In order to solve the problems of low production efficiency,great loss and low yield,Millet Research Institute of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences integrated the plastic film mulching technique and m...In order to solve the problems of low production efficiency,great loss and low yield,Millet Research Institute of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences integrated the plastic film mulching technique and mechanized production technique,forming a foxtail millet production technique combining machinery and agronomy.The foxtail millet production technique combining machinery and agronomy regulates millet production from the links of soil preparation,fertilization,variety selection,seeding,intertillage and fertilization and harvest,so as to achieve the effects of promoting the matching between agro-machinery and agronomy,improving the level of millet production mechanization,realizing light simplified production and saving labor cost.This technical regulation has a broad application prospect.展开更多
ln order to explore the effect of broadcast application of urea （BR-U） and surface concentrated-fertilization on grain yield and nitrogen agronomy efficiency of two-line super hybrid rice, this experiment was conduc...ln order to explore the effect of broadcast application of urea （BR-U） and surface concentrated-fertilization on grain yield and nitrogen agronomy efficiency of two-line super hybrid rice, this experiment was conducted with super hybrid rice Y-Liangyou 1 and Liangyou 0293 to determine til ering dynamics, SPAD, LAl and dry matter accumulation. lts total N application was 180 kg/hm2 and different application rate and topdressing methods were set respectively. The results showed that grain yield and nitrogen agronomy efficiency were significantly improved with the T3 and T4 nitrogenous fertilizer application model. The improving of grain yield and nitrogen agronomy efficiency was benefited from rational postponing N application. However, neither single application of base fertilizer （T2） nor single application of topdressing fertilizer （T5 and T6） can coordinate the relationship between source and sink. Both grain yield and nitrogen agronomy efficiency were insignificantly under the broadcast application of urea and surface concentrated fertilization.展开更多
Agriculture is the foundation of social development.Under the pressure of population growth,natural disasters,environmental pollution,climate change,and food safety,the interdisciplinary"new agriculture"is b...Agriculture is the foundation of social development.Under the pressure of population growth,natural disasters,environmental pollution,climate change,and food safety,the interdisciplinary"new agriculture"is becoming an important trend of modern agriculture.In fact,new agriculture is not only the foundation of great health and new energy sources,but is also the cornerstone of national food security,energy security,and biosafety.Hydrogen agronomy focuses mainly on the mechanism of hydrogen gas(H2)biology effects in agriculture,and provides a theoretical foundation for the practice of hydrogen agriculture,a component of the new agriculture.Previous research on the biological effects of H2 focused chiefly on medicine.The mechanism of selective antioxidant is the main theoretical basis of hydrogen medicine.Subsequent experiments have demonstrated that H2 can regulate the growth and development of plant crops,edible fungus,and livestock,and enhance the tolerance of these agriculturally important organisms against abiotic and biotic stresses.Even more importantly,H2 can regulate the growth and development of crops by changing the soil microbial community composition and structure.Use of H2 can also improve the nutritional value and postharvest quality of agricultural products.Researchers have also shown that the biological functions of molecular hydrogen are mediated by modulating reactive oxygen species(ROS),nitric oxide(NO),and carbon monoxide(CO)signaling cascades in plants and microbes.This review summarizes and clarifies the history of hydrogen agronomy and describes recent progress in the field.We also argue that emerging hydrogen agriculture will be an important direction in the new agriculture.Further,we discuss several scientific problems in hydrogen agronomy,and suggest that the future of hydrogen agronomy depends on contributions by multiple disciplines.Important future research directions of hydrogen agronomy include hydrogen agriculture in special environments,such as islands,reefs,aircraft,and outer space.展开更多
Crop phenomics enables the collection of diverse plant traits for a large number of samples along different time scales,representing a greater data collection throughput compared with traditional measurements.Most mod...Crop phenomics enables the collection of diverse plant traits for a large number of samples along different time scales,representing a greater data collection throughput compared with traditional measurements.Most modern crop phenomics use different sensors to collect reflective,emitted,and fluorescence signals,etc.,from plant organs at different spatial and temporal resolutions.Such multi-modal,high-dimensional data not only accelerates basic research on crop physiology,genetics,and whole plant systems modeling,but also supports the optimization of field agronomic practices,internal environments of plant factories,and ultimately crop breeding.Major challenges and opportunities facing the current crop phenomics research community include developing community consensus or standards for data collection,management,sharing,and processing,developing capabilities to measure physiological parameters,and enabling farmers and breeders to effectively use phenomics in the field to directly support agricultural production.展开更多
The mechanization level of peanut production is the bottleneck restricting the development of peanut production in China,while integration of agronomy and agricultural machinery is an essential approach for improving ...The mechanization level of peanut production is the bottleneck restricting the development of peanut production in China,while integration of agronomy and agricultural machinery is an essential approach for improving mechanization level of peanut production. This paper elaborated requirements of peanut agronomy for agricultural machinery from peanut planting modes,land cultivation,sowing,harvesting,picking,and shelling,etc. Besides,it discussed requirements of agricultural machinery for agronomy from peanut seed quality,variety characteristics,planting modes,and soil condition. In addition,it analyzed existing problems and restricting factors of integration of peanut agronomy and agricultural machinery. Finally,it came up with recommendations for development strategies including increasing government fund input,optimizing industrial distribution,and multidisciplinary joint research.展开更多
