The open-cell Al foam core sandwiches（AFCSs） were successfully fabricated by using a specially designed Zn-Al-Cu based filler alloy via vibration aided liquid phase bonding method.The effects of the vibration on the...The open-cell Al foam core sandwiches（AFCSs） were successfully fabricated by using a specially designed Zn-Al-Cu based filler alloy via vibration aided liquid phase bonding method.The effects of the vibration on the bonding seam were investigated and the bonding strength between Al foam core and solid Al alloy face sheet was tested by shearing tests.The results show that vibration can significantly improve the quality of the bonding and the shearing strength of the bonding seam,which implies that this joining method has a good potential in practical applications.展开更多
In this work,we synthesized a brand-new Al foam with a periodic structure via a simple powder metallurgical route.The periodic architecture consists of both hierarchical porous and bi-directional composition-graded st...In this work,we synthesized a brand-new Al foam with a periodic structure via a simple powder metallurgical route.The periodic architecture consists of both hierarchical porous and bi-directional composition-graded structures.The results show that the hierarchical porous material includes large pores on millimeter scale inheriting from the hollow structure of the Al tubes,and small pores on mi-crometer scale produced by the sintering of Al/Mg powders.The bi-directional Mg concentration-graded structure is formed in the tube walls due to the condensation of Mg vapor in the inner tube wall.The addition of Mg powders achieves excellent metallurgical bonding between the Al powders and the hollow tubes at 550℃.The plateau stress and energy absorption capacity of the Al foam in y-axis compression are significantly higher than that in the x-axis due to their anisotropic structure.In general,the Al foam with Mg addition presents the most superior compression performance,and we believe that our find-ings could open up a unique strategy for developing high-performance metallic foams with the periodic architecture involving both hierarchical porous and bi-directional graded structure.展开更多
Three different Ni-Al foams were synthesized by vapor aluminizing with control of aluminizing time. Oxidation tests under 1100 ℃ and compression tests were conducted to evaluate the oxidation resistance and compressi...Three different Ni-Al foams were synthesized by vapor aluminizing with control of aluminizing time. Oxidation tests under 1100 ℃ and compression tests were conducted to evaluate the oxidation resistance and compression properties of the foams. X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）tests were carried out to study the phase composition and microstructure of Ni-Al foams before and after oxidation. Results showed that vapor aluminizing process did not change the foam macro-and microstructure, and the phase composition became from β/γ＇-phase to single β-phase as the aluminizing time extending. The Ni-Al foams possessed excellent oxidation resistance, and decreased A1 content increased oxidation weight gain and altered oxidation products. Foams containing single β-phase presented obvious brittleness under compression tests, but the foam with β/γ＇-phase exhibited elasticity and toughness to a certain extent. The elasticity and toughness of the foams significantly can be improved after oxidation because of the phase changing in matrix during oxidation, and the pre-oxidized high-Al-content Ni-Al foams exhibited good compression properties, as well as excellent oxidation resistance.展开更多
The applications of Al alloy foam require consideration of potential damage risks,which are closely related to the evolution of its internal pore structures.However,conventional ex situ experimental observation cannot...The applications of Al alloy foam require consideration of potential damage risks,which are closely related to the evolution of its internal pore structures.However,conventional ex situ experimental observation cannot provide information on the structure evolution during deformation.In order to investigate the failure mechanism of Al alloy foam under quasi-static compression,by utilizing X-ray imaging technology,in situ CT image data were obtained during the loading process.A geometric model characterizing the real structure of Al alloy foam was reconstructed from the initial CT images and used for finite element simulation.Besides,based on the digital volume correlation(DVC)method,the displacement and strain fields of Al alloy foam were calculated.The results show that the in situ experimental observation based on X-ray imaging can effectively obtain the failure information of Al alloy foam.The simulation results for deformation and failure behavior of Al alloy foam are consistent with experimental results.During the quasi-static compression,a shear band can be observed diagonally across the profile of Al alloy foam,with weak regions occurring in the cells with larger volume and higher aspect ratios.Using these weak regions as boundaries,the relative displacement of cell structures on one side compared to another side was identified as the intrinsic cause of shear band formation.The high-strain regions identified by DVC closely match the crack locations on the cell walls,validating the accuracy of DVC on localizing cracks on cell walls and predicting their propagation trends.展开更多
