The E_(s) layer is a thin layer that concentrates metallic ions in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere(MLT)region.When it occurs,it can affect the performance of the Global Navigation Satellite System and high/very ...The E_(s) layer is a thin layer that concentrates metallic ions in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere(MLT)region.When it occurs,it can affect the performance of the Global Navigation Satellite System and high/very high frequency(HF/VHF)radio communications.Previous studies mainly focused on the one-dimensional structure of E_(s) layer in the vertical direction.However,due to the limitation of observations,the horizontal structure of E_(s) layers is not yet fully understood.This study investigated the horizontal structure of E_(s) layers using amateur radio data in the European sector during the summer of 2020.Statistical analysis shows that the horizontal structure of E_(s) layer is mainly elongated in the east-west direction.In addition,we investigated the dynamics of the E_(s) layers,which primarily propagates in the northeast-southwest direction with a speed of 50-200 m/s.The results provide us a way for obtaining the horizontal structure and dynamic features of E_(s) layers,which can help improve our understanding of the formation and evolution of E_(s) layers.展开更多
The athletic component in football is nowadays one of the most important factor to determinate the performance. This consideration is part of our study, which aims to evaluate and quantify the difference between the w...The athletic component in football is nowadays one of the most important factor to determinate the performance. This consideration is part of our study, which aims to evaluate and quantify the difference between the workload of an amateur footballer and an elite one. All this is allowed by match analysis made by GPS evaluation method for amateur and video tracking for elite. The examined teams were playing in 7th Italian league, and we used 10 GPS to track 6 games, 5 for each team. For every team and every game were analysed a forward, a central midfielder, a wide midfielder, a central defender and a full back （Age 25.3 ＋ 4.2, Weight 74.5 Kg a： 5.3, Height 1.76 cm ＋ 5.2）. In our study, we used a 20 Hz GPS （thanks to Advanced Research Group in Sport, School of Health and Sport Science with K-Sport Universal, Italy） to detect performance data, and then we compared the outcome with matches performance data from elite players gather from scientific literature. Data analysis shows that elite players reach higher values in almost all parameters taken into account. In particular, they obtained higher value in meters per minutes, High Speed Distance （〉 16 Km/h）, High Metabolic Power Distance （〉 20 W/Kg） and in high and very high and acceleration （2 m/s, 3 m/s, 〉 3 m/s） and deceleration （-2 m/s, -3 m/s, 〉 -3 m/s）. This study can be useful to select and catalogue player performance model, in order to better understand the real value of a player, and to help coaches and teams to identify talent, at least in physical values.展开更多
Objective: The research was carried out to test the influence of adaptation to passive whole body hyperthermia (PH) on physical capacity and cardio-respiratory efficiency in men-amateur athletes under the testing load...Objective: The research was carried out to test the influence of adaptation to passive whole body hyperthermia (PH) on physical capacity and cardio-respiratory efficiency in men-amateur athletes under the testing load of increasing intensity in laboratory thermal-neutral conditions. Twenty-eight amateur athletes (males, mean age 20.2 ± 2.1 y.o., game-based kinds of sports—football, handball, training experience—4 - 7 years) were randomized into two groups: experimental (14 people), who underwent 24 PH procedures, and control (14 people), who underwent 24 light training sessions in interval regime on elliptical gym apparatus. Results: Adaptation to PH was accompanied by moderate increase of aerobic efficiency and cardio-respiratory endurance in amateur athletes under thermally neutral conditions, while interval training in the control group showed no reliable changes in efficiency. Conclusion: A 10-week course of PH procedures leads to the increase of peak oxygen consumption, oxygen consumption at the level of anaerobic threshold, and heart efficiency (enhancement of oxygen pulse values), as well as efficiency of pulmonary ventilation and bronchial conductance, which we consider to be cross effects of adaptation to passive whole-body repetitive hyperthermia.展开更多