Seedling emergence and seedling establishment are two important phases for the good crop stand and final maize crop harvest. A field study was conducted to explore the effects of different tillage practices and poultr...Seedling emergence and seedling establishment are two important phases for the good crop stand and final maize crop harvest. A field study was conducted to explore the effects of different tillage practices and poultry manure levels on the seedling emergence, growth, development, yield, and economics of the spring planted maize during 2010 and 2011. Experimental treatments include four tillage treatments (zero, minimum, conventional and deep tillage) and three poultry manure amendments (control (no manure), 5 Mg·ha-1 and 10 Mg·ha-1). Seedling emergence was linearly affected as the tillage intensity was increased. Significant relationship of tillage with leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, net assimilation rate and total dry matter was recorded during the both years. Poultry manure at the rate of 10 Mg·ha-1 produced the higher leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, total dry matter and grain yield as compared to 5 Mg·ha-1 and control. Moreover, experimental results concluded that the deep tillage practice has taken less time to start emergence. Similarly, higher values trend of leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, total dry matter accumulation and grain yield was shifted from deep tillage to conventional, minimum and zero tillage practices during both years. Economically, the minimum tillage with poultry manure at rate of 10 Mg·ha-1 gave the better benefit to cost ratio and crop productivity as compared to conventional, deep and zero tillage. The experiment suggested the minimum tillage with poultry manure at the rate of 10 Mg·ha-1 may ensure the maize grain yield sustainability.展开更多
Local red culture is an important educational resource.Integrating it into the course of agronomy majors is an important part of cultivating applied talents who grasp and love agriculture in the new era.This paper ana...Local red culture is an important educational resource.Integrating it into the course of agronomy majors is an important part of cultivating applied talents who grasp and love agriculture in the new era.This paper analyzes the necessity of integrating local red culture into courses of agronomy majors,discusses the current challenges,and puts forward specific recommendations.展开更多
SCOPE Rice Science is an international peer-reviewed journal sponsored by China National Rice Research Institute and hosting by Elsevier B V.It publishes original research papers,reviews,experimental technique as well...SCOPE Rice Science is an international peer-reviewed journal sponsored by China National Rice Research Institute and hosting by Elsevier B V.It publishes original research papers,reviews,experimental technique as well as letters on rice science in English language.Some of the topics that may be included in each issue are:breeding and genetics,biotechnology,germplasm resources,agronomy,pest management,soil and fertilizer management and cereal chemistry.展开更多
SCOPE Rice Science is an international peer-reviewed journal sponsored by China National Rice Research Institute and hosting by Elsevier B V.It publishes original research papers,reviews,experimental technique as well...SCOPE Rice Science is an international peer-reviewed journal sponsored by China National Rice Research Institute and hosting by Elsevier B V.It publishes original research papers,reviews,experimental technique as well as letters on rice science in English language.Some of the topics that may be included in each issue are:breeding and genetics,biotechnology,germplasm resources,agronomy,pest management,soil and fertilizer management and cereal chemistry.The full texts of Rice Science are available online at http://www.ricescience.org or http://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/rice-science.展开更多
Asian Agricultural Research(ISSN 1943-9903),founded in 2009,is a monthly comprehensive agricultural academic journal published and approved by the Library of Congress of the United States of America.Asian Agricultural...Asian Agricultural Research(ISSN 1943-9903),founded in 2009,is a monthly comprehensive agricultural academic journal published and approved by the Library of Congress of the United States of America.Asian Agricultural Research is devoted to the study of Economic Management,Land Science,Resource and Environment,Agronomy and Horticulture,Animal Science,Biotechnology,Food Science,and Agro-product Processing,Agricultural Engineering,Agricultural Information Science,Rural Tourism,Agricultural Education,and Agricultural History.展开更多
At elevated temperature regimes and abundant precipitation, mobilization and accretion of weathered iron oxides are promoted especially in a reduced environments in the tropics. This may lead to the formation of plint...At elevated temperature regimes and abundant precipitation, mobilization and accretion of weathered iron oxides are promoted especially in a reduced environments in the tropics. This may lead to the formation of plinthite, which hardens irreversibly upon repeated wetting and drying to form petroplinthite. The need for this review stems from the seemingly dearth of information on the subject and a need to clarify different terms used in describing plinthite. We review various research works on plinthite and its associated pedogenic forms in the tropics. Furthermore, we proffer recommendations as to the most appropriate land use management practices that could help minimise the environmental and agronomic problems associated with plinthite and its related pedogenic forms. Parent material, temperature, seasonality and geomorphology are critical factors that influence soil water regime which in turn affect the pedogenesis of plinthite. Soil pH and mineralogy are additional factors that could also promote plinthite formation. Fossil plinthic soils are potential proxies for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. Measures used in the management of plinthic soils include mechanically breaking the hardpans and the use of organic and inorganic amendments to modify the structure and chemistry of the soils. Avoidance of practices that would predispose soils to erosion would also prevent plinthization. We call for the relinquishment of the term ＂[aterite＂ which is a generM term for all forms of iron oxide-enriched earthy materials as used for plinthite. Plinthic horizon should also be incorporated into the United States Department of Agriculture Soil Taxonomy in view of its growing importance in soils.展开更多
