This study investigates the compatibility and efficacy of combining ammonium molybdate(AM)with antagonistic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10W10 and Pseudomonas sp.B11W11 for brown rot control(Monilinia laxa).In...This study investigates the compatibility and efficacy of combining ammonium molybdate(AM)with antagonistic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10W10 and Pseudomonas sp.B11W11 for brown rot control(Monilinia laxa).In vitro experiments reveal variable mycelial growth inhibition rates compared to untreated controls,with B11W11+0.5%AM and B10W10+2%AM displaying the highest inhibition rates after 5 days.After 10 days,the 2%AM+B10W10 combination exhibits the highest inhibition rate.Microscopic observations show structural alterations in mycelium within inhibition zones,marked by vacuolization.The antagonistic bacteria,alone or with different ammonium molybdate concentrations,significantly impact M.laxa spore germination,with the B10W10 cell filtrate+2%ammonium molybdate combination achieving the most substantial inhibition.Conversely,the 0.5%ammonium molybdate treatment has the lowest inhibition rate while the combination of AM and bacteria is giving better results compared to the use of bacteria alone.Fruits treated with various antagonistic bacteria and ammonium molybdate combinations demonstrate a significant reduction in disease severity.The 0.5%AM+B10W10 combination exhibits the lowest severity.FT-IR spectra analysis identifies shifts in fungal biomass functional groups,with reduced lignin-related bands and increased phenols,lipids,polysaccharides,and carbohydrates.This highlights the structural modifications caused by the biological treatments.The study also evaluates the effects on fruit quality parameters.The 2%ammonium molybdate treatment yields the lowest weight loss.TSS levels are affected by salt concentration,while acid content remains consistent across treatments.All treatments influence fruit firmness compared to controls.These findings emphasize the potential of combining ammonium molybdate and antagonistic bacteria for effective brown rot control,highlighting their compatibility and effects on disease severity,fungal biomass,spore germination,and fruit quality.展开更多
The effect of the ammonium molybdate concentration on the material removal rate（MRR） and surface quality in the preliminary chemical mechanical polishing（CMP） of a rough glass substrate was investigated using a si...The effect of the ammonium molybdate concentration on the material removal rate（MRR） and surface quality in the preliminary chemical mechanical polishing（CMP） of a rough glass substrate was investigated using a silica-based slurry.Experimental results reveal that the ammonium molybdate concentration has a strong influence on the CMP behaviors of glass substrates.When the ammonium molybdate was added to the baseline slurry,polishing rates increased,and then decreased with a transition at 2 wt.%,and the root mean square（RMS） roughness decreased with increasing ammonium molybdate concentration up to 2 wt.%,after which it increased linearly up to 4 wt.%.The improvement in MRR and RMS roughness may be attributed to the complexation of hydrolysis products of the glass substrate with the ammonium molybdate so as to prevent their redeposition onto the substrate surface.It was found that there exists an optimal ammonium molybdate concentration at 2 wt.%for obtaining the highest MRR and the lowest RMS roughness within a particular polishing time.展开更多
This paper reports a sustainable,water-assisted,solid-state method for synthesizing ammonium nickel molybdate（（NH4）HNi2（OH）2（MoO4）2,ANM）,a precursor for an unsupported hydrodesulfurization（HDS） catalyst.The ...This paper reports a sustainable,water-assisted,solid-state method for synthesizing ammonium nickel molybdate（（NH4）HNi2（OH）2（MoO4）2,ANM）,a precursor for an unsupported hydrodesulfurization（HDS） catalyst.The associated ANM formation mechanism is also discussed.The synthesis route consists of physical mixing of the raw materials,water-assisted grinding and heating.The formation mechanism involves replacement of a Mo atom by a Ni atom,generating the metastable intermediate（NH4）4（NiH6Mo6O（24））·5H2O.Heating of this intermediate at 120 ℃ removes the added water and produces ANM.Catalysts prepared by this method exhibit almost the same physicochemical properties and catalytic performance during the HDS of dibenzothiophene as materials made from ANM synthesized by a chemical precipitation procedure.Compared with traditional hydrothermal or chemical precipitation methods,this water-assisted,solid-state synthesis provides several significant advantages,including simplifying the synthetic procedure,reducing waste and energy costs and increasing product yields.These features will be highly important with regard to allowing the application of ANM in industrial-scale processes involving HDS reactions.This water-assisted,solid-state strategy can also be extended to the synthesis of isomorphous compounds such as ammonium cobalt（zinc and copper） molybdate.展开更多
