Supported ionic liquid(IL) catalysts [Cmim]PMoO/Am TiO(amorphous TiO) were synthesized through a one-step method for extraction coupled catalytic oxidative desulfurization(ECODS) system. Characterizations such as FTIR...Supported ionic liquid(IL) catalysts [Cmim]PMoO/Am TiO(amorphous TiO) were synthesized through a one-step method for extraction coupled catalytic oxidative desulfurization(ECODS) system. Characterizations such as FTIR, DRS,wide-angle XRD, Nadsorption–desorption and XPS were applied to analyze the morphology and Keggin structure of the catalysts. In ECODS with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant, it was found that ILs with longer alkyl chains in the cationic moiety had a better effect on the removal of dibenzothiophene. The desulfurization could reach 100% under optimal conditions, and GC–MS analysis was employed to detect the oxidized product after the reaction. Factors affecting the desulfurization efficiencies were discussed, and a possible mechanism was proposed. In addition, cyclic experiments were also conducted to investigate the recyclability of the supported catalyst. The catalytic activity of [Cmim]PMoO/Am TiOonly dropped from 100% to 92.9% after ten cycles, demonstrating the good recycling performance of the catalyst and its potential industrial application.展开更多
In this study,CuBi2O4 photocathodes were prepared using a simple electrodeposition method for photoelectrochemical(PEC)hydrogen production.The prepared photocathodes were modified with amorphous TiO2 and a Pt co‐cata...In this study,CuBi2O4 photocathodes were prepared using a simple electrodeposition method for photoelectrochemical(PEC)hydrogen production.The prepared photocathodes were modified with amorphous TiO2 and a Pt co‐catalyst,which resulted in the formation of CuBi2O4/TiO2 p‐n heterojunctions,and enhanced the activities of the as‐prepared photocathodes.The novel Pt/TiO2/CuBi2O4 photocathode exhibited a photocurrent of 0.35 mA/cm2 at 0.60 V vs.Reversible Hydrogen Electrode(RHE),which was nearly twice that of the Pt/CuBi2O4 photocathode.The present study provides a facile method for increasing the efficiency of photocathodes and provides meaningful guidance for the preparation of high‐performance CuBi2O4 photocathodes.展开更多
Chrome-doped titanium oxide films were prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering method. The films deposited on glass slides at room temperature were investigated by atom force microscope, X-ray diffractometer, X-ray ...Chrome-doped titanium oxide films were prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering method. The films deposited on glass slides at room temperature were investigated by atom force microscope, X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, the photoluminescence （PL） and ellipse polarization apparatus. The results indicate that TiO2-Cr film exists in the form of amorphous. The prepared films possess a band gap of less than 3.20 eV, and a new absorption peak. The films, irradiated for 5 h under UV light, exhibit excellent photocatalytic activities with the optimum decomposition rate at 98.5% for methylene blue. Consequently, the thickness threshold on these films is 114 nm, at which the rate of photodegradation is 95% in 5 h. When the thickness is over 114 nm, the rate of photodegradation becomes stable. This result is completely different from that of crystalloid TiO2 thin film.展开更多
Sodium-ion hybrid capacitors(SICs)offer inherent energy-power synergy but are constrained by mismatched kinetics and life spans between the anode and cathode materials.Two-dimensional MoS_(2)@C composites demonstrate ...Sodium-ion hybrid capacitors(SICs)offer inherent energy-power synergy but are constrained by mismatched kinetics and life spans between the anode and cathode materials.Two-dimensional MoS_(2)@C composites demonstrate excellent kinetics and structural stability,thanks to the built-in electric field of the carbon heterostructure and its adaptability to volume changes.Yet,the carbon shell imposes a physical barrier to interfacial Na^(+)diffusion,while deep discharge induces the formation of crystalline Na_(2)S,accompanied by severe volumetric expansion and sluggish reversibility—factors that accelerate capacity fading and structural degradation.To address these challenges,a trace-level Ni doping strategy is introduced,enabling precise modulation of the composite's interlayer structure,electronic configuration,and reaction pathway.Ni incorporation expands the MoS_(2) interlayer spacing,reconstructs short-range ordered nanocrystals within a hierarchically porous network,and promotes Na^(+)diffusion by weakening interlayer van der Waals forces.Orbital hybridization between Ni-3d and Mo-4d/S-3p states enhances electronic conductivity and reduces charge transfer resistance.Critically,Ni doping enhances electron transfer from Ni to sulfur,which weakens Na–S bonds and promotes the formation of amorphous Na_(2)S,thereby suppressing crystalline Na_(2)S and enabling a reversible MoS_(2)/Na_(2)S conversion mechanism for improved structural stability and cycling performance.As a result,the optimized MoS_(2)-Ni@C anode delivers a high reversible capacity of 334 mAh g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1)with 68%retention after 10,000 cycles.When assembled into a SIC device(MoS_(2)-Ni@C//AC),it achieves an energy density of 135 Wh kg^(-1)at a power density of 60.8 kW kg^(-1)(based on anode mass),with 76%retention over 3,000 cycles.展开更多
The introduction of two-dimensional(2D)perovskite layers on top of three-dimensional(3D)perovskite films enhances the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).However,the electronic effect of the spac...The introduction of two-dimensional(2D)perovskite layers on top of three-dimensional(3D)perovskite films enhances the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).However,the electronic effect of the spacer cation and the quality of the 2D capping layer are critical factors in achieving the required results.In this study,we compared two fluorinated salts:4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamidine hydrochloride(4TF-BA·HCl)and 4-fluorobenzamidine hydrochloride(4F-BA·HCl)to engineer the 3D/2D perovskite films.Surprisingly,4F-BA formed a high-performance 3D/2D heterojunction,while4TF-BA produced an amorphous layer on the perovskite films.Our findings indicate that the balanced intramolecular charge polarization,which leads to effective hydrogen bonding,is more favorable in 4F-BA than in 4TF-BA,promoting the formation of a crystalline 2D perovskite.Nevertheless,4TF-BA managed to improve efficiency to 24%,surpassing the control device,primarily due to the natural passivation capabilities of benzamidine.Interestingly,the devices based on 4F-BA demonstrated an efficiency exceeding 25%with greater longevity under various storage conditions compared to 4TF-BA-based and the control devices.展开更多