In order to study interactions between agronomic variables and chemical composition that determine the quality of tomato fruits, a group of statistical techniques were applied: discriminant analysis (DA), cluster anal...In order to study interactions between agronomic variables and chemical composition that determine the quality of tomato fruits, a group of statistical techniques were applied: discriminant analysis (DA), cluster analysis (CA) and princepal component analysis (PCA) combined with ANOVA. The results of DA when characterizing the agronomic parameters were successful, especially when the collection date was used as a factor for classification. CA showed the importance of the chemical variables related to the metabolic relationships, while the principal component analysis and ANOVA provide information on the interaction between variables related to the production and chemical composition of tomatoes. The combined use of PCA and ANOVA is a suitable tool for studying the complex interactions between agronomy and chemical composition. Collection date was the main agronomic parameter effected the chemical composition, while variety and production system had a minor effect. The application of PCAANOVA showed that the taste of tomato depends on three factors: sugars (glucose and fructose), acidity (citric, malic and ascobirc acids), and minerals (Na and Mg). For the tomatoes with same maturity degree, the taste depends on interaction of date collection and system production.展开更多
The annual rainfall is low and the fresh water resources are scarce for the rainfed farming in dry zone of northern China,which seriously affects the sowing and growth of spring corn. In order to solve this problem,th...The annual rainfall is low and the fresh water resources are scarce for the rainfed farming in dry zone of northern China,which seriously affects the sowing and growth of spring corn. In order to solve this problem,the technology of ridge-mulching and side-sowing of spring corn is put forward,the supporting compound operation seeder is developed,and the effect of different speed on the quality of sowing is tested and analyzed. Under the test conditions described in this paper,the seeding operation with a high speed( up to 6 km/h) can be realized,and the quality of the seeding operation can meet the requirements of the national standards. The application of this machine can solve the problem of " drought damage at the booting stage" for spring corn,thereby realizing the deep fusion of farming machine and agronomy in dry farming of northern China,and achieving the integration of farming machine and agronomy.展开更多
In order to start a new situation for the development of higher education in China,and to achieve the goal of educating people through the whole process and all-round education in colleges and universities,this paper ...In order to start a new situation for the development of higher education in China,and to achieve the goal of educating people through the whole process and all-round education in colleges and universities,this paper takes Crop Breeding Course as an example,from the characteristics of the curriculum,the history of crop breeding and the ideological and political elements of professional courses,explored the curriculum construction in the aspects of excavation,and summarized the effects of the ideological and political construction of Crop Breeding Course.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to reveal the migration and distribution law of soil available nutrients in soil layer under moistube irrigation and screen out suitable fertilization modes for facility cucumber p...[Objectives]This study was conducted to reveal the migration and distribution law of soil available nutrients in soil layer under moistube irrigation and screen out suitable fertilization modes for facility cucumber planting.[Methods]The experiment adopted the moistube irrigation mode and randomized block design.Seven treatments were set up as following:inorganic fertilizer(T 1),medium-concentration inorganic fertilizer(T 2),high-concentration inorganic fertilizer(T 3),low-concentration inorganic fertilizer+low-concentration biological organic fertilizer(T 4),low-concentration inorganic fertilizer+medium-concentration biological organic fertilizer(T 5),low-concentration inorganic fertilizer+high-concentration biological organic fertilizer(T 6)and no fertilizer control(CK).Nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in soil and fruit yield and quality were determined.[Results]Under the moistube irrigation mode,the application of soluble bio-organic fertilizer combined with inorganic fertilizer could significantly increase the contents of available nutrients in the 0-40 cm soil layer available for cucumber utilization,and promote the absorption of available nutrients by cucumber plants.It reduced the contents of nitrate nitrogen and available potassium in the soil layer of 40-60 cm,but had no significant effect on the content of available phosphorus in the soil layer of 40-60 cm.Compared with the CK treatment,the cucumber yield,vitamin C content,soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of treatment T 6 increased by 69.27%,29.68%,55.91%and 32.5%,respectively.Compared with treatment T 3(high-concentration inorganic fertilizer),treatment T 6 showed no significant difference in yield,but its nitrate content decreased by 15.97%.Soluble bio-organic fertilizer combined with inorganic fertilizer could be well combined with moistube irrigation,which could not only achieve high yield,but also reduce the risk of environmental pollution caused by fertilization,thus achieving the purpose of saving water and fertilizers and protecting the ecological environment.Considering the yield and quality of cucumber fruit,treatment T 6 was a more suitable fertilization model for cucumber planting in moistube irrigation facilities.[Conclusions]This study provides a scientific basis for the popularization of moistube irrigation techniques and efficient utilization of fertilizers.展开更多
