A new multi function voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter using single Voltage Differencing Differential Input Buffered Amplifier (VD-DIBA), two capacitors and one resistor is proposed. The proposed configuration...A new multi function voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter using single Voltage Differencing Differential Input Buffered Amplifier (VD-DIBA), two capacitors and one resistor is proposed. The proposed configuration has four inputs and one output and can realize all the five standard filters from the same circuit configuration. The presented biquad filter offers low active and passive sensitivities. The validity of proposed universal biquadratic filter has been verified by SPICE simulation using 0.35 μm MIETEC technology.展开更多
A universal biquadratic filter using single universal voltage conveyor (UVC), two resistors and two capacitors is presented in this paper. The proposed structure has three inputs and one output and can realize all the...A universal biquadratic filter using single universal voltage conveyor (UVC), two resistors and two capacitors is presented in this paper. The proposed structure has three inputs and one output and can realize all the five standard biquadratic filters: low-pass (LP), high-pass (HP), band-pass (BP), band-reject (BR) and all-pass (AP) from the same circuit configuration. The presented universal filter offers low active and passive sensitivities. SPICE (Version 16.5) simulation results using 0.18 μm TSMC technology have been included.展开更多
In this communication, a new single-resistance controlled sinusoidal oscillator (SRCO) has been presented. The presented SRCO uses two voltage differencing inverting buffered amplifiers (VDIBAs), one resistor and two ...In this communication, a new single-resistance controlled sinusoidal oscillator (SRCO) has been presented. The presented SRCO uses two voltage differencing inverting buffered amplifiers (VDIBAs), one resistor and two capacitors in which one is grounded (GC) and the other one is floating (FC). The proposed structure offers the following advantageous features: 1) independent control of oscillation condition (OC) and oscillation frequency (OF);2) low passive and active sensitivities and 3) very good frequency stability. The non-ideal effects of the VDIBA on the proposed oscillator have also been investigated. The proposed SRCO has been tested for its robustness using Monte-Carlo simulations. The check of the validity of the presented SRCO has been established by SPICE simulations using 0.18 μm TSMC technology.展开更多
The paper presents a new universal biquadratic filter using single universal voltage conveyor (UVC), two resistors and two capacitors. The offered structure has three inputs and one output and can realise all the five...The paper presents a new universal biquadratic filter using single universal voltage conveyor (UVC), two resistors and two capacitors. The offered structure has three inputs and one output and can realise all the five basic biquadratic filters: high-pass (HP), low-pass (LP), band-reject (BR), band-pass (BP) and all-pass (AP) from the same circuit topology. The proposed universal filter also provides following advantageous features, not available simultaneously in any UVC based universal biquadratic filter so far: (i) low active and passive sensitivities, (ii) independent control of natural frequency (ω0) and bandwidth (BW) and (iii) no requirement of any component matching condition and inversion of input signal(s) (as needed in most of the earlier reported structures). The workability of proposed structure has been presented by SPICE (Version 16.5) simulation using 0.18 μm TSMC technology.展开更多
Five new electronically-controllable second order current-mode sinusoidal oscillators using three mul-ti-output operational transconductance amplifiers (MO-OTAs) and two grounded capacitors (GC) have been presented. S...Five new electronically-controllable second order current-mode sinusoidal oscillators using three mul-ti-output operational transconductance amplifiers (MO-OTAs) and two grounded capacitors (GC) have been presented. Simulation results are included to confirm the theoretical analysis based upon CMOS OTAs implementable in 0.5 μm technology.展开更多
A state variable method of converting single-resistance-controlled- oscillators (SRCO), into universal current-mode biquad (offering realizations of all the five standard filter functions namely, low pass, band pass, ...A state variable method of converting single-resistance-controlled- oscillators (SRCO), into universal current-mode biquad (offering realizations of all the five standard filter functions namely, low pass, band pass, high pass, notch and all pass) has been highlighted. The workability of the exemplary implementation of the derived current-mode universal biquad has been demonstrated by PSPICE simulation results based upon 0.35 μ m technology. It is expected that the proposed method can be applied to other SRCOs to generate other multifunction filter structures.展开更多
