck malignancies, with inevitable effects on the surrounding healthy tissues. We have reviewed the literature concerning the experimental irradiation of faci...Introduction: Radiotherapy is often used to treat head and neck malignancies, with inevitable effects on the surrounding healthy tissues. We have reviewed the literature concerning the experimental irradiation of facial bones in animals. Materials and Methods: A PubMed search was performed to retrieve animal experiments on the irradiation of facial bones that were published between January 1992 and January 2012. The search terms were “irradiation facial bone” and “irradiation osteoradionecrosis”. Results: Thirty-six publications were included. The irradiation sources were Cobalt60, orthovoltage, 4 - 6 megavolt photons, and brachytherapy. The total dose varied between 8 - 60 Gy in single or multiple fractions. The literature presents a broad range of animal studies that differ in terms of the in vivo model, irradiation, observation period, and evaluation of results. Discussion: The different animal models used leave many questions unanswered. A detailed and standardized description of the methodology and results would facilitate the comparability of future studies.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effect of hyperbarci oxygen(HBO) on recovery of nerves injury in rats suffered from acute organophosphorus poisoning. Method We established organophosphorus poisoning models and observed e...Objective To investigate the effect of hyperbarci oxygen(HBO) on recovery of nerves injury in rats suffered from acute organophosphorus poisoning. Method We established organophosphorus poisoning models and observed effect of HBO on recovery of injure nerves. Results Compared with control group, cerebrospinal fluid induced peak potential and incubation period in HBO group were significantly recovered(P<0.05).HBO could accelerated repair of injured nerves. Conclusion HBO could relieve injury of nerves during treatment of organophosphorus poisoning.展开更多
Pathological scarring,manifested in the form of hypertrophic scars(HTS)and keloid scars(KS),represents a major clinical challenge due to its aesthetic and functional implications for patients.Understanding the molecul...Pathological scarring,manifested in the form of hypertrophic scars(HTS)and keloid scars(KS),represents a major clinical challenge due to its aesthetic and functional implications for patients.Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in these types of scars and developing effective treatments requires the use of controlled ex-perimental models,especially animals,to overcome the limitations of clinical studies.The aim of this sistematic review is to critically analyze the animal models used in the last five years(2020-2025)for the study of pathological scars,highlighting their advantages,limitations and applicability in the development of new therapeutic strat-egies.Murine,rabbit and porcine models,as well as alternative models,offer varied perspectives on the formation and treatment of HTS and KS,with an emphasis on histological and molecular correlations with human pathology.By synthesizing recent data,the paper highlights the essential role of preclinical research in optimizing an-tifibrotic treatments and in advancing the translation of data into the clinical sphere.Overall,animal models remain essential for bridging mechanistic insights with clinical translation,supporting the development of more effective and personalized anti-scar therapies.展开更多
Recovered samples of Jilin H5 chondrite experimentally shocked to 12-133 GPa were studied to explore the behavior of opaque minerals under shock loading using SEM-EDS,Raman spectroscopy,and TIMA.The following results ...Recovered samples of Jilin H5 chondrite experimentally shocked to 12-133 GPa were studied to explore the behavior of opaque minerals under shock loading using SEM-EDS,Raman spectroscopy,and TIMA.The following results were obtained.Firstly,at pressures lower than 53GPa,the opaque minerals still keep the unmelted state,while at 78 GPa and higher,FeNi metal and troilite form eutectic intergrowths occurring as disorderly fine veinlets filling the shock-induced fractures in silicate minerals.Secondly,single kamacite grains still maintain their contour at 12 GPa,but a part of brittle troilite grains was fragmented and squeezed into the shock-induced fractures within kamacite grains.At53 and 133 GPa,many more troilite fragments are poured in the kamacite interior to form disordered hybrid aggregates or to form squiggly strips,respectively.Similar phenomena are observed within single troilite grains,but the mineral squeezed into troilite grains is kamacite.Thirdly,chromite is a hard and refractory oxide mineral.When the shock pressure rises step by step from 12 to 133 GPa,the shock effect of chromite is only fragmentation.Its grain size decreases from tens of um at 53 GPa to a few um at 133 GPa.And,fourthly,native copper exhibits distinct redistribution behavior at high temperature.In Jilin samples shock-loaded to 12 GPa,copper initially located at troilite-kamacite interfaces partially transferred into small troilite grains containing fine FeNi particles.At 53 and 133 GPa,native copper preferentially transferred into larger troilite grains containing more particles of eutectic FeNi metal.展开更多
To meet the need for cultivating application-oriented talents in local universities,this study introduced a project-based learning approach into the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching.The course was struct...To meet the need for cultivating application-oriented talents in local universities,this study introduced a project-based learning approach into the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching.The course was structured around a project titled"Influenza Virus Analysis",comprising four progressive modules:database utilization and information retrieval,sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis,functional and structural prediction,and omics data analysis.These modules were integrated into a coherent research workflow that connected fragmented knowledge and technical skills.During implementation,flipped classroom and group collaboration methods were employed,alongside the establishment of a diversified assessment system emphasizing process evaluation.Teaching practice indicates that the reform effectively enhances students professional application skills,learning experience,and scientific literacy,facilitating a shift from"tool operation"to"problem-solving"capabilities.This study provides a reference model for the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching in local universities.展开更多