Banana de-handing is an important part of banana post-harvesting operation.The traditional artificial de-handing model has problems such as labor intensity,inaccurate cutting,uneven cutting surface,unstable catching,a...Banana de-handing is an important part of banana post-harvesting operation.The traditional artificial de-handing model has problems such as labor intensity,inaccurate cutting,uneven cutting surface,unstable catching,and damage of banana fruit,etc.The mapping relationship between the characteristic parameters of the movement posture of the cutter and the influencing factors of the contact stress of banana crown cutting in unstructured environments,and the changing rules of the bumping contact stress of complex multi-shaped banana fruit with the physical property parameters of the cushioning material are the theoretical and technical difficulties that urgently need to be solved in the realization of banana mechanical de-handing.The future research(research on the coupling mechanism of visual cognition-mechanism cutting and low-destructive catching method of full-field continuous de-handing of bananas under multi-constraint scenarios)should:(1)create a database of banana crown,obtain the optimal banana crown recognition model,develop a recognition and locating system of the cutting line of banana crown and obtain its spatial location information;(2)establish the discrete element mechanical model of banana crown and the interaction model between banana crown and the cutter,clarify the stress change and the force wave transmission characteristics of the cutting process,construct the multi-objective optimization equation of the cutting performance,obtain the best combination of cutting parameters,and ascertain the mechanisms of synergistic locating and continuous cutting of banana crown;(3)establish the contact mechanical model of banana fruit drop-bump,parse the bumping characteristics between banana fruit and cushioning material,construct mathematical equations to quantitatively assess damage results,and determine the detract catching method of banana fruit that matches the de-handing mode in multi-constraint scenarios.This study showed that the real-time identification and spatial positioning of fruit,the mechanical properties of crown and the optimization of cutting performance,the damage mechanism of fruit and its loss-reducing harvesting method are the three key breakthroughs in realizing the robotization of de-handing.The current bottleneck problems and future research directions of intelligent banana de-handing were pointed out in this paper,which can provide a theoretical basis for the optimal design of banana de-handing devices and provide technical support for promoting the practical application of intelligent de-handing equipment.展开更多
1.Introduction Information Processing in Agriculture is an international open access journal for the publication of advanced information technology for solving problems in agriculture and related industries,which incl...1.Introduction Information Processing in Agriculture is an international open access journal for the publication of advanced information technology for solving problems in agriculture and related industries,which include agronomy,forestry,aquaculture,animal/livestock science,plant science,environment and food processing,food safety and quality tracking,and so on.展开更多
1.Introduction Information Processing in Agriculture is an international open access journal for the publication of advanced information technology for solving problems in agriculture and related industries,which incl...1.Introduction Information Processing in Agriculture is an international open access journal for the publication of advanced information technology for solving problems in agriculture and related industries,which include agronomy,forestry,aquaculture,animal/livestock science,plant science,environment and food processing,food safety and quality tracking,and so on.The information technologies.展开更多
This study examines the effects of different organic carrier materials,chicken manure,mill mud,and cow manure on the long-term viability and metabolite profiles of rhizobacterial strains Mesorhizobium sp.and Rhizobium...This study examines the effects of different organic carrier materials,chicken manure,mill mud,and cow manure on the long-term viability and metabolite profiles of rhizobacterial strains Mesorhizobium sp.and Rhizobium sp.Over one year,growth curve analysis revealed significant differences in bacterial proliferation.Mill mud supported the most robust growth,with a doubling of 11 days,compared to chicken and cow manure,which exhibited growth saturation after five to eight months.Non-targeted 1H-NMR metabolite profiling revealed distinct sugar and amino acid profiles across carriers.Mill mud exhibited a broader range of sugars,including sucrose,maltose,and mannose,while chicken and cow manure primarily contained monosaccharides like glucose,xylose,and mannitol.Amino acids such as lysine and glutamate were higher in chicken manure,followed by cow manure and mill mud.Plant growth-promoting metabolites were detected in all carriers,with Mesorhizobium sp.and Rhizobium sp.enhancing their production by up to 200%in mill mud and cow manure.Both bacterial strains utilized sugars from the carriers,with Mesorhizobium sp.showing more consistent sugar metabolism.These findings suggest that mill mud is an effective carrier for sustaining rhizobacterial viability and enhancing metabolite production,benefiting biofertilizer formulations and soil health.展开更多
Zhang Xianlong, male, born in March 1963, from Zhumadian, Henan Province, is a professor at Huazhong Agricultural University. He graduated from the Department of Agronomy at Huazhong Agricultural University in 1984 an...Zhang Xianlong, male, born in March 1963, from Zhumadian, Henan Province, is a professor at Huazhong Agricultural University. He graduated from the Department of Agronomy at Huazhong Agricultural University in 1984 and obtained his master's and doctoral degrees in crop genetics and breeding from the same university in 1987 and 1990, respectively.展开更多
文摘In order to solve the problems of low production efficiency,great loss and low yield,Millet Research Institute of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences integrated the plastic film mulching technique and mechanized production technique,forming a foxtail millet production technique combining machinery and agronomy.The foxtail millet production technique combining machinery and agronomy regulates millet production from the links of soil preparation,fertilization,variety selection,seeding,intertillage and fertilization and harvest,so as to achieve the effects of promoting the matching between agro-machinery and agronomy,improving the level of millet production mechanization,realizing light simplified production and saving labor cost.This technical regulation has a broad application prospect.