Approximation techniques are useful for implementing pattern recognizers, communication decoders and sensory processing algorithms where computational precision is not critical to achieve the desired system level perf...Approximation techniques are useful for implementing pattern recognizers, communication decoders and sensory processing algorithms where computational precision is not critical to achieve the desired system level performance. In our previous work, we had proposed margin propagation (MP) as an efficient piece-wise linear (PWL) approximation technique to a log-sum-exp function and had demonstrated its advantages for implementing probabilistic decoders. In this paper, we present a systematic and a generalized approach for synthesizing analog piecewise-linear (PWL) computing circuits using the MP principle. MP circuits use only addition, subtraction and threshold operations and hence can be implemented using universal conservation principles like the Kirchoff's current law. Thus, unlike the conventional translinear CMOS current-mode circuits, the operation of the MP circuits are functionally similar in weak, moderate and strong inversion regimes of the MOS transistor making the design approach bias-scalable. This paper presents measured results from MP circuits prototyped in a 0.5μm standard CMOS process verifying the bias-scalable property. As an example, we apply the synthesis approach towards designing linear classifiers and verify its performance using measured results.展开更多
Two simple voltage-controlled-oscillators (VCO) with linear tuning laws employing only a single current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) in conjunction with two analog multipliers (AM) have been highlighted. The ...Two simple voltage-controlled-oscillators (VCO) with linear tuning laws employing only a single current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) in conjunction with two analog multipliers (AM) have been highlighted. The workability of the presented VCOs has been demonstrated by experimental results based upon AD844 type CFOAs and AD534 type AMs.展开更多
This research paper contains a new electronically tunable current-mode biquadratic universal filter using a new active building block;current controlled differential difference current conveyor transconductance amplif...This research paper contains a new electronically tunable current-mode biquadratic universal filter using a new active building block;current controlled differential difference current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCDDCCTA). The proposed filter provides the following important and desirable features: (i) One can use only one CCDDCCTA and two capacitors;(ii) One can get low pass (LP), band pass (BP), high pass (HP), notch (NF) and all pass (AP) current responses from the same configuration without any alteration;(iii) Passive components are grounded, which ease the integrated circuit implementation;(iv) Responses are electronically tunable;and (v) Sensitivity is low. Moreover, the non-ideality analysis shows that the parasitic passive components can be compensated for the proposed circuit. The functionality of the design is verified through SPICE simulations using 0.25 μm CMOS TSMC technology process parameters. Simulation result agrees well with the theoretical analysis.展开更多
A novel four-input three-output voltage-mode differential difference current conveyor (DDCC) based universal filter is presented. The circuit uses three DDCCs as active elements, two resistors and two capacitors as pa...A novel four-input three-output voltage-mode differential difference current conveyor (DDCC) based universal filter is presented. The circuit uses three DDCCs as active elements, two resistors and two capacitors as passive elements. The circuit along with its versatility enjoys the advantage of minimum number of passive elements employment. SPICE simulation results are given to confirm the theoretical analysis. The proposed circuit is a novel addition to the existing knowledge on the subject.展开更多
A new universal multiple input multiple output (MIMO) type current-mode biquad employing two dual output current conveyors (DOCCII), one multiple output current controlled current amplifier (MOCCCA) and four passive g...A new universal multiple input multiple output (MIMO) type current-mode biquad employing two dual output current conveyors (DOCCII), one multiple output current controlled current amplifier (MOCCCA) and four passive grounded elements is proposed which can realize all the five basic filtering functions namely, low-pass (LP), high-pass (HP), band-pass (BP), band-stop (BR) and all-pass (AP) in current mode from the same configuration. The centre frequency can be set by the passive elements of the circuit and the quality factor Q0 is electronically tunable through bias currents of the MOCCCA. Therefore, the biquad filter has independent tenability for the and Q0. The active and passive sensitivities of Q0 and are low. The workability of the new configuration has been demonstrated by PSPICE simulation results based upon a CMOS CCII in0.35μm technology.展开更多
This paper proposes an nth order (where n = 2,3, ,n) voltage mode active-C filter using n number of current controlled current conveyors (CCCIIs) and n number of equal valued grounded capacitors. The proposed topology...This paper proposes an nth order (where n = 2,3, ,n) voltage mode active-C filter using n number of current controlled current conveyors (CCCIIs) and n number of equal valued grounded capacitors. The proposed topology can implement both band pass and low pass responses without alteration of any components. The filters offer the following important features: use of minimum number of current controlled current conveyors (CCCIIs) and passive components, no matching constraint, use of all grounded capacitors and absence of external resistor suitable for integration, cut off frequency can easily be electronically adjusted using AMS 0.35 μm CMOS technology. PSPICE simulation results of third order band pass and low pass responses are provided. The results are found to agree well with the theory.展开更多