Zn-22 Al alloy closed-cell foams were fabricated by melt foaming process using hydride foaming agent. The compressive properties were investigated under quasi-static condition. The structure of the foamed material was...Zn-22 Al alloy closed-cell foams were fabricated by melt foaming process using hydride foaming agent. The compressive properties were investigated under quasi-static condition. The structure of the foamed material was analyzed during compression test to reveal the relationship between morphology and compressive behavior. The results show that the stress-strain behavior is typical of closed-cell metal foams and mostly of brittle type. Governing deformation mechanism at plateau stage is identified to be brittle crushing. A substantial increase in compressive strength of Zn-22 Al foams was obtained. The agreement between compressive properties and Gibson-Ashby model was also detected.展开更多
Due to the demand of high-tech Al alloy foam with spherical pores, high strength and high energy-absorption capacity has become one of the research foci. The aim of this study is to ascertain the growth regularity of ...Due to the demand of high-tech Al alloy foam with spherical pores, high strength and high energy-absorption capacity has become one of the research foci. The aim of this study is to ascertain the growth regularity of spherical foam in Al alloy melt. Three-dimensional packing model such as face-centered cubic is established to study the spherical foam growth. Theoretical results are compared with experimental ones, and the face-centered cubic model corresponds well with the experiment. It is reasonable to assume that the pores have the same radius, the total pore number keeps unchanged and spherical foam grows with face-centered cubic packing mode. This study presents a useful help to control the average pore radius and film thickness.展开更多
Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foams of different densities were prepared by molten body transitional foaming process.The tensile behavior of Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam was studied and the influence of relative densi...Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foams of different densities were prepared by molten body transitional foaming process.The tensile behavior of Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam was studied and the influence of relative densities on the tensile strength and elastic modulus was also researched.The results show that the fracture surfaces of Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam display quasi-cleavage fracture consisting of brittle cleavages and ductile dimples.The tensile strength and elastic modulus are strictly affected by the relative density of Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam.With increasing relative density,the tensile strength increases and the strain at which the peak strength is measured also increases;in addition,the elastic modulus increases with increasing relative density.展开更多
The aim of the present research is to provide a technique for preparing open-cell Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic foams with uniform cell size.This technique used plant seeds to array templates and centrifugal slip casting to obta...The aim of the present research is to provide a technique for preparing open-cell Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic foams with uniform cell size.This technique used plant seeds to array templates and centrifugal slip casting to obtain cell struts with high packing density.Aqueous Al2O3-ZrO2 slurries with up to 50 vol.% solid contents were prepared and the rheological characteristic of the slurries was investigated.Consolidation was performed at an acceleration of 2,860 g for 60 min.The effect of the characteristic of plant seeds on the drying behavior of Al2O3-ZrO2 green compact was analyzed.The effects of the solid contents of slurries on segregation phenomena of Al2O3 and ZrO2 particles and green compact uniformity were investigated.The compressive stress-strain curve and deformation behavior of Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic foams prepared using plant seed template were analyzed.The results showed segregation phenomenon is negligible for highly stable slurry with 50 vol.% solid loading.The prepared cell struts of Al2O3-ZrO2 foams have high green density (61.9% TD), sintered density (99.1% TD) and homogeneous microstructure.When sintered at 1,550 ℃ for 2 h, the cell size of Al2O3-ZrO2 foam is approximately uniform and the diameter is about 1.1 mm.The porosity and compressive strength of sintered products is 66.2% and 5.86 MPa, respectively.展开更多
Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam bare boards of 1 240 mm×1 100 mm with different densities and thicknesses wereprepared by molten body transitional foaming process.The sound reduction index(R)of Al-Si closed-cell ...Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam bare boards of 1 240 mm×1 100 mm with different densities and thicknesses wereprepared by molten body transitional foaming process.The sound reduction index(R)of Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam bareboards was investigated experimentally under different frequencies(100-4 000 Hz).It is found that sound reduction index(R)issmall under low frequencies,large under high frequencies and is controlled by different mechanisms.The sound insulation propertybasically conforms with the monolayer board sound insulation theory.The sound reduction index(R)increases with the even growthof thickness and density,but its rising trend is tempered.The single number sound reduction indexes(RW)of specimen with thicknessof 20 cm and density of 0.51 g/cm3are 30.8 dB and 33 dB respectively,which demonstrates good sound insulation property forlightmass materials.展开更多
