BACKGROUND Mental disorders have become a major contributor to the Global Burden of Disease(GBD),a situation that has worsened with the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Updated data on their imp...BACKGROUND Mental disorders have become a major contributor to the Global Burden of Disease(GBD),a situation that has worsened with the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Updated data on their impact and a clear understanding of long-term trends are essential for global and national health authorities to implement effective prevention and intervention strategies for mental well-being.AIM To generate insights that will enhance global awareness of the burden of mental disorders and support the development of targeted,region-specific prevention and intervention strategies tailored to current global and local health challenges.METHODS We extracted data on incidence,disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),agestandardized incidence rate(ASIR),and age-standardized DALY rate(ASDR)for 12 categories of mental disorders from 1990 to 2021 across 204 countries and territories grouped into 21 regions.Trends in ASIR and ASDR were also analyzed during the COVID-19 period(2019-2021).RESULTS From 1990 to 2021,global ASIR rose by 15.23%(12.97%to 17.60%),while ASDR increased by 73.52%(70.24%to 76.71%).All 21 GBD regions saw a rise in cases and DALYs.In 2021,Central sub-Saharan Africa had the highest ASIR(8706.11),and East Asia reported the lowest(3340.99).Australasia recorded the highest ASDR(2787.87).On the national level,Greenland,Greece,United States,and Australia had the greatest ASDR values.During the pandemic years,ASIR and ASDR rose across all five socio-demographic index levels and GBD regions,with the exception of East Asia,where rates remained stable.Females experienced a higher ASDR than males in 2021.Major depressive disorder(557.87)and anxiety disorders(524.33)were the most burdensome among the 12 types,with depressive disorders ranking first in 13 out of the 21 regions.CONCLUSION The GBD study 2021 results highlight a continued and worsening global burden of mental disorders,further intensified by the COVID-19 crisis.This underscores the urgent need to reinforce mental health care systems.Special attention should be directed toward high-middle socio-demographic index areas and female populations.Expanding access to mental health services,enhancing public awareness,and delivering targeted interventions are essential to lessen the growing impact of mental disorders.展开更多
Background Genitourinary cancers constitute a significant portion of the global cancer burden and have emerged as a prominent cause of cancer-related mortality.However,there remains a paucity of up-to-date statistical...Background Genitourinary cancers constitute a significant portion of the global cancer burden and have emerged as a prominent cause of cancer-related mortality.However,there remains a paucity of up-to-date statistical analyses that meticulously examine the global and national shifts in the epidemiology of genitourinary cancers.Our study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the global distribution and progression of genitourinary cancers through analyses of the recently updated 2021 Global Burden of Disease(GBD)database.Methods This study presented the incidence,mortality,disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),and their respective age-standardized rates for four genitourinary cancers(bladder,kidney,prostate,and testicular cancers)by sex,age,and location from 1990 to 2021.Estimates for these data were presented with their 95%uncertainty intervals(UIs).Estimated annual percentage changes(EAPCs)and Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort(BAPC)models were utilized to further quantify the temporal dynamics of age-standardized rates(ASRs)in genitourinary cancers.Countries and territories were categorized according to socio-demographic index(SDI)quintiles.Results Globally,with the exception of a sustained decline in age-standardized incidence rates(ASIRs)for bladder cancer(EAPC=−0.36%),the ASIRs for kidney,prostate,and testicular cancers demonstrated an upward trend from 1990 to 2021(EAPC=0.53%,0.20%,and 1.43%,respectively).In terms of geographical regions,High-income North America had the highest ASIRs for both bladder(13.98 per 100,000 persons[95%UI,12.96 to 14.61])and prostate(47.02 per 100,000 persons[95%UI,44.47 to 49.04])cancers.Southern Latin America recorded the highest ASIRs for kidney(13.44 per 100,000 persons[95%UI,12.27 to 14.73])and testicular(4.98 per 100,000 persons[95%UI,4.33 to 5.72])cancers.Additionally,Central Europe(1.25%[95%CI,1.12%to 1.38%]),East Asia(2.40%[95%CI,2.21%to 2.59%]),Eastern Europe(3.74%[95%CI,3.55%to 3.92%]),and the Caribbean(5.52%[95%CI,4.32%to 6.74%])exhibited the highest EAPCs for bladder,kidney,prostate,and testicular cancers,respectively.Unlike the ASIRs,age-standardized mortality rates(ASMRs)and age-standardized DALYs rates(ASDRs)showed a downward trend over time in all types of genitourinary cancers.The disease burdens of bladder,kidney,and prostate cancers were primarily distributed among older men,while testicular cancer mainly occurred in young men.Smoking remained the primary risk factor for bladder cancer.Meanwhile,high fasting plasma glucose and high body-mass index exerted increasingly significant impacts on bladder and kidney cancers,respectively,during the study period.Projections to 2050 suggest