Drought stress negatively impacts agricultural crop yields.By using mineral fertilizers and chemical regulators to encourage plant development and growth,its impact can be mitigated.The current study revealed that exo...Drought stress negatively impacts agricultural crop yields.By using mineral fertilizers and chemical regulators to encourage plant development and growth,its impact can be mitigated.The current study revealed that exogenous silicon(Si)(potassium silicate;K2Si2O5 at 1000 ppm)and molybdenum(Mo)(ammonium molybdate;(NH4)6Mo7O24•4H2O at 100 ppm)improved drought tolerance in quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa Willd).The research was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three biological replicates.The treatments comprised T0(control,water spray),T4(drought stress),and T1,T2,T3,T5,T6,and T7,i.e.,foliar applications of silicon and molybdenum solutions individually and in combination.Results revealed that drought stress predominantly affected the quinoa yield by decreasing the growth,physiological,biochemical,metabolic,hormonal,antioxidant,and ionic attributes.On the contrary,the supplementation of Si and Mo enhanced the growth attributes(shoot,panicle,and root length,No.of leaves per plant,shoot and panicle fresh/dry weight,root fresh/dry weight,No.of seeds and seeds fresh weight per plant),physiological traits(relative water content,chlorophyll,and carotenoids content),biochemical characteristics(total soluble sugars,protein and lipid content),metabolic attributes(total phenolic,flavonoids,tannins,lycopene,carotene),hormonal contents(indoleacetic acid(IAA),gibberellic acid(GA),salicylic acid(SA)),enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants(catalase,peroxidase and ascorbic acid),and ionic content(potassium(K),(calcium)Ca,(magnesium)Mg,Si and Mo).Under drought stress,Si and Mo reduced electrolyte leakage,abscisic acid(ABA)content,H_(2)O_(2) production,and sodium uptake.In addition,combined Si and Mo supplementation elevated the expression of the sucrose non-fermenting 1(SNF1)-associated protein kinase 2(SnRK2)(CqSNRK2.10)gene in quinoa under drought stress vs.control,signifying an essential regulatory function for Si and Mo-induced drought stress tolerance.These results imply that the exogenous administration of Si and Mo in combination might be an efficient method to alleviate drought stress on quinoa.展开更多
[ Objective] This study aimed to optimize the extraction conditions of high-activity phytase from triticale. [ Method] Food and forage triticale 209 was used as an experimental material to investigate the optimal extr...[ Objective] This study aimed to optimize the extraction conditions of high-activity phytase from triticale. [ Method] Food and forage triticale 209 was used as an experimental material to investigate the optimal extraction conditions, including pH, solid-liquid ratio, extraction duration and active agent concentra- tion. The extracted phytase was purified with salting-out concentration method for SDS-PAGE eIectrophoresis Total protein content was measured using Bradford method; phytase activity was measured using vanadium ammonium molybdate method in accordance with the national standard GB/T 18634 -2009. [ Result] Phytase activity reached the highest under extraction conditions of pH 5.0, solid-liquid ratio 10, room temperature, shaking speed 200 r/min and shaking duration 1 h, without addition of active agems. [ Condusion] This study improved the extraction technology of phytase from wheat plants and was suitable for practical ap- plication.展开更多
基金supported by the Phytopathology Unit of the Department of Plant Protection(ENA-Meknes,Morocco).
文摘This study investigates the compatibility and efficacy of combining ammonium molybdate(AM)with antagonistic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10W10 and Pseudomonas sp.B11W11 for brown rot control(Monilinia laxa).In vitro experiments reveal variable mycelial growth inhibition rates compared to untreated controls,with B11W11+0.5%AM and B10W10+2%AM displaying the highest inhibition rates after 5 days.After 10 days,the 2%AM+B10W10 combination exhibits the highest inhibition rate.Microscopic observations show structural alterations in mycelium within inhibition zones,marked by vacuolization.The antagonistic bacteria,alone or with different ammonium molybdate concentrations,significantly impact M.laxa spore germination,with the B10W10 cell filtrate+2%ammonium molybdate combination achieving the most substantial inhibition.Conversely,the 0.5%ammonium molybdate treatment has the lowest inhibition rate while the combination of AM and bacteria is giving better results compared to the use of bacteria alone.Fruits treated with various antagonistic bacteria and ammonium molybdate combinations demonstrate a significant reduction in disease severity.The 0.5%AM+B10W10 combination exhibits the lowest severity.FT-IR spectra analysis identifies shifts in fungal biomass functional groups,with reduced lignin-related bands and increased phenols,lipids,polysaccharides,and carbohydrates.This highlights the structural modifications caused by the biological treatments.The study also evaluates the effects on fruit quality parameters.The 2%ammonium molybdate treatment yields the lowest weight loss.TSS levels are affected by salt concentration,while acid content remains consistent across treatments.All treatments influence fruit firmness compared to controls.These findings emphasize the potential of combining ammonium molybdate and antagonistic bacteria for effective brown rot control,highlighting their compatibility and effects on disease severity,fungal biomass,spore germination,and fruit quality.
