BACKGROUND Patients and providers are often unaware of available treatment options for alcohol use disorder(AUD)and how to pursue them.AIM To improve AUD treatment rates using an educational video module(EVM).METHODS ...BACKGROUND Patients and providers are often unaware of available treatment options for alcohol use disorder(AUD)and how to pursue them.AIM To improve AUD treatment rates using an educational video module(EVM).METHODS Prospective single-center cohort study evaluating the impact of a novel interactive patient EVM in promoting AUD treatment among hospitalized patients with alcohol-associated liver disease.Treatment was defined as receiving medication or participating in psychosocial treatment within 30 days of discharge.Primary outcome was change in treatment rates after viewing the EVM compared to a retrospective control cohort.Secondary outcomes were predictors of receiving treatment,EVM feedback,30-day hospital readmission,outpatient follow-up,return to alcohol use,and mortality.RESULTS Forty-two patients were included.Mean age was 45 years,50%were female,and mean model for end-stage liver disease score 15.5.After viewing the EVM,treatment rates increased for pharmacologic(50%vs 22%,P=0.0008)and psychosocial treatment(73.8%vs 44%,P=0.01).Return to alcohol use was significantly lower(7.9%vs 35.6%,P=0.003).All 100%of patients would recommend the EVM.CONCLUSION EVM allows hospitalized patients to receive standardized education about AUD treatment.This may address patient and provider knowledge gaps and reduce the growing burden of alcohol-associated liver disease.Future studies should evaluate EVM in larger patient populations using a multi-center study design.展开更多
The glymphatic system,a recently discovered cerebrospinal fluid-mediated pathway,plays a crucial role in fluid exchange and waste clearance in the brain.Its dysfunction has been implicated in various neurological diso...The glymphatic system,a recently discovered cerebrospinal fluid-mediated pathway,plays a crucial role in fluid exchange and waste clearance in the brain.Its dysfunction has been implicated in various neurological disorders,including Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury.Recent studies suggest that alcohol intake has a biphasic effect on the glymphatic system:Low doses of alcohol enhance glymphatic function,whereas high doses lead to glymphatic suppression and cognitive decline,mirroring patterns seen in alcohol-related dementia,providing valuable insights into the dose-dependent effects of alcohol on glymphatic function,but significant gaps persist,particularly regarding the mechanistic understanding and the influence of confounding factors such as sex,age,blood pressure,and wakefulness.Here,we synthesize and critically evaluate the important research findings within this field to gauge its progress and identify new research opportunities.We discuss the specific mechanisms by which alcohol affects the glymphatic system,including how alcohol influences cerebrospinal fluid-interstitial fluid exchange and waste removal.We also discuss the potential of the glymphatic system as a new target,such as through pharmacological or lifestyle interventions aimed at enhancing glymphatic function to treat alcohol use disorder and other neurological disorders associated with glymphatic dysfunction.展开更多
Alcohol use has contributed to large disease burdens,and alcohol-related problems are prevalent among patients in general hospitals and primary care settings.This review aims to deepen the understanding of screening,i...Alcohol use has contributed to large disease burdens,and alcohol-related problems are prevalent among patients in general hospitals and primary care settings.This review aims to deepen the understanding of screening,intervention,and treatment referral for alcohol-related problems in these settings.We searched the literature published in English from PubMed,ScienceDirect,and the World Health Organization website.We found that while a series of screening tools can be used,screening rates were low.The awareness of screening should be strengthened.Brief interventions and pharmacotherapy are the two main methods used in general hospitals and primary care settings,with complementary and alternative medicine considered under the framework of integrative medicine.Individuals with severe alcohol-related problems or alcohol use disorders should be referred to specialty treatment for alcohol abuse,but referral is sometimes ignored.A gap exists between general hospitals/primary care facilities and specialized alcohol-related treatment providers.In conclusion,screening,intervention,and referral to treatment comprise a continuum for patients with alcohol-related problems.Opportunities to prevent and manage these problems in general hospitals and primary care settings are abundant,and taking action will promote the addressing of this public health issue.展开更多
AIMTo investigate factors, including psychosocial factors, associated with alcoholic use relapse after liver transplantation (LT) for alcoholic liver disease (ALD).METHODSThe clinical records of 102 patients with ALD ...AIMTo investigate factors, including psychosocial factors, associated with alcoholic use relapse after liver transplantation (LT) for alcoholic liver disease (ALD).METHODSThe clinical records of 102 patients with ALD who were referred to Nagoya University Hospital for LT between May 2003 and March 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. History of alcohol intake was obtained from their clinical records and scored according to the High-Risk Alcoholism Relapse scale, which includes duration of heavy drinking, types and amount of alcohol usually consumed, and previous inpatient treatment history for alcoholism. All patients were assessed for eligibility for LT according to comprehensive criteria, including Child-Pugh score, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, and psychosocial criteria.RESULTSOf the 102 patients with ALD referred for LT, seven (6.9%) underwent LT. One (14.3%) of these seven patients returned to heavy drinking, but that patient was able to successfully quit drinking following an immediate intervention, consisting of psychotherapeutic education and supportive psychotherapy, by a psychiatrist. A comparison between the transplantation/registration (T/R) group, consisting of the seven patients who underwent LT and 10 patients listed for deceased donor LT, and 50 patients who did not undergo LT and were not listed for deceased donor LT (non-T/R group), showed statistically significant differences in duration of abstinence period (P < 0.01), duration of heavy drinking (P < 0.05), adherence to medical treatment (P < 0.01), and declaration of abstinence (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONPatients with ALD referred for LT require comprehensive evaluation, including evaluation of psychosocial criteria, to prevent alcoholic recidivism.展开更多
Alcohol use disorders represent a heterogeneous spectrum of clinical manifestations that have been defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5. Excessive alcohol intake can lead to damage of...Alcohol use disorders represent a heterogeneous spectrum of clinical manifestations that have been defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5. Excessive alcohol intake can lead to damage of various organs, including the liver. Alcoholic liver disease includes different injuries ranging from steatosis to cirrhosis and implicates a diagnostic assessment of the liver disease and of its possible complications. There is growing interest in the possible different tools for assessing previous alcohol consumption and for establishing the severity of liver injury, especially by noninvasive methods.展开更多