that the global burdens of genitourinary cancers are expected to decline to varying degrees.However,regional disparities in genitourinary cancer burdens are projected to persist.Conclusions Although the results demonstrate a marginal decline in ASRs caused by genitourinary cancers,they still impose a considerable global burden and result in numerous deaths.Our study obtained and analyzed the latest epidemiological data of genitourinary cancers from the GBD 2021,offering valuable information for national healthcare professionals and policymakers to optimize resource allocation,manage costs more efficiently,and develop practical healthcare policies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is an idiopathic intestinal disease with various levels and trends in different countries and regions.Understanding the current burden and trends of IBD in various geographica...BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is an idiopathic intestinal disease with various levels and trends in different countries and regions.Understanding the current burden and trends of IBD in various geographical locations is essential to establish effective strategies for prevention and treatment.We report the average annual percentage change(AAPC)and estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)in age-standardized rates(ASR)of IBD in different regions based on the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)study from 1990-2019,and the relationships between IBD and the human development index(HDI)and socio-demographic index(SDI).The prevalence trends of IBD were predicted by gender from 2019-2039.AIM To comprehensively investigate IBD data,providing further insights into the management of this chronic disease.METHODS We collected the information on the incidence of IBD from the GBD study from 1990-2019 to calculate the AAPC and EAPC in ASR of IBD in different regions.The relationships between IBD,HDI,and SDI were analyzed.The Nordpred and Bayesian age-period-cohort models were used to predict the prevalence trends of IBD by gender from 2019-2039,and the reliability of the results was validated.RESULTS North America consistently had the highest IBD ASR,while Oceania consistently had the lowest.East Asia had the fastest average annual growth in ASR(2.54%),whereas Central Europe had the fastest decline(1.38%).Countries with a low age-standardized incidence rates in 1990 showed faster growth in IBD while there was no significant correlation in 2019.Additionally,IBD increased faster in countries with a low age-standardized death rates in 1990,whereas the opposite was true in 2019.Analysis of SDI and IBD ASR showed that countries with a high SDI generally had a higher IBD ASR.Finally,the projections showed a declining trend in the incidence of IBD from 2019-2039,but a gradual increase in the number of cases.CONCLUSION As the global population increases and ages,early monitoring and prevention of IBD is important to reduce the disease burden,especially in countries with a high incidence of IBD.展开更多
AIM: To study the salient features of colorectal cancer(CRC) in Libya.METHODS: Patients records were gathered at the primary oncology clinic in eastern Libya for the period of one calendar year(2012). Using this data,...AIM: To study the salient features of colorectal cancer(CRC) in Libya.METHODS: Patients records were gathered at the primary oncology clinic in eastern Libya for the period of one calendar year(2012). Using this data, various parameters were analyzed and age-standardized incidence rates were determined using the direct method and the standard population.RESULTS: During 2012, 174 patients were diagnosed with CRC, 51.7%(n = 90) male and 48.3%(n = 84) females. The average age was 58.7(± 13.4) years, with men around 57.3(± 13) years old and women usually 60.1(± 13.8) years of age. Libya has the highest rate of CRC in North Africa, with an incidence closer to the European figures. The age-standardized rate for CRC was 17.5 and 17.2/100000 for males and females respectively. It was the second most common cancer, forming 19% of malignancies, with fluctuation in ranking and incidence in different cities/villages. Increasingly, younger ages are being afflicted and a higher proportion of patients are among the > 40 years subset.Nearly two-thirds presented at either stage Ⅲ(22.4%) or Ⅳ(38.4%).CONCLUSION: Cancer surveillance systems should be established in order to effectively monitor the situation. Likewise, screening programs are invaluable in the Libyan scenario given the predominance of sporadic cases.展开更多
Background: This study aimed to identify the role of human development index (HDI) in the incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer (BC) worldwide. Methods: Data on the age-standardized incidence and mortality ra...Background: This study aimed to identify the role of human development index (HDI) in the incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer (BC) worldwide. Methods: Data on the age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of BC for 184 countries were obtained from the GLOBOCAN. Data about the HDI and other indices were obtained from the World Bank Report 2013. Linear regression model was used for assessment the effect of HDI on BC occurrence rates. Results: In 2012, BCs were estimated to have affected a total of 1,671,149 individuals (crude rate: 47.8 per 100,000 individuals), and caused 521,907 deaths worldwide (crude rate: 14.7 per 100,000 individuals). Nearly