Background:The study of autoinflammatory diseases has uncovered mechanisms underlying cytokine dysregulation and inflammation.Methods:We analyzed the DNA of an index patient with early-onset systemic inflammation,cuta...Background:The study of autoinflammatory diseases has uncovered mechanisms underlying cytokine dysregulation and inflammation.Methods:We analyzed the DNA of an index patient with early-onset systemic inflammation,cutaneous vasculopathy,and pulmonary inflammation.We sequenced a candidate gene,TMEM173,encoding the stimulator of interferon genes(STING),in this patient and in five unrelated children with similar clinical phenotypes.Four children were evaluated clinically and immunologically.With the STING ligand cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate(cGAMP),we stimulated peripheral-blood mononuclear cells and fibroblasts from patients and controls,as well as commercially obtained endothelial cells,and then assayed transcription of IFNB1,the gene encoding interferon-β,in the stimulated cells.We analyzed IFNB1 reporter levels in HEK293T cells cotransfected with mutant or nonmutant STING constructs.Mutant STING leads to increased phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1(STAT1),so we tested the effect of Janus kinase(JAK)inhibitors on STAT1 phosphorylation in lymphocytes from the affected children and controls.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish a quantitative assessment method for the textural quality of chieh-qua fruit.[Methods]Using two modes of a texture analyzer,namely TPA(texture profile analysis)and pun...[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish a quantitative assessment method for the textural quality of chieh-qua fruit.[Methods]Using two modes of a texture analyzer,namely TPA(texture profile analysis)and puncture,the index data of the fruit were obtained by setting different trigger forces,deformation levels,test speeds,as well as puncture speeds and puncture depths.The data included TPA hardness,adhesiveness,springiness,cohesiveness,gumminess,chewiness,resilience,as well as skin hardness,skin toughness,flesh hardness,fracturability,and compactness.[Results]Different deformation levels had a significant impact on all parameters.Hardness,adhesiveness,gumminess and chewiness showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the deformation level increasing.When the deformation level was 30%,the adhesiveness,gumminess and chewiness reached their maximum values.When the deformation level was 50%,TPA hardness reached its maximum.When the compression speed was 3 mm/s,the measured values of TPA hardness,adhesiveness,chewiness,and resilience were at their maximums.The skin hardness varied significantly under different trigger forces.When the trigger force was 15 g,the skin hardness reached a maximum value of 944.63 g,and the skin toughness,flesh hardness,fracturability,and compactness also reach their maximum values respectively.When the puncture depth was 12 mm,the flesh hardness and skin toughness reached their maximums of 682.51 g and 1.82 mm,respectively.In the TPA mode,the flesh hardness of chieh-qua showed an extremely significant negative correlation with springiness,cohesiveness,and resilience(P<0.01).The fruit fracturability detected by puncture had an extremely significant positive correlation with compactness(P<0.01).[Conclusions]The evaluation method for measuring chieh-qua texture by combining TPA and the puncture mode could accurately and quantitatively reflect the differences in the flesh texture quality of chieh-qua.The optimal parameters for texture measurement of chieh-qua fruit were determined as a 15 g trigger force with 50%deformation and a 3 mm/s compression speed in TPA mode,and a 15 g trigger force with a 12 mm puncture depth in puncture mode.Puncture speed was found to have no significant effect on the texture indices of chieh-qua.展开更多
Background:The study of autoinflammatory diseases has uncovered mechanisms underlying cytokine dysregulation and inflammation.Methods:We analyzed the DNA of an index patient with early-onset systemic inflammation,cuta...Background:The study of autoinflammatory diseases has uncovered mechanisms underlying cytokine dysregulation and inflammation.Methods:We analyzed the DNA of an index patient with early-onset systemic inflammation,cutaneous vasculopathy,and pulmonary inflammation.We sequenced a candidate gene,TMEM173,encoding the stimulator of interferon genes(STING),in this patient and in five unrelated children with similar clinical phenotypes.展开更多