Alcohol use disorder is a complex and heterogeneous phenomenon that can be studied from several points of view by focusing on its different components.Alcohol is a hepatotoxin whose metabolism creates profound alterat...Alcohol use disorder is a complex and heterogeneous phenomenon that can be studied from several points of view by focusing on its different components.Alcohol is a hepatotoxin whose metabolism creates profound alterations within the hepatocyte.The liver is the central organ in the metabolism of alcohol,a process that also involves other organs and tissues such as the brain,heart and muscles,but the most relevant organ is the liver.The anatomopathological alterations in the liver associated with the prolonged use of alcohol range from the simple accumulation of neutral fats in the hepatocytes,to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Alcohol abuse frequently leads to liver disease such as steatosis,steatohepatitis,fibrosis,cirrhosis,and tumors.Following the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),there was an increase in alcohol consumption,probably linked to the months of lockdown and smart working.It is known that social isolation leads to a considerable increase in stress,and it is also recognized that high levels of stress can result in an increase in alcohol intake.Cirrhotic patients or subjects with liver cancer are immunocompromised,so they may be more exposed to COVID-19 infection with a worse prognosis.This review focuses on the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic has made the emergence of alcohol-induced liver damage a major medical and social problem.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs) in the elderly are associated with impairments in physical, psychological, social and cognitive functioning. Both the elderly men and women who dri...<strong>Background:</strong> Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs) in the elderly are associated with impairments in physical, psychological, social and cognitive functioning. Both the elderly men and women who drink alcohol are at a greater risk of social isolation and economic deprivation and the women in particular are in the danger of rapid development of dependence a phenomenon termed “telescoping” dependence. This study seeks to determine the prevalence of alcohol use disorders as well as their associated factors among the elderly in Jos South LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria. <strong>Methods:</strong> A community-based cross-sectional study of elderly (≥60 years) men and women. A total of 400 out of a total of 422 elderly community dwellers identified were interviewed with the aid of a composite questionnaire incorporating the socio-demography, Alcohol Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). <strong>Results:</strong> The lifetime and current prevalence of alcohol use were 69.8% and 45.5% respectively. The prevalence of AUDs was (n = 52, 13.0%). AUDs was significantly associated with being male (OR = 2.57, 95%CI: 1.35 - 3.77, p < 0.01). Participants with AUDs were more likely to report difficulty ambulating (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.34, 0.56), cardiovascular (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.42, p = 0.52), respiratory (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.55, p = 0.46), and digestive (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.17, p = 0.68) problems, though not statistically significant. Similarly, no significant associations were seen with probable psychiatric co-morbidity (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 2.35, p = 0.13) and chronic pain (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.52, p = 0.47). <strong>Conclusions:</strong> Alcohol use and use disorders were common in this elderly cohort. AUDs were associated with poorer health indices.展开更多
Problem about adolescent drinking has accelerated. Although the alcohol advertisements are restricted by Thai law, nevertheless the alcohol manufactures could still find their way to convey the message about their pro...Problem about adolescent drinking has accelerated. Although the alcohol advertisements are restricted by Thai law, nevertheless the alcohol manufactures could still find their way to convey the message about their products to their consumers, including the adolescents in the school system through several marketing communication tactics. To this study, investigated opinion of Thai teens on alcohol use specific to.. （1） types of alcoholic beverages preferred; （2） reason at first alcohol use; （3） future drinking intention; and （4） perceptions toward alcohol marketing communication. The cross-sectional survey was conducted on 5184 students from grades 4th-12th and vocational school in seven regions of Thailand. The data from questionnaires were analyzed using simple descriptive statistic, frequency distribution, and percentages. Those teens reported to start drinking beer because of wanting to experiment with alcohol （41.3%）, to celebrate in special occasion （29.2%）, and due to friends involved （15.7%）. Majority of teens in this study （〉 80%） disagree or strongly disagree with persuasive message of alcohol advertised through several media channels. Most of the samples have good media literacy, know the intention of the marketing communication of the alcohol manufacturers, and could not be persuaded easily. The results required further evaluation for influence of alcohol marketing communication on students＇ alcohol expectancy and alcohol use for proper policy recommendation and management.展开更多
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference in alcohol use between urban and rural students of Inner Mongolia Medical University. Methods: A cross-sectional census was conducted on medical stud...Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference in alcohol use between urban and rural students of Inner Mongolia Medical University. Methods: A cross-sectional census was conducted on medical students on campus in 2013. We use multivariate logistic regression models to assess the factors associated with alcohol use. We further use chi-square test assess on differences in alcohol use between urban and rural people among significance factors in logistic regression models. Results: The prevalence of alcohol use among students in rural area was higher than that in urban area (p = 0.016). Alcohol use was associated with Gender, monthly expenses, residence, ethnic and faculty. The odds of alcohol use for Mongolia students were 1.139 times higher than that for Han students. The prevalence of alcohol consumption among students from pharmacy or Traditional Chinese Medicine and Mongolian Medicine faculties in rural area was higher than that among student in urban area (p = 0.03;p = 0.001). The prevalence of alcohol use among female students in rural area was higher than that among female students in urban area (p < 0.043). The proportion of alcohol use among students with <600 in rural area was higher than that among students in urban area (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Considering the differences in the prevalence of alcohol use between rural area and urban area, university administrators aiming at students from various regions develop various approaches.展开更多