half of total female BC cases (46.3%) with the highest risk of incidence (age-standardized Rate (ASR): 128 per 100,000) had occurred in very high HDI regions. The most proportion of the mortality burden was in low HDI and medium HDI areas. Linear regression analyses showed a direct significant correlation between the incidence of BC and HDI at the global level (B = 104.5, P < 0.001). The mortality rate of BC was not significantly associated with HDI (B = 3.26, P = 0.160). Conclusion: Our study showed that the burden of female BC is enormous in very high HDI and low HID regions. Targeted interventions have the ability to reduce this number significantly through resource-dependent interventions. Moreover, further reductions in mortality could be brought about by increasing access to curative treatment for patients with BC.展开更多
Background The zoonotic infectious diseases of poverty(zIDPs)are a group of diseases contributing to global pov-erty,with significant impacts on a substantial population.This study aims to describe the global,regional...Background The zoonotic infectious diseases of poverty(zIDPs)are a group of diseases contributing to global pov-erty,with significant impacts on a substantial population.This study aims to describe the global,regional,and national burden of zIDPs-schistosomiasis,cystic echinococcosis,cysticercosis,and food-borne trematodiases(FBTs)—to sup-port policy making and resource allocation for their control and elimination.Methods Data of zIDPs from the Global Burden of Diseases,Injuries,and Risk Factors Study(GBD)2021 were retrieved from 1990 to 2021.The age-standardized prevalence rate(ASPR),age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR),and age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year(DALY)rate were described and the estimated annual percentage changes(EAPCs)were calculated to quantify their burden and temporal trends.Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between age-standardized rates and Socio-demographic Index(SDI).Results In 2021,these zIDPs exhibited a certain level of ASPRs and age-standardized DALY rates,while maintaining relatively low ASMRs.Noticeably,schistosomiasis presented the highest ASPR of 1914.299(95%Ul:1378.920,2510.853 per 100,000 population)and an age-standardized DALY rate of 21.895(95%UI:12.937,37.278 per 100,000 popula-tion)among the zIDPs.The tapestry of burden-woven predominantly through low and lower-middle SDI regions-stretched across Africa,Latin America,and parts of Asia.From 1990 to 2021,a kaleidoscopic shift was observed globally as ASPRs,ASMRs,and age-standardized DALY rates declined significantly,as reflected by the EAPC values.Negative correlations were observed between the ASPRs,ASMRs,age-standardized DALY rates of schistosomiasis(r val ue=-0.610,-0.622 and-0.610),cystic echinococcosis(-0.676 of ASMR,-0.550 of age-standardized DALYs),cysticer-cosis(-0.420,-0.797 and-0.591)and the SDI.In contrast,a slight positive correlation was noted between the ASPR,age-standardized DALY rates of FBTs and SDI with rvalue of0.221 and 0.213,respectively.Conclusion The burden of zIDPs declined across almost all endemic regions from 1990 to 2021,yet still predomi-nated in low and low-middle SDI regions.Substantial challenges exist to achieve the goal of control and elimination of zIDPs,and integrated approaches based on One Health need to be strengthened to improve health outcomes.展开更多
Background:Gastric cancer mortality decreased substantially over the last decades in most countries worldwide.This study aimed to assess the most recent national trend of gastric cancer mortality and examine the dispa...Background:Gastric cancer mortality decreased substantially over the last decades in most countries worldwide.This study aimed to assess the most recent national trend of gastric cancer mortality and examine the disparity of gastric cancer mortality between rural and urban areas in China.Methods:The crude mortality data of gastric cancer by sex,age group,and area were obtained from China Health Statistical Yearbooks(2003-2015)covering 10%of Chinese population.The age-standardized rates of mortality(ASRM)of gastric cancer in rural and urban areas were estimated using the 2010 Chinese Census population stratified by age,sex,and area.The trend of mortality of gastric cancer was assessed by using Joinpoint analysis.Results:During the 13-year period,the ASRM was reduced from 31.5/100,000 in 2003 to 20.9/100,000 in 2015 in rural areas and from 18.9/100,000 in 2003 to 14.5/100,000 in 2015 in urban areas.In the male population,the annual percent changes of mortality were−2.2%in urban areas(95%confidence interval[CI]−3.8%to−0.6%;P<0.001)and−3.4%in rural areas(95%CI−5.1%to−1.8%;P<0.001).In the female population,the annual percent changes of mortality were−2.7%in urban areas(95%CI−4.2%to−1.2%;P<0.001)and−4.6%in rural areas(95%CI−5.5%to−3.7%;P<0.001).Conclusions:The declining trend of mortality of gastric cancer was presented from 2003 to 2015 in both rural and urban areas in China.The decrease in gastric cancer mortality is greater in rural areas than in urban areas in China.展开更多
