A method to extract inclusion particles from solid steel by electrolysis with organic electrolyte solution was introduced; meanwhile, thermodynamics of inclusion formation was calculated using FaetSage software. The r...A method to extract inclusion particles from solid steel by electrolysis with organic electrolyte solution was introduced; meanwhile, thermodynamics of inclusion formation was calculated using FaetSage software. The results showed that there were two kinds of inclusions in the billet, i.e. Al2O3-MnO-SiO2-MnS （AMS-MnS） and Al2O3- MnO-SiO2 （AMS）. Most of AMS-MnS inclusion particles, with diameter of 10--30 μm, showed three-layer structures： SiO2-rich core with a small quantity of Mn, intermediate AMS layer, and MnS outer layer containing small quanti- ties of A1 and O. Most AMS inclusion particles were 50--90 μm and exhibited homogeneous composition. Thermo- dynamic results indicated that SiO2-rich core could form firstly by Si reacting with O in molten steel at temperatures above 1 923 K during Si-Fe alloy addition, and then, the SiO2-rich core could react with Mn and Al to form liquid AMS enveloping the SiO2 rich core at 1823- 1873 K. MnS began to precipitate from AMS when temperature reached 1 728 K. Liquid AMS could form by coupled reaction among Si, Mn, Al and O in molten steel.展开更多
The rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers poses a significant limitation on the use of CdS quantum dots(QDs)in photocatalysis.Herein,the construction of a novel S-scheme heterojunction between cubic-phase CdS...The rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers poses a significant limitation on the use of CdS quantum dots(QDs)in photocatalysis.Herein,the construction of a novel S-scheme heterojunction between cubic-phase CdS QDs and hollow nanotube In_(2)O_(3)is successfully achieved using an electrostatic self-assembly method.Under visible light irradiation,all CdS-In_(2)O_(3)composites exhibit higher hydrogen evolution efficiency compared to pure CdS QDs.Notably,the photocatalytic H_(2)evolution rate of the optimal CdS-7%In_(2)O_(3)composite is determined to be 2258.59μmol g^(−1)h^(−1),approximately 12.3 times higher than that of pure CdS.The cyclic test indicates that the CdS-In_(2)O_(3)composite maintains considerable activity even after 5 cycles,indicating its excellent stability.In situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations confirm that carrier migration in CdS-In_(2)O_(3)composites adheres to a typical S-scheme heterojunction mechanism.Additionally,a series of characterizations demonstrate that the formation of S-scheme heterojunctions between In_(2)O_(3)and CdS inhibits charge recombination and accelerates the separation and migration of photogenerated carriers in the CdS QDs,thus achieving enhanced photocatalytic performance.This work elucidates the pivotal role of S-scheme heterojunctions in photocatalytic H_(2)production and offers novel insights into the construction of effective composite photocatalysts.展开更多
Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy with fine-grainedβphases was fabricated by friction stir processing with opti-mized processing parameters.The superplastic behavior of the specimens was investigated by tensile deformation at dif...Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy with fine-grainedβphases was fabricated by friction stir processing with opti-mized processing parameters.The superplastic behavior of the specimens was investigated by tensile deformation at different strain rates and temperatures,and an optimal superplastic elongation of 634%was achieved at 700℃ and 3×10^(-4)/s.An annealing treatment at 650℃ for 60 min showed a mi-crostructure withαprecipitates distributed in theβmatrix in the friction stir specimen.Such pre-heat treatment improves the superplasticity of the specimen,achieving an elongation of up to 807%at 750℃ and 3×10^(-4)/s.The influences of tensile temperatures and strain rates on the microstructural evolution,such as grain size variation,grain morphology,and phase transformations,were discussed.The super-plastic deformation behavior of fine-grained Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy is controlled by grain boundary sliding and accompanied by dynamic phase transformation and recrystallization.展开更多
Electrochromic(EC)smart windows utilizing a reversible metal electrodeposition device(RMED)offer a compelling alternative for dynamically regulating transmissions of optical and thermal energy.An EC device(ECD)is cons...Electrochromic(EC)smart windows utilizing a reversible metal electrodeposition device(RMED)offer a compelling alternative for dynamically regulating transmissions of optical and thermal energy.An EC device(ECD)is constructed by reversible metal electrodeposition(RME)of Bi/Cu on WO_(3)·xH_(2)O film electrodeposited onto fluorine-doped tin oxide(FTO)transparent conductive glass.The electrolyte consists of CuCl_(2),BiCl_(3),KCl and HCl aqueous solution,supplying necessary components for both electrochemical and electrodeposition processes.The ECD shows ability to rapidly transition between colorless and black states,which achieves a large optical modulation of 77.0%at 570 nm.In the black state,the ECD exhibits a near-zero transmittance in the wavelength range of 400-1100 nm while maintaining 96.6%of its initial optical modulation after coloration/bleaching cycling of 60000 s,exhibiting good cyclic stability.This RMED has relatively high stability under open-circuit voltage and also possesses excellent heat insulation performance.The results offer a solution to overcome the poor cyclic stability of RMEDs and improve the optical modulation of ECDs.展开更多
以硝酸铝和尿素为原料,通过水热法成功合成富含五配位Al^(3+)的γ-Al_(2)O_(3)载体,采用XRD、SEM、STEM-HAADF、27Al MAS NMR、N_(2)吸附-脱附等手段表征了载体的物理化学性质,并对采用该载体制备的Pd/Al_(2)O_(3)催化剂进行了蒽醌加氢...以硝酸铝和尿素为原料,通过水热法成功合成富含五配位Al^(3+)的γ-Al_(2)O_(3)载体,采用XRD、SEM、STEM-HAADF、27Al MAS NMR、N_(2)吸附-脱附等手段表征了载体的物理化学性质,并对采用该载体制备的Pd/Al_(2)O_(3)催化剂进行了蒽醌加氢制H_(2)O_(2)的初步性能评价。表征结果显示,合成的载体中的五配位Al^(3+)相对含量可达40.88%(w),微观粒子呈棒状,棒的长度1~4μm,直径0.1~0.3μm,BET比表面积可达494 m^(2)/g;所制备的Pd/Al_(2)O_(3)催化剂中Pd纳米粒子分散良好,平均粒径为3.51 nm,且分布较窄。评价结果表明,该催化剂相对于参比剂具有较高的加氢活性。展开更多
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51004054)Foundation from Liaoning Province Education Department of China(L2013127)
文摘A method to extract inclusion particles from solid steel by electrolysis with organic electrolyte solution was introduced; meanwhile, thermodynamics of inclusion formation was calculated using FaetSage software. The results showed that there were two kinds of inclusions in the billet, i.e. Al2O3-MnO-SiO2-MnS （AMS-MnS） and Al2O3- MnO-SiO2 （AMS）. Most of AMS-MnS inclusion particles, with diameter of 10--30 μm, showed three-layer structures： SiO2-rich core with a small quantity of Mn, intermediate AMS layer, and MnS outer layer containing small quanti- ties of A1 and O. Most AMS inclusion particles were 50--90 μm and exhibited homogeneous composition. Thermo- dynamic results indicated that SiO2-rich core could form firstly by Si reacting with O in molten steel at temperatures above 1 923 K during Si-Fe alloy addition, and then, the SiO2-rich core could react with Mn and Al to form liquid AMS enveloping the SiO2 rich core at 1823- 1873 K. MnS began to precipitate from AMS when temperature reached 1 728 K. Liquid AMS could form by coupled reaction among Si, Mn, Al and O in molten steel.