Alcohol use disorder(AUD)represents a major public health issue which affects millions of people globally and consist a chronic relapsing condition associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.The gut microbiom...Alcohol use disorder(AUD)represents a major public health issue which affects millions of people globally and consist a chronic relapsing condition associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and has emerged as a significant contributor to the pathophysiology of various psychiatric disorders.Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiome is intimately linked to the development and progression of AUD,with alcohol consumption directly impacting its composition and function.This review article aims to explore the intricate relationship between the gut microbiome and AUD,focusing on the implications for mental health outcomes and potential therapeutic strategies.We discuss the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the brain,highlighting the role of microbiotaderived metabolites in neuroinflammation,neurotransmission,and mood regulation.Furthermore,we examine the influence of AUD-related factors,such as alcohol-induced gut dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability,on mental health outcomes.Finally,we explore emerging therapeutic avenues targeting the gut microbiome in the management of AUD,including prebiotics,probiotics,and fecal microbiota transplantation.Understanding the complex interplay between the gut microbiome and AUD holds promise for developing novel interventions that could improve mental health outcomes in individuals with AUD.展开更多
Introduction:Alcohol use represents a major public health challenge globally.This survey provides nationally representative data on alcohol consumption patterns among China’s population aged 15 years and above.Method...Introduction:Alcohol use represents a major public health challenge globally.This survey provides nationally representative data on alcohol consumption patterns among China’s population aged 15 years and above.Methods:In 2024,a population-based crosssectional survey of individuals aged 15+years was conducted using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling design.Trained interviewers utilized selfreported questionnaires to collect data on the prevalence of alcohol use in the past 30 days and past 12 months,as well as heavy episodic drinking(HED).Prevalence estimates with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were calculated using weighted methods to account for the complex sampling design.Rao-Scottχ2 tests were applied to compare prevalence differences across demographic subgroups.Results:In 2024,among Chinese individuals aged 15+years,the prevalence of alcohol use was 20.3%in the past 30 days and 27.6%in the past 12 months.Males demonstrated significantly higher rates than females(past-month:34.3%vs.5.9%;past-year:44.5%vs.10.2%),with prevalence peaking in the 25–44 age group(past-month:23.2%;past-year:32.5%).Among current drinkers,the most common drinking frequency was<1 day/month(32.3%).Frequent drinking(≥5 days/week)was reported by 17.5%of current drinkers,with males(20.1%)exceeding females(5.7%).Additionally,42.9%of current drinkers engaged in HED,with males(48.0%)substantially exceeding females(19.9%).Conclusions:The prevalence of alcohol use in China was lower than the global average.However,the proportion of HED among current drinkers was comparatively high.Pronounced gender disparities were observed,with males substantially surpassing females across all indicators.Gender-specific interventions targeting males,particularly those aged 25–44 years,and strategies to reduce HED among current drinkers should be prioritized.展开更多
Background:Alcohol use and traumatic events have a connecting relationship owing to the rising number of people adopting alcoholism as a coping strategy.Objectives:This study examined the cardiorenal protective effect...Background:Alcohol use and traumatic events have a connecting relationship owing to the rising number of people adopting alcoholism as a coping strategy.Objectives:This study examined the cardiorenal protective effect of morin,a bioflavonoid,in mice comorbidly exposed to alcohol use disorder(AUD)and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD).Methods:Mice exposed to single-prolong-stress(SPS)-induced PTSD were submitted to every-other-day ethanol(2 g/kg,oral gavage)for AUD induction,alongside treatments with morin(50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg)or fluox-etine(10 mg/kg),from days 8-21 once daily.After that,mice were euthanized on day 22,markers of oxidative stress(glutathione,catalase,superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,nitrite)and inflammatory cytokines(tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6))in the kidney and heart were assayed.Results:Our result showed that mice exposed to SPS+EtOH-induced PTSD-AUD had reduced levels of glutathione,catalase,and superoxide dismutase,with increased malondialdehyde and nitrite concentrations in the heart and kidney relative to SPS+EtOH group.Also,the SPS+EtOH group showed increased concentrations of TNF-αand IL-6 in the heart and kidney tissues,suggesting inflammatory activity relative to normal control.Treatment with morin(50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg)significantly reduced the SPS-EtOH-induced oxidative and nitrergic stress relative to the SPS+EtOH group.Additionally,the increased release of TNF-αand IL-6 following PTSD-AUD induction was profoundly inhibited by morin in a similar manner to fluoxetine.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that AUD-PTSD interaction-induced organ dysfunction,such as cardiorenal impairments,was reversed by morin via mechanisms associated with attenuation of oxidative/nitrergic stress and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mice.展开更多
Alcohol use disorder(AUD)is a worldwide problem for individuals of varying ages and backgrounds and is associated with the underlying cause of alcoholic liver disease,liver cirrhosis,liver cancer,or many other common ...Alcohol use disorder(AUD)is a worldwide problem for individuals of varying ages and backgrounds and is associated with the underlying cause of alcoholic liver disease,liver cirrhosis,liver cancer,or many other common diseases and health conditions.Existing treatments such as cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)have been demonstrated as an evidence-based treatment to aid individuals struggling with AUD.However,these treatments have excessive costs and time demand with trained experts.In this paper,we examine the efficacy and long-term impacts of digitally delivered CBT and other online telehealth tools and apps for AUD patients.Results show the effectiveness in the ability of digitally delivered CBT to decrease alcohol use in AUD patients.The additional use of online technologies and smartphone apps for post-CBT care demonstrates that such computer-aided apps could have long-term effects when it is continually employed,which opens the door for AUD patients who were not seeking treatment elsewhere.Further longitudinal examination research is needed to evaluate the lasting effects in liver health and other chronic diseases associated with digitally delivered alcohol reduction for AUD patients.展开更多
Both alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease are leading contributors to chronic liver diseases.These conditions often coexist,exacerbating disease progression...Both alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease are leading contributors to chronic liver diseases.These conditions often coexist,exacerbating disease progression.Despite ALD being a leading cause of liver transplantation,many individuals with alcohol use disorder(AUD)do not receive treatment.In this review,we discussed the epidemiology of ALD in AUD,various treatment options for AUD,and their efficacy on liver health.Our critical analysis of current evidence underscores the need for integrated models involving multiple stakeholders to improve ALD management.展开更多