Amorphous materials represent a promising platform for advancing CO_(2)electrochemical reduction due to their inherently diverse coordination environments.In this study,we demonstrate computationally the superior perf...Amorphous materials represent a promising platform for advancing CO_(2)electrochemical reduction due to their inherently diverse coordination environments.In this study,we demonstrate computationally the superior performance of amorphous CuNi alloys for CO_(2)electrochemical reduction.By integrating machine learning forcefields for efficient structure generation and density functional theory for subsequent structural refinement and property calculations,we reveal the potential of these disordered systems to outperform their crystalline counterparts.Machine learning forcefields can generate a bulk structure containing a mixture of Cu and Ni atoms,resulting in enhanced catalytic performance.Effective screening of the amorphous surfaces is used to identify undercoordinated Cu and Ni sites in the amorphous structure to synergistically promote selective CO production and favor ethanol formation over ethylene via the stabilization of the*COCHO intermediate,resulting in significantly lower Gibbs free energy changes compared to the crystalline counterpart.The varying atomic coordination environments on amorphous surfaces promote both C–C bond formation and subsequent proton-electron transfer,leading to ethanol formation.These findings demonstrate the superior catalytic performance of amorphous CuNi,highlighting its potential for efficient and selective electroreduction of CO_(2).展开更多
Metal hydrides with high hydrogen density provide promising hydrogen storage paths for hydrogen transportation.However,the requirement of highly pure H_(2)for re-hydrogenation limits its wide application.Here,amorphou...Metal hydrides with high hydrogen density provide promising hydrogen storage paths for hydrogen transportation.However,the requirement of highly pure H_(2)for re-hydrogenation limits its wide application.Here,amorphous Al_(2)O_(3)shells(10 nm)were deposited on the surface of highly active hydrogen storage material particles(MgH_(2)-ZrTi)by atomic layer deposition to obtain MgH_(2)-ZrTi@Al_(2)O_(3),which have been demonstrated to be air stable with selective adsorption of H_(2)under a hydrogen atmosphere with different impurities(CH_(4),O_(2),N_(2),and CO_(2)).About 4.79 wt% H_(2)was adsorbed by MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)at 75℃under 10%CH_(4)+90%H_(2)atmosphere within 3 h with no kinetic or density decay after 5 cycles(~100%capacity retention).Furthermore,about 4 wt%of H_(2)was absorbed by MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)under 0.1%O_(2)+0.4%N_(2)+99.5%H_(2)and 0.1%CO_(2)+0.4%N_(2)+99.5%H_(2)atmospheres at 100℃within 0.5 h,respectively,demonstrating the selective hydrogen absorption of MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)in both oxygen-containing and carbon dioxide-containing atmospheres hydrogen atmosphere.The absorption and desorption curves of MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)with and without absorption in pure hydrogen and then in 21%O_(2)+79%N_(2)for 1 h were found to overlap,further confirming the successful shielding effect of Al_(2)O_(3)shells against O_(2)and N_(2).The MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)has been demonstrated to be air stable and have excellent selective hydrogen absorption performance under the atmosphere with CH_(4),O_(2),N_(2),and CO_(2).展开更多
Both the unsupported and supported NiB amorphous alloy catalysts (NiB and NiB/TiO2) were prepared by the chemical reduction method. Their catalytic activities were tested by the hydrogenation of sulfolene. The interac...Both the unsupported and supported NiB amorphous alloy catalysts (NiB and NiB/TiO2) were prepared by the chemical reduction method. Their catalytic activities were tested by the hydrogenation of sulfolene. The interactions between the NiB alloy and TiO2 were discussed for the first time by using XRD, ICP, SEM and TEM.展开更多
A supported Ni-B/TiO2 amorphous catalyst was prepared by impregnation and reduction. It was characterized by XRD, SAED, DSC, XPS, etc.. The catalytic activity of catalyst was measured through the hydrogenation of he...A supported Ni-B/TiO2 amorphous catalyst was prepared by impregnation and reduction. It was characterized by XRD, SAED, DSC, XPS, etc.. The catalytic activity of catalyst was measured through the hydrogenation of heavy arenes in petrochemicals for the first time.展开更多
A new supported amorphous catalyst CoP/TiO2 was prepared by chemical reduction and characterized by ICP, XRD, TEM, BET and DSC. Its application in decomposing PH3 to high purity phosphor and its catalytic activity wer...A new supported amorphous catalyst CoP/TiO2 was prepared by chemical reduction and characterized by ICP, XRD, TEM, BET and DSC. Its application in decomposing PH3 to high purity phosphor and its catalytic activity were studied. The decomposition rate is over 95% at 450 ℃. For comparison, unsupported CoP amorphous catalyst was prepared by the same method. The result suggests that CoP/TiO2 exhibits higher thermal stability and catalytic activity than CoP, which is attributed to the high dispersion of CoP alloy particles on the support-TiO2.展开更多
The hydrazine oxidation reaction(HzOR)has garnered significant attention as a feasible approach to replace sluggish anodic reactions to save energy.Nevertheless,there are still difficulties in developing highly effici...The hydrazine oxidation reaction(HzOR)has garnered significant attention as a feasible approach to replace sluggish anodic reactions to save energy.Nevertheless,there are still difficulties in developing highly efficient catalysts for the HzOR.Herein,we report amorphous ruthenium nanosheets(a-Ru NSs)with a thickness of approximately 9.6 nm.As a superior bifunctional electrocatalyst,a-Ru NSs exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic performance toward both the HzOR and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),outperforming benchmark Pt/C catalysts,where the a-Ru NSs achieved a work-ing potential of merely-76 mV and a low overpotential of only 17 mV to attain a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2) for the HzOR and HER,respectively.Furthermore,a-Ru NSs displayed a low cell voltage of 28 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2) for overall hy-drazine splitting in a two-electrode electrolyzer.In situ Raman spectra revealed that the a-Ru NSs can efficiently promote N‒N bond cleavage,thereby producing more*NH_(2)and accelerating the progress of the reaction.展开更多