Rock-ice avalanches in cold high-mountain regions pose severe hazards due to their high mobility,yet the quantitative controls of particle-size ratio and ice content remain insufficiently constrained.This study invest...Rock-ice avalanches in cold high-mountain regions pose severe hazards due to their high mobility,yet the quantitative controls of particle-size ratio and ice content remain insufficiently constrained.This study investigates their coupled effects using inclinedflume experiments and Discrete Element Method(DEM)simulations,covering three gravel sizes(2-5 mm,5-7 mm,7-10 mm)and four ice-content levels(0%,20%,40%,60%).Run-out distance,velocity,energy components,flow regime(Savage number),and segregation indexαwere quantified.Increasing ice content significantly enhances mobility,but with diminishing marginal effectiveness.From 0%to 40%ice content,run-out distance increases by 41%-86%,whereas the additional increase from 40%to 60%contributes only 12%-23%.Particle-size ratio strongly governs segregation intensity.Fine-gravel groups reach segregation indices ofα=0.92-0.98,indicating nearly complete upward migration of ice,whereas medium-gravel and coarse-gravel groups exhibit much weaker segregation,stabilizing atα=0.68-0.74 and 0.60-0.69.Savage number analyses reveal marked flow-regime transitions.At 0%ice content,Savage numbers reach 1.0-1.5,indicating a collisional regime.Increasing ice content suppresses collisionality,with Savage numbers decreasing to 0.03-0.07 at 60%ice content,consistent with dense-regime flow.DEM energy analyses confirm this regime shift:for finegravel mixtures,collision energy decreases by 14%,while sliding-friction energy increases by 33%as ice content increases from 0%to 60%,reflecting enhanced overburden effects imposed by upward-segregated ice layers.Medium and coarse mixtures exhibit weaker or opposite energy-shift patterns,demonstrating strong size dependence.Mechanistically,large particle-size contrasts promote strong segregation and form dense basal rock layers that increase basal friction and reduce mobility.When particle sizes are similar or ice content is high,segregation remains limited,allowing ice to mix into the basal layer,thereby reducing basal friction and enhancing mobility.This research quantitatively demonstrates how composition controls particle spatial distribution,flow regime,and energy dissipation,offering new mechanistic insights into the propagation and deposition behaviors of rock-ice avalanches and improving hazard assessment in vulnerable high-mountain regions.展开更多
To improve the accuracy of rockburst risk evaluation in mining and tunnelling engineering,the influence of intermediate principal stress σ_(2) deserves further consideration,which has been neglected in general predic...To improve the accuracy of rockburst risk evaluation in mining and tunnelling engineering,the influence of intermediate principal stress σ_(2) deserves further consideration,which has been neglected in general prediction frameworks.This study employs an integrated approach that combines true-triaxial unloading experiments with three-dimensional grain-based discrete element modeling(PFC3D-GBM)to examine the effects of σ_(2) on strain systematically burst and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.Through this dual experimental–numerical methodology,the strainburst characteristics under varying σ_(2) are analyzed in detail regarding mechanical responses,failure evolution and patterns,microscope fracture mechanisms,and energy partitioning.The results indicate that elevated σ_(2) can enhance the bearing capacity of rock,thereby necessitating a higher stress condition required for strainburst.However,it also enlarges the potential strainburst intensity,manifesting as deeper rockburst pits and more violent ejection of rock fragments.An increasing σ_(2) facilitates the microscope transgranular fractures,inhibits intergranular tensile fractures,and raises the kinetic energy conversion ratio slightly.It affects the intensity of strainburst through the following mechanisms,including the increase of energy storage limit,the intensification of Poisson effect for lateral expansion,and the enhancement of the transgranular fracturing mechanism.In practical engineering,the depth and range of support needs to be ensured under high σ_(2) conditions,and it is recommended to use prestressing techniques to control the development of significant slabbing.展开更多
4-Bromo-3-methylphenol(BMP)is an important chemical intermediate with wide applications in the fields of medicine and pesticides.The synthesis of BMP from m-cresol via bromination is easy to carry out on an industrial...4-Bromo-3-methylphenol(BMP)is an important chemical intermediate with wide applications in the fields of medicine and pesticides.The synthesis of BMP from m-cresol via bromination is easy to carry out on an industrial scale.However,due to the formation of regioisomeric impurities during bromination and the low melting point of BMP,the separation process is prone to the formation of oily substances,resulting in low yield and purity.In this work,a new cocrystallization engineering approach was proposed to separate and purify BMP.Through design of experiments,the cocrystallization process of BMP and triethylenediamine(DABCO)was optimized using a minimum-run resolution IV screening design combined with response surface methodology.In addition,the obtained 2BMP-DABCO powder was characterized by thermal analysis,powder X-ray diffraction,infrared spectroscopy,and scanning electron microscopy.Single crystals of 2BMP-DABCO were grown from acetone by slow evaporation,and detailed structural information was obtained through single-crystal X-ray diffraction.The self-assembly mechanism was further clarified by density functional theory calculations.This study provides a simple,robust,and scalable method for the production of BMP and offers a reference for the separation and purification of phenolic substances.展开更多