文摘The rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers poses a significant limitation on the use of CdS quantum dots(QDs)in photocatalysis.Herein,the construction of a novel S-scheme heterojunction between cubic-phase CdS QDs and hollow nanotube In_(2)O_(3)is successfully achieved using an electrostatic self-assembly method.Under visible light irradiation,all CdS-In_(2)O_(3)composites exhibit higher hydrogen evolution efficiency compared to pure CdS QDs.Notably,the photocatalytic H_(2)evolution rate of the optimal CdS-7%In_(2)O_(3)composite is determined to be 2258.59μmol g^(−1)h^(−1),approximately 12.3 times higher than that of pure CdS.The cyclic test indicates that the CdS-In_(2)O_(3)composite maintains considerable activity even after 5 cycles,indicating its excellent stability.In situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations confirm that carrier migration in CdS-In_(2)O_(3)composites adheres to a typical S-scheme heterojunction mechanism.Additionally,a series of characterizations demonstrate that the formation of S-scheme heterojunctions between In_(2)O_(3)and CdS inhibits charge recombination and accelerates the separation and migration of photogenerated carriers in the CdS QDs,thus achieving enhanced photocatalytic performance.This work elucidates the pivotal role of S-scheme heterojunctions in photocatalytic H_(2)production and offers novel insights into the construction of effective composite photocatalysts.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52105373)the China Scholarship Council(No.202106020094).
文摘Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy with fine-grainedβphases was fabricated by friction stir processing with opti-mized processing parameters.The superplastic behavior of the specimens was investigated by tensile deformation at different strain rates and temperatures,and an optimal superplastic elongation of 634%was achieved at 700℃ and 3×10^(-4)/s.An annealing treatment at 650℃ for 60 min showed a mi-crostructure withαprecipitates distributed in theβmatrix in the friction stir specimen.Such pre-heat treatment improves the superplasticity of the specimen,achieving an elongation of up to 807%at 750℃ and 3×10^(-4)/s.The influences of tensile temperatures and strain rates on the microstructural evolution,such as grain size variation,grain morphology,and phase transformations,were discussed.The super-plastic deformation behavior of fine-grained Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy is controlled by grain boundary sliding and accompanied by dynamic phase transformation and recrystallization.
文摘Electrochromic(EC)smart windows utilizing a reversible metal electrodeposition device(RMED)offer a compelling alternative for dynamically regulating transmissions of optical and thermal energy.An EC device(ECD)is constructed by reversible metal electrodeposition(RME)of Bi/Cu on WO_(3)·xH_(2)O film electrodeposited onto fluorine-doped tin oxide(FTO)transparent conductive glass.The electrolyte consists of CuCl_(2),BiCl_(3),KCl and HCl aqueous solution,supplying necessary components for both electrochemical and electrodeposition processes.The ECD shows ability to rapidly transition between colorless and black states,which achieves a large optical modulation of 77.0%at 570 nm.In the black state,the ECD exhibits a near-zero transmittance in the wavelength range of 400-1100 nm while maintaining 96.6%of its initial optical modulation after coloration/bleaching cycling of 60000 s,exhibiting good cyclic stability.This RMED has relatively high stability under open-circuit voltage and also possesses excellent heat insulation performance.The results offer a solution to overcome the poor cyclic stability of RMEDs and improve the optical modulation of ECDs.
文摘以硝酸铝和尿素为原料,通过水热法成功合成富含五配位Al^(3+)的γ-Al_(2)O_(3)载体,采用XRD、SEM、STEM-HAADF、27Al MAS NMR、N_(2)吸附-脱附等手段表征了载体的物理化学性质,并对采用该载体制备的Pd/Al_(2)O_(3)催化剂进行了蒽醌加氢制H_(2)O_(2)的初步性能评价。表征结果显示,合成的载体中的五配位Al^(3+)相对含量可达40.88%(w),微观粒子呈棒状,棒的长度1~4μm,直径0.1~0.3μm,BET比表面积可达494 m^(2)/g;所制备的Pd/Al_(2)O_(3)催化剂中Pd纳米粒子分散良好,平均粒径为3.51 nm,且分布较窄。评价结果表明,该催化剂相对于参比剂具有较高的加氢活性。