Amorphous Ga_(2)O_(3)(a-Ga_(2)O_(3))thin films were prepared on flexible polyimide,rigid quartz glass,and Si substrates via radio frequency magnetron sputtering at room temperature.The effect of oxygen/Ar flow rate ra...Amorphous Ga_(2)O_(3)(a-Ga_(2)O_(3))thin films were prepared on flexible polyimide,rigid quartz glass,and Si substrates via radio frequency magnetron sputtering at room temperature.The effect of oxygen/Ar flow rate ratio on the structure,optical property,surface morphology,and chemical bonding properties of the a-Ga_(2)O_(3) films was investigated.Results show that the average optical transmittance of the a-Ga_(2)O_(3) films is over 80%within the wavelength range of 300-2000 nm.The extracted optical band gap of the a-Ga_(2)O_(3) films is increased from 4.97 eV to 5.13 eV with the increase in O_(2)/Ar flow rate ratio from 0 to 0.25,due to the decrease in concentration of oxygen vacancy defects in the film.Furthermore,the optical refractive index and surface roughness of the a-Ga_(2)O_(3) films are optimized when the O_(2)/Ar flow rate ratio reaches 0.25.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis also shows that the proportion of oxygen vacancies(VO)and Ga-O chemical bonds in the O 1s peak is gradually decreased with the increase in O_(2)/Ar flow rate ratio from 0 to 0.25,proving that increasing the O_(2)/Ar flow rate ratio during film growth can reduce the concentration of oxygen vacancy defects in a-Ga_(2)O_(3) films.In this case,a-Ga_(2)O_(3) with optimal properties can be obtained.This work provides a research basis for high-performance flexible and rigid deep ultraviolet solar-blind detection devices based on a-Ga_(2)O_(3) films.展开更多
B2-CuZr phase reinforced amorphous alloy matrix composites has become one of the research hotspots in the field of materials science due to the“transformation-induced plasticity”phenomenon,which makes the composites...B2-CuZr phase reinforced amorphous alloy matrix composites has become one of the research hotspots in the field of materials science due to the“transformation-induced plasticity”phenomenon,which makes the composites show better macroscopic plastic deformability and obvious work-hardening behavior compared to the conventional amorphous alloy matrix composites reinforced with ductile phases.However,the in-situ metastable B2-CuZr phase tends to undergo eutectoid decomposition during solidification,and the volume fraction,size,and distribution of B2-CuZr phase are difficult to control,which limits the development and application of these materials.To date,much efforts have been made to solve the above problems through composition optimization,casting parameter tailoring,and post-processing technique.In this study,a review was given based on relevant studies,focusing on the predictive approach,reinforcing mechanism,and microstructure tailoring methods of B2-CuZr phase reinforced amorphous alloy matrix composites.The research focus and future prospects were also given for the future development of the present composite system.展开更多
Compositing a secondary phase in Ag_(2)Se can usually tune the electron and phonon scattering to improve the thermoelectric performance.However,the intrinsically high carrier concentration still limits the performance...Compositing a secondary phase in Ag_(2)Se can usually tune the electron and phonon scattering to improve the thermoelectric performance.However,the intrinsically high carrier concentration still limits the performance optimization.Here,we employ a modulation decoration strategy to simultaneously achieve submicron-scale constituents and compositional modification for synergistic optimization of thermoelectric properties.Amorphous nano Sb_(2)S_(3) has been decorated on the surface of Ag_(2)Se powders,and S was added into the Ag_(2)Se matrix through an ion exchange reaction accompanied by the formation of a crystal/amorphous mixed secondary phase of Sb_(2)(S,Se)_(3).The S doping reduced the excessive intrinsic carrier concentration,leading to modified electrical transport properties and significantly reduced electrical thermal conductivity.On the other hand,introducing the S dopants and the crystal/amorphous interfaces into the Ag_(2)Se matrix could increase the lattice anharmonicity,further contributing to the reduced thermal conductivity.Consequently,the Ag_(2)Se-0.4%Sb_(2)S_(3) sample obtains a high average zT value of>1 in the temperature range of 300–390 K.In addition,the maximum cooling temperature difference of over 85 K can be predicted in an Ag_(2)Se/Ag_(2)Se-0.4%Sb_(2)S_(3) segregated module at the hot side temperature of 350 K.展开更多
Optimizing the interfacial environments of electrodes has emerged as an effective strategy to improve their electrochemical properties.Amorphous/crystalline interfacial coupling can effectively utilize the advantages ...Optimizing the interfacial environments of electrodes has emerged as an effective strategy to improve their electrochemical properties.Amorphous/crystalline interfacial coupling can effectively utilize the advantages of amorphous materials to optimize the interfacial structure for efficient Na^(+)storage.Herein,the dense homologous amorphous/crystalline heterointerfaces are in situ achieved in N-doped carbon nanobundles via self-polymerization and precise nitriding(Mo–N/Mo_(2)N@C).The amorphous Mo–N rich in unsaturated vacancy defects provides abundant active sites with isotropic ion-transport channels,and can effectively alleviate structural stress from crystalline Mo_(2)N.Meanwhile,the conductive Mo_(2)N can facilitate effective electron transfer,augmented further by the carbon encapsulation.Theoretical calculations reveal that the dense heterointerfaces can optimize the electronic structure and shift the d-p orbital centers of Mo and N upward,thereby enhancing the adsorption and mobility of Na^(+),and ultimately improving the charge transport and storage efficiency of the electrode.The Mo–N/Mo_(2)N@C as an anode delivers a 46.9%increase in reversible capacity over Mo_(2)N@C,reaching 461.1 m Ah.g^(–1)at 0.1 A.g^(–1),along with improved rate capability and cycling stability,underlining its practical utility.These results suggest that the homologous interfacial coupling can boost the storage properties of nitrides,providing a valuable reference for improving the properties of electrodes with low theoretical capacities.展开更多