BACKGROUND High risk of alcohol and drug use disorders in people with attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)calls for exploratory research of relationships with clinical features of ADHD.AIM To estimate prevale...BACKGROUND High risk of alcohol and drug use disorders in people with attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)calls for exploratory research of relationships with clinical features of ADHD.AIM To estimate prevalence of alcohol/drug use disorders and associations with ADHD symptom severity and emotional dysregulation,in adults with ADHD.METHODS This observational cross-sectional clinical study consisted of patients admitted to a private psychiatric outpatient clinic in Oslo,Norway(2014-2018).Five-hundred and fifty-eight eligible patients diagnosed with ADHD(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition(DSM-5)criteria)agreed to participate.Alcohol and drug use disorders were diagnosed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview(MINI).Dependence and abuse were merged into“use”disorder as in MINI version 7.0/DSM-5.Questions were related both to lifetime and the past 12-mo.ADHD severity was assessed by the Adult ADHD Self Report Scale(ASRS).Subdivisions of the ASRS questionnaire as inattentive items and hyperactive/impulsivity items were recorded separately.Emotional dysregulation was assessed by the eight-item version of Barkley’s Current Behavior Scale-Self Report.RESULTS The 12-mo prevalence was 5.3%for alcohol use disorder and 13.7%for drug use disorder.The lifetime prevalence was 12.0%for alcohol use disorder and 27.7%for drug use disorder.Men had higher rates of both alcohol use disorder and drug use disorder compared to women.The prevalence of drug use disorder was more than twice that of alcohol use disorder for both sexes.The drugs most participants reported having used were(in descending order):Amphetamine(19.1%),cannabis(17.1%),cocaine or ecstasy(7.4%),benzodiazepines(7.4%),and heroin or other opioids(2.9%).Lifetime drug use disorder was significantly associated with both hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms and emotional dysregulation symptom severity.Lifetime alcohol use disorder,on the other hand,was not significantly associated with ADHD symptoms or emotional dysregulation when adjusted for gender and age.CONCLUSION Patients with ADHD have a high lifetime prevalence of drug use disorder,which is associated with higher levels of hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms and emotional dysregulation.展开更多
Introduction: Alcohol abuse is a recognized phenomenon among university students in Nigeria and harms the education and performance of students. This may include disruption of interpersonal relationships, especially w...Introduction: Alcohol abuse is a recognized phenomenon among university students in Nigeria and harms the education and performance of students. This may include disruption of interpersonal relationships, especially within the family, criminal behaviour, academic failure, vocational failure, and a lack of commensurate achievement. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study aimed at assessing the Prevalence and Pattern of Use of Alcohol Among Undergraduate Students In Jos Plateau State, Nigeria. It involved 290 Undergraduates selected using the Multistage sampling method. Results: The prevalence of current use of alcohol was 33.7% while two-thirds were not taking alcohol. There was a statistically significant association between current use of alcohol and sex (χ<sup>2</sup> = 12.168, p ≤ 0.001), where more males than females use alcohol. Most (44.4%) undergraduates use alcohol weekly, 11.1% use it daily, and 14.3% Two times weekly. A majority (52.4%) take it after lectures and 27.0% take whenever they like. There was a statistically significant association between alcohol use and the level/year of study (χ<sup>2</sup> = 27.258, p ≤ 0.001). More students in higher classes (5th year and 4th year) are taking alcohol when compared with new students and lower classes (1st year and 2nd year). A significant association was also found between alcohol use and respondent's Cumulative Grade Point Average-CGPA (χ<sup>2</sup> = 22.809, p ≤ 0.001), as the majority of students using alcohol had a low CGPA (1.1 to 2.0) when compared to those with higher. Conclusion: The University and government should collaborate with students to establish peer support groups and programs that discourage the use of alcohol during school hours and while studying.展开更多
Alcohol use disorder(AUD)is a worldwide problem and themost common substance use disorder.Chronic alcohol consumptionmay have negative effects on the body,the mind,the family,and even society.With the progress of curr...Alcohol use disorder(AUD)is a worldwide problem and themost common substance use disorder.Chronic alcohol consumptionmay have negative effects on the body,the mind,the family,and even society.With the progress of current neuroimaging methods,an increasing number of imaging techniques are being used to objectively detect brain impairment induced by alcoholism and serve a vital role in the diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment assessment of AUD.This article organizes and analyzes the research on alcohol dependence concerning the main noninvasive neuroimaging methods,structural magnetic resonance imaging,functional magnetic resonance imaging,and electroencephalography,as well as the most common noninvasive brain stimulation-transcranial magnetic stimulation,and intersperses the article with joint intra-and intergroup studies,providing an outlook on future research directions.展开更多
Alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)is a rapidly increasing indication for liver transplantation(LT)globally with a significant rise in transplants for ALD with limited sobriety including patients with alcohol-associ...Alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)is a rapidly increasing indication for liver transplantation(LT)globally with a significant rise in transplants for ALD with limited sobriety including patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis(AH).This evolution challenges the older paradigm that mandates prolonged periods of alcohol abstinence prior to LT.Due to the limited armamentarium of effective pharmacotherapy to treat severe AH,the mortality rates are significantly higher when LT is not available.In the patients who are transplanted for ALD with limited sobriety including AH,patient and graft survival are equivalent,if not better,compared to patients transplanted for other etiologies.However,due to the risk of alcohol relapse and other psychosocial factors,public opinion regarding early LT may continue to impact how the field moves forward particularly regarding organ stewardship and the need for equitable allocation of organs.Numerous tools for psychosocial evaluations have been developed to assist liver transplant teams to identify appropriate patients in a more uniform manner.In this review,we aim to assess the available evidence to support early LT for alcohol AH and propose directions for the future as the field continues to evolve.展开更多
Chinese Wine Culture influences people’s attitudes toward alcohol.The current study focuses on exploring the main features of a localized digital alcohol consumption intervention mini-program to address the difficult...Chinese Wine Culture influences people’s attitudes toward alcohol.The current study focuses on exploring the main features of a localized digital alcohol consumption intervention mini-program to address the difficulties of abstinence for native drinkers,as a promising way for long-term management of rehabilitation from alcohol use disorder.A mixed-method approach was used in this study.The self-report quantitative questionnaire recruited three groups of participants:89 drinkers,67 drinkers’relatives,and 30 medical staff.The focus group qualitative interview inspected 36 participants’perspectives on the core topics,including 21 drinkers,4 drinkers’relatives,and 11 medical staff.The results of combining the quantitative study and qualitative study indicated that the top difficulties of abstinence for native drinkers are the strong craving from the inside,the environmental influence,and the psychological health status,especially emotional states.Correspondingly,the most desired main features in an alcohol consumption digital intervention tool are the daily track of drinking conditions and craving level,periodic feedback reports that can share with others,and mood improvement training.Moreover,the top factors that influence participants’intention to use/recommend the tool are whether the tool is effective,whether the user experience is good,and whether the tool can replenish the deficiency of the current alcohol treatment.Future work needs to balance what patients want and what others around them expect,so that potential users can benefit best from the digital intervention tool in the context of Chinese culture.展开更多