基金Supported by Nation Key technology R&D Program(2012BAD07B02)National Innovation Experiment Program for University Students(104892013032)Hubei Provincial Key Discipline of Crop Science in Yangtze University~~
文摘ln order to explore the effect of broadcast application of urea （BR-U） and surface concentrated-fertilization on grain yield and nitrogen agronomy efficiency of two-line super hybrid rice, this experiment was conducted with super hybrid rice Y-Liangyou 1 and Liangyou 0293 to determine til ering dynamics, SPAD, LAl and dry matter accumulation. lts total N application was 180 kg/hm2 and different application rate and topdressing methods were set respectively. The results showed that grain yield and nitrogen agronomy efficiency were significantly improved with the T3 and T4 nitrogenous fertilizer application model. The improving of grain yield and nitrogen agronomy efficiency was benefited from rational postponing N application. However, neither single application of base fertilizer （T2） nor single application of topdressing fertilizer （T5 and T6） can coordinate the relationship between source and sink. Both grain yield and nitrogen agronomy efficiency were insignificantly under the broadcast application of urea and surface concentrated fertilization.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31972396)the Foshan Agriculture Science and Technology Project(Foshan City Budget,No.140,2019)the Funding from Center of Hydrogen Science,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China。
文摘Agriculture is the foundation of social development.Under the pressure of population growth,natural disasters,environmental pollution,climate change,and food safety,the interdisciplinary"new agriculture"is becoming an important trend of modern agriculture.In fact,new agriculture is not only the foundation of great health and new energy sources,but is also the cornerstone of national food security,energy security,and biosafety.Hydrogen agronomy focuses mainly on the mechanism of hydrogen gas(H2)biology effects in agriculture,and provides a theoretical foundation for the practice of hydrogen agriculture,a component of the new agriculture.Previous research on the biological effects of H2 focused chiefly on medicine.The mechanism of selective antioxidant is the main theoretical basis of hydrogen medicine.Subsequent experiments have demonstrated that H2 can regulate the growth and development of plant crops,edible fungus,and livestock,and enhance the tolerance of these agriculturally important organisms against abiotic and biotic stresses.Even more importantly,H2 can regulate the growth and development of crops by changing the soil microbial community composition and structure.Use of H2 can also improve the nutritional value and postharvest quality of agricultural products.Researchers have also shown that the biological functions of molecular hydrogen are mediated by modulating reactive oxygen species(ROS),nitric oxide(NO),and carbon monoxide(CO)signaling cascades in plants and microbes.This review summarizes and clarifies the history of hydrogen agronomy and describes recent progress in the field.We also argue that emerging hydrogen agriculture will be an important direction in the new agriculture.Further,we discuss several scientific problems in hydrogen agronomy,and suggest that the future of hydrogen agronomy depends on contributions by multiple disciplines.Important future research directions of hydrogen agronomy include hydrogen agriculture in special environments,such as islands,reefs,aircraft,and outer space.
基金supported by National Research and Development Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2020YFA0907600,2018YFA0900600,2019YFA09004600)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB27020105,XDB37020104,XDA24010203,XDA0450202)+2 种基金National Science Foundation of China(31870214)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1000100)STI2030eMajor Projects(2023ZD04076).
文摘Crop phenomics enables the collection of diverse plant traits for a large number of samples along different time scales,representing a greater data collection throughput compared with traditional measurements.Most modern crop phenomics use different sensors to collect reflective,emitted,and fluorescence signals,etc.,from plant organs at different spatial and temporal resolutions.Such multi-modal,high-dimensional data not only accelerates basic research on crop physiology,genetics,and whole plant systems modeling,but also supports the optimization of field agronomic practices,internal environments of plant factories,and ultimately crop breeding.Major challenges and opportunities facing the current crop phenomics research community include developing community consensus or standards for data collection,management,sharing,and processing,developing capabilities to measure physiological parameters,and enabling farmers and breeders to effectively use phenomics in the field to directly support agricultural production.