In this paper, an application of voltage differencing voltage transconductance amplifier (VDVTA) in the realization of voltage-mode (VM) multi-input single output (MISO) type biquad is presented. The proposed topology...In this paper, an application of voltage differencing voltage transconductance amplifier (VDVTA) in the realization of voltage-mode (VM) multi-input single output (MISO) type biquad is presented. The proposed topology uses one VDVTA as an active element, two capacitors and a grounded resistor. The configuration realizes low pass (LP), high pass (HP), band pass (BP) and notch (BR) filters without the requirement of any matching condition. The natural frequency (w0) and bandwidth (BW) are independently controllable. The proposed circuit offers low active and passive sensitivities of w0. The operation of the proposed circuit has been verified through SPICE simulation with TSMC CMOS 0.18 μm process parameters.展开更多
罗伊·瓦格纳是欧美人类学界最具影响力的文化理论家之一,他将人类学思想表述为“视角互换”(reciprocity of perspectives)的创见启发了人类学的本体论转向,对其后的反转人类学、对称人类学等发展影响深远。本文介绍了瓦格纳的生...罗伊·瓦格纳是欧美人类学界最具影响力的文化理论家之一,他将人类学思想表述为“视角互换”(reciprocity of perspectives)的创见启发了人类学的本体论转向,对其后的反转人类学、对称人类学等发展影响深远。本文介绍了瓦格纳的生平及其学术思想,缕析了他在多部关于美拉尼西亚地区的仪式、神话和亲属关系研究著作中发展出的核心文化概念。瓦格纳致力于借助类比模式(analogical mode)的方法来研究非西方社会的修辞表演和社会结构,充分解释了特定群体的文化创造性,阐明了意义关联和文化间性的发生机制,其在本土理论和人类学知识间构建的平等互换视角穿透了西方中心主义的高墙,在社会科学领域激发了富有生机的新思维。展开更多
文摘A new multi function voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter using single Voltage Differencing Differential Input Buffered Amplifier (VD-DIBA), two capacitors and one resistor is proposed. The proposed configuration has four inputs and one output and can realize all the five standard filters from the same circuit configuration. The presented biquad filter offers low active and passive sensitivities. The validity of proposed universal biquadratic filter has been verified by SPICE simulation using 0.35 μm MIETEC technology.
文摘A universal biquadratic filter using single universal voltage conveyor (UVC), two resistors and two capacitors is presented in this paper. The proposed structure has three inputs and one output and can realize all the five standard biquadratic filters: low-pass (LP), high-pass (HP), band-pass (BP), band-reject (BR) and all-pass (AP) from the same circuit configuration. The presented universal filter offers low active and passive sensitivities. SPICE (Version 16.5) simulation results using 0.18 μm TSMC technology have been included.
文摘In this communication, a new single-resistance controlled sinusoidal oscillator (SRCO) has been presented. The presented SRCO uses two voltage differencing inverting buffered amplifiers (VDIBAs), one resistor and two capacitors in which one is grounded (GC) and the other one is floating (FC). The proposed structure offers the following advantageous features: 1) independent control of oscillation condition (OC) and oscillation frequency (OF);2) low passive and active sensitivities and 3) very good frequency stability. The non-ideal effects of the VDIBA on the proposed oscillator have also been investigated. The proposed SRCO has been tested for its robustness using Monte-Carlo simulations. The check of the validity of the presented SRCO has been established by SPICE simulations using 0.18 μm TSMC technology.
文摘The paper presents a new universal biquadratic filter using single universal voltage conveyor (UVC), two resistors and two capacitors. The offered structure has three inputs and one output and can realise all the five basic biquadratic filters: high-pass (HP), low-pass (LP), band-reject (BR), band-pass (BP) and all-pass (AP) from the same circuit topology. The proposed universal filter also provides following advantageous features, not available simultaneously in any UVC based universal biquadratic filter so far: (i) low active and passive sensitivities, (ii) independent control of natural frequency (ω0) and bandwidth (BW) and (iii) no requirement of any component matching condition and inversion of input signal(s) (as needed in most of the earlier reported structures). The workability of proposed structure has been presented by SPICE (Version 16.5) simulation using 0.18 μm TSMC technology.
文摘Five new electronically-controllable second order current-mode sinusoidal oscillators using three mul-ti-output operational transconductance amplifiers (MO-OTAs) and two grounded capacitors (GC) have been presented. Simulation results are included to confirm the theoretical analysis based upon CMOS OTAs implementable in 0.5 μm technology.
文摘A state variable method of converting single-resistance-controlled- oscillators (SRCO), into universal current-mode biquad (offering realizations of all the five standard filter functions namely, low pass, band pass, high pass, notch and all pass) has been highlighted. The workability of the exemplary implementation of the derived current-mode universal biquad has been demonstrated by PSPICE simulation results based upon 0.35 μ m technology. It is expected that the proposed method can be applied to other SRCOs to generate other multifunction filter structures.