Background:The long-term trend in cancer death in a rapidly developing country provides information for cancer prophylaxis.Here,we aimed to identify the trends in cancer mortality in China during the 2004-2018 period....Background:The long-term trend in cancer death in a rapidly developing country provides information for cancer prophylaxis.Here,we aimed to identify the trends in cancer mortality in China during the 2004-2018 period.Methods:Using raw data from the national mortality surveillance system of China,we assessed the mortalities of all cancer and site-specific cancers during the 2004-2018 period.The participants were divided into three age groups:≥65 years,40-64 years,and≤39 years.Changing trends in cancer death by gender,residency,and tumor location were estimated using fitting joinpoint models to log-transformed crude mortality rates(CMRs)and age-standardizedmortality rates(ASMRs).Results:Cancer death accounted for 24% of all-cause of death in China during 2014-2018.The CMR of all cancer was 150.0 per 100,000 persons.Cancer was the leading cause of death in the population<65 years.The six major cancer types(lung/bronchus cancer,liver cancer,stomach cancer,esophagus cancer,colorectal cancer,and pancreas cancer)accounted for 75.85% of all cancer deaths.The CMR of all cancer increased while the ASMR decreased during 2014-2018(P<0.001).Lung/bronchus cancer and liver cancer were the leading causes of cancer death in the population<65 years,accounting for 45.31%(CMR)and 44.35%(ASMR)of all cancer death,respectively.The ASMR of liver cancer was higher in the 40-64 years population than in the≥65 years population,in contrast to the other five major cancers.The ASMRs of liver cancer,stomach cancer,and esophagus cancer decreased although they were higher in rural residents than in urban residents;the ASMRs of lung/bronchus cancer,colorectal cancer,and pancreas cancer increased in rural residents although they were higher in urban residents than in rural residents during 2014-2018.Conclusion:Although the ASMR of all cancer decreased in China during 2004-2018,lung/bronchus cancer and liver cancer remained the leading causes of cancer-related premature death.Lung/bronchus cancer,colorectal cancer,and pancreas cancer increased in rural residents.展开更多
Background:Data on the incidence,mortality,and other burden of oral cancer as well as their secular trends are necessary to provide policy-makers with the information needed to allocate resources appropriately.The pur...Background:Data on the incidence,mortality,and other burden of oral cancer as well as their secular trends are necessary to provide policy-makers with the information needed to allocate resources appropriately.The purpose of this study was to use the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2017 results to estimate the incidence,mortality,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)for oral cancer from 1990 to 2017.Methods:We collected detailed data on oral cancer from 1990 to 2017 from the GBD 2017.The global incidence,mortality,and DALYs attributable to oral cancer as well as the corresponding age-standardized rates(ASRs)were calculated.The estimated annual percentage changes in the ASRs of incidence(ASRI)and mortality(ASRM)and age-standardized DALYs of oral cancer were also calculated according to regions and countries to quantify the secular trends in these rates.Results:We tracked the incidence,mortality,and DALYs of oral cancer in 195 countries/territories over 28 years.Globally,the incidence,mortality,and DALYs of oral cancer increased by about 1.0-fold from 1990 to 2017.The ASRI of oral cancer showed a similar trend,increasing from 4.41 to 4.84 per 100,000 person-years during the study period.The ASRM remained approximately stable at about 2.4 per 100,000 from 1990 to 2017,as did the age-standardized DALYs,at about 64.0 per 100,000 person-years.ASRI was highest in Pakistan(27.03/100,000,95%CI=22.13-32.75/100,000),followed by Taiwan China,and lowest in Iraq(0.96/100,000,95%CI=0.86-1.06/100,000).ASRM was highest in Pakistan(16.85/100,000,95%CI=13.92-20.17/100,000)and lowest in Kuwait(0.51/100,000,95%CI=0.45-0.58/100,000).Conclusions:The ASRI of oral cancer has increased slightly worldwide,while the ASRM and age-standardized DALY have remained stable.However,these characteristics vary between countries,suggesting that current prevention strategies should be reoriented,and much more targeted and specific strategies should be established in some countries to forestall the increase in oral cancer.展开更多
Background:Antituberculosis-drug resistance is an important public health issue,and its epidemiological patterns has dramatically changed in recent decades.This study aimed to estimate the trends of multidrug-resistan...Background:Antituberculosis-drug resistance is an important public health issue,and its epidemiological patterns has dramatically changed in recent decades.This study aimed to estimate the trends of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB),which can be used to inform health strategies.Methods:Data were collected from the Global Burden of Disease study 2017.The estimated annual percentage changes(EAPCs)were calculated to assess the trends of MDR-TB burden at global,regional,and national level from 1990 to 2017 using the linear regression model.