Chinese physicists are sealing the UN International Year of Quantum Science and Technology(IYQ)with an experiment to help close the classic debate between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr on quantum uncertainty.To rebut...Chinese physicists are sealing the UN International Year of Quantum Science and Technology(IYQ)with an experiment to help close the classic debate between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr on quantum uncertainty.To rebut Bohr,Einstein designed a Gedankenexperiment(thought experiment in German),a revised double-slit interference experiment.His design,however,is so challenging to realize that it remained a thought experiment for a long time.Now Profs.CHEN Mingcheng,LU Chaoyang,PAN Jianwei from the University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)and their colleagues built an innovative setup to directly replicate Einstein’s idea-demonstrating that he was wrong.展开更多
In this work,the selected icebreaker model experiment is performed in a towing tank.We focus on the influence of seawater salinity on ship ice resistance in the ice floe field and the innovative ice model and ship mod...In this work,the selected icebreaker model experiment is performed in a towing tank.We focus on the influence of seawater salinity on ship ice resistance in the ice floe field and the innovative ice model and ship model test technology,including the similitude rule of ship model tests,test principles,and validation with full-scale ship data.A formula for calculating the relationship between the temperature and salinity of the water is constructed,which can be used to simulate the role of seawater in freshwater ice pools.On this basis,the effect of salinity on the resistance of ships sailing in broken ice fields is studied.A technique in which artificial ice made of polyethylene spheres is used to simulate ice resistance is proposed.With a series of ship model experiments in spherical and triangular ice fields,the effects of salinity and velocity on the ice resistance test of the ship model are analyzed.A relationship of the ice resistance of the ship model to the spherical ice field and the triangular ice field is proposed.The conversion results are consistent with onsite data of the full-size ship,which verifies the method of converting the test results of the ship model to the prototype.展开更多
COMPUTATIONAL experiments method is an essential tool for analyzing,designing,managing,and integrating complex systems.However,a significant challenge arises in constructing agents with human-like characteristics to f...COMPUTATIONAL experiments method is an essential tool for analyzing,designing,managing,and integrating complex systems.However,a significant challenge arises in constructing agents with human-like characteristics to form an AI society.Agent modeling typically encompasses four levels:1)The autonomy features of agents,e.g.,perception,behavior,and decision-making;2)The evolutionary features of agents,e.g.,bounded rationality,heterogeneity,and learning evolution;3)The social features of agents,e.g.,interaction,cooperation,and competition;4)The emergent features of agents,e.g.,gaming with environments or regulatory strategies.Traditional modeling techniques primarily derive from ABMs(Agent-based Models)and incorporate various emerging technologies(e.g.,machine learning,big data,and social networks),which can enhance modeling capabilities,while amplifying the complexity[1].展开更多
High-pressure and high-temperature(HPHT)experiments in large-volume presses(LVPs)benefit from reliable,available,and affordable heaters to achieve stable and homogeneous heating and,in some circumstances,X-ray transpa...High-pressure and high-temperature(HPHT)experiments in large-volume presses(LVPs)benefit from reliable,available,and affordable heaters to achieve stable and homogeneous heating and,in some circumstances,X-ray transparency for monitoring of properties of an in situ experiment using X-ray diffraction and contrast imaging techniques.We have developed heaters meeting the above requirements,and we screen the ternary system TiB2–SiC–hexagonal(h)BN(denoted as TSB)to enable manufacture of X-ray transparent heaters for HPHT runs.Heaters fabricated using optimized TSB-631(60%TiB2–30%SiC–10%hBN by weight)have been tested in modified truncated assemblies,showing excellent performance up to 22 GPa and 2395 K in HPHT runs.TSB-631 has good ceramic machinability,outstanding reproducibility,high stability,and negligible temperature gradient for runs at 3–7 GPa with cell assemblies with truncated edge lengths of 8–12 mm.The fabricated heaters not only show excellent performance in HPHT runs,but also demonstrate high X-ray transparency over a wide X-ray wavelength region,indicating potential applications for in situ X-ray diffraction/imaging under HPHT conditions in LVPs and other high-pressure apparatus.展开更多
The application of computer in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment is a chemistry experiment teaching applications software, developed by Visual Basic （6.0）, based on the content of quantitative analysis ...The application of computer in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment is a chemistry experiment teaching applications software, developed by Visual Basic （6.0）, based on the content of quantitative analysis chemistry experiment of chemistry major in higher institute. This software has the function of the automatic processing the experimental data, the automatic generation of test report copies, and the automatic evaluation of students＇ experimental results, which solve the reliability, objectivity and accuracy problems of the students＇ experiment data processing and evaluation, and avoid interference with human factors. The software has the characteristic of the easy installation, the easy operation, the strong practicability, pertinence, the systematicness and the running stability, so it provides a platform in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment for the students＇ assessment system of automatic processing, and it has a high popularization value. The project＇s technical route design is reasonable, the research method is correct, and the experimental data processing results are reliable, which has reached the leading domestic level in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment teaching field of computer data processing. And this project has been through the achievements appraisal of Gansu Provincial Sci. ＆ Tech. Department.展开更多