Halide solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)with high ionic conductivity and excellent compatibility with highvoltage oxide cathodes in all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)offer improved safety and cycling performance.H...Halide solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)with high ionic conductivity and excellent compatibility with highvoltage oxide cathodes in all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)offer improved safety and cycling performance.However,the ionic conductivity of halide SSEs at room temperature(RT)and their stability against lithium(Li)metal anodes still require further enhancement.In this study,Li_(2+x)ZrCl_(6-x)S_(x)(0≤x≤1)SSEs,featuring two highly amorphous phases,are synthesized via an aliovalent sulfursubstitution strategy.Notably,a new phase(C2/m),distinct from Li_(2)ZrCl_(6)(LZC)(p3m1),is induced by modulating the sulfur substitution level for chlorine.Consequently,the crystallinity of the coexisting two-phase SSEs is significantly lower than that of the single-phase material.Owing to their highly amorphous nature,the ionic conductivity of Li_(2.25)ZrCl_(5.75)S_(0.25)(LZCS0.25)increases from 0.33 mS cm^(-1)(LZC)to0.97 mS cm^(-1)at RT.In addition,LZCS0.25 exhibits higher compressibility and lower reduction potential(1.78 V vs.2.34 V for LZC),and the Li/LZCS0.25/Li symmetric cell exhibits improved cycling stability.ASSLBs employing LZCS0.25 and LiCoO_(2) or single-crystal LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2) demonstrate high reversible specific capacity and excellent long-term cycling stability.This strategy for regulating the amorphous structure provides valuable guidance for the development of high-performance SSEs for ASSLBs.展开更多
Normally,a transparent inert film is coated on the surface of TiO_(2) particles to enhance the weatherability of the pigment.Liquid-phase coating process is mainly used in industry,which difficult to get really unifor...Normally,a transparent inert film is coated on the surface of TiO_(2) particles to enhance the weatherability of the pigment.Liquid-phase coating process is mainly used in industry,which difficult to get really uniform films.This work combining nanoparticle fluidization technology with atomic layer deposition(ALD) technology to achieve precise surface modification of a large number of micro-nano particles.First,we explored the fluidization characteristics of TiO_(2) nanoparticles in a home-made atmospheric fluidized bed ALD reactor(FB-ALD) to ensure the uniform fluidization of a large number of nanoparticles.Then TiCl_(4) and H_(2)O were used as precursors to deposit amorphous TiO_(2) films on the surface of TiO_(2) nanoparticles at 80℃ under atmospheric pressure,and the growth per cycle was about 0.109 nm per cycle.After 30 ALD cycles,the film thickness was about 3.1 nm,which could almost fully suppress the photocatalytic activity of TiO_(2).Compared with other traditional coating materials,amorphous TiO_(2) has higher light refractive index,and realizes the suppression of the photocatalytic activity of TiO_(2) without introducing other substances,demonstrating greater application potential in TiO_(2) pigment coating field.The process is a gas-phase coating method,which is efficient,no waste water,and easy to scale up.This work shown the excellent property of interface engineering in improving pigment weatherability and can also provide guidance for the nanoparticle surface modification.展开更多
The effective optimization of Zn anode/protective layer interface stability,underpinned by an in-depth exploration of durable protection mechanisms,is crucial for developing artificial protective layers in high-perfor...The effective optimization of Zn anode/protective layer interface stability,underpinned by an in-depth exploration of durable protection mechanisms,is crucial for developing artificial protective layers in high-performance aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).In this work,we present a self-regulating,continuous and dense amorphous Al_(2)O_(3-x)-2 layer(referred to as A-Al_(2)O_(3-x)-2 layer)with exceptional mechanical strength,achieved through core process control.Spectroscopic and theoretical studies reveal that the amorphous structure of Al_(2)O_(3-x)-2,featuring stable oxygen vacancies,significantly enhances Zn^(2+)transfer kinetics and promotes uniform distribution.This unique structure guides controlled Zn deposition along the(002)plane,facilitating stable cycling.Furthermore,the excellent mechanical strength of A-Al_(2)O_(3-x)-2@Zn is well maintained under extended cycling conditions,ensuring lasting interface integrity and durable protection.Under a challenging current density of 60 mA cm^(-2),the A-Al_(2)O_(3-x)-2@Zn symmetric cell demonstrates an impressive cycling lifespan of 9620 cycles.Furthermore,a full cell assembled with an A-Al_(2)O_(3-x)-2@Zn anode and an Al^(3+)-doped MnO_(2)cathode exhibits substantially improved cycling performance with 100% capacity retention after 900 cycles at 1 A g^(-1),underscoring the importance of the synergistic effects between anode and cathode materials in achieving long-life AZIBs,This work provides valuable insights into designing durable protective layers for Zn anodes in aqueous Zn-ion batteries.展开更多
Photocatalytic NO removal is regarded as an attractive strategy to reduce NO pollution in the air,but the lack of efficient and stable catalysts impedes its applications.Herein,we report on developing Ti_(3)C_(2)suppo...Photocatalytic NO removal is regarded as an attractive strategy to reduce NO pollution in the air,but the lack of efficient and stable catalysts impedes its applications.Herein,we report on developing Ti_(3)C_(2)supported on N-defective g-C_(3)N_(5)nanosheets(CN_(X)/TC)as an efficient photocatalyst toward NO removal.It is noteworthy that TC changed from crystal structure to amorphous structure during the photocatalytic process.Due to the existence of N vacancies and amorphous structure,the designed CN_(X)/TC composites possess abundant unsaturated sites for adsorption and activation of O_(2)and NO,thus facilitating the removal of NO and inhibiting the generation of NO_(2).The as-prepared CN_(X)/TC-2%shows the best activity for NO removal and inhibits toxic NO_(2)generation.The removal rate of NO is up to 48%,which is about 2 and 4 times higher than those of pure CN_(X)and CN,respectively.In addition,the in situ diffused reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the NO transfer pathway during the photocatalytic process.This work might provide new insights into the catalytic role of N-defect and amorphous,inspiring the rational design of catalysts in the field of photocatalytic NO removal.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21576122, 21646001, 21506080)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Nos. BK20150485, BK20170528)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M611727)Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds (1701104B)supported by the Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (201810299332 W)