Based on the characteristics of physiological development of China's juvenile men sprinters,combined with the training mechanism of explosive force,and taking the track- and- field team of Jianshan High School in ...Based on the characteristics of physiological development of China's juvenile men sprinters,combined with the training mechanism of explosive force,and taking the track- and- field team of Jianshan High School in Chongqing as experimental object,this article selects the combination of one leg training methods and the combination of two legs training methods to carry out group control experiment. The result shows: each index score of the two groups of athletes is improved after training,but the characteristics of employing forces and the way of muscle work in one leg jumping exercises such as the one leg jump and step are much closer to sprint techniques. And using this kind of methods can effectively develop the special quality of juvenile sprinter.展开更多
Ability to accelerate, decelerate, recover and sprint again, is a crucial ability for team sports, athletes are forced in repeatingthis actions several times during matches. The objective parameters that influence res...Ability to accelerate, decelerate, recover and sprint again, is a crucial ability for team sports, athletes are forced in repeatingthis actions several times during matches. The objective parameters that influence resistance to sprints are their duration and recovery.The aim of this study was to analyze performance of young under 18 football players on high intensity running thresholds with the useof GPS 20 Hz （K-Sport Universal, Montelabbate, Italy）. We have analyzed three football matches of Marche Amateur under 18Championship （Italy） during 2017 season, using 10 GPS, one for each players except the goalkeeper. In order to better define a moreaccurate PPM （players performance model）, the players that have been substituted were removed from analysis, using only data fromfull match to build database. Total of detection is 26, with an average of 8.6 players for match divided by role. Our result according withliterature shows that in total distance, the role that obtained higher value was external midfielder and forward traveled more distance insprint.展开更多
1 With no famous coaches and only a small number of professional players,an amateur soccer league in Jiangsu Province has caught people's attention,mostly because of local fans'great passion and humorous talk.
目的基于T2^(*)mapping定量分析业余马拉松运动员足踝部关节软骨的T2^(*)值,并分析其与性别、年龄、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、跑龄、跑量之间的相关性。材料与方法于2023年7月份至2023年9月份招募重庆市长跑运动爱好者48名,...目的基于T2^(*)mapping定量分析业余马拉松运动员足踝部关节软骨的T2^(*)值,并分析其与性别、年龄、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、跑龄、跑量之间的相关性。材料与方法于2023年7月份至2023年9月份招募重庆市长跑运动爱好者48名,其中跑量<300 km/月的36例(中低跑量组),跑量≥300 km/月的12例(高跑量组)。所有受试者均进行单侧无症状踝关节的MRI扫描,扫描序列包括T2^(*)mapping多回波自旋回波(spin echo,SE)序列矢状位、质子密度加权成像脂肪抑制(proton density-weighted imaging fat-saturated,PDWI-FS)序列矢状位、冠状位、横轴位以及T1加权脂肪抑制成像(T1-weighted imaging fat-saturated,T1WI-FS)序列横轴位。沿关节软骨轮廓边缘勾画距骨穹窿、跟骰关节跟骨面、骰骨面及后距下关节跟骨面、距骨面软骨作为感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI),获得相应的T2^(*)值。采用线性回归分析软骨T2^(*)值与年龄、BMI、跑龄的相关性,采用独立样本t检验分析不同跑量及不同性别间的软骨T2^(*)值差异。结果(1)距骨穹窿、跟骰关节跟骨面及骰骨面、后距下关节跟骨面及距骨面软骨T2^(*)值在性别上的差异均具有统计学意义(P=0.001、P<0.001、P=0.002、P=0.008、P=0.004);(2)高跑量组的距骨穹窿、后距下关节跟骨面软骨T2^(*)值高于中低跑量组(P=0.014、0.023),不同跑量的跟骰关节跟骨面及骰骨面、后距下关节距骨面软骨T2^(*)值的差异均无统计学意义(P=0.987、0.072、0.724);(3)距骨穹窿、跟骰关节跟骨面及骰骨面、后距下关节跟骨面、距骨面软骨T2^(*)值均与BMI呈正相关(r=0.376、0.384、0.300、0.422、0.455,P=0.005、0.004、0.019、0.001、0.001)。结论在业余马拉松运动员这一跑步群体中,与中低跑量相比,高跑量更有可能导致距骨穹窿、后距下关节跟骨面软骨损伤;而与较低的BMI相比,高BMI增加了距骨穹窿、跟骰关节跟骨面、骰骨面及后距下关节跟骨面、距骨面软骨损伤的风险。展开更多