基金Supported by People’s Livelihood Plan of Qingdao City(13-1-3-82-nsh)Special Project of Science and Technology Innovation of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2014CXZ11-2+4 种基金2014CXZ06-2)Special Project for Construction of Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System of Shandong Province(SDAIT-05-021-04)National Science and Technology Support Program(2014BAD11B04)Key Application Technological Innovation Project of Agriculture in Shandong ProvinceChina Agricultural Research System(CARS-14)
文摘The mechanization level of peanut production is the bottleneck restricting the development of peanut production in China,while integration of agronomy and agricultural machinery is an essential approach for improving mechanization level of peanut production. This paper elaborated requirements of peanut agronomy for agricultural machinery from peanut planting modes,land cultivation,sowing,harvesting,picking,and shelling,etc. Besides,it discussed requirements of agricultural machinery for agronomy from peanut seed quality,variety characteristics,planting modes,and soil condition. In addition,it analyzed existing problems and restricting factors of integration of peanut agronomy and agricultural machinery. Finally,it came up with recommendations for development strategies including increasing government fund input,optimizing industrial distribution,and multidisciplinary joint research.
文摘Seedling emergence and seedling establishment are two important phases for the good crop stand and final maize crop harvest. A field study was conducted to explore the effects of different tillage practices and poultry manure levels on the seedling emergence, growth, development, yield, and economics of the spring planted maize during 2010 and 2011. Experimental treatments include four tillage treatments (zero, minimum, conventional and deep tillage) and three poultry manure amendments (control (no manure), 5 Mg·ha-1 and 10 Mg·ha-1). Seedling emergence was linearly affected as the tillage intensity was increased. Significant relationship of tillage with leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, net assimilation rate and total dry matter was recorded during the both years. Poultry manure at the rate of 10 Mg·ha-1 produced the higher leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, total dry matter and grain yield as compared to 5 Mg·ha-1 and control. Moreover, experimental results concluded that the deep tillage practice has taken less time to start emergence. Similarly, higher values trend of leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, total dry matter accumulation and grain yield was shifted from deep tillage to conventional, minimum and zero tillage practices during both years. Economically, the minimum tillage with poultry manure at rate of 10 Mg·ha-1 gave the better benefit to cost ratio and crop productivity as compared to conventional, deep and zero tillage. The experiment suggested the minimum tillage with poultry manure at the rate of 10 Mg·ha-1 may ensure the maize grain yield sustainability.
基金Supported by Project of Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences,Ministry of Education and Research Center Base for Revolutionary Spirit and Cultural Resources of the Communist Party of China in Zunyi Normal University(22KRIZYPY12)Teaching Content and Curriculum System Reform and Cultivation Project of Zunyi Normal University in 2022(JGPY2022001)+1 种基金Teaching Content and Curriculum System Reform Project of Guizhou Province in 2022(GZJG20220776)Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions Qianbei Modern Mountain High-efficiency Agricultural Scientific and Technological Achievements Transfer and Transformation Service Rural Revitalization Demonstration Base(Qian Jiao Ji[2022]No.067).
文摘Local red culture is an important educational resource.Integrating it into the course of agronomy majors is an important part of cultivating applied talents who grasp and love agriculture in the new era.This paper analyzes the necessity of integrating local red culture into courses of agronomy majors,discusses the current challenges,and puts forward specific recommendations.
文摘SCOPE Rice Science is an international peer-reviewed journal sponsored by China National Rice Research Institute and hosting by Elsevier B V.It publishes original research papers,reviews,experimental technique as well as letters on rice science in English language.Some of the topics that may be included in each issue are:breeding and genetics,biotechnology,germplasm resources,agronomy,pest management,soil and fertilizer management and cereal chemistry.
文摘SCOPE Rice Science is an international peer-reviewed journal sponsored by China National Rice Research Institute and hosting by Elsevier B V.It publishes original research papers,reviews,experimental technique as well as letters on rice science in English language.Some of the topics that may be included in each issue are:breeding and genetics,biotechnology,germplasm resources,agronomy,pest management,soil and fertilizer management and cereal chemistry.The full texts of Rice Science are available online at http://www.ricescience.org or http://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/rice-science.
文摘Asian Agricultural Research(ISSN 1943-9903),founded in 2009,is a monthly comprehensive agricultural academic journal published and approved by the Library of Congress of the United States of America.Asian Agricultural Research is devoted to the study of Economic Management,Land Science,Resource and Environment,Agronomy and Horticulture,Animal Science,Biotechnology,Food Science,and Agro-product Processing,Agricultural Engineering,Agricultural Information Science,Rural Tourism,Agricultural Education,and Agricultural History.