We fabricated wearable perspiration analyzing sites for actively monitoring physiological status during exercises without any batteries or other power supply.The device mainly consists of ZnO nanowire(NW)arrays and fl...We fabricated wearable perspiration analyzing sites for actively monitoring physiological status during exercises without any batteries or other power supply.The device mainly consists of ZnO nanowire(NW)arrays and flexible polydimethylsiloxane substrate.Sweat on the skin can flow into the flow channels of the device through capillary action and flow along the channels to ZnO NWs.The sweat flowing on the NWs(with lactate oxidase modification)can output a DC electrical signal,and the outputting voltage is dependent on the lactate concentration in the sweat as the biosensing signal.ZnO NWs generate electric double layer(EDL)in sweat,which causes a potential difference between the upper and lower ends(hydrovoltaic effect).The product of the enzymatic reaction can adjust the EDL and influence the output.This device can be integrated with wireless transmitter and may have potential application in constructing sports big data.This work promotes the development of next generation of biosensors and expands the scope of self-powered physiological monitoring system.展开更多
射频离子推力器(Radio-frequency ion thruster,RIT)具有高比冲、长寿命、结构简单、性能灵活可调等优势,在无拖曳控制、卫星轨道及姿态控制、空间探测等领域具备广阔的应用前景。射频离子推力器通过栅极引出并加速离子产生推力,可通过...射频离子推力器(Radio-frequency ion thruster,RIT)具有高比冲、长寿命、结构简单、性能灵活可调等优势,在无拖曳控制、卫星轨道及姿态控制、空间探测等领域具备广阔的应用前景。射频离子推力器通过栅极引出并加速离子产生推力,可通过推力器羽流中的离子参数评估推力器的各项性能参数,推力器羽流离子参数的实验研究对推力器性能评估与优化具有重要意义。利用阻滞势分析仪与法拉第杯在不同输入条件下对射频离子推力器XRIT-200的羽流离子参数进行了实验研究。结果表明:推力器羽流中离子能量与屏栅电压成良好的线性关系,屏栅电压为1.3 kV时,离子能量达到1.3069 keV,但屏栅电压对推力密度的提升受到推力器工质流量的限制;同等屏栅电压与射频功率的条件下,推力密度随工质流量升高而增大;在给定的推力器输入条件下,射频功率升高,离子电流密度增大,推力器羽流发散角减小,推力器羽流更为集中。展开更多
Metallic flaky sendust particles are prepared for use as fillers in electromagnetic attenuation composites. We report the interface reflection model to divide the broad bandwidth into electromagnetic loss and quarter-...Metallic flaky sendust particles are prepared for use as fillers in electromagnetic attenuation composites. We report the interface reflection model to divide the broad bandwidth into electromagnetic loss and quarter-wavelength （λ/4） cancelation. Combining with the face reflection calculation, we identify the electromagnetic loss originated from skin effect, which is used to explain over half of the absorbed energy in high frequency band. Most impor- tantly, the unique electromagnetic loss cannot generate the reflection loss （RL） peak. Using the phase relation of face reflection, we show evidence that the λ/4 cancelation is vital to generate the RL peak. The calculated energy loss agrees well with the experimental data and lays the foundation for further research.展开更多
The systematism of weapon combat is the typical characteristic of a modern battlefield.The process of combat is complex and the demand description of weapon system of systems(SOS)is difficult.Granular analyzing is an ...The systematism of weapon combat is the typical characteristic of a modern battlefield.The process of combat is complex and the demand description of weapon system of systems(SOS)is difficult.Granular analyzing is an important method for solving the complex problem in the world.Granular thinking is introduced into the demand description of weapon SoS.Granular computing and granular combination based on a relation of compatibility is proposed.Based on the level of degree and degree of detail,the granular resolution of weapon SoS is defined and an example is illustrated at the end.展开更多
文摘Background:The study of autoinflammatory diseases has uncovered mechanisms underlying cytokine dysregulation and inflammation.Methods:We analyzed the DNA of an index patient with early-onset systemic inflammation,cutaneous vasculopathy,and pulmonary inflammation.We sequenced a candidate gene,TMEM173,encoding the stimulator of interferon genes(STING),in this patient and in five unrelated children with similar clinical phenotypes.Four children were evaluated clinically and immunologically.With the STING ligand cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate(cGAMP),we stimulated peripheral-blood mononuclear cells and fibroblasts from patients and controls,as well as commercially obtained endothelial cells,and then assayed transcription of IFNB1,the gene encoding interferon-β,in the stimulated cells.We analyzed IFNB1 reporter levels in HEK293T cells cotransfected with mutant or nonmutant STING constructs.Mutant STING leads to increased phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1(STAT1),so we tested the effect of Janus kinase(JAK)inhibitors on STAT1 phosphorylation in lymphocytes from the affected children and controls.