Chronic inflammation is often associated with alcoholrelated medical conditions. The key inducer of such inflammation, and also the best understood, is gut microflora-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Alcohol can sign...Chronic inflammation is often associated with alcoholrelated medical conditions. The key inducer of such inflammation, and also the best understood, is gut microflora-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Alcohol can significantly increase the translocation of LPS from the gut. In healthy individuals, the adverse effects of LPS are kept in check by the actions and interactions of multiple organs. The liver plays a central role in detoxifying LPS and producing a balanced cytokine milieu. The central nervous system contributes to anti-inflammatory regulation through neuroimmunoendocrine actions. Chronic alcohol use impairs not only gut and liver functions, but also multi-organ interactions, leading to persistent systemic inflammation and ultimately, to organ damage. The study of these interactions may provide potential new targets for therapeutic intervention.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Patients and providers are often unaware of available treatment options for alcohol use disorder(AUD)and how to pursue them.AIM To improve AUD treatment rates using an educational video module(EVM).METHODS Prospective single-center cohort study evaluating the impact of a novel interactive patient EVM in promoting AUD treatment among hospitalized patients with alcohol-associated liver disease.Treatment was defined as receiving medication or participating in psychosocial treatment within 30 days of discharge.Primary outcome was change in treatment rates after viewing the EVM compared to a retrospective control cohort.Secondary outcomes were predictors of receiving treatment,EVM feedback,30-day hospital readmission,outpatient follow-up,return to alcohol use,and mortality.RESULTS Forty-two patients were included.Mean age was 45 years,50%were female,and mean model for end-stage liver disease score 15.5.After viewing the EVM,treatment rates increased for pharmacologic(50%vs 22%,P=0.0008)and psychosocial treatment(73.8%vs 44%,P=0.01).Return to alcohol use was significantly lower(7.9%vs 35.6%,P=0.003).All 100%of patients would recommend the EVM.CONCLUSION EVM allows hospitalized patients to receive standardized education about AUD treatment.This may address patient and provider knowledge gaps and reduce the growing burden of alcohol-associated liver disease.Future studies should evaluate EVM in larger patient populations using a multi-center study design.
文摘The glymphatic system,a recently discovered cerebrospinal fluid-mediated pathway,plays a crucial role in fluid exchange and waste clearance in the brain.Its dysfunction has been implicated in various neurological disorders,including Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury.Recent studies suggest that alcohol intake has a biphasic effect on the glymphatic system:Low doses of alcohol enhance glymphatic function,whereas high doses lead to glymphatic suppression and cognitive decline,mirroring patterns seen in alcohol-related dementia,providing valuable insights into the dose-dependent effects of alcohol on glymphatic function,but significant gaps persist,particularly regarding the mechanistic understanding and the influence of confounding factors such as sex,age,blood pressure,and wakefulness.Here,we synthesize and critically evaluate the important research findings within this field to gauge its progress and identify new research opportunities.We discuss the specific mechanisms by which alcohol affects the glymphatic system,including how alcohol influences cerebrospinal fluid-interstitial fluid exchange and waste removal.We also discuss the potential of the glymphatic system as a new target,such as through pharmacological or lifestyle interventions aimed at enhancing glymphatic function to treat alcohol use disorder and other neurological disorders associated with glymphatic dysfunction.
基金Supported by Shandong Province Medical and Health Technology Development Plan Project,No.202203090753.
文摘Alcohol use has contributed to large disease burdens,and alcohol-related problems are prevalent among patients in general hospitals and primary care settings.This review aims to deepen the understanding of screening,intervention,and treatment referral for alcohol-related problems in these settings.We searched the literature published in English from PubMed,ScienceDirect,and the World Health Organization website.We found that while a series of screening tools can be used,screening rates were low.The awareness of screening should be strengthened.Brief interventions and pharmacotherapy are the two main methods used in general hospitals and primary care settings,with complementary and alternative medicine considered under the framework of integrative medicine.Individuals with severe alcohol-related problems or alcohol use disorders should be referred to specialty treatment for alcohol abuse,but referral is sometimes ignored.A gap exists between general hospitals/primary care facilities and specialized alcohol-related treatment providers.In conclusion,screening,intervention,and referral to treatment comprise a continuum for patients with alcohol-related problems.Opportunities to prevent and manage these problems in general hospitals and primary care settings are abundant,and taking action will promote the addressing of this public health issue.
文摘AIMTo investigate factors, including psychosocial factors, associated with alcoholic use relapse after liver transplantation (LT) for alcoholic liver disease (ALD).METHODSThe clinical records of 102 patients with ALD who were referred to Nagoya University Hospital for LT between May 2003 and March 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. History of alcohol intake was obtained from their clinical records and scored according to the High-Risk Alcoholism Relapse scale, which includes duration of heavy drinking, types and amount of alcohol usually consumed, and previous inpatient treatment history for alcoholism. All patients were assessed for eligibility for LT according to comprehensive criteria, including Child-Pugh score, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, and psychosocial criteria.RESULTSOf the 102 patients with ALD referred for LT, seven (6.9%) underwent LT. One (14.3%) of these seven patients returned to heavy drinking, but that patient was able to successfully quit drinking following an immediate intervention, consisting of psychotherapeutic education and supportive psychotherapy, by a psychiatrist. A comparison between the transplantation/registration (T/R) group, consisting of the seven patients who underwent LT and 10 patients listed for deceased donor LT, and 50 patients who did not undergo LT and were not listed for deceased donor LT (non-T/R group), showed statistically significant differences in duration of abstinence period (P < 0.01), duration of heavy drinking (P < 0.05), adherence to medical treatment (P < 0.01), and declaration of abstinence (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONPatients with ALD referred for LT require comprehensive evaluation, including evaluation of psychosocial criteria, to prevent alcoholic recidivism.
