This research is aimed at investigating Corporate Environmental Responsibility in Manufacturing Enterprises in the Akaki River basin on protecting the urban environment with particular emphasis on twenty selected indu...This research is aimed at investigating Corporate Environmental Responsibility in Manufacturing Enterprises in the Akaki River basin on protecting the urban environment with particular emphasis on twenty selected industries.To attain its objective,the study employed a mixed methods research approach.Data were collected by employing tools such as questionnaire,key informant interview,group discussions and observation.The findings of the research show that corporate environmental responsibility is very low.The majority of Large Scale Industries encompassed in the survey did not show considerable effort on protecting the environment responsibly.The reasons identified by this research are among others the absence of corporate environmental responsibility,low pressure from the enforcing institutions,and lack of financial and human resources.As a result,the Akaki River is highly polluted mainly through toxic industrial effluents released with little or no prior treatment.The consequences are countless.The populations living across the river are facing health deteriorations and economic damages.Based on the findings of this study,setting up strong institutions which are capable of developing new laws and implementing the existing environmental legal framework is commended.展开更多
The current status of persistent organic pollutants in Ethiopian environment is not well monitored despite the existing pollution potential from a number of sources.Water and sediment samples collected from Akaki Rive...The current status of persistent organic pollutants in Ethiopian environment is not well monitored despite the existing pollution potential from a number of sources.Water and sediment samples collected from Akaki River catchment and Aba Samuel Reservoir,Central Ethiopia were analyzed to assess the concentrations,distribution,possible sources and potential ecological risk of eight organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)and seven polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs).Water and sediment samples were extracted by liquid-liquid and Soxhlet extraction respectively,and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy(GC-MS).The detectable OCPs and PCBs in water samples were DDT,DDE,DDD,lindane and dieldrin and PCB-28,PCB-101 and PCB-118,respectively in the rainy season.Analyzed sediment samples showed the presence of lindane in the dry and p,p’-DDT,p,p’-DDE,p,p’-DDD,a,b-endosulfan,heptachlor epoxide(B),and dieldrin in the rainy seasons.Among the indicator PCBs analyzed,sediment samples showed the presence of PCB-52,PCB-101 and PCB-118 in the dry and all indicator PCBs in the rainy seasons.Sources analysis showed that PCBs and detected OCPs were mainly from the historical input of commercial products,but there were recent discharge of DDT and lindane into the river system.Ecological risk assessment of the analyzed OCPs and PCBs using water and sediment quality guidelines indicated that lindane in the dry and p’-DDT,p,p’-DDE,p,p’-DDD,heptachlore epoxide and dieldrin in the rainy seasons in the sediment samples from Akaki river and Aba Samuel reservoir were above the limit at most of the sites.This suggests there is greater possibility of higher ecological hazards in these residues.However,the levels of total PCB concentrations and other OCPs at all sites were below the limit and thus their potential ecotoxicological risks were rather low.展开更多
文摘This research is aimed at investigating Corporate Environmental Responsibility in Manufacturing Enterprises in the Akaki River basin on protecting the urban environment with particular emphasis on twenty selected industries.To attain its objective,the study employed a mixed methods research approach.Data were collected by employing tools such as questionnaire,key informant interview,group discussions and observation.The findings of the research show that corporate environmental responsibility is very low.The majority of Large Scale Industries encompassed in the survey did not show considerable effort on protecting the environment responsibly.The reasons identified by this research are among others the absence of corporate environmental responsibility,low pressure from the enforcing institutions,and lack of financial and human resources.As a result,the Akaki River is highly polluted mainly through toxic industrial effluents released with little or no prior treatment.The consequences are countless.The populations living across the river are facing health deteriorations and economic damages.Based on the findings of this study,setting up strong institutions which are capable of developing new laws and implementing the existing environmental legal framework is commended.
文摘The current status of persistent organic pollutants in Ethiopian environment is not well monitored despite the existing pollution potential from a number of sources.Water and sediment samples collected from Akaki River catchment and Aba Samuel Reservoir,Central Ethiopia were analyzed to assess the concentrations,distribution,possible sources and potential ecological risk of eight organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)and seven polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs).Water and sediment samples were extracted by liquid-liquid and Soxhlet extraction respectively,and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy(GC-MS).The detectable OCPs and PCBs in water samples were DDT,DDE,DDD,lindane and dieldrin and PCB-28,PCB-101 and PCB-118,respectively in the rainy season.Analyzed sediment samples showed the presence of lindane in the dry and p,p’-DDT,p,p’-DDE,p,p’-DDD,a,b-endosulfan,heptachlor epoxide(B),and dieldrin in the rainy seasons.Among the indicator PCBs analyzed,sediment samples showed the presence of PCB-52,PCB-101 and PCB-118 in the dry and all indicator PCBs in the rainy seasons.Sources analysis showed that PCBs and detected OCPs were mainly from the historical input of commercial products,but there were recent discharge of DDT and lindane into the river system.Ecological risk assessment of the analyzed OCPs and PCBs using water and sediment quality guidelines indicated that lindane in the dry and p’-DDT,p,p’-DDE,p,p’-DDD,heptachlore epoxide and dieldrin in the rainy seasons in the sediment samples from Akaki river and Aba Samuel reservoir were above the limit at most of the sites.This suggests there is greater possibility of higher ecological hazards in these residues.However,the levels of total PCB concentrations and other OCPs at all sites were below the limit and thus their potential ecotoxicological risks were rather low.