基金Project supported by the National Integrated Circuit Research Program of China(No.2009ZX02030-001)the Science and Technology Council of Shanghai,China(Nos.08111100300,08111100303,0952nm00200)+2 种基金the Shanghai Rising Star Program of China (No.07QH14017)the National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2007CB935400,2010CB934300,2006CB302700)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2008AA031402)
文摘The effect of the ammonium molybdate concentration on the material removal rate（MRR） and surface quality in the preliminary chemical mechanical polishing（CMP） of a rough glass substrate was investigated using a silica-based slurry.Experimental results reveal that the ammonium molybdate concentration has a strong influence on the CMP behaviors of glass substrates.When the ammonium molybdate was added to the baseline slurry,polishing rates increased,and then decreased with a transition at 2 wt.%,and the root mean square（RMS） roughness decreased with increasing ammonium molybdate concentration up to 2 wt.%,after which it increased linearly up to 4 wt.%.The improvement in MRR and RMS roughness may be attributed to the complexation of hydrolysis products of the glass substrate with the ammonium molybdate so as to prevent their redeposition onto the substrate surface.It was found that there exists an optimal ammonium molybdate concentration at 2 wt.%for obtaining the highest MRR and the lowest RMS roughness within a particular polishing time.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fundation of China(U1162203,21106185)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(15CX02023A,15CX06051A)Financial support from Petro China Corporation Limited~~
文摘This paper reports a sustainable,water-assisted,solid-state method for synthesizing ammonium nickel molybdate（（NH4）HNi2（OH）2（MoO4）2,ANM）,a precursor for an unsupported hydrodesulfurization（HDS） catalyst.The associated ANM formation mechanism is also discussed.The synthesis route consists of physical mixing of the raw materials,water-assisted grinding and heating.The formation mechanism involves replacement of a Mo atom by a Ni atom,generating the metastable intermediate（NH4）4（NiH6Mo6O（24））·5H2O.Heating of this intermediate at 120 ℃ removes the added water and produces ANM.Catalysts prepared by this method exhibit almost the same physicochemical properties and catalytic performance during the HDS of dibenzothiophene as materials made from ANM synthesized by a chemical precipitation procedure.Compared with traditional hydrothermal or chemical precipitation methods,this water-assisted,solid-state synthesis provides several significant advantages,including simplifying the synthetic procedure,reducing waste and energy costs and increasing product yields.These features will be highly important with regard to allowing the application of ANM in industrial-scale processes involving HDS reactions.This water-assisted,solid-state strategy can also be extended to the synthesis of isomorphous compounds such as ammonium cobalt（zinc and copper） molybdate.
基金the Researchers Supporting Project No.RSP2024R191,King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabiasupported by the IFS-International Foundation for Science,Stockholm,Sweden(C/5895-1).
文摘Drought stress negatively impacts agricultural crop yields.By using mineral fertilizers and chemical regulators to encourage plant development and growth,its impact can be mitigated.The current study revealed that exogenous silicon(Si)(potassium silicate;K2Si2O5 at 1000 ppm)and molybdenum(Mo)(ammonium molybdate;(NH4)6Mo7O24•4H2O at 100 ppm)improved drought tolerance in quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa Willd).The research was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three biological replicates.The treatments comprised T0(control,water spray),T4(drought stress),and T1,T2,T3,T5,T6,and T7,i.e.,foliar applications of silicon and molybdenum solutions individually and in combination.Results revealed that drought stress predominantly affected the quinoa yield by decreasing the growth,physiological,biochemical,metabolic,hormonal,antioxidant,and ionic attributes.On the contrary,the supplementation of Si and Mo enhanced the growth attributes(shoot,panicle,and root length,No.of leaves per plant,shoot and panicle fresh/dry weight,root fresh/dry weight,No.of seeds and seeds fresh weight per plant),physiological traits(relative water content,chlorophyll,and carotenoids content),biochemical characteristics(total soluble sugars,protein and lipid content),metabolic attributes(total phenolic,flavonoids,tannins,lycopene,carotene),hormonal contents(indoleacetic acid(IAA),gibberellic acid(GA),salicylic acid(SA)),enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants(catalase,peroxidase and ascorbic acid),and ionic content(potassium(K),(calcium)Ca,(magnesium)Mg,Si and Mo).Under drought stress,Si and Mo reduced electrolyte leakage,abscisic acid(ABA)content,H_(2)O_(2) production,and sodium uptake.In addition,combined Si and Mo supplementation elevated the expression of the sucrose non-fermenting 1(SNF1)-associated protein kinase 2(SnRK2)(CqSNRK2.10)gene in quinoa under drought stress vs.control,signifying an essential regulatory function for Si and Mo-induced drought stress tolerance.These results imply that the exogenous administration of Si and Mo in combination might be an efficient method to alleviate drought stress on quinoa.
基金Supported by Doctoral Scientific Research Start-up Fund of Harbin Normal University "Molecular Genetic Research of Black-grain Wheat Pigment"(08XBSK87)
文摘[ Objective] This study aimed to optimize the extraction conditions of high-activity phytase from triticale. [ Method] Food and forage triticale 209 was used as an experimental material to investigate the optimal extraction conditions, including pH, solid-liquid ratio, extraction duration and active agent concentra- tion. The extracted phytase was purified with salting-out concentration method for SDS-PAGE eIectrophoresis Total protein content was measured using Bradford method; phytase activity was measured using vanadium ammonium molybdate method in accordance with the national standard GB/T 18634 -2009. [ Result] Phytase activity reached the highest under extraction conditions of pH 5.0, solid-liquid ratio 10, room temperature, shaking speed 200 r/min and shaking duration 1 h, without addition of active agems. [ Condusion] This study improved the extraction technology of phytase from wheat plants and was suitable for practical ap- plication.