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Mental disorders have become a major contributor to the Global Burden of Disease(GBD),a situation that has worsened with the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Updated data on their impact and a clear understanding of long-term trends are essential for global and national health authorities to implement effective prevention and intervention strategies for mental well-being.AIM To generate insights that will enhance global awareness of the burden of mental disorders and support the development of targeted,region-specific prevention and intervention strategies tailored to current global and local health challenges.METHODS We extracted data on incidence,disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),agestandardized incidence rate(ASIR),and age-standardized DALY rate(ASDR)for 12 categories of mental disorders from 1990 to 2021 across 204 countries and territories grouped into 21 regions.Trends in ASIR and ASDR were also analyzed during the COVID-19 period(2019-2021).RESULTS From 1990 to 2021,global ASIR rose by 15.23%(12.97%to 17.60%),while ASDR increased by 73.52%(70.24%to 76.71%).All 21 GBD regions saw a rise in cases and DALYs.In 2021,Central sub-Saharan Africa had the highest ASIR(8706.11),and East Asia reported the lowest(3340.99).Australasia recorded the highest ASDR(2787.87).On the national level,Greenland,Greece,United States,and Australia had the greatest ASDR values.During the pandemic years,ASIR and ASDR rose across all five socio-demographic index levels and GBD regions,with the exception of East Asia,where rates remained stable.Females experienced a higher ASDR than males in 2021.Major depressive disorder(557.87)and anxiety disorders(524.33)were the most burdensome among the 12 types,with depressive disorders ranking first in 13 out of the 21 regions.CONCLUSION The GBD study 2021 results highlight a continued and worsening global burden of mental disorders,further intensified by the COVID-19 crisis.This underscores the urgent need to reinforce mental health care systems.Special attention should be directed toward high-middle socio-demographic index areas and female populations.Expanding access to mental health services,enhancing public awareness,and delivering targeted interventions are essential to lessen the growing impact of mental disorders.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers:82202877 and 8237110369)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(grant number:2024A1515010599)Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support(grant number:XMLX202134).
文摘Background Genitourinary cancers constitute a significant portion of the global cancer burden and have emerged as a prominent cause of cancer-related mortality.However,there remains a paucity of up-to-date statistical analyses that meticulously examine the global and national shifts in the epidemiology of genitourinary cancers.Our study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the global distribution and progression of genitourinary cancers through analyses of the recently updated 2021 Global Burden of Disease(GBD)database.Methods This study presented the incidence,mortality,disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),and their respective age-standardized rates for four genitourinary cancers(bladder,kidney,prostate,and testicular cancers)by sex,age,and location from 1990 to 2021.Estimates for these data were presented with their 95%uncertainty intervals(UIs).Estimated annual percentage changes(EAPCs)and Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort(BAPC)models were utilized to further quantify the temporal dynamics of age-standardized rates(ASRs)in genitourinary cancers.Countries and territories were categorized according to socio-demographic index(SDI)quintiles.Results Globally,with the exception of a sustained decline in age-standardized incidence rates(ASIRs)for bladder cancer(EAPC=−0.36%),the ASIRs for kidney,prostate,and testicular cancers demonstrated an upward trend from 1990 to 2021(EAPC=0.53%,0.20%,and 1.43%,respectively).In terms of geographical regions,High-income North America had the highest ASIRs for both bladder(13.98 per 100,000 persons[95%UI,12.96 to 14.61])and prostate(47.02 per 100,000 persons[95%UI,44.47 to 49.04])cancers.Southern Latin America recorded the highest ASIRs for kidney(13.44 per 100,000 persons[95%UI,12.27 to 14.73])and testicular(4.98 per 100,000 persons[95%UI,4.33 to 5.72])cancers.Additionally,Central Europe(1.25%[95%CI,1.12%to 1.38%]),East Asia(2.40%[95%CI,2.21%to 2.59%]),Eastern Europe(3.74%[95%CI,3.55%to 3.92%]),and the Caribbean(5.52%[95%CI,4.32%to 6.74%])exhibited the highest EAPCs for bladder,kidney,prostate,and testicular cancers,respectively.Unlike the ASIRs,age-standardized mortality rates(ASMRs)and age-standardized DALYs rates(ASDRs)showed a downward trend over time in all types of genitourinary cancers.The disease burdens of bladder,kidney,and prostate cancers were primarily distributed among older men,while testicular cancer mainly occurred in young men.Smoking remained the primary risk factor for bladder cancer.Meanwhile,high fasting plasma glucose and high body-mass index exerted increasingly significant impacts on bladder and kidney cancers,respectively,during the study period.Projections to 2050 suggest that the global burdens of genitourinary cancers are expected to decline to varying degrees.However,regional disparities in genitourinary cancer burdens are projected to persist.Conclusions Although the results demonstrate a marginal decline in ASRs caused by genitourinary cancers,they still impose a considerable global burden and result in numerous deaths.Our study obtained and analyzed the latest epidemiological data of genitourinary cancers from the GBD 2021,offering valuable information for national healthcare professionals and policymakers to optimize resource allocation,manage costs more efficiently,and develop practical healthcare policies.