文摘Alcohol use disorders represent a heterogeneous spectrum of clinical manifestations that have been defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5. Excessive alcohol intake can lead to damage of various organs, including the liver. Alcoholic liver disease includes different injuries ranging from steatosis to cirrhosis and implicates a diagnostic assessment of the liver disease and of its possible complications. There is growing interest in the possible different tools for assessing previous alcohol consumption and for establishing the severity of liver injury, especially by noninvasive methods.
文摘Alcohol use disorder is a complex and heterogeneous phenomenon that can be studied from several points of view by focusing on its different components.Alcohol is a hepatotoxin whose metabolism creates profound alterations within the hepatocyte.The liver is the central organ in the metabolism of alcohol,a process that also involves other organs and tissues such as the brain,heart and muscles,but the most relevant organ is the liver.The anatomopathological alterations in the liver associated with the prolonged use of alcohol range from the simple accumulation of neutral fats in the hepatocytes,to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Alcohol abuse frequently leads to liver disease such as steatosis,steatohepatitis,fibrosis,cirrhosis,and tumors.Following the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),there was an increase in alcohol consumption,probably linked to the months of lockdown and smart working.It is known that social isolation leads to a considerable increase in stress,and it is also recognized that high levels of stress can result in an increase in alcohol intake.Cirrhotic patients or subjects with liver cancer are immunocompromised,so they may be more exposed to COVID-19 infection with a worse prognosis.This review focuses on the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic has made the emergence of alcohol-induced liver damage a major medical and social problem.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs) in the elderly are associated with impairments in physical, psychological, social and cognitive functioning. Both the elderly men and women who drink alcohol are at a greater risk of social isolation and economic deprivation and the women in particular are in the danger of rapid development of dependence a phenomenon termed “telescoping” dependence. This study seeks to determine the prevalence of alcohol use disorders as well as their associated factors among the elderly in Jos South LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria. <strong>Methods:</strong> A community-based cross-sectional study of elderly (≥60 years) men and women. A total of 400 out of a total of 422 elderly community dwellers identified were interviewed with the aid of a composite questionnaire incorporating the socio-demography, Alcohol Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). <strong>Results:</strong> The lifetime and current prevalence of alcohol use were 69.8% and 45.5% respectively. The prevalence of AUDs was (n = 52, 13.0%). AUDs was significantly associated with being male (OR = 2.57, 95%CI: 1.35 - 3.77, p < 0.01). Participants with AUDs were more likely to report difficulty ambulating (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.34, 0.56), cardiovascular (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.42, p = 0.52), respiratory (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.55, p = 0.46), and digestive (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.17, p = 0.68) problems, though not statistically significant. Similarly, no significant associations were seen with probable psychiatric co-morbidity (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 2.35, p = 0.13) and chronic pain (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.52, p = 0.47). <strong>Conclusions:</strong> Alcohol use and use disorders were common in this elderly cohort. AUDs were associated with poorer health indices.
文摘Problem about adolescent drinking has accelerated. Although the alcohol advertisements are restricted by Thai law, nevertheless the alcohol manufactures could still find their way to convey the message about their products to their consumers, including the adolescents in the school system through several marketing communication tactics. To this study, investigated opinion of Thai teens on alcohol use specific to.. （1） types of alcoholic beverages preferred; （2） reason at first alcohol use; （3） future drinking intention; and （4） perceptions toward alcohol marketing communication. The cross-sectional survey was conducted on 5184 students from grades 4th-12th and vocational school in seven regions of Thailand. The data from questionnaires were analyzed using simple descriptive statistic, frequency distribution, and percentages. Those teens reported to start drinking beer because of wanting to experiment with alcohol （41.3%）, to celebrate in special occasion （29.2%）, and due to friends involved （15.7%）. Majority of teens in this study （〉 80%） disagree or strongly disagree with persuasive message of alcohol advertised through several media channels. Most of the samples have good media literacy, know the intention of the marketing communication of the alcohol manufacturers, and could not be persuaded easily. The results required further evaluation for influence of alcohol marketing communication on students＇ alcohol expectancy and alcohol use for proper policy recommendation and management.
文摘Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference in alcohol use between urban and rural students of Inner Mongolia Medical University. Methods: A cross-sectional census was conducted on medical students on campus in 2013. We use multivariate logistic regression models to assess the factors associated with alcohol use. We further use chi-square test assess on differences in alcohol use between urban and rural people among significance factors in logistic regression models. Results: The prevalence of alcohol use among students in rural area was higher than that in urban area (p = 0.016). Alcohol use was associated with Gender, monthly expenses, residence, ethnic and faculty. The odds of alcohol use for Mongolia students were 1.139 times higher than that for Han students. The prevalence of alcohol consumption among students from pharmacy or Traditional Chinese Medicine and Mongolian Medicine faculties in rural area was higher than that among student in urban area (p = 0.03;p = 0.001). The prevalence of alcohol use among female students in rural area was higher than that among female students in urban area (p < 0.043). The proportion of alcohol use among students with <600 in rural area was higher than that among students in urban area (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Considering the differences in the prevalence of alcohol use between rural area and urban area, university administrators aiming at students from various regions develop various approaches.
文摘Alcohol use disorder(AUD)represents a major public health issue which affects millions of people globally and consist a chronic relapsing condition associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and has emerged as a significant contributor to the pathophysiology of various psychiatric disorders.Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiome is intimately linked to the development and progression of AUD,with alcohol consumption directly impacting its composition and function.This review article aims to explore the intricate relationship between the gut microbiome and AUD,focusing on the implications for mental health outcomes and potential therapeutic strategies.We discuss the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the brain,highlighting the role of microbiotaderived metabolites in neuroinflammation,neurotransmission,and mood regulation.Furthermore,we examine the influence of AUD-related factors,such as alcohol-induced gut dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability,on mental health outcomes.Finally,we explore emerging therapeutic avenues targeting the gut microbiome in the management of AUD,including prebiotics,probiotics,and fecal microbiota transplantation.Understanding the complex interplay between the gut microbiome and AUD holds promise for developing novel interventions that could improve mental health outcomes in individuals with AUD.