基金Supported by Shanghai Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program (Grant No.T20220120).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish a quantitative assessment method for the textural quality of chieh-qua fruit.[Methods]Using two modes of a texture analyzer,namely TPA(texture profile analysis)and puncture,the index data of the fruit were obtained by setting different trigger forces,deformation levels,test speeds,as well as puncture speeds and puncture depths.The data included TPA hardness,adhesiveness,springiness,cohesiveness,gumminess,chewiness,resilience,as well as skin hardness,skin toughness,flesh hardness,fracturability,and compactness.[Results]Different deformation levels had a significant impact on all parameters.Hardness,adhesiveness,gumminess and chewiness showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the deformation level increasing.When the deformation level was 30%,the adhesiveness,gumminess and chewiness reached their maximum values.When the deformation level was 50%,TPA hardness reached its maximum.When the compression speed was 3 mm/s,the measured values of TPA hardness,adhesiveness,chewiness,and resilience were at their maximums.The skin hardness varied significantly under different trigger forces.When the trigger force was 15 g,the skin hardness reached a maximum value of 944.63 g,and the skin toughness,flesh hardness,fracturability,and compactness also reach their maximum values respectively.When the puncture depth was 12 mm,the flesh hardness and skin toughness reached their maximums of 682.51 g and 1.82 mm,respectively.In the TPA mode,the flesh hardness of chieh-qua showed an extremely significant negative correlation with springiness,cohesiveness,and resilience(P<0.01).The fruit fracturability detected by puncture had an extremely significant positive correlation with compactness(P<0.01).[Conclusions]The evaluation method for measuring chieh-qua texture by combining TPA and the puncture mode could accurately and quantitatively reflect the differences in the flesh texture quality of chieh-qua.The optimal parameters for texture measurement of chieh-qua fruit were determined as a 15 g trigger force with 50%deformation and a 3 mm/s compression speed in TPA mode,and a 15 g trigger force with a 12 mm puncture depth in puncture mode.Puncture speed was found to have no significant effect on the texture indices of chieh-qua.
文摘Background:The study of autoinflammatory diseases has uncovered mechanisms underlying cytokine dysregulation and inflammation.Methods:We analyzed the DNA of an index patient with early-onset systemic inflammation,cutaneous vasculopathy,and pulmonary inflammation.We sequenced a candidate gene,TMEM173,encoding the stimulator of interferon genes(STING),in this patient and in five unrelated children with similar clinical phenotypes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11674048)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(20JCQN0201).
文摘We fabricated wearable perspiration analyzing sites for actively monitoring physiological status during exercises without any batteries or other power supply.The device mainly consists of ZnO nanowire(NW)arrays and flexible polydimethylsiloxane substrate.Sweat on the skin can flow into the flow channels of the device through capillary action and flow along the channels to ZnO NWs.The sweat flowing on the NWs(with lactate oxidase modification)can output a DC electrical signal,and the outputting voltage is dependent on the lactate concentration in the sweat as the biosensing signal.ZnO NWs generate electric double layer(EDL)in sweat,which causes a potential difference between the upper and lower ends(hydrovoltaic effect).The product of the enzymatic reaction can adjust the EDL and influence the output.This device can be integrated with wireless transmitter and may have potential application in constructing sports big data.This work promotes the development of next generation of biosensors and expands the scope of self-powered physiological monitoring system.
文摘射频离子推力器(Radio-frequency ion thruster,RIT)具有高比冲、长寿命、结构简单、性能灵活可调等优势,在无拖曳控制、卫星轨道及姿态控制、空间探测等领域具备广阔的应用前景。射频离子推力器通过栅极引出并加速离子产生推力,可通过推力器羽流中的离子参数评估推力器的各项性能参数,推力器羽流离子参数的实验研究对推力器性能评估与优化具有重要意义。利用阻滞势分析仪与法拉第杯在不同输入条件下对射频离子推力器XRIT-200的羽流离子参数进行了实验研究。结果表明:推力器羽流中离子能量与屏栅电压成良好的线性关系,屏栅电压为1.3 kV时,离子能量达到1.3069 keV,但屏栅电压对推力密度的提升受到推力器工质流量的限制;同等屏栅电压与射频功率的条件下,推力密度随工质流量升高而增大;在给定的推力器输入条件下,射频功率升高,离子电流密度增大,推力器羽流发散角减小,推力器羽流更为集中。
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities under Grant No LZUJBKY-2015-121the National Natural Science Foundations of China under Grant Nos 11574122 and 51102124the National Science Foundation for Fostering Talents in Basic Research of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Metallic flaky sendust particles are prepared for use as fillers in electromagnetic attenuation composites. We report the interface reflection model to divide the broad bandwidth into electromagnetic loss and quarter-wavelength （λ/4） cancelation. Combining with the face reflection calculation, we identify the electromagnetic loss originated from skin effect, which is used to explain over half of the absorbed energy in high frequency band. Most impor- tantly, the unique electromagnetic loss cannot generate the reflection loss （RL） peak. Using the phase relation of face reflection, we show evidence that the λ/4 cancelation is vital to generate the RL peak. The calculated energy loss agrees well with the experimental data and lays the foundation for further research.
文摘The systematism of weapon combat is the typical characteristic of a modern battlefield.The process of combat is complex and the demand description of weapon system of systems(SOS)is difficult.Granular analyzing is an important method for solving the complex problem in the world.Granular thinking is introduced into the demand description of weapon SoS.Granular computing and granular combination based on a relation of compatibility is proposed.Based on the level of degree and degree of detail,the granular resolution of weapon SoS is defined and an example is illustrated at the end.