基金Supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi,No.2021ZDLSF02-06.
文摘BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is an idiopathic intestinal disease with various levels and trends in different countries and regions.Understanding the current burden and trends of IBD in various geographical locations is essential to establish effective strategies for prevention and treatment.We report the average annual percentage change(AAPC)and estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)in age-standardized rates(ASR)of IBD in different regions based on the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)study from 1990-2019,and the relationships between IBD and the human development index(HDI)and socio-demographic index(SDI).The prevalence trends of IBD were predicted by gender from 2019-2039.AIM To comprehensively investigate IBD data,providing further insights into the management of this chronic disease.METHODS We collected the information on the incidence of IBD from the GBD study from 1990-2019 to calculate the AAPC and EAPC in ASR of IBD in different regions.The relationships between IBD,HDI,and SDI were analyzed.The Nordpred and Bayesian age-period-cohort models were used to predict the prevalence trends of IBD by gender from 2019-2039,and the reliability of the results was validated.RESULTS North America consistently had the highest IBD ASR,while Oceania consistently had the lowest.East Asia had the fastest average annual growth in ASR(2.54%),whereas Central Europe had the fastest decline(1.38%).Countries with a low age-standardized incidence rates in 1990 showed faster growth in IBD while there was no significant correlation in 2019.Additionally,IBD increased faster in countries with a low age-standardized death rates in 1990,whereas the opposite was true in 2019.Analysis of SDI and IBD ASR showed that countries with a high SDI generally had a higher IBD ASR.Finally,the projections showed a declining trend in the incidence of IBD from 2019-2039,but a gradual increase in the number of cases.CONCLUSION As the global population increases and ages,early monitoring and prevention of IBD is important to reduce the disease burden,especially in countries with a high incidence of IBD.
文摘AIM: To study the salient features of colorectal cancer(CRC) in Libya.METHODS: Patients records were gathered at the primary oncology clinic in eastern Libya for the period of one calendar year(2012). Using this data, various parameters were analyzed and age-standardized incidence rates were determined using the direct method and the standard population.RESULTS: During 2012, 174 patients were diagnosed with CRC, 51.7%(n = 90) male and 48.3%(n = 84) females. The average age was 58.7(± 13.4) years, with men around 57.3(± 13) years old and women usually 60.1(± 13.8) years of age. Libya has the highest rate of CRC in North Africa, with an incidence closer to the European figures. The age-standardized rate for CRC was 17.5 and 17.2/100000 for males and females respectively. It was the second most common cancer, forming 19% of malignancies, with fluctuation in ranking and incidence in different cities/villages. Increasingly, younger ages are being afflicted and a higher proportion of patients are among the > 40 years subset.Nearly two-thirds presented at either stage Ⅲ(22.4%) or Ⅳ(38.4%).CONCLUSION: Cancer surveillance systems should be established in order to effectively monitor the situation. Likewise, screening programs are invaluable in the Libyan scenario given the predominance of sporadic cases.
