Objective:To assess the efficiency of a Sophora flavescens Ait(S.flavescens,Ku Shen)-soluble microneedle(SFA-MN)for improving skin lesion symptoms in mice with psoriasis.Methods:SFA-MNs were prepared using a two-mold ...Objective:To assess the efficiency of a Sophora flavescens Ait(S.flavescens,Ku Shen)-soluble microneedle(SFA-MN)for improving skin lesion symptoms in mice with psoriasis.Methods:SFA-MNs were prepared using a two-mold molding process with 20%w/v poly-vinylpyrrolidone and 15%w/v polyvinyl alcohol.The SFA-MNs were assessed for morphology,mechanical properties,in vitro dissolution,identification of components,and skin lesion improvement in imiquimod-induced psoriasis mice.Results:The SFA-MNs demonstrated good mechanical properties for efficiently penetrating the dermis,facilitating efficient drug delivery.Furthermore,they effectively inhibited mast cell levels in the dorsal lesion area of psoriasis mice and reduced the expression of the T-lymphocyte factor cluster of differ-entiation 3 and tumor necrosis factor-a.In addition,this system alleviated skin inflammation,splenic swelling,and thymic atrophy in the psoriasis-like mouse model.Seven major components were detected from SFA-MNs by comparison of the mass-to-nucleus ratios(m/z)of the secondary fragments N-methylcytisine,5a,9a-dihydroxymatrine,sophoramine,matrine,oxysophocarpine,oxymatrine,and kushenol O.Conclusion:The drug delivery strategy combining traditional herbal S.flavescens with soluble micro-needle technology provides more targeted and effective immune regulation for treating psoriasis-like mice models,enabling enhanced therapeutic effects compared with the control group.展开更多
Leaves from three_year_old solar greenhouse nectarine trees ( Prunus persica L. var. nectarina Ait. “Zao Hong Yan”) were used as materials in this study. It was the first time that the ultrastructural charact...Leaves from three_year_old solar greenhouse nectarine trees ( Prunus persica L. var. nectarina Ait. “Zao Hong Yan”) were used as materials in this study. It was the first time that the ultrastructural characteristics of phloem tissues of source leaves were observed and compared in normal and weak light intensities using the transmission electron microscopy. Results showed that the average diameters of companion cells (CC) and sieve elements (SE) of all kinds of veins were bigger in normal than that in weak light intensity, indicating that light could influence the cell development and growth. Dense cytoplasm with abundant mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulums, multivesicular bodies, vesicles and plastids were observed in normal light intensity. On the contrary, CC with small vacuolar structures and few mitochondrias, endoplasmic reticulums were shown in weak light. Misalignment of grana thylakoid margins of nectarine leaves also was seen in weak light. The sieve pores of SEs were obstructed in weak light. Chloroplasts with numerous starch grains and few mitochondrias were noticed in the mesophyll cell (MES) surrounding the bundle sheath in weak light. The storage of starch grains appeared to result from an unbalance between photosynthate production and export of photosynthates. This observation provided a strong support to the point that most leaves export the most of assimilates in the light time. Plasmodesmal densities between SE/CC, CC/PP (phloem parenchyma cell), PP/PP and PP/BSC (bundle_sheath cell) decreased in weak light. Plasmodesmata were observed between CC/SE (NS) (nacreous_walled sieve element), PP/BSC in branch veins in normal light intensity, but not in weak light. Thus apoplasmic pathway may be the main mode of transport of assimilates in weak light, however symplasmic pathway may be the main mode of transport of assimilates in normal light intensity. These results demonstrated that the solar greenhouse nectarine trees could be adapted to the weak light via the ultrastructure variation of phloem tissues of the source leaves.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82274225)NATCM's Project of High-level Construction of Key TCM Disciplines-Beijing University of Chinese Medicine-Life Science from the Perspective of Chinese Medicine(zyyzdxk-2023263).