The recent upsurge in metro construction emphasizes the necessity of understanding the mechanical performance of metro shield tunnel subjected to the influence of ground fissures.In this study,a largescale experiment,...The recent upsurge in metro construction emphasizes the necessity of understanding the mechanical performance of metro shield tunnel subjected to the influence of ground fissures.In this study,a largescale experiment,in combination with numerical simulation,was conducted to investigate the influence of ground fissures on a metro shield tunnel.The results indicate that the lining contact pressure at the vault increases in the hanging wall while decreases in the footwall,resulting in a two-dimensional stress state of vertical shear and axial tension-compression,and simultaneous vertical dislocation and axial tilt for the segments around the ground fissure.In addition,the damage to curved bolts includes tensile yield,flexural yield,and shear twist,leading to obvious concrete lining damage,particularly at the vault,arch bottom,and hance,indicating that the joints in these positions are weak areas.The shield tunnel orthogonal to the ground fissure ultimately experiences shear failure,suggesting that the maximum actual dislocation of ground fissure that the structure can withstand is approximately 20 cm,and five segment rings in the hanging wall and six segment rings in the footwall also need to be reinforced.This study could provide a reference for metro design in ground fissure sites.展开更多
《Animals and Zoonoses》是一本国际同行评审的、由爱思唯尔提供完全开放存取出版的专业性英文学术期刊(ISSN 2950-2489),由吉林大学主办,现为季刊,主编为我国著名的人兽共患病学专家中国工程院院士金宁一研究员。学报现已具备高起点...《Animals and Zoonoses》是一本国际同行评审的、由爱思唯尔提供完全开放存取出版的专业性英文学术期刊(ISSN 2950-2489),由吉林大学主办,现为季刊,主编为我国著名的人兽共患病学专家中国工程院院士金宁一研究员。学报现已具备高起点新刊的创办条件,将于2024年正式线上线下出版,国内外公开发行。目前学报已组建了包括6位院士在内的由100多位全球著名专家学者组成的高水平编委团队以及近200人的青年编委会,每期均约有一篇由相关领域院士撰写的高水平的学术论文,同时学报通过新媒体、国际著名出版集团爱思唯尔和专家学者等进行精准推广宣传和约稿,目标是利用5~8年的时间进入中科院SCI分区一区顶刊,逐步跨入世界一流学术期刊行列。展开更多
Objective:To screen and identify the key active molecules,signaling pathways,and therapeutic targets of Shuxuening(SXN)injection for treating liver cirrhosis(LC)and to evaluate its therapeutic potential using a mouse ...Objective:To screen and identify the key active molecules,signaling pathways,and therapeutic targets of Shuxuening(SXN)injection for treating liver cirrhosis(LC)and to evaluate its therapeutic potential using a mouse model.Methods:Target genes of SXN and LC were retrieved from public databases,and enrichment analysis was performed.A proteineprotein interaction(PPI)network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING),and hub genes were identified using Molecular Complex Detection(MCODE).LC was induced in rats and mice via intraperitoneal injections of diethylnitrosamine and carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)for 12 weeks.Starting at week 7,SXN was administered intraperitoneally to the mice in the treatment group.Serum and liver tissues of the mice were collected for the detection of indicators,pathological staining,and expression analysis of hub targets using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Results:We identified 368 overlapping genes(OLGs)between SXN and LC targets.These OLGs were subsequently used to build a PPI network and to screen for hub genes.Enrichment analysis showed that these genes were associated with cancer-related pathways,including phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and various cellular processes,such as responses to chemicals and metabolic regulation.In vivo experiments demonstrated that SXN treatment significantly improved liver function and pathology in CCl4-induced LC mice by reducing inflammation and collagen deposition.Furthermore,qRT-PCR demonstrated that SXN regulated the expression of MAPK8,AR and CASP3 in the livers of LC mice.Conclusion:This study highlighted the therapeutic effects of SXN in alleviating LC using both bioinformatics and experimental methods.The observed effect was associated with modulation of hub gene expression,particularly MAPK8,and CASP3.展开更多
《Animals and Zoonoses》是一本国际同行评审的、由爱思唯尔提供完全开放存取出版的专业性英文学术期刊(ISSN 2950-2489),由吉林大学主办,现为季刊,主编为我国著名的人兽共患病学专家中国工程院院士金宁一研究员。学报现已具备高起点...《Animals and Zoonoses》是一本国际同行评审的、由爱思唯尔提供完全开放存取出版的专业性英文学术期刊(ISSN 2950-2489),由吉林大学主办,现为季刊,主编为我国著名的人兽共患病学专家中国工程院院士金宁一研究员。学报现已具备高起点新刊的创办条件,将于2024年正式线上线下出版,国内外公开发行。目前学报已组建了包括6位院士在内的由100多位全球著名专家学者组成的高水平编委团队以及近200人的青年编委会,每期均约有一篇由相关领域院士撰写的高水平的学术论文,同时学报通过新媒体、国际著名出版集团爱思唯尔和专家学者等进行精准推广宣传和约稿,目标是利用5~8年的时间进入中科院SCI分区一区顶刊,逐步跨入世界一流学术期刊行列。展开更多
《Animals and Zoonoses》是一本国际同行评审的、由爱思唯尔提供完全开放存取出版的专业性英文学术期刊(ISSN 2950-2489),由吉林大学主办,现为季刊,主编为我国著名的人兽共患病学专家中国工程院院士金宁一研究员。学报现已具备高起点...《Animals and Zoonoses》是一本国际同行评审的、由爱思唯尔提供完全开放存取出版的专业性英文学术期刊(ISSN 2950-2489),由吉林大学主办,现为季刊,主编为我国著名的人兽共患病学专家中国工程院院士金宁一研究员。学报现已具备高起点新刊的创办条件,将于2024年正式线上线下出版,国内外公开发行。展开更多
《Animals and Zoonoses》是一本国际同行评审的、由爱思唯尔提供完全开放存取出版的专业性英文学术期刊(ISSN2950-2489),由吉林大学主办,现为季刊,主编为我国著名的人兽共患病学专家中国工程院院士金宁一研究员。学报现已具备高起点新...《Animals and Zoonoses》是一本国际同行评审的、由爱思唯尔提供完全开放存取出版的专业性英文学术期刊(ISSN2950-2489),由吉林大学主办,现为季刊,主编为我国著名的人兽共患病学专家中国工程院院士金宁一研究员。学报现已具备高起点新刊的创办条件,将于2024年正式线上线下出版,国内外公开发行。展开更多
文摘Preparation of the temporal bone for light microscopy is an important step in histological studies of the inner ear. Due to the complexity of structures of the inner ear, it is difficult to measure or compare structures of interest without a commonly accepted standardized measure of temporal bone sections. Therefore, standardization of temporal bone sections is very important for histological assessment of sensory hair cells and peripheral ganglion neurons in the cochlear and vestibular systems. The standardized temporal bone sectioning is oriented to a plane parallel to the outer and internal auditory canals. Sections are collected from the epitympanum to the hypotympanum to reveal layers in the order of the crista ampullaris of the superior and lateral semicircular canals, macula utriculi and macula sacculi, superior vestibular ganglion neurons, macula of saccule and inferior vestibular ganglion neurons, cochlear modiolus, endolymphatic duct and endolymphatic sac, and finally the crista ampullaris of the posterior semicircular canal. Moreover, technical details of preparing for temporal bone sectioning including fixation, decalcification, whole temporal bone staining, embedding penetration, and embedding orientation are also discussed.