文摘Background: This study aimed to identify the role of human development index (HDI) in the incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer (BC) worldwide. Methods: Data on the age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of BC for 184 countries were obtained from the GLOBOCAN. Data about the HDI and other indices were obtained from the World Bank Report 2013. Linear regression model was used for assessment the effect of HDI on BC occurrence rates. Results: In 2012, BCs were estimated to have affected a total of 1,671,149 individuals (crude rate: 47.8 per 100,000 individuals), and caused 521,907 deaths worldwide (crude rate: 14.7 per 100,000 individuals). Nearly half of total female BC cases (46.3%) with the highest risk of incidence (age-standardized Rate (ASR): 128 per 100,000) had occurred in very high HDI regions. The most proportion of the mortality burden was in low HDI and medium HDI areas. Linear regression analyses showed a direct significant correlation between the incidence of BC and HDI at the global level (B = 104.5, P < 0.001). The mortality rate of BC was not significantly associated with HDI (B = 3.26, P = 0.160). Conclusion: Our study showed that the burden of female BC is enormous in very high HDI and low HID regions. Targeted interventions have the ability to reduce this number significantly through resource-dependent interventions. Moreover, further reductions in mortality could be brought about by increasing access to curative treatment for patients with BC.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2018ZX10101002-002)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFC2300800,2021YFC2300804)+1 种基金International Joint Laboratory on Tropical Diseases Control in Greater Mekong Subregion(no.21410750200)from Shanghai Municipality Governmentthe Scientifc research project of Shanghai Health Commission(20204Y0050).
文摘Background The zoonotic infectious diseases of poverty(zIDPs)are a group of diseases contributing to global pov-erty,with significant impacts on a substantial population.This study aims to describe the global,regional,and national burden of zIDPs-schistosomiasis,cystic echinococcosis,cysticercosis,and food-borne trematodiases(FBTs)—to sup-port policy making and resource allocation for their control and elimination.Methods Data of zIDPs from the Global Burden of Diseases,Injuries,and Risk Factors Study(GBD)2021 were retrieved from 1990 to 2021.The age-standardized prevalence rate(ASPR),age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR),and age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year(DALY)rate were described and the estimated annual percentage changes(EAPCs)were calculated to quantify their burden and temporal trends.Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between age-standardized rates and Socio-demographic Index(SDI).Results In 2021,these zIDPs exhibited a certain level of ASPRs and age-standardized DALY rates,while maintaining relatively low ASMRs.Noticeably,schistosomiasis presented the highest ASPR of 1914.299(95%Ul:1378.920,2510.853 per 100,000 population)and an age-standardized DALY rate of 21.895(95%UI:12.937,37.278 per 100,000 popula-tion)among the zIDPs.The tapestry of burden-woven predominantly through low and lower-middle SDI regions-stretched across Africa,Latin America,and parts of Asia.From 1990 to 2021,a kaleidoscopic shift was observed globally as ASPRs,ASMRs,and age-standardized DALY rates declined significantly,as reflected by the EAPC values.Negative correlations were observed between the ASPRs,ASMRs,age-standardized DALY rates of schistosomiasis(r val ue=-0.610,-0.622 and-0.610),cystic echinococcosis(-0.676 of ASMR,-0.550 of age-standardized DALYs),cysticer-cosis(-0.420,-0.797 and-0.591)and the SDI.In contrast,a slight positive correlation was noted between the ASPR,age-standardized DALY rates of FBTs and SDI with rvalue of0.221 and 0.213,respectively.Conclusion The burden of zIDPs declined across almost all endemic regions from 1990 to 2021,yet still predomi-nated in low and low-middle SDI regions.Substantial challenges exist to achieve the goal of control and elimination of zIDPs,and integrated approaches based on One Health need to be strengthened to improve health outcomes.
基金This work was supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 31870983).
文摘Background:Gastric cancer mortality decreased substantially over the last decades in most countries worldwide.This study aimed to assess the most recent national trend of gastric cancer mortality and examine the disparity of gastric cancer mortality between rural and urban areas in China.Methods:The crude mortality data of gastric cancer by sex,age group,and area were obtained from China Health Statistical Yearbooks(2003-2015)covering 10%of Chinese population.The age-standardized rates of mortality(ASRM)of gastric cancer in rural and urban areas were estimated using the 2010 Chinese Census population stratified by age,sex,and area.The trend of mortality of gastric cancer was assessed by using Joinpoint analysis.Results:During the 13-year period,the ASRM was reduced from 31.5/100,000 in 2003 to 20.9/100,000 in 2015 in rural areas and from 18.9/100,000 in 2003 to 14.5/100,000 in 2015 in urban areas.In the male population,the annual percent changes of mortality were−2.2%in urban areas(95%confidence interval[CI]−3.8%to−0.6%;P<0.001)and−3.4%in rural areas(95%CI−5.1%to−1.8%;P<0.001).In the female population,the annual percent changes of mortality were−2.7%in urban areas(95%CI−4.2%to−1.2%;P<0.001)and−4.6%in rural areas(95%CI−5.5%to−3.7%;P<0.001).Conclusions:The declining trend of mortality of gastric cancer was presented from 2003 to 2015 in both rural and urban areas in China.The decrease in gastric cancer mortality is greater in rural areas than in urban areas in China.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:81673250,81520108021,91529305Key discipline fromthe“3-year public health promotion”programof Shanghai Municipal Health Commission。