文摘Supported ionic liquid(IL) catalysts [Cmim]PMoO/Am TiO(amorphous TiO) were synthesized through a one-step method for extraction coupled catalytic oxidative desulfurization(ECODS) system. Characterizations such as FTIR, DRS,wide-angle XRD, Nadsorption–desorption and XPS were applied to analyze the morphology and Keggin structure of the catalysts. In ECODS with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant, it was found that ILs with longer alkyl chains in the cationic moiety had a better effect on the removal of dibenzothiophene. The desulfurization could reach 100% under optimal conditions, and GC–MS analysis was employed to detect the oxidized product after the reaction. Factors affecting the desulfurization efficiencies were discussed, and a possible mechanism was proposed. In addition, cyclic experiments were also conducted to investigate the recyclability of the supported catalyst. The catalytic activity of [Cmim]PMoO/Am TiOonly dropped from 100% to 92.9% after ten cycles, demonstrating the good recycling performance of the catalyst and its potential industrial application.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51602179,21333006,21573135,11374190)the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2013CB632401)~~
文摘In this study,CuBi2O4 photocathodes were prepared using a simple electrodeposition method for photoelectrochemical(PEC)hydrogen production.The prepared photocathodes were modified with amorphous TiO2 and a Pt co‐catalyst,which resulted in the formation of CuBi2O4/TiO2 p‐n heterojunctions,and enhanced the activities of the as‐prepared photocathodes.The novel Pt/TiO2/CuBi2O4 photocathode exhibited a photocurrent of 0.35 mA/cm2 at 0.60 V vs.Reversible Hydrogen Electrode(RHE),which was nearly twice that of the Pt/CuBi2O4 photocathode.The present study provides a facile method for increasing the efficiency of photocathodes and provides meaningful guidance for the preparation of high‐performance CuBi2O4 photocathodes.
文摘Chrome-doped titanium oxide films were prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering method. The films deposited on glass slides at room temperature were investigated by atom force microscope, X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, the photoluminescence （PL） and ellipse polarization apparatus. The results indicate that TiO2-Cr film exists in the form of amorphous. The prepared films possess a band gap of less than 3.20 eV, and a new absorption peak. The films, irradiated for 5 h under UV light, exhibit excellent photocatalytic activities with the optimum decomposition rate at 98.5% for methylene blue. Consequently, the thickness threshold on these films is 114 nm, at which the rate of photodegradation is 95% in 5 h. When the thickness is over 114 nm, the rate of photodegradation becomes stable. This result is completely different from that of crystalloid TiO2 thin film.
基金supported by the Carbon Emission Peak and Neutrality of Jiangsu Province(BE2022031-4)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Key Program)(52131306,52122209,52403001)+1 种基金the Project on National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB2400400)the Cultivation Program for The Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of Nanjing Tech University。
文摘Sodium-ion hybrid capacitors(SICs)offer inherent energy-power synergy but are constrained by mismatched kinetics and life spans between the anode and cathode materials.Two-dimensional MoS_(2)@C composites demonstrate excellent kinetics and structural stability,thanks to the built-in electric field of the carbon heterostructure and its adaptability to volume changes.Yet,the carbon shell imposes a physical barrier to interfacial Na^(+)diffusion,while deep discharge induces the formation of crystalline Na_(2)S,accompanied by severe volumetric expansion and sluggish reversibility—factors that accelerate capacity fading and structural degradation.To address these challenges,a trace-level Ni doping strategy is introduced,enabling precise modulation of the composite's interlayer structure,electronic configuration,and reaction pathway.Ni incorporation expands the MoS_(2) interlayer spacing,reconstructs short-range ordered nanocrystals within a hierarchically porous network,and promotes Na^(+)diffusion by weakening interlayer van der Waals forces.Orbital hybridization between Ni-3d and Mo-4d/S-3p states enhances electronic conductivity and reduces charge transfer resistance.Critically,Ni doping enhances electron transfer from Ni to sulfur,which weakens Na–S bonds and promotes the formation of amorphous Na_(2)S,thereby suppressing crystalline Na_(2)S and enabling a reversible MoS_(2)/Na_(2)S conversion mechanism for improved structural stability and cycling performance.As a result,the optimized MoS_(2)-Ni@C anode delivers a high reversible capacity of 334 mAh g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1)with 68%retention after 10,000 cycles.When assembled into a SIC device(MoS_(2)-Ni@C//AC),it achieves an energy density of 135 Wh kg^(-1)at a power density of 60.8 kW kg^(-1)(based on anode mass),with 76%retention over 3,000 cycles.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Programs-Intergovernmental International Cooperation in Science and Technology Innovation Project(Grant No.2022YFE0118400)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2023JJ50132)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(Grants Nos.JCYJ20220818100211025,and KCXST20221021111616039)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.20231128110928003)。
文摘The introduction of two-dimensional(2D)perovskite layers on top of three-dimensional(3D)perovskite films enhances the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).However,the electronic effect of the spacer cation and the quality of the 2D capping layer are critical factors in achieving the required results.In this study,we compared two fluorinated salts:4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamidine hydrochloride(4TF-BA·HCl)and 4-fluorobenzamidine hydrochloride(4F-BA·HCl)to engineer the 3D/2D perovskite films.Surprisingly,4F-BA formed a high-performance 3D/2D heterojunction,while4TF-BA produced an amorphous layer on the perovskite films.Our findings indicate that the balanced intramolecular charge polarization,which leads to effective hydrogen bonding,is more favorable in 4F-BA than in 4TF-BA,promoting the formation of a crystalline 2D perovskite.Nevertheless,4TF-BA managed to improve efficiency to 24%,surpassing the control device,primarily due to the natural passivation capabilities of benzamidine.Interestingly,the devices based on 4F-BA demonstrated an efficiency exceeding 25%with greater longevity under various storage conditions compared to 4TF-BA-based and the control devices.