文摘Introduction: Radiotherapy is often used to treat head and neck malignancies, with inevitable effects on the surrounding healthy tissues. We have reviewed the literature concerning the experimental irradiation of facial bones in animals. Materials and Methods: A PubMed search was performed to retrieve animal experiments on the irradiation of facial bones that were published between January 1992 and January 2012. The search terms were “irradiation facial bone” and “irradiation osteoradionecrosis”. Results: Thirty-six publications were included. The irradiation sources were Cobalt60, orthovoltage, 4 - 6 megavolt photons, and brachytherapy. The total dose varied between 8 - 60 Gy in single or multiple fractions. The literature presents a broad range of animal studies that differ in terms of the in vivo model, irradiation, observation period, and evaluation of results. Discussion: The different animal models used leave many questions unanswered. A detailed and standardized description of the methodology and results would facilitate the comparability of future studies.
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of hyperbarci oxygen(HBO) on recovery of nerves injury in rats suffered from acute organophosphorus poisoning. Method We established organophosphorus poisoning models and observed effect of HBO on recovery of injure nerves. Results Compared with control group, cerebrospinal fluid induced peak potential and incubation period in HBO group were significantly recovered(P<0.05).HBO could accelerated repair of injured nerves. Conclusion HBO could relieve injury of nerves during treatment of organophosphorus poisoning.
基金Ministry of Research,Innovation and Digitization,CCCDI-UEFISCDI,Grant/Award Number:PN-IV-P7-7.1-PED-2024-1578,within PNCDI Ⅳ.
文摘Pathological scarring,manifested in the form of hypertrophic scars(HTS)and keloid scars(KS),represents a major clinical challenge due to its aesthetic and functional implications for patients.Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in these types of scars and developing effective treatments requires the use of controlled ex-perimental models,especially animals,to overcome the limitations of clinical studies.The aim of this sistematic review is to critically analyze the animal models used in the last five years(2020-2025)for the study of pathological scars,highlighting their advantages,limitations and applicability in the development of new therapeutic strat-egies.Murine,rabbit and porcine models,as well as alternative models,offer varied perspectives on the formation and treatment of HTS and KS,with an emphasis on histological and molecular correlations with human pathology.By synthesizing recent data,the paper highlights the essential role of preclinical research in optimizing an-tifibrotic treatments and in advancing the translation of data into the clinical sphere.Overall,animal models remain essential for bridging mechanistic insights with clinical translation,supporting the development of more effective and personalized anti-scar therapies.
基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,2023B1212060048,Xiande Xie。
文摘Recovered samples of Jilin H5 chondrite experimentally shocked to 12-133 GPa were studied to explore the behavior of opaque minerals under shock loading using SEM-EDS,Raman spectroscopy,and TIMA.The following results were obtained.Firstly,at pressures lower than 53GPa,the opaque minerals still keep the unmelted state,while at 78 GPa and higher,FeNi metal and troilite form eutectic intergrowths occurring as disorderly fine veinlets filling the shock-induced fractures in silicate minerals.Secondly,single kamacite grains still maintain their contour at 12 GPa,but a part of brittle troilite grains was fragmented and squeezed into the shock-induced fractures within kamacite grains.At53 and 133 GPa,many more troilite fragments are poured in the kamacite interior to form disordered hybrid aggregates or to form squiggly strips,respectively.Similar phenomena are observed within single troilite grains,but the mineral squeezed into troilite grains is kamacite.Thirdly,chromite is a hard and refractory oxide mineral.When the shock pressure rises step by step from 12 to 133 GPa,the shock effect of chromite is only fragmentation.Its grain size decreases from tens of um at 53 GPa to a few um at 133 GPa.And,fourthly,native copper exhibits distinct redistribution behavior at high temperature.In Jilin samples shock-loaded to 12 GPa,copper initially located at troilite-kamacite interfaces partially transferred into small troilite grains containing fine FeNi particles.At 53 and 133 GPa,native copper preferentially transferred into larger troilite grains containing more particles of eutectic FeNi metal.