基金Supported by a Research Grant from The National Science Foundation(CCF:0728996)
文摘Approximation techniques are useful for implementing pattern recognizers, communication decoders and sensory processing algorithms where computational precision is not critical to achieve the desired system level performance. In our previous work, we had proposed margin propagation (MP) as an efficient piece-wise linear (PWL) approximation technique to a log-sum-exp function and had demonstrated its advantages for implementing probabilistic decoders. In this paper, we present a systematic and a generalized approach for synthesizing analog piecewise-linear (PWL) computing circuits using the MP principle. MP circuits use only addition, subtraction and threshold operations and hence can be implemented using universal conservation principles like the Kirchoff's current law. Thus, unlike the conventional translinear CMOS current-mode circuits, the operation of the MP circuits are functionally similar in weak, moderate and strong inversion regimes of the MOS transistor making the design approach bias-scalable. This paper presents measured results from MP circuits prototyped in a 0.5μm standard CMOS process verifying the bias-scalable property. As an example, we apply the synthesis approach towards designing linear classifiers and verify its performance using measured results.
文摘Two simple voltage-controlled-oscillators (VCO) with linear tuning laws employing only a single current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) in conjunction with two analog multipliers (AM) have been highlighted. The workability of the presented VCOs has been demonstrated by experimental results based upon AD844 type CFOAs and AD534 type AMs.
文摘This research paper contains a new electronically tunable current-mode biquadratic universal filter using a new active building block;current controlled differential difference current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCDDCCTA). The proposed filter provides the following important and desirable features: (i) One can use only one CCDDCCTA and two capacitors;(ii) One can get low pass (LP), band pass (BP), high pass (HP), notch (NF) and all pass (AP) current responses from the same configuration without any alteration;(iii) Passive components are grounded, which ease the integrated circuit implementation;(iv) Responses are electronically tunable;and (v) Sensitivity is low. Moreover, the non-ideality analysis shows that the parasitic passive components can be compensated for the proposed circuit. The functionality of the design is verified through SPICE simulations using 0.25 μm CMOS TSMC technology process parameters. Simulation result agrees well with the theoretical analysis.
文摘A novel four-input three-output voltage-mode differential difference current conveyor (DDCC) based universal filter is presented. The circuit uses three DDCCs as active elements, two resistors and two capacitors as passive elements. The circuit along with its versatility enjoys the advantage of minimum number of passive elements employment. SPICE simulation results are given to confirm the theoretical analysis. The proposed circuit is a novel addition to the existing knowledge on the subject.
文摘A new universal multiple input multiple output (MIMO) type current-mode biquad employing two dual output current conveyors (DOCCII), one multiple output current controlled current amplifier (MOCCCA) and four passive grounded elements is proposed which can realize all the five basic filtering functions namely, low-pass (LP), high-pass (HP), band-pass (BP), band-stop (BR) and all-pass (AP) in current mode from the same configuration. The centre frequency can be set by the passive elements of the circuit and the quality factor Q0 is electronically tunable through bias currents of the MOCCCA. Therefore, the biquad filter has independent tenability for the and Q0. The active and passive sensitivities of Q0 and are low. The workability of the new configuration has been demonstrated by PSPICE simulation results based upon a CMOS CCII in0.35μm technology.
文摘This paper proposes an nth order (where n = 2,3, ,n) voltage mode active-C filter using n number of current controlled current conveyors (CCCIIs) and n number of equal valued grounded capacitors. The proposed topology can implement both band pass and low pass responses without alteration of any components. The filters offer the following important features: use of minimum number of current controlled current conveyors (CCCIIs) and passive components, no matching constraint, use of all grounded capacitors and absence of external resistor suitable for integration, cut off frequency can easily be electronically adjusted using AMS 0.35 μm CMOS technology. PSPICE simulation results of third order band pass and low pass responses are provided. The results are found to agree well with the theory.
文摘In this paper, an application of voltage differencing voltage transconductance amplifier (VDVTA) in the realization of voltage-mode (VM) multi-input single output (MISO) type biquad is presented. The proposed topology uses one VDVTA as an active element, two capacitors and a grounded resistor. The configuration realizes low pass (LP), high pass (HP), band pass (BP) and notch (BR) filters without the requirement of any matching condition. The natural frequency (w0) and bandwidth (BW) are independently controllable. The proposed circuit offers low active and passive sensitivities of w0. The operation of the proposed circuit has been verified through SPICE simulation with TSMC CMOS 0.18 μm process parameters.
文摘罗伊·瓦格纳是欧美人类学界最具影响力的文化理论家之一,他将人类学思想表述为“视角互换”(reciprocity of perspectives)的创见启发了人类学的本体论转向,对其后的反转人类学、对称人类学等发展影响深远。本文介绍了瓦格纳的生平及其学术思想,缕析了他在多部关于美拉尼西亚地区的仪式、神话和亲属关系研究著作中发展出的核心文化概念。瓦格纳致力于借助类比模式(analogical mode)的方法来研究非西方社会的修辞表演和社会结构,充分解释了特定群体的文化创造性,阐明了意义关联和文化间性的发生机制,其在本土理论和人类学知识间构建的平等互换视角穿透了西方中心主义的高墙,在社会科学领域激发了富有生机的新思维。