基金Supported by the Chinese Sleep Research Society through the project“Study on the Effect of Smoking on Sleep Disorders”.
文摘Introduction:Alcohol use represents a major public health challenge globally.This survey provides nationally representative data on alcohol consumption patterns among China’s population aged 15 years and above.Methods:In 2024,a population-based crosssectional survey of individuals aged 15+years was conducted using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling design.Trained interviewers utilized selfreported questionnaires to collect data on the prevalence of alcohol use in the past 30 days and past 12 months,as well as heavy episodic drinking(HED).Prevalence estimates with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were calculated using weighted methods to account for the complex sampling design.Rao-Scottχ2 tests were applied to compare prevalence differences across demographic subgroups.Results:In 2024,among Chinese individuals aged 15+years,the prevalence of alcohol use was 20.3%in the past 30 days and 27.6%in the past 12 months.Males demonstrated significantly higher rates than females(past-month:34.3%vs.5.9%;past-year:44.5%vs.10.2%),with prevalence peaking in the 25–44 age group(past-month:23.2%;past-year:32.5%).Among current drinkers,the most common drinking frequency was<1 day/month(32.3%).Frequent drinking(≥5 days/week)was reported by 17.5%of current drinkers,with males(20.1%)exceeding females(5.7%).Additionally,42.9%of current drinkers engaged in HED,with males(48.0%)substantially exceeding females(19.9%).Conclusions:The prevalence of alcohol use in China was lower than the global average.However,the proportion of HED among current drinkers was comparatively high.Pronounced gender disparities were observed,with males substantially surpassing females across all indicators.Gender-specific interventions targeting males,particularly those aged 25–44 years,and strategies to reduce HED among current drinkers should be prioritized.
文摘Background:Alcohol use and traumatic events have a connecting relationship owing to the rising number of people adopting alcoholism as a coping strategy.Objectives:This study examined the cardiorenal protective effect of morin,a bioflavonoid,in mice comorbidly exposed to alcohol use disorder(AUD)and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD).Methods:Mice exposed to single-prolong-stress(SPS)-induced PTSD were submitted to every-other-day ethanol(2 g/kg,oral gavage)for AUD induction,alongside treatments with morin(50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg)or fluox-etine(10 mg/kg),from days 8-21 once daily.After that,mice were euthanized on day 22,markers of oxidative stress(glutathione,catalase,superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,nitrite)and inflammatory cytokines(tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6))in the kidney and heart were assayed.Results:Our result showed that mice exposed to SPS+EtOH-induced PTSD-AUD had reduced levels of glutathione,catalase,and superoxide dismutase,with increased malondialdehyde and nitrite concentrations in the heart and kidney relative to SPS+EtOH group.Also,the SPS+EtOH group showed increased concentrations of TNF-αand IL-6 in the heart and kidney tissues,suggesting inflammatory activity relative to normal control.Treatment with morin(50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg)significantly reduced the SPS-EtOH-induced oxidative and nitrergic stress relative to the SPS+EtOH group.Additionally,the increased release of TNF-αand IL-6 following PTSD-AUD induction was profoundly inhibited by morin in a similar manner to fluoxetine.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that AUD-PTSD interaction-induced organ dysfunction,such as cardiorenal impairments,was reversed by morin via mechanisms associated with attenuation of oxidative/nitrergic stress and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mice.
文摘Alcohol use disorder(AUD)is a worldwide problem for individuals of varying ages and backgrounds and is associated with the underlying cause of alcoholic liver disease,liver cirrhosis,liver cancer,or many other common diseases and health conditions.Existing treatments such as cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)have been demonstrated as an evidence-based treatment to aid individuals struggling with AUD.However,these treatments have excessive costs and time demand with trained experts.In this paper,we examine the efficacy and long-term impacts of digitally delivered CBT and other online telehealth tools and apps for AUD patients.Results show the effectiveness in the ability of digitally delivered CBT to decrease alcohol use in AUD patients.The additional use of online technologies and smartphone apps for post-CBT care demonstrates that such computer-aided apps could have long-term effects when it is continually employed,which opens the door for AUD patients who were not seeking treatment elsewhere.Further longitudinal examination research is needed to evaluate the lasting effects in liver health and other chronic diseases associated with digitally delivered alcohol reduction for AUD patients.
文摘Both alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease are leading contributors to chronic liver diseases.These conditions often coexist,exacerbating disease progression.Despite ALD being a leading cause of liver transplantation,many individuals with alcohol use disorder(AUD)do not receive treatment.In this review,we discussed the epidemiology of ALD in AUD,various treatment options for AUD,and their efficacy on liver health.Our critical analysis of current evidence underscores the need for integrated models involving multiple stakeholders to improve ALD management.
文摘BACKGROUND High risk of alcohol and drug use disorders in people with attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)calls for exploratory research of relationships with clinical features of ADHD.AIM To estimate prevalence of alcohol/drug use disorders and associations with ADHD symptom severity and emotional dysregulation,in adults with ADHD.METHODS This observational cross-sectional clinical study consisted of patients admitted to a private psychiatric outpatient clinic in Oslo,Norway(2014-2018).Five-hundred and fifty-eight eligible patients diagnosed with ADHD(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition(DSM-5)criteria)agreed to participate.Alcohol and drug use disorders were diagnosed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview(MINI).Dependence and abuse were merged into“use”disorder as in MINI version 7.0/DSM-5.Questions were related both to lifetime and the past 12-mo.ADHD severity was assessed by the Adult ADHD Self Report Scale(ASRS).Subdivisions of the ASRS questionnaire as inattentive items and hyperactive/impulsivity items were recorded separately.Emotional dysregulation was assessed by the eight-item version of Barkley’s Current Behavior Scale-Self Report.RESULTS The 12-mo prevalence was 5.3%for alcohol use disorder and 13.7%for drug use disorder.The lifetime prevalence was 12.0%for alcohol use disorder and 27.7%for drug use disorder.Men had higher rates of both alcohol use disorder and drug use disorder compared to women.The prevalence of drug use disorder was more than twice that of alcohol use disorder for both sexes.The drugs most participants reported having used were(in descending order):Amphetamine(19.1%),cannabis(17.1%),cocaine or ecstasy(7.4%),benzodiazepines(7.4%),and heroin or other opioids(2.9%).Lifetime drug use disorder was significantly associated with both hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms and emotional dysregulation symptom severity.Lifetime alcohol use disorder,on the other hand,was not significantly associated with ADHD symptoms or emotional dysregulation when adjusted for gender and age.CONCLUSION Patients with ADHD have a high lifetime prevalence of drug use disorder,which is associated with higher levels of hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms and emotional dysregulation.