基金Supported by Undergraduate Higher Education Teaching Quality and Reform Projects of Guangdong Province(Yuejiao Gao Han[2024]No.9,Yuejiao Gao Han[2024]No.30)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515110973)+1 种基金Guangdong Provincial Young Innovative Talents Project of General Colleges and Universities(2023KQNCX089)Quality Engineering and Teaching Reform Projects of Zhaoqing University(zlgc202239,zlgc202207,zlgc2024005,zlgc2024038).
文摘To meet the need for cultivating application-oriented talents in local universities,this study introduced a project-based learning approach into the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching.The course was structured around a project titled"Influenza Virus Analysis",comprising four progressive modules:database utilization and information retrieval,sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis,functional and structural prediction,and omics data analysis.These modules were integrated into a coherent research workflow that connected fragmented knowledge and technical skills.During implementation,flipped classroom and group collaboration methods were employed,alongside the establishment of a diversified assessment system emphasizing process evaluation.Teaching practice indicates that the reform effectively enhances students professional application skills,learning experience,and scientific literacy,facilitating a shift from"tool operation"to"problem-solving"capabilities.This study provides a reference model for the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching in local universities.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No 42277127)。
文摘Rock-ice avalanches in cold high-mountain regions pose severe hazards due to their high mobility,yet the quantitative controls of particle-size ratio and ice content remain insufficiently constrained.This study investigates their coupled effects using inclinedflume experiments and Discrete Element Method(DEM)simulations,covering three gravel sizes(2-5 mm,5-7 mm,7-10 mm)and four ice-content levels(0%,20%,40%,60%).Run-out distance,velocity,energy components,flow regime(Savage number),and segregation indexαwere quantified.Increasing ice content significantly enhances mobility,but with diminishing marginal effectiveness.From 0%to 40%ice content,run-out distance increases by 41%-86%,whereas the additional increase from 40%to 60%contributes only 12%-23%.Particle-size ratio strongly governs segregation intensity.Fine-gravel groups reach segregation indices ofα=0.92-0.98,indicating nearly complete upward migration of ice,whereas medium-gravel and coarse-gravel groups exhibit much weaker segregation,stabilizing atα=0.68-0.74 and 0.60-0.69.Savage number analyses reveal marked flow-regime transitions.At 0%ice content,Savage numbers reach 1.0-1.5,indicating a collisional regime.Increasing ice content suppresses collisionality,with Savage numbers decreasing to 0.03-0.07 at 60%ice content,consistent with dense-regime flow.DEM energy analyses confirm this regime shift:for finegravel mixtures,collision energy decreases by 14%,while sliding-friction energy increases by 33%as ice content increases from 0%to 60%,reflecting enhanced overburden effects imposed by upward-segregated ice layers.Medium and coarse mixtures exhibit weaker or opposite energy-shift patterns,demonstrating strong size dependence.Mechanistically,large particle-size contrasts promote strong segregation and form dense basal rock layers that increase basal friction and reduce mobility.When particle sizes are similar or ice content is high,segregation remains limited,allowing ice to mix into the basal layer,thereby reducing basal friction and enhancing mobility.This research quantitatively demonstrates how composition controls particle spatial distribution,flow regime,and energy dissipation,offering new mechanistic insights into the propagation and deposition behaviors of rock-ice avalanches and improving hazard assessment in vulnerable high-mountain regions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42507210)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2025XJSB01)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering(No.SKLTEK202421)the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining(China University of Mining and Technology),Ministry of Education(No.KLDCRMMOE24KF11).
文摘To improve the accuracy of rockburst risk evaluation in mining and tunnelling engineering,the influence of intermediate principal stress σ_(2) deserves further consideration,which has been neglected in general prediction frameworks.This study employs an integrated approach that combines true-triaxial unloading experiments with three-dimensional grain-based discrete element modeling(PFC3D-GBM)to examine the effects of σ_(2) on strain systematically burst and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.Through this dual experimental–numerical methodology,the strainburst characteristics under varying σ_(2) are analyzed in detail regarding mechanical responses,failure evolution and patterns,microscope fracture mechanisms,and energy partitioning.The results indicate that elevated σ_(2) can enhance the bearing capacity of rock,thereby necessitating a higher stress condition required for strainburst.However,it also enlarges the potential strainburst intensity,manifesting as deeper rockburst pits and more violent ejection of rock fragments.An increasing σ_(2) facilitates the microscope transgranular fractures,inhibits intergranular tensile fractures,and raises the kinetic energy conversion ratio slightly.It affects the intensity of strainburst through the following mechanisms,including the increase of energy storage limit,the intensification of Poisson effect for lateral expansion,and the enhancement of the transgranular fracturing mechanism.In practical engineering,the depth and range of support needs to be ensured under high σ_(2) conditions,and it is recommended to use prestressing techniques to control the development of significant slabbing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22177011(R.Z.Qiao),21977012(R.Z.Qiao),and 21572018(C.Li))the National High-Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2023-NHLHCRF-YXHZ-ZRMS-02)the Joint Project of BRCBC(Biomedical Translational Engineering Research Center of BUCT-CJFH)(XK2020-06).