文摘At elevated temperature regimes and abundant precipitation, mobilization and accretion of weathered iron oxides are promoted especially in a reduced environments in the tropics. This may lead to the formation of plinthite, which hardens irreversibly upon repeated wetting and drying to form petroplinthite. The need for this review stems from the seemingly dearth of information on the subject and a need to clarify different terms used in describing plinthite. We review various research works on plinthite and its associated pedogenic forms in the tropics. Furthermore, we proffer recommendations as to the most appropriate land use management practices that could help minimise the environmental and agronomic problems associated with plinthite and its related pedogenic forms. Parent material, temperature, seasonality and geomorphology are critical factors that influence soil water regime which in turn affect the pedogenesis of plinthite. Soil pH and mineralogy are additional factors that could also promote plinthite formation. Fossil plinthic soils are potential proxies for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. Measures used in the management of plinthic soils include mechanically breaking the hardpans and the use of organic and inorganic amendments to modify the structure and chemistry of the soils. Avoidance of practices that would predispose soils to erosion would also prevent plinthization. We call for the relinquishment of the term ＂[aterite＂ which is a generM term for all forms of iron oxide-enriched earthy materials as used for plinthite. Plinthic horizon should also be incorporated into the United States Department of Agriculture Soil Taxonomy in view of its growing importance in soils.
文摘In order to study interactions between agronomic variables and chemical composition that determine the quality of tomato fruits, a group of statistical techniques were applied: discriminant analysis (DA), cluster analysis (CA) and princepal component analysis (PCA) combined with ANOVA. The results of DA when characterizing the agronomic parameters were successful, especially when the collection date was used as a factor for classification. CA showed the importance of the chemical variables related to the metabolic relationships, while the principal component analysis and ANOVA provide information on the interaction between variables related to the production and chemical composition of tomatoes. The combined use of PCA and ANOVA is a suitable tool for studying the complex interactions between agronomy and chemical composition. Collection date was the main agronomic parameter effected the chemical composition, while variety and production system had a minor effect. The application of PCAANOVA showed that the taste of tomato depends on three factors: sugars (glucose and fructose), acidity (citric, malic and ascobirc acids), and minerals (Na and Mg). For the tomatoes with same maturity degree, the taste depends on interaction of date collection and system production.
基金Supported by Project of Bohai Granary in Hebei Province(2013BAD05B0504)Science and Technology Innovation Project of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(F17C10007-4)
文摘The annual rainfall is low and the fresh water resources are scarce for the rainfed farming in dry zone of northern China,which seriously affects the sowing and growth of spring corn. In order to solve this problem,the technology of ridge-mulching and side-sowing of spring corn is put forward,the supporting compound operation seeder is developed,and the effect of different speed on the quality of sowing is tested and analyzed. Under the test conditions described in this paper,the seeding operation with a high speed( up to 6 km/h) can be realized,and the quality of the seeding operation can meet the requirements of the national standards. The application of this machine can solve the problem of " drought damage at the booting stage" for spring corn,thereby realizing the deep fusion of farming machine and agronomy in dry farming of northern China,and achieving the integration of farming machine and agronomy.
基金Project of Ideological and Political Construction of Crop Breeding Course in Hunan University of Arts and Science(J35020040).
文摘In order to start a new situation for the development of higher education in China,and to achieve the goal of educating people through the whole process and all-round education in colleges and universities,this paper takes Crop Breeding Course as an example,from the characteristics of the curriculum,the history of crop breeding and the ideological and political elements of professional courses,explored the curriculum construction in the aspects of excavation,and summarized the effects of the ideological and political construction of Crop Breeding Course.
基金Supported by Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province(202302140601009).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to reveal the migration and distribution law of soil available nutrients in soil layer under moistube irrigation and screen out suitable fertilization modes for facility cucumber planting.[Methods]The experiment adopted the moistube irrigation mode and randomized block design.Seven treatments were set up as following:inorganic fertilizer(T 1),medium-concentration inorganic fertilizer(T 2),high-concentration inorganic fertilizer(T 3),low-concentration inorganic fertilizer+low-concentration biological organic fertilizer(T 4),low-concentration inorganic fertilizer+medium-concentration biological organic fertilizer(T 5),low-concentration inorganic fertilizer+high-concentration biological organic fertilizer(T 6)and no fertilizer control(CK).Nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in soil and fruit yield and quality were determined.[Results]Under the moistube irrigation mode,the application of soluble bio-organic fertilizer combined with inorganic fertilizer could significantly increase the contents of available nutrients in the 0-40 cm soil layer available for cucumber utilization,and promote the absorption of available nutrients by cucumber plants.It reduced the contents of nitrate nitrogen and available potassium in the soil layer of 40-60 cm,but had no significant effect on the content of available phosphorus in the soil layer of 40-60 cm.Compared with the CK treatment,the cucumber yield,vitamin C content,soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of treatment T 6 increased by 69.27%,29.68%,55.91%and 32.5%,respectively.Compared with treatment T 3(high-concentration inorganic fertilizer),treatment T 6 showed no significant difference in yield,but its nitrate content decreased by 15.97%.Soluble bio-organic fertilizer combined with inorganic fertilizer could be well combined with moistube irrigation,which could not only achieve high yield,but also reduce the risk of environmental pollution caused by fertilization,thus achieving the purpose of saving water and fertilizers and protecting the ecological environment.Considering the yield and quality of cucumber fruit,treatment T 6 was a more suitable fertilization model for cucumber planting in moistube irrigation facilities.[Conclusions]This study provides a scientific basis for the popularization of moistube irrigation techniques and efficient utilization of fertilizers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271996)Zhejiang Provincial Key R&D Program of China(2022C02013 and 2021C02023)+2 种基金Bingtuan Science and Technology Program(2021 DB001)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZC20232310)the China Scholarship Council.