In present study, BP neural network model was proposed for the prediction of ultimate compressive strength of Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic foam filter prepared by centrifugal slip casting. The inputs of the BP neural network mo...In present study, BP neural network model was proposed for the prediction of ultimate compressive strength of Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic foam filter prepared by centrifugal slip casting. The inputs of the BP neural network model were the applied load on the epispastic polystyrene template （F）, centrifugal acceleration （v） and sintering temperature （T）, while the only output was the ultimate compressive strength （（7）. According to the registered BP model, the effects of F, v, T on 0 were analyzed. The predicted results agree with the actual data within reasonable experimental error, indicating that the BP model is practically a very useful tool in property prediction and process parameter design of the Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic foam filter prepared by centrifugal slip casting.展开更多
Living in a habitat with comfort is requested by all. Cinder block bricks have poor thermal properties, leading people to use fan heaters and air conditioners to regain comfort. To overcome this problem of thermal dis...Living in a habitat with comfort is requested by all. Cinder block bricks have poor thermal properties, leading people to use fan heaters and air conditioners to regain comfort. To overcome this problem of thermal discomfort in buildings, we used lightweight concrete such as foamed concrete which is a material that has improved thermal properties for thermal comfort. In addition, this material was compared with local materials used for the construction of buildings such as BTC, adobe and BLT mixed with binders. The results showed that foamed concrete is a material that has good thermal and mechanical properties compared to local materials mixed with binders. The foamed concrete having acceptable thermo-mechanical properties was that having a density of 930 kg/m<sup>3</sup>. It has a thermal resistance of 0.4 m<sup>2</sup>·K/W for a thickness of 20 cm. The foamed concrete having acceptable thermo-mechanical properties was that having a density of 930 kg/m3</sup>. It has a thermal resistance of 0.4 m2</sup>·K/W for a thickness of 20 cm. For sunshine on a daily cycle equal to 12 hours, the characteristic thickness achieved by this material is 7.29 cm. It also has a shallow depth of heat diffusion having a lower thickness than other materials. This shows that foamed concrete is a promising material for the construction of buildings.展开更多
The technique to prepare TiH\-2 coated with layers of Al\-2O\-3 particles by heterogeneous nucleation method with HAc\|NaAc buffer solution as precipitation reagent was studied. The results show that the microscopic s...The technique to prepare TiH\-2 coated with layers of Al\-2O\-3 particles by heterogeneous nucleation method with HAc\|NaAc buffer solution as precipitation reagent was studied. The results show that the microscopic structure of Al\-2O\-3 coating layers depends on the pH value and Al\+\{3+\} concentration range in the solution. The homogeneous and compact coating layers with Al\-2O\-3\|coated TiH\-2 particles can be obtained at 0.05 mol/L and pH=4.5, after heating at 350 ℃. The hydrogen releasing of Al\-2O\-3/TiH\-2 particle is notably delayed with the increase of the temperature, and the delay effect can be used in the production of Al foams.展开更多
基金support provided by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China (No. 2006CB601201)supports from the Research Fund for Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 200802941010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hohai University (No. 2008428011)the Scientific Research Startup Fund of Hohai University(No. 2084140801109)
文摘The open-cell Al foam core sandwiches（AFCSs） were successfully fabricated by using a specially designed Zn-Al-Cu based filler alloy via vibration aided liquid phase bonding method.The effects of the vibration on the bonding seam were investigated and the bonding strength between Al foam core and solid Al alloy face sheet was tested by shearing tests.The results show that vibration can significantly improve the quality of the bonding and the shearing strength of the bonding seam,which implies that this joining method has a good potential in practical applications.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB3802300)the Guang-dong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2021B0301030001)+1 种基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51804239,51972252,and 52171045)the Fundamen-tal Research Project at Zhongshan City in Guangdong province(No.2020B2013).