文摘Background:The long-term trend in cancer death in a rapidly developing country provides information for cancer prophylaxis.Here,we aimed to identify the trends in cancer mortality in China during the 2004-2018 period.Methods:Using raw data from the national mortality surveillance system of China,we assessed the mortalities of all cancer and site-specific cancers during the 2004-2018 period.The participants were divided into three age groups:≥65 years,40-64 years,and≤39 years.Changing trends in cancer death by gender,residency,and tumor location were estimated using fitting joinpoint models to log-transformed crude mortality rates(CMRs)and age-standardizedmortality rates(ASMRs).Results:Cancer death accounted for 24% of all-cause of death in China during 2014-2018.The CMR of all cancer was 150.0 per 100,000 persons.Cancer was the leading cause of death in the population<65 years.The six major cancer types(lung/bronchus cancer,liver cancer,stomach cancer,esophagus cancer,colorectal cancer,and pancreas cancer)accounted for 75.85% of all cancer deaths.The CMR of all cancer increased while the ASMR decreased during 2014-2018(P<0.001).Lung/bronchus cancer and liver cancer were the leading causes of cancer death in the population<65 years,accounting for 45.31%(CMR)and 44.35%(ASMR)of all cancer death,respectively.The ASMR of liver cancer was higher in the 40-64 years population than in the≥65 years population,in contrast to the other five major cancers.The ASMRs of liver cancer,stomach cancer,and esophagus cancer decreased although they were higher in rural residents than in urban residents;the ASMRs of lung/bronchus cancer,colorectal cancer,and pancreas cancer increased in rural residents although they were higher in urban residents than in rural residents during 2014-2018.Conclusion:Although the ASMR of all cancer decreased in China during 2004-2018,lung/bronchus cancer and liver cancer remained the leading causes of cancer-related premature death.Lung/bronchus cancer,colorectal cancer,and pancreas cancer increased in rural residents.
基金This study was supported by The Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(ZH2018QNA08)(Zhang Zhiyuan)Academician Workstation Scientific Research Fund(2019)+2 种基金The SHIPM-mu fund No.JC201902 from the Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine,Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineThe Shanghai Anticancer Association Eyas Project(SACA-CY1B06)the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.16BGL183).
文摘Background:Data on the incidence,mortality,and other burden of oral cancer as well as their secular trends are necessary to provide policy-makers with the information needed to allocate resources appropriately.The purpose of this study was to use the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2017 results to estimate the incidence,mortality,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)for oral cancer from 1990 to 2017.Methods:We collected detailed data on oral cancer from 1990 to 2017 from the GBD 2017.The global incidence,mortality,and DALYs attributable to oral cancer as well as the corresponding age-standardized rates(ASRs)were calculated.The estimated annual percentage changes in the ASRs of incidence(ASRI)and mortality(ASRM)and age-standardized DALYs of oral cancer were also calculated according to regions and countries to quantify the secular trends in these rates.Results:We tracked the incidence,mortality,and DALYs of oral cancer in 195 countries/territories over 28 years.Globally,the incidence,mortality,and DALYs of oral cancer increased by about 1.0-fold from 1990 to 2017.The ASRI of oral cancer showed a similar trend,increasing from 4.41 to 4.84 per 100,000 person-years during the study period.The ASRM remained approximately stable at about 2.4 per 100,000 from 1990 to 2017,as did the age-standardized DALYs,at about 64.0 per 100,000 person-years.ASRI was highest in Pakistan(27.03/100,000,95%CI=22.13-32.75/100,000),followed by Taiwan China,and lowest in Iraq(0.96/100,000,95%CI=0.86-1.06/100,000).ASRM was highest in Pakistan(16.85/100,000,95%CI=13.92-20.17/100,000)and lowest in Kuwait(0.51/100,000,95%CI=0.45-0.58/100,000).Conclusions:The ASRI of oral cancer has increased slightly worldwide,while the ASRM and age-standardized DALY have remained stable.However,these characteristics vary between countries,suggesting that current prevention strategies should be reoriented,and much more targeted and specific strategies should be established in some countries to forestall the increase in oral cancer.
文摘Background:Antituberculosis-drug resistance is an important public health issue,and its epidemiological patterns has dramatically changed in recent decades.This study aimed to estimate the trends of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB),which can be used to inform health strategies.Methods:Data were collected from the Global Burden of Disease study 2017.The estimated annual percentage changes(EAPCs)were calculated to assess the trends of MDR-TB burden at global,regional,and national level from 1990 to 2017 using the linear regression model.