基金partially funded by EPSRC (EP/T022213/1, EP/W032260/1 and EP/P020194/1) via our membership of the UK’s HEC Materials Chemistry Consortium, which is funded by EPSRC (EP/L000202)part of the “Advancing Solid Interface and Lubricants by First Principles Material Design (SLIDE)” project that has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant agreement No. 865633)
文摘Amorphous materials represent a promising platform for advancing CO_(2)electrochemical reduction due to their inherently diverse coordination environments.In this study,we demonstrate computationally the superior performance of amorphous CuNi alloys for CO_(2)electrochemical reduction.By integrating machine learning forcefields for efficient structure generation and density functional theory for subsequent structural refinement and property calculations,we reveal the potential of these disordered systems to outperform their crystalline counterparts.Machine learning forcefields can generate a bulk structure containing a mixture of Cu and Ni atoms,resulting in enhanced catalytic performance.Effective screening of the amorphous surfaces is used to identify undercoordinated Cu and Ni sites in the amorphous structure to synergistically promote selective CO production and favor ethanol formation over ethylene via the stabilization of the*COCHO intermediate,resulting in significantly lower Gibbs free energy changes compared to the crystalline counterpart.The varying atomic coordination environments on amorphous surfaces promote both C–C bond formation and subsequent proton-electron transfer,leading to ethanol formation.These findings demonstrate the superior catalytic performance of amorphous CuNi,highlighting its potential for efficient and selective electroreduction of CO_(2).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22175136)the State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment(EIPE23127)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(xtr052024009).
文摘Metal hydrides with high hydrogen density provide promising hydrogen storage paths for hydrogen transportation.However,the requirement of highly pure H_(2)for re-hydrogenation limits its wide application.Here,amorphous Al_(2)O_(3)shells(10 nm)were deposited on the surface of highly active hydrogen storage material particles(MgH_(2)-ZrTi)by atomic layer deposition to obtain MgH_(2)-ZrTi@Al_(2)O_(3),which have been demonstrated to be air stable with selective adsorption of H_(2)under a hydrogen atmosphere with different impurities(CH_(4),O_(2),N_(2),and CO_(2)).About 4.79 wt% H_(2)was adsorbed by MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)at 75℃under 10%CH_(4)+90%H_(2)atmosphere within 3 h with no kinetic or density decay after 5 cycles(~100%capacity retention).Furthermore,about 4 wt%of H_(2)was absorbed by MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)under 0.1%O_(2)+0.4%N_(2)+99.5%H_(2)and 0.1%CO_(2)+0.4%N_(2)+99.5%H_(2)atmospheres at 100℃within 0.5 h,respectively,demonstrating the selective hydrogen absorption of MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)in both oxygen-containing and carbon dioxide-containing atmospheres hydrogen atmosphere.The absorption and desorption curves of MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)with and without absorption in pure hydrogen and then in 21%O_(2)+79%N_(2)for 1 h were found to overlap,further confirming the successful shielding effect of Al_(2)O_(3)shells against O_(2)and N_(2).The MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)has been demonstrated to be air stable and have excellent selective hydrogen absorption performance under the atmosphere with CH_(4),O_(2),N_(2),and CO_(2).
文摘Both the unsupported and supported NiB amorphous alloy catalysts (NiB and NiB/TiO2) were prepared by the chemical reduction method. Their catalytic activities were tested by the hydrogenation of sulfolene. The interactions between the NiB alloy and TiO2 were discussed for the first time by using XRD, ICP, SEM and TEM.
基金the NNSFC, RFDP, NSFTC and NNSFCTJ for the financial support (20003006, 2000005520, 99380171 and 031606211).
文摘A supported Ni-B/TiO2 amorphous catalyst was prepared by impregnation and reduction. It was characterized by XRD, SAED, DSC, XPS, etc.. The catalytic activity of catalyst was measured through the hydrogenation of heavy arenes in petrochemicals for the first time.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.043801311)
文摘A new supported amorphous catalyst CoP/TiO2 was prepared by chemical reduction and characterized by ICP, XRD, TEM, BET and DSC. Its application in decomposing PH3 to high purity phosphor and its catalytic activity were studied. The decomposition rate is over 95% at 450 ℃. For comparison, unsupported CoP amorphous catalyst was prepared by the same method. The result suggests that CoP/TiO2 exhibits higher thermal stability and catalytic activity than CoP, which is attributed to the high dispersion of CoP alloy particles on the support-TiO2.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0702001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22371268,22301287)+3 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2060000016)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2208085J09,2208085QB33)Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center,CAS(2022HSC-CIP020)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Science(2018494)and USTC Tang Scholar.
文摘The hydrazine oxidation reaction(HzOR)has garnered significant attention as a feasible approach to replace sluggish anodic reactions to save energy.Nevertheless,there are still difficulties in developing highly efficient catalysts for the HzOR.Herein,we report amorphous ruthenium nanosheets(a-Ru NSs)with a thickness of approximately 9.6 nm.As a superior bifunctional electrocatalyst,a-Ru NSs exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic performance toward both the HzOR and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),outperforming benchmark Pt/C catalysts,where the a-Ru NSs achieved a work-ing potential of merely-76 mV and a low overpotential of only 17 mV to attain a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2) for the HzOR and HER,respectively.Furthermore,a-Ru NSs displayed a low cell voltage of 28 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2) for overall hy-drazine splitting in a two-electrode electrolyzer.In situ Raman spectra revealed that the a-Ru NSs can efficiently promote N‒N bond cleavage,thereby producing more*NH_(2)and accelerating the progress of the reaction.