文摘4-Bromo-3-methylphenol(BMP)is an important chemical intermediate with wide applications in the fields of medicine and pesticides.The synthesis of BMP from m-cresol via bromination is easy to carry out on an industrial scale.However,due to the formation of regioisomeric impurities during bromination and the low melting point of BMP,the separation process is prone to the formation of oily substances,resulting in low yield and purity.In this work,a new cocrystallization engineering approach was proposed to separate and purify BMP.Through design of experiments,the cocrystallization process of BMP and triethylenediamine(DABCO)was optimized using a minimum-run resolution IV screening design combined with response surface methodology.In addition,the obtained 2BMP-DABCO powder was characterized by thermal analysis,powder X-ray diffraction,infrared spectroscopy,and scanning electron microscopy.Single crystals of 2BMP-DABCO were grown from acetone by slow evaporation,and detailed structural information was obtained through single-crystal X-ray diffraction.The self-assembly mechanism was further clarified by density functional theory calculations.This study provides a simple,robust,and scalable method for the production of BMP and offers a reference for the separation and purification of phenolic substances.
文摘Chinese physicists are sealing the UN International Year of Quantum Science and Technology(IYQ)with an experiment to help close the classic debate between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr on quantum uncertainty.To rebut Bohr,Einstein designed a Gedankenexperiment(thought experiment in German),a revised double-slit interference experiment.His design,however,is so challenging to realize that it remained a thought experiment for a long time.Now Profs.CHEN Mingcheng,LU Chaoyang,PAN Jianwei from the University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)and their colleagues built an innovative setup to directly replicate Einstein’s idea-demonstrating that he was wrong.
基金financially supported by Jiangsu Province University(High Tech Ship)Collaborative Innovation Center(Grant No.XTCXKY20230008).
文摘In this work,the selected icebreaker model experiment is performed in a towing tank.We focus on the influence of seawater salinity on ship ice resistance in the ice floe field and the innovative ice model and ship model test technology,including the similitude rule of ship model tests,test principles,and validation with full-scale ship data.A formula for calculating the relationship between the temperature and salinity of the water is constructed,which can be used to simulate the role of seawater in freshwater ice pools.On this basis,the effect of salinity on the resistance of ships sailing in broken ice fields is studied.A technique in which artificial ice made of polyethylene spheres is used to simulate ice resistance is proposed.With a series of ship model experiments in spherical and triangular ice fields,the effects of salinity and velocity on the ice resistance test of the ship model are analyzed.A relationship of the ice resistance of the ship model to the spherical ice field and the triangular ice field is proposed.The conversion results are consistent with onsite data of the full-size ship,which verifies the method of converting the test results of the ship model to the prototype.
基金supported in part by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0900800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62472306,62441221,62206116)+2 种基金Tianjin University’s 2024 Special Project on Disciplinary Development(XKJS-2024-5-9)Tianjin University Talent Innovation Reward Program for Literature&Science Graduate Student(C1-2022-010)Shanxi Province Social Science Foundation(2020F002).
文摘COMPUTATIONAL experiments method is an essential tool for analyzing,designing,managing,and integrating complex systems.However,a significant challenge arises in constructing agents with human-like characteristics to form an AI society.Agent modeling typically encompasses four levels:1)The autonomy features of agents,e.g.,perception,behavior,and decision-making;2)The evolutionary features of agents,e.g.,bounded rationality,heterogeneity,and learning evolution;3)The social features of agents,e.g.,interaction,cooperation,and competition;4)The emergent features of agents,e.g.,gaming with environments or regulatory strategies.Traditional modeling techniques primarily derive from ABMs(Agent-based Models)and incorporate various emerging technologies(e.g.,machine learning,big data,and social networks),which can enhance modeling capabilities,while amplifying the complexity[1].
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22090041 and 22401297)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2022B1515120014).
文摘High-pressure and high-temperature(HPHT)experiments in large-volume presses(LVPs)benefit from reliable,available,and affordable heaters to achieve stable and homogeneous heating and,in some circumstances,X-ray transparency for monitoring of properties of an in situ experiment using X-ray diffraction and contrast imaging techniques.We have developed heaters meeting the above requirements,and we screen the ternary system TiB2–SiC–hexagonal(h)BN(denoted as TSB)to enable manufacture of X-ray transparent heaters for HPHT runs.Heaters fabricated using optimized TSB-631(60%TiB2–30%SiC–10%hBN by weight)have been tested in modified truncated assemblies,showing excellent performance up to 22 GPa and 2395 K in HPHT runs.TSB-631 has good ceramic machinability,outstanding reproducibility,high stability,and negligible temperature gradient for runs at 3–7 GPa with cell assemblies with truncated edge lengths of 8–12 mm.The fabricated heaters not only show excellent performance in HPHT runs,but also demonstrate high X-ray transparency over a wide X-ray wavelength region,indicating potential applications for in situ X-ray diffraction/imaging under HPHT conditions in LVPs and other high-pressure apparatus.
文摘The application of computer in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment is a chemistry experiment teaching applications software, developed by Visual Basic （6.0）, based on the content of quantitative analysis chemistry experiment of chemistry major in higher institute. This software has the function of the automatic processing the experimental data, the automatic generation of test report copies, and the automatic evaluation of students＇ experimental results, which solve the reliability, objectivity and accuracy problems of the students＇ experiment data processing and evaluation, and avoid interference with human factors. The software has the characteristic of the easy installation, the easy operation, the strong practicability, pertinence, the systematicness and the running stability, so it provides a platform in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment for the students＇ assessment system of automatic processing, and it has a high popularization value. The project＇s technical route design is reasonable, the research method is correct, and the experimental data processing results are reliable, which has reached the leading domestic level in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment teaching field of computer data processing. And this project has been through the achievements appraisal of Gansu Provincial Sci. ＆ Tech. Department.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFC3008404)the Key Laboratory of Earth Fissures Geological Disaster,Ministry of Natural Resources,China(Grant Nos.EFGD20240609 and EFGD20240610).