This article theorises the local world as a conceptual scaffold for future conservation and regeneration.It aims to catalyse a theoretical dialogue across the East and West to understand how ordinary places and lifewo...This article theorises the local world as a conceptual scaffold for future conservation and regeneration.It aims to catalyse a theoretical dialogue across the East and West to understand how ordinary places and lifeworlds are preserved,reproduced,and possibly reimagined.The local worlds discussed herein are conceptualised as the worlds of many,the worlds of relating,the worlds of structuring and the worlds of becoming.These four cardinal points present a source of open-endedness and futurity for contemporary architectural reinterpretation.The current article examines the characterisation of the Wen village conservation and regeneration project,led by the Amateur Architecture Studio in Zhejiang Province of China(2012–2016),as an architectural reimagination of local worlds,with a strong sensitivity to the ordinary places and lifeworlds of rural China and juxtapositions of new local worlds within old worlds.By piecing together the flows and fragments of the architectural process,this article shows how locally situated designs and dynamics have shaped the project in both its formation and afterlife,both ethically and contemporarily.Using close readings of popular and oral accounts from both architect’s and users’perspectives,this article extends the case study by broadening theoretical conversations about contemporary architecture’s capacity to reimagine local worlds.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42230207,42104165).
文摘The E_(s) layer is a thin layer that concentrates metallic ions in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere(MLT)region.When it occurs,it can affect the performance of the Global Navigation Satellite System and high/very high frequency(HF/VHF)radio communications.Previous studies mainly focused on the one-dimensional structure of E_(s) layer in the vertical direction.However,due to the limitation of observations,the horizontal structure of E_(s) layers is not yet fully understood.This study investigated the horizontal structure of E_(s) layers using amateur radio data in the European sector during the summer of 2020.Statistical analysis shows that the horizontal structure of E_(s) layer is mainly elongated in the east-west direction.In addition,we investigated the dynamics of the E_(s) layers,which primarily propagates in the northeast-southwest direction with a speed of 50-200 m/s.The results provide us a way for obtaining the horizontal structure and dynamic features of E_(s) layers,which can help improve our understanding of the formation and evolution of E_(s) layers.
文摘The athletic component in football is nowadays one of the most important factor to determinate the performance. This consideration is part of our study, which aims to evaluate and quantify the difference between the workload of an amateur footballer and an elite one. All this is allowed by match analysis made by GPS evaluation method for amateur and video tracking for elite. The examined teams were playing in 7th Italian league, and we used 10 GPS to track 6 games, 5 for each team. For every team and every game were analysed a forward, a central midfielder, a wide midfielder, a central defender and a full back （Age 25.3 ＋ 4.2, Weight 74.5 Kg a： 5.3, Height 1.76 cm ＋ 5.2）. In our study, we used a 20 Hz GPS （thanks to Advanced Research Group in Sport, School of Health and Sport Science with K-Sport Universal, Italy） to detect performance data, and then we compared the outcome with matches performance data from elite players gather from scientific literature. Data analysis shows that elite players reach higher values in almost all parameters taken into account. In particular, they obtained higher value in meters per minutes, High Speed Distance （〉 16 Km/h）, High Metabolic Power Distance （〉 20 W/Kg） and in high and very high and acceleration （2 m/s, 3 m/s, 〉 3 m/s） and deceleration （-2 m/s, -3 m/s, 〉 -3 m/s）. This study can be useful to select and catalogue player performance model, in order to better understand the real value of a player, and to help coaches and teams to identify talent, at least in physical values.