文摘In this work,we synthesized a brand-new Al foam with a periodic structure via a simple powder metallurgical route.The periodic architecture consists of both hierarchical porous and bi-directional composition-graded structures.The results show that the hierarchical porous material includes large pores on millimeter scale inheriting from the hollow structure of the Al tubes,and small pores on mi-crometer scale produced by the sintering of Al/Mg powders.The bi-directional Mg concentration-graded structure is formed in the tube walls due to the condensation of Mg vapor in the inner tube wall.The addition of Mg powders achieves excellent metallurgical bonding between the Al powders and the hollow tubes at 550℃.The plateau stress and energy absorption capacity of the Al foam in y-axis compression are significantly higher than that in the x-axis due to their anisotropic structure.In general,the Al foam with Mg addition presents the most superior compression performance,and we believe that our find-ings could open up a unique strategy for developing high-performance metallic foams with the periodic architecture involving both hierarchical porous and bi-directional graded structure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51275506)
文摘Three different Ni-Al foams were synthesized by vapor aluminizing with control of aluminizing time. Oxidation tests under 1100 ℃ and compression tests were conducted to evaluate the oxidation resistance and compression properties of the foams. X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）tests were carried out to study the phase composition and microstructure of Ni-Al foams before and after oxidation. Results showed that vapor aluminizing process did not change the foam macro-and microstructure, and the phase composition became from β/γ＇-phase to single β-phase as the aluminizing time extending. The Ni-Al foams possessed excellent oxidation resistance, and decreased A1 content increased oxidation weight gain and altered oxidation products. Foams containing single β-phase presented obvious brittleness under compression tests, but the foam with β/γ＇-phase exhibited elasticity and toughness to a certain extent. The elasticity and toughness of the foams significantly can be improved after oxidation because of the phase changing in matrix during oxidation, and the pre-oxidized high-Al-content Ni-Al foams exhibited good compression properties, as well as excellent oxidation resistance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12072105,11932006,and 52474388).
文摘The applications of Al alloy foam require consideration of potential damage risks,which are closely related to the evolution of its internal pore structures.However,conventional ex situ experimental observation cannot provide information on the structure evolution during deformation.In order to investigate the failure mechanism of Al alloy foam under quasi-static compression,by utilizing X-ray imaging technology,in situ CT image data were obtained during the loading process.A geometric model characterizing the real structure of Al alloy foam was reconstructed from the initial CT images and used for finite element simulation.Besides,based on the digital volume correlation(DVC)method,the displacement and strain fields of Al alloy foam were calculated.The results show that the in situ experimental observation based on X-ray imaging can effectively obtain the failure information of Al alloy foam.The simulation results for deformation and failure behavior of Al alloy foam are consistent with experimental results.During the quasi-static compression,a shear band can be observed diagonally across the profile of Al alloy foam,with weak regions occurring in the cells with larger volume and higher aspect ratios.Using these weak regions as boundaries,the relative displacement of cell structures on one side compared to another side was identified as the intrinsic cause of shear band formation.The high-strain regions identified by DVC closely match the crack locations on the cell walls,validating the accuracy of DVC on localizing cracks on cell walls and predicting their propagation trends.
文摘Zn-22 Al alloy closed-cell foams were fabricated by melt foaming process using hydride foaming agent. The compressive properties were investigated under quasi-static condition. The structure of the foamed material was analyzed during compression test to reveal the relationship between morphology and compressive behavior. The results show that the stress-strain behavior is typical of closed-cell metal foams and mostly of brittle type. Governing deformation mechanism at plateau stage is identified to be brittle crushing. A substantial increase in compressive strength of Zn-22 Al foams was obtained. The agreement between compressive properties and Gibson-Ashby model was also detected.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.50471031,50231010,50081002&19982001)Foundation of Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of Southeast University(Grant No.YBJJ0409) National 973 Project.
文摘Due to the demand of high-tech Al alloy foam with spherical pores, high strength and high energy-absorption capacity has become one of the research foci. The aim of this study is to ascertain the growth regularity of spherical foam in Al alloy melt. Three-dimensional packing model such as face-centered cubic is established to study the spherical foam growth. Theoretical results are compared with experimental ones, and the face-centered cubic model corresponds well with the experiment. It is reasonable to assume that the pores have the same radius, the total pore number keeps unchanged and spherical foam grows with face-centered cubic packing mode. This study presents a useful help to control the average pore radius and film thickness.