文摘The recent upsurge in metro construction emphasizes the necessity of understanding the mechanical performance of metro shield tunnel subjected to the influence of ground fissures.In this study,a largescale experiment,in combination with numerical simulation,was conducted to investigate the influence of ground fissures on a metro shield tunnel.The results indicate that the lining contact pressure at the vault increases in the hanging wall while decreases in the footwall,resulting in a two-dimensional stress state of vertical shear and axial tension-compression,and simultaneous vertical dislocation and axial tilt for the segments around the ground fissure.In addition,the damage to curved bolts includes tensile yield,flexural yield,and shear twist,leading to obvious concrete lining damage,particularly at the vault,arch bottom,and hance,indicating that the joints in these positions are weak areas.The shield tunnel orthogonal to the ground fissure ultimately experiences shear failure,suggesting that the maximum actual dislocation of ground fissure that the structure can withstand is approximately 20 cm,and five segment rings in the hanging wall and six segment rings in the footwall also need to be reinforced.This study could provide a reference for metro design in ground fissure sites.
文摘《Animals and Zoonoses》是一本国际同行评审的、由爱思唯尔提供完全开放存取出版的专业性英文学术期刊(ISSN 2950-2489),由吉林大学主办,现为季刊,主编为我国著名的人兽共患病学专家中国工程院院士金宁一研究员。学报现已具备高起点新刊的创办条件,将于2024年正式线上线下出版,国内外公开发行。目前学报已组建了包括6位院士在内的由100多位全球著名专家学者组成的高水平编委团队以及近200人的青年编委会,每期均约有一篇由相关领域院士撰写的高水平的学术论文,同时学报通过新媒体、国际著名出版集团爱思唯尔和专家学者等进行精准推广宣传和约稿,目标是利用5~8年的时间进入中科院SCI分区一区顶刊,逐步跨入世界一流学术期刊行列。
基金Our study was funded by the Clinical Research Special Fund of Wu Jieping Medical Foundation(320.6750.2022-25-8)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Cornell University(2024-JYBXJSJJ042 and 2024-JYB-JBZD-058).
文摘Objective:To screen and identify the key active molecules,signaling pathways,and therapeutic targets of Shuxuening(SXN)injection for treating liver cirrhosis(LC)and to evaluate its therapeutic potential using a mouse model.Methods:Target genes of SXN and LC were retrieved from public databases,and enrichment analysis was performed.A proteineprotein interaction(PPI)network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING),and hub genes were identified using Molecular Complex Detection(MCODE).LC was induced in rats and mice via intraperitoneal injections of diethylnitrosamine and carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)for 12 weeks.Starting at week 7,SXN was administered intraperitoneally to the mice in the treatment group.Serum and liver tissues of the mice were collected for the detection of indicators,pathological staining,and expression analysis of hub targets using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Results:We identified 368 overlapping genes(OLGs)between SXN and LC targets.These OLGs were subsequently used to build a PPI network and to screen for hub genes.Enrichment analysis showed that these genes were associated with cancer-related pathways,including phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and various cellular processes,such as responses to chemicals and metabolic regulation.In vivo experiments demonstrated that SXN treatment significantly improved liver function and pathology in CCl4-induced LC mice by reducing inflammation and collagen deposition.Furthermore,qRT-PCR demonstrated that SXN regulated the expression of MAPK8,AR and CASP3 in the livers of LC mice.Conclusion:This study highlighted the therapeutic effects of SXN in alleviating LC using both bioinformatics and experimental methods.The observed effect was associated with modulation of hub gene expression,particularly MAPK8,and CASP3.
文摘《Animals and Zoonoses》是一本国际同行评审的、由爱思唯尔提供完全开放存取出版的专业性英文学术期刊(ISSN 2950-2489),由吉林大学主办,现为季刊,主编为我国著名的人兽共患病学专家中国工程院院士金宁一研究员。学报现已具备高起点新刊的创办条件,将于2024年正式线上线下出版,国内外公开发行。目前学报已组建了包括6位院士在内的由100多位全球著名专家学者组成的高水平编委团队以及近200人的青年编委会,每期均约有一篇由相关领域院士撰写的高水平的学术论文,同时学报通过新媒体、国际著名出版集团爱思唯尔和专家学者等进行精准推广宣传和约稿,目标是利用5~8年的时间进入中科院SCI分区一区顶刊,逐步跨入世界一流学术期刊行列。
文摘《Animals and Zoonoses》是一本国际同行评审的、由爱思唯尔提供完全开放存取出版的专业性英文学术期刊(ISSN 2950-2489),由吉林大学主办,现为季刊,主编为我国著名的人兽共患病学专家中国工程院院士金宁一研究员。学报现已具备高起点新刊的创办条件,将于2024年正式线上线下出版,国内外公开发行。
文摘《Animals and Zoonoses》是一本国际同行评审的、由爱思唯尔提供完全开放存取出版的专业性英文学术期刊(ISSN2950-2489),由吉林大学主办,现为季刊,主编为我国著名的人兽共患病学专家中国工程院院士金宁一研究员。学报现已具备高起点新刊的创办条件,将于2024年正式线上线下出版,国内外公开发行。