文摘Objective:To assess the efficiency of a Sophora flavescens Ait(S.flavescens,Ku Shen)-soluble microneedle(SFA-MN)for improving skin lesion symptoms in mice with psoriasis.Methods:SFA-MNs were prepared using a two-mold molding process with 20%w/v poly-vinylpyrrolidone and 15%w/v polyvinyl alcohol.The SFA-MNs were assessed for morphology,mechanical properties,in vitro dissolution,identification of components,and skin lesion improvement in imiquimod-induced psoriasis mice.Results:The SFA-MNs demonstrated good mechanical properties for efficiently penetrating the dermis,facilitating efficient drug delivery.Furthermore,they effectively inhibited mast cell levels in the dorsal lesion area of psoriasis mice and reduced the expression of the T-lymphocyte factor cluster of differ-entiation 3 and tumor necrosis factor-a.In addition,this system alleviated skin inflammation,splenic swelling,and thymic atrophy in the psoriasis-like mouse model.Seven major components were detected from SFA-MNs by comparison of the mass-to-nucleus ratios(m/z)of the secondary fragments N-methylcytisine,5a,9a-dihydroxymatrine,sophoramine,matrine,oxysophocarpine,oxymatrine,and kushenol O.Conclusion:The drug delivery strategy combining traditional herbal S.flavescens with soluble micro-needle technology provides more targeted and effective immune regulation for treating psoriasis-like mice models,enabling enhanced therapeutic effects compared with the control group.
文摘Leaves from three_year_old solar greenhouse nectarine trees ( Prunus persica L. var. nectarina Ait. “Zao Hong Yan”) were used as materials in this study. It was the first time that the ultrastructural characteristics of phloem tissues of source leaves were observed and compared in normal and weak light intensities using the transmission electron microscopy. Results showed that the average diameters of companion cells (CC) and sieve elements (SE) of all kinds of veins were bigger in normal than that in weak light intensity, indicating that light could influence the cell development and growth. Dense cytoplasm with abundant mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulums, multivesicular bodies, vesicles and plastids were observed in normal light intensity. On the contrary, CC with small vacuolar structures and few mitochondrias, endoplasmic reticulums were shown in weak light. Misalignment of grana thylakoid margins of nectarine leaves also was seen in weak light. The sieve pores of SEs were obstructed in weak light. Chloroplasts with numerous starch grains and few mitochondrias were noticed in the mesophyll cell (MES) surrounding the bundle sheath in weak light. The storage of starch grains appeared to result from an unbalance between photosynthate production and export of photosynthates. This observation provided a strong support to the point that most leaves export the most of assimilates in the light time. Plasmodesmal densities between SE/CC, CC/PP (phloem parenchyma cell), PP/PP and PP/BSC (bundle_sheath cell) decreased in weak light. Plasmodesmata were observed between CC/SE (NS) (nacreous_walled sieve element), PP/BSC in branch veins in normal light intensity, but not in weak light. Thus apoplasmic pathway may be the main mode of transport of assimilates in weak light, however symplasmic pathway may be the main mode of transport of assimilates in normal light intensity. These results demonstrated that the solar greenhouse nectarine trees could be adapted to the weak light via the ultrastructure variation of phloem tissues of the source leaves.
文摘自身免疫性甲状腺炎(Autoimmune Thyroiditis,AIT)是一种常见的器官特异性自身免疫性疾病,临床以桥本甲状腺炎(Hashimoto Thyroiditis,HT)最为多见,属中医“瘿病”范畴。AIT患者普遍存在维生素D缺乏的现象,且缺乏程度与病情严重性相关,补充维生素D有助于降低甲状腺抗体水平、改善免疫失衡、延缓向甲状腺机能减退的进展。重点阐述了AIT发病机制与维生素D体内代谢的密切相关性,维生素D受体(Vitamin D Receptor,VDR)的表达是活性维生素D发挥免疫调控作用的决定因素。探究AIT中医病机,“脾者,主为卫”,脾失之卫、免疫调控异常、防御病邪能力下降为其主要病机,卫气亏虚、气行不畅、痰瘀壅结颈前为发病关键。维生素D作为脾所运化之精微物质,为后天免疫系统的完善奠定了物质基础,是发挥免疫调控作用的重要组成部分。临证治疗应以“运脾强卫”理论为指导,采用升清、散精、祛湿之法,健运脾气,调节维生素D代谢,纠正AIT免疫紊乱。