基金Project(2002AA334060) supported by the Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foams of different densities were prepared by molten body transitional foaming process.The tensile behavior of Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam was studied and the influence of relative densities on the tensile strength and elastic modulus was also researched.The results show that the fracture surfaces of Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam display quasi-cleavage fracture consisting of brittle cleavages and ductile dimples.The tensile strength and elastic modulus are strictly affected by the relative density of Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam.With increasing relative density,the tensile strength increases and the strain at which the peak strength is measured also increases;in addition,the elastic modulus increases with increasing relative density.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50672014)Innovation Research Team Program of the Ministry of Education (IRT0713)
文摘The aim of the present research is to provide a technique for preparing open-cell Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic foams with uniform cell size.This technique used plant seeds to array templates and centrifugal slip casting to obtain cell struts with high packing density.Aqueous Al2O3-ZrO2 slurries with up to 50 vol.% solid contents were prepared and the rheological characteristic of the slurries was investigated.Consolidation was performed at an acceleration of 2,860 g for 60 min.The effect of the characteristic of plant seeds on the drying behavior of Al2O3-ZrO2 green compact was analyzed.The effects of the solid contents of slurries on segregation phenomena of Al2O3 and ZrO2 particles and green compact uniformity were investigated.The compressive stress-strain curve and deformation behavior of Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic foams prepared using plant seed template were analyzed.The results showed segregation phenomenon is negligible for highly stable slurry with 50 vol.% solid loading.The prepared cell struts of Al2O3-ZrO2 foams have high green density (61.9% TD), sintered density (99.1% TD) and homogeneous microstructure.When sintered at 1,550 ℃ for 2 h, the cell size of Al2O3-ZrO2 foam is approximately uniform and the diameter is about 1.1 mm.The porosity and compressive strength of sintered products is 66.2% and 5.86 MPa, respectively.
基金Project(2002AA334060)supported by Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam bare boards of 1 240 mm×1 100 mm with different densities and thicknesses wereprepared by molten body transitional foaming process.The sound reduction index(R)of Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam bareboards was investigated experimentally under different frequencies(100-4 000 Hz).It is found that sound reduction index(R)issmall under low frequencies,large under high frequencies and is controlled by different mechanisms.The sound insulation propertybasically conforms with the monolayer board sound insulation theory.The sound reduction index(R)increases with the even growthof thickness and density,but its rising trend is tempered.The single number sound reduction indexes(RW)of specimen with thicknessof 20 cm and density of 0.51 g/cm3are 30.8 dB and 33 dB respectively,which demonstrates good sound insulation property forlightmass materials.
基金financially supported by the Innovation Research Team Program of the Ministry of Education(IRT0713)the Key Laboratory of New Materials in Automobile of Liaoning Province(grant No.201016201)Doctoral Initiating Project of Liaoning Province Foundation for Natural Sciences,China
文摘In present study, BP neural network model was proposed for the prediction of ultimate compressive strength of Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic foam filter prepared by centrifugal slip casting. The inputs of the BP neural network model were the applied load on the epispastic polystyrene template （F）, centrifugal acceleration （v） and sintering temperature （T）, while the only output was the ultimate compressive strength （（7）. According to the registered BP model, the effects of F, v, T on 0 were analyzed. The predicted results agree with the actual data within reasonable experimental error, indicating that the BP model is practically a very useful tool in property prediction and process parameter design of the Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic foam filter prepared by centrifugal slip casting.
文摘Living in a habitat with comfort is requested by all. Cinder block bricks have poor thermal properties, leading people to use fan heaters and air conditioners to regain comfort. To overcome this problem of thermal discomfort in buildings, we used lightweight concrete such as foamed concrete which is a material that has improved thermal properties for thermal comfort. In addition, this material was compared with local materials used for the construction of buildings such as BTC, adobe and BLT mixed with binders. The results showed that foamed concrete is a material that has good thermal and mechanical properties compared to local materials mixed with binders. The foamed concrete having acceptable thermo-mechanical properties was that having a density of 930 kg/m<sup>3</sup>. It has a thermal resistance of 0.4 m<sup>2</sup>·K/W for a thickness of 20 cm. The foamed concrete having acceptable thermo-mechanical properties was that having a density of 930 kg/m3</sup>. It has a thermal resistance of 0.4 m2</sup>·K/W for a thickness of 20 cm. For sunshine on a daily cycle equal to 12 hours, the characteristic thickness achieved by this material is 7.29 cm. It also has a shallow depth of heat diffusion having a lower thickness than other materials. This shows that foamed concrete is a promising material for the construction of buildings.
文摘The technique to prepare TiH\-2 coated with layers of Al\-2O\-3 particles by heterogeneous nucleation method with HAc\|NaAc buffer solution as precipitation reagent was studied. The results show that the microscopic structure of Al\-2O\-3 coating layers depends on the pH value and Al\+\{3+\} concentration range in the solution. The homogeneous and compact coating layers with Al\-2O\-3\|coated TiH\-2 particles can be obtained at 0.05 mol/L and pH=4.5, after heating at 350 ℃. The hydrogen releasing of Al\-2O\-3/TiH\-2 particle is notably delayed with the increase of the temperature, and the delay effect can be used in the production of Al foams.