基金Research Project of Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(JCYJ20180306170801080)。
文摘Amorphous Ga_(2)O_(3)(a-Ga_(2)O_(3))thin films were prepared on flexible polyimide,rigid quartz glass,and Si substrates via radio frequency magnetron sputtering at room temperature.The effect of oxygen/Ar flow rate ratio on the structure,optical property,surface morphology,and chemical bonding properties of the a-Ga_(2)O_(3) films was investigated.Results show that the average optical transmittance of the a-Ga_(2)O_(3) films is over 80%within the wavelength range of 300-2000 nm.The extracted optical band gap of the a-Ga_(2)O_(3) films is increased from 4.97 eV to 5.13 eV with the increase in O_(2)/Ar flow rate ratio from 0 to 0.25,due to the decrease in concentration of oxygen vacancy defects in the film.Furthermore,the optical refractive index and surface roughness of the a-Ga_(2)O_(3) films are optimized when the O_(2)/Ar flow rate ratio reaches 0.25.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis also shows that the proportion of oxygen vacancies(VO)and Ga-O chemical bonds in the O 1s peak is gradually decreased with the increase in O_(2)/Ar flow rate ratio from 0 to 0.25,proving that increasing the O_(2)/Ar flow rate ratio during film growth can reduce the concentration of oxygen vacancy defects in a-Ga_(2)O_(3) films.In this case,a-Ga_(2)O_(3) with optimal properties can be obtained.This work provides a research basis for high-performance flexible and rigid deep ultraviolet solar-blind detection devices based on a-Ga_(2)O_(3) films.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52101138,No.52201075)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2023AFB798,No.2022CFB614)+3 种基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20220530160813032)the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in NWPU(No.SKLSP202309,No.SKLSP202308)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2022A1515011227)the State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy of Central South University(No.SklpmKF-05)。
文摘B2-CuZr phase reinforced amorphous alloy matrix composites has become one of the research hotspots in the field of materials science due to the“transformation-induced plasticity”phenomenon,which makes the composites show better macroscopic plastic deformability and obvious work-hardening behavior compared to the conventional amorphous alloy matrix composites reinforced with ductile phases.However,the in-situ metastable B2-CuZr phase tends to undergo eutectoid decomposition during solidification,and the volume fraction,size,and distribution of B2-CuZr phase are difficult to control,which limits the development and application of these materials.To date,much efforts have been made to solve the above problems through composition optimization,casting parameter tailoring,and post-processing technique.In this study,a review was given based on relevant studies,focusing on the predictive approach,reinforcing mechanism,and microstructure tailoring methods of B2-CuZr phase reinforced amorphous alloy matrix composites.The research focus and future prospects were also given for the future development of the present composite system.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52472105,52272246,and 12074015)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2024YFHZ0309 and 2023NSFSC1596)the State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials(No.20232509).
文摘Compositing a secondary phase in Ag_(2)Se can usually tune the electron and phonon scattering to improve the thermoelectric performance.However,the intrinsically high carrier concentration still limits the performance optimization.Here,we employ a modulation decoration strategy to simultaneously achieve submicron-scale constituents and compositional modification for synergistic optimization of thermoelectric properties.Amorphous nano Sb_(2)S_(3) has been decorated on the surface of Ag_(2)Se powders,and S was added into the Ag_(2)Se matrix through an ion exchange reaction accompanied by the formation of a crystal/amorphous mixed secondary phase of Sb_(2)(S,Se)_(3).The S doping reduced the excessive intrinsic carrier concentration,leading to modified electrical transport properties and significantly reduced electrical thermal conductivity.On the other hand,introducing the S dopants and the crystal/amorphous interfaces into the Ag_(2)Se matrix could increase the lattice anharmonicity,further contributing to the reduced thermal conductivity.Consequently,the Ag_(2)Se-0.4%Sb_(2)S_(3) sample obtains a high average zT value of>1 in the temperature range of 300–390 K.In addition,the maximum cooling temperature difference of over 85 K can be predicted in an Ag_(2)Se/Ag_(2)Se-0.4%Sb_(2)S_(3) segregated module at the hot side temperature of 350 K.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51762021)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi province(Nos.20224ACB204008,20242BAB25223,and 20242BAB25248)the Special Funding Program for Graduate Student Innovation of Jiangxi Province(No.YC2024-S594)。
文摘Optimizing the interfacial environments of electrodes has emerged as an effective strategy to improve their electrochemical properties.Amorphous/crystalline interfacial coupling can effectively utilize the advantages of amorphous materials to optimize the interfacial structure for efficient Na^(+)storage.Herein,the dense homologous amorphous/crystalline heterointerfaces are in situ achieved in N-doped carbon nanobundles via self-polymerization and precise nitriding(Mo–N/Mo_(2)N@C).The amorphous Mo–N rich in unsaturated vacancy defects provides abundant active sites with isotropic ion-transport channels,and can effectively alleviate structural stress from crystalline Mo_(2)N.Meanwhile,the conductive Mo_(2)N can facilitate effective electron transfer,augmented further by the carbon encapsulation.Theoretical calculations reveal that the dense heterointerfaces can optimize the electronic structure and shift the d-p orbital centers of Mo and N upward,thereby enhancing the adsorption and mobility of Na^(+),and ultimately improving the charge transport and storage efficiency of the electrode.The Mo–N/Mo_(2)N@C as an anode delivers a 46.9%increase in reversible capacity over Mo_(2)N@C,reaching 461.1 m Ah.g^(–1)at 0.1 A.g^(–1),along with improved rate capability and cycling stability,underlining its practical utility.These results suggest that the homologous interfacial coupling can boost the storage properties of nitrides,providing a valuable reference for improving the properties of electrodes with low theoretical capacities.