文摘Banana de-handing is an important part of banana post-harvesting operation.The traditional artificial de-handing model has problems such as labor intensity,inaccurate cutting,uneven cutting surface,unstable catching,and damage of banana fruit,etc.The mapping relationship between the characteristic parameters of the movement posture of the cutter and the influencing factors of the contact stress of banana crown cutting in unstructured environments,and the changing rules of the bumping contact stress of complex multi-shaped banana fruit with the physical property parameters of the cushioning material are the theoretical and technical difficulties that urgently need to be solved in the realization of banana mechanical de-handing.The future research(research on the coupling mechanism of visual cognition-mechanism cutting and low-destructive catching method of full-field continuous de-handing of bananas under multi-constraint scenarios)should:(1)create a database of banana crown,obtain the optimal banana crown recognition model,develop a recognition and locating system of the cutting line of banana crown and obtain its spatial location information;(2)establish the discrete element mechanical model of banana crown and the interaction model between banana crown and the cutter,clarify the stress change and the force wave transmission characteristics of the cutting process,construct the multi-objective optimization equation of the cutting performance,obtain the best combination of cutting parameters,and ascertain the mechanisms of synergistic locating and continuous cutting of banana crown;(3)establish the contact mechanical model of banana fruit drop-bump,parse the bumping characteristics between banana fruit and cushioning material,construct mathematical equations to quantitatively assess damage results,and determine the detract catching method of banana fruit that matches the de-handing mode in multi-constraint scenarios.This study showed that the real-time identification and spatial positioning of fruit,the mechanical properties of crown and the optimization of cutting performance,the damage mechanism of fruit and its loss-reducing harvesting method are the three key breakthroughs in realizing the robotization of de-handing.The current bottleneck problems and future research directions of intelligent banana de-handing were pointed out in this paper,which can provide a theoretical basis for the optimal design of banana de-handing devices and provide technical support for promoting the practical application of intelligent de-handing equipment.
文摘1.Introduction Information Processing in Agriculture is an international open access journal for the publication of advanced information technology for solving problems in agriculture and related industries,which include agronomy,forestry,aquaculture,animal/livestock science,plant science,environment and food processing,food safety and quality tracking,and so on.
文摘1.Introduction Information Processing in Agriculture is an international open access journal for the publication of advanced information technology for solving problems in agriculture and related industries,which include agronomy,forestry,aquaculture,animal/livestock science,plant science,environment and food processing,food safety and quality tracking,and so on.The information technologies.
基金jointly funded by Soil CRC(PIA3.4.001)and Griffith Universitysupported by the Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soils whose activities are funded by the Australian Government's Cooperative Research Centre Program.
文摘This study examines the effects of different organic carrier materials,chicken manure,mill mud,and cow manure on the long-term viability and metabolite profiles of rhizobacterial strains Mesorhizobium sp.and Rhizobium sp.Over one year,growth curve analysis revealed significant differences in bacterial proliferation.Mill mud supported the most robust growth,with a doubling of 11 days,compared to chicken and cow manure,which exhibited growth saturation after five to eight months.Non-targeted 1H-NMR metabolite profiling revealed distinct sugar and amino acid profiles across carriers.Mill mud exhibited a broader range of sugars,including sucrose,maltose,and mannose,while chicken and cow manure primarily contained monosaccharides like glucose,xylose,and mannitol.Amino acids such as lysine and glutamate were higher in chicken manure,followed by cow manure and mill mud.Plant growth-promoting metabolites were detected in all carriers,with Mesorhizobium sp.and Rhizobium sp.enhancing their production by up to 200%in mill mud and cow manure.Both bacterial strains utilized sugars from the carriers,with Mesorhizobium sp.showing more consistent sugar metabolism.These findings suggest that mill mud is an effective carrier for sustaining rhizobacterial viability and enhancing metabolite production,benefiting biofertilizer formulations and soil health.
文摘Zhang Xianlong, male, born in March 1963, from Zhumadian, Henan Province, is a professor at Huazhong Agricultural University. He graduated from the Department of Agronomy at Huazhong Agricultural University in 1984 and obtained his master's and doctoral degrees in crop genetics and breeding from the same university in 1987 and 1990, respectively.