文摘Objective: The research was carried out to test the influence of adaptation to passive whole body hyperthermia (PH) on physical capacity and cardio-respiratory efficiency in men-amateur athletes under the testing load of increasing intensity in laboratory thermal-neutral conditions. Twenty-eight amateur athletes (males, mean age 20.2 ± 2.1 y.o., game-based kinds of sports—football, handball, training experience—4 - 7 years) were randomized into two groups: experimental (14 people), who underwent 24 PH procedures, and control (14 people), who underwent 24 light training sessions in interval regime on elliptical gym apparatus. Results: Adaptation to PH was accompanied by moderate increase of aerobic efficiency and cardio-respiratory endurance in amateur athletes under thermally neutral conditions, while interval training in the control group showed no reliable changes in efficiency. Conclusion: A 10-week course of PH procedures leads to the increase of peak oxygen consumption, oxygen consumption at the level of anaerobic threshold, and heart efficiency (enhancement of oxygen pulse values), as well as efficiency of pulmonary ventilation and bronchial conductance, which we consider to be cross effects of adaptation to passive whole-body repetitive hyperthermia.
基金Chongqing Key Humanities and Social Science Project(10SKB02)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(SWU1109067)
文摘Based on the characteristics of physiological development of China's juvenile men sprinters,combined with the training mechanism of explosive force,and taking the track- and- field team of Jianshan High School in Chongqing as experimental object,this article selects the combination of one leg training methods and the combination of two legs training methods to carry out group control experiment. The result shows: each index score of the two groups of athletes is improved after training,but the characteristics of employing forces and the way of muscle work in one leg jumping exercises such as the one leg jump and step are much closer to sprint techniques. And using this kind of methods can effectively develop the special quality of juvenile sprinter.
文摘Ability to accelerate, decelerate, recover and sprint again, is a crucial ability for team sports, athletes are forced in repeatingthis actions several times during matches. The objective parameters that influence resistance to sprints are their duration and recovery.The aim of this study was to analyze performance of young under 18 football players on high intensity running thresholds with the useof GPS 20 Hz （K-Sport Universal, Montelabbate, Italy）. We have analyzed three football matches of Marche Amateur under 18Championship （Italy） during 2017 season, using 10 GPS, one for each players except the goalkeeper. In order to better define a moreaccurate PPM （players performance model）, the players that have been substituted were removed from analysis, using only data fromfull match to build database. Total of detection is 26, with an average of 8.6 players for match divided by role. Our result according withliterature shows that in total distance, the role that obtained higher value was external midfielder and forward traveled more distance insprint.
文摘1 With no famous coaches and only a small number of professional players,an amateur soccer league in Jiangsu Province has caught people's attention,mostly because of local fans'great passion and humorous talk.
基金supported by the University of Sheffield School of Architecture research funding.
文摘This article theorises the local world as a conceptual scaffold for future conservation and regeneration.It aims to catalyse a theoretical dialogue across the East and West to understand how ordinary places and lifeworlds are preserved,reproduced,and possibly reimagined.The local worlds discussed herein are conceptualised as the worlds of many,the worlds of relating,the worlds of structuring and the worlds of becoming.These four cardinal points present a source of open-endedness and futurity for contemporary architectural reinterpretation.The current article examines the characterisation of the Wen village conservation and regeneration project,led by the Amateur Architecture Studio in Zhejiang Province of China(2012–2016),as an architectural reimagination of local worlds,with a strong sensitivity to the ordinary places and lifeworlds of rural China and juxtapositions of new local worlds within old worlds.By piecing together the flows and fragments of the architectural process,this article shows how locally situated designs and dynamics have shaped the project in both its formation and afterlife,both ethically and contemporarily.Using close readings of popular and oral accounts from both architect’s and users’perspectives,this article extends the case study by broadening theoretical conversations about contemporary architecture’s capacity to reimagine local worlds.