文摘Halide solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)with high ionic conductivity and excellent compatibility with highvoltage oxide cathodes in all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)offer improved safety and cycling performance.However,the ionic conductivity of halide SSEs at room temperature(RT)and their stability against lithium(Li)metal anodes still require further enhancement.In this study,Li_(2+x)ZrCl_(6-x)S_(x)(0≤x≤1)SSEs,featuring two highly amorphous phases,are synthesized via an aliovalent sulfursubstitution strategy.Notably,a new phase(C2/m),distinct from Li_(2)ZrCl_(6)(LZC)(p3m1),is induced by modulating the sulfur substitution level for chlorine.Consequently,the crystallinity of the coexisting two-phase SSEs is significantly lower than that of the single-phase material.Owing to their highly amorphous nature,the ionic conductivity of Li_(2.25)ZrCl_(5.75)S_(0.25)(LZCS0.25)increases from 0.33 mS cm^(-1)(LZC)to0.97 mS cm^(-1)at RT.In addition,LZCS0.25 exhibits higher compressibility and lower reduction potential(1.78 V vs.2.34 V for LZC),and the Li/LZCS0.25/Li symmetric cell exhibits improved cycling stability.ASSLBs employing LZCS0.25 and LiCoO_(2) or single-crystal LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2) demonstrate high reversible specific capacity and excellent long-term cycling stability.This strategy for regulating the amorphous structure provides valuable guidance for the development of high-performance SSEs for ASSLBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21808214)Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2023-126)Fund Program for the Scientific Activities of Selected Returned Overseas Professionals in Shanxi Province(20220013)。
文摘Normally,a transparent inert film is coated on the surface of TiO_(2) particles to enhance the weatherability of the pigment.Liquid-phase coating process is mainly used in industry,which difficult to get really uniform films.This work combining nanoparticle fluidization technology with atomic layer deposition(ALD) technology to achieve precise surface modification of a large number of micro-nano particles.First,we explored the fluidization characteristics of TiO_(2) nanoparticles in a home-made atmospheric fluidized bed ALD reactor(FB-ALD) to ensure the uniform fluidization of a large number of nanoparticles.Then TiCl_(4) and H_(2)O were used as precursors to deposit amorphous TiO_(2) films on the surface of TiO_(2) nanoparticles at 80℃ under atmospheric pressure,and the growth per cycle was about 0.109 nm per cycle.After 30 ALD cycles,the film thickness was about 3.1 nm,which could almost fully suppress the photocatalytic activity of TiO_(2).Compared with other traditional coating materials,amorphous TiO_(2) has higher light refractive index,and realizes the suppression of the photocatalytic activity of TiO_(2) without introducing other substances,demonstrating greater application potential in TiO_(2) pigment coating field.The process is a gas-phase coating method,which is efficient,no waste water,and easy to scale up.This work shown the excellent property of interface engineering in improving pigment weatherability and can also provide guidance for the nanoparticle surface modification.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42377487,42307582)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515110477,2022B1515120019)Support Project of Guangzhou Association for Science and Technology(QT2024-07)。
文摘The effective optimization of Zn anode/protective layer interface stability,underpinned by an in-depth exploration of durable protection mechanisms,is crucial for developing artificial protective layers in high-performance aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).In this work,we present a self-regulating,continuous and dense amorphous Al_(2)O_(3-x)-2 layer(referred to as A-Al_(2)O_(3-x)-2 layer)with exceptional mechanical strength,achieved through core process control.Spectroscopic and theoretical studies reveal that the amorphous structure of Al_(2)O_(3-x)-2,featuring stable oxygen vacancies,significantly enhances Zn^(2+)transfer kinetics and promotes uniform distribution.This unique structure guides controlled Zn deposition along the(002)plane,facilitating stable cycling.Furthermore,the excellent mechanical strength of A-Al_(2)O_(3-x)-2@Zn is well maintained under extended cycling conditions,ensuring lasting interface integrity and durable protection.Under a challenging current density of 60 mA cm^(-2),the A-Al_(2)O_(3-x)-2@Zn symmetric cell demonstrates an impressive cycling lifespan of 9620 cycles.Furthermore,a full cell assembled with an A-Al_(2)O_(3-x)-2@Zn anode and an Al^(3+)-doped MnO_(2)cathode exhibits substantially improved cycling performance with 100% capacity retention after 900 cycles at 1 A g^(-1),underscoring the importance of the synergistic effects between anode and cathode materials in achieving long-life AZIBs,This work provides valuable insights into designing durable protective layers for Zn anodes in aqueous Zn-ion batteries.
基金the support from the Scientific Research Program Funded by Education Department of Shaanxi Provincial Government(No.23JP011)Guangzhou Fundamental Research Program(No.2023A04J0697)the scientific research startup fund of Shaanxi University of Science and Technology。
文摘Photocatalytic NO removal is regarded as an attractive strategy to reduce NO pollution in the air,but the lack of efficient and stable catalysts impedes its applications.Herein,we report on developing Ti_(3)C_(2)supported on N-defective g-C_(3)N_(5)nanosheets(CN_(X)/TC)as an efficient photocatalyst toward NO removal.It is noteworthy that TC changed from crystal structure to amorphous structure during the photocatalytic process.Due to the existence of N vacancies and amorphous structure,the designed CN_(X)/TC composites possess abundant unsaturated sites for adsorption and activation of O_(2)and NO,thus facilitating the removal of NO and inhibiting the generation of NO_(2).The as-prepared CN_(X)/TC-2%shows the best activity for NO removal and inhibits toxic NO_(2)generation.The removal rate of NO is up to 48%,which is about 2 and 4 times higher than those of pure CN_(X)and CN,respectively.In addition,the in situ diffused reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the NO transfer pathway during the photocatalytic process.This work might provide new insights into the catalytic role of N-defect and amorphous,inspiring the rational design of catalysts in the field of photocatalytic NO removal.