文摘Introduction: Alcohol abuse is a recognized phenomenon among university students in Nigeria and harms the education and performance of students. This may include disruption of interpersonal relationships, especially within the family, criminal behaviour, academic failure, vocational failure, and a lack of commensurate achievement. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study aimed at assessing the Prevalence and Pattern of Use of Alcohol Among Undergraduate Students In Jos Plateau State, Nigeria. It involved 290 Undergraduates selected using the Multistage sampling method. Results: The prevalence of current use of alcohol was 33.7% while two-thirds were not taking alcohol. There was a statistically significant association between current use of alcohol and sex (χ<sup>2</sup> = 12.168, p ≤ 0.001), where more males than females use alcohol. Most (44.4%) undergraduates use alcohol weekly, 11.1% use it daily, and 14.3% Two times weekly. A majority (52.4%) take it after lectures and 27.0% take whenever they like. There was a statistically significant association between alcohol use and the level/year of study (χ<sup>2</sup> = 27.258, p ≤ 0.001). More students in higher classes (5th year and 4th year) are taking alcohol when compared with new students and lower classes (1st year and 2nd year). A significant association was also found between alcohol use and respondent's Cumulative Grade Point Average-CGPA (χ<sup>2</sup> = 22.809, p ≤ 0.001), as the majority of students using alcohol had a low CGPA (1.1 to 2.0) when compared to those with higher. Conclusion: The University and government should collaborate with students to establish peer support groups and programs that discourage the use of alcohol during school hours and while studying.
基金This study was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology China Brain Initiative Project(2021ZD0202804).
文摘Alcohol use disorder(AUD)is a worldwide problem and themost common substance use disorder.Chronic alcohol consumptionmay have negative effects on the body,the mind,the family,and even society.With the progress of current neuroimaging methods,an increasing number of imaging techniques are being used to objectively detect brain impairment induced by alcoholism and serve a vital role in the diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment assessment of AUD.This article organizes and analyzes the research on alcohol dependence concerning the main noninvasive neuroimaging methods,structural magnetic resonance imaging,functional magnetic resonance imaging,and electroencephalography,as well as the most common noninvasive brain stimulation-transcranial magnetic stimulation,and intersperses the article with joint intra-and intergroup studies,providing an outlook on future research directions.
文摘Alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)is a rapidly increasing indication for liver transplantation(LT)globally with a significant rise in transplants for ALD with limited sobriety including patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis(AH).This evolution challenges the older paradigm that mandates prolonged periods of alcohol abstinence prior to LT.Due to the limited armamentarium of effective pharmacotherapy to treat severe AH,the mortality rates are significantly higher when LT is not available.In the patients who are transplanted for ALD with limited sobriety including AH,patient and graft survival are equivalent,if not better,compared to patients transplanted for other etiologies.However,due to the risk of alcohol relapse and other psychosocial factors,public opinion regarding early LT may continue to impact how the field moves forward particularly regarding organ stewardship and the need for equitable allocation of organs.Numerous tools for psychosocial evaluations have been developed to assist liver transplant teams to identify appropriate patients in a more uniform manner.In this review,we aim to assess the available evidence to support early LT for alcohol AH and propose directions for the future as the field continues to evolve.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82171484)the Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(No.YG2023ZD25)。
文摘Chinese Wine Culture influences people’s attitudes toward alcohol.The current study focuses on exploring the main features of a localized digital alcohol consumption intervention mini-program to address the difficulties of abstinence for native drinkers,as a promising way for long-term management of rehabilitation from alcohol use disorder.A mixed-method approach was used in this study.The self-report quantitative questionnaire recruited three groups of participants:89 drinkers,67 drinkers’relatives,and 30 medical staff.The focus group qualitative interview inspected 36 participants’perspectives on the core topics,including 21 drinkers,4 drinkers’relatives,and 11 medical staff.The results of combining the quantitative study and qualitative study indicated that the top difficulties of abstinence for native drinkers are the strong craving from the inside,the environmental influence,and the psychological health status,especially emotional states.Correspondingly,the most desired main features in an alcohol consumption digital intervention tool are the daily track of drinking conditions and craving level,periodic feedback reports that can share with others,and mood improvement training.Moreover,the top factors that influence participants’intention to use/recommend the tool are whether the tool is effective,whether the user experience is good,and whether the tool can replenish the deficiency of the current alcohol treatment.Future work needs to balance what patients want and what others around them expect,so that potential users can benefit best from the digital intervention tool in the context of Chinese culture.
文摘Chronic inflammation is often associated with alcoholrelated medical conditions. The key inducer of such inflammation, and also the best understood, is gut microflora-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Alcohol can significantly increase the translocation of LPS from the gut. In healthy individuals, the adverse effects of LPS are kept in check by the actions and interactions of multiple organs. The liver plays a central role in detoxifying LPS and producing a balanced cytokine milieu. The central nervous system contributes to anti-inflammatory regulation through neuroimmunoendocrine actions. Chronic alcohol use impairs not only gut and liver functions, but also multi-organ interactions, leading to persistent systemic inflammation and ultimately, to organ damage. The study of these interactions may provide potential new targets for therapeutic intervention.
