BACKGROUND Paternal perinatal depression(PPD)is closely associated with maternal mental health challenges,marital strain,and adverse child developmental outcomes.Despite its significant impact,PPD remains under-recogn...BACKGROUND Paternal perinatal depression(PPD)is closely associated with maternal mental health challenges,marital strain,and adverse child developmental outcomes.Despite its significant impact,PPD remains under-recognized in family-centered clinical practice.Concurrently,against the backdrop of rising rates of delayed marriage and China’s Maternity Incentive Policy,the proportion of women giving birth at an advanced maternal age is increasing.Nevertheless,research specifically examining PPD among spouses of older mothers remains critically scarce,both in China and globally.AIM To investigate PPD and its influencing factors in Chinese advanced maternal age families.METHODS This cross-sectional study included 358 participants;it was conducted among fathers of pregnant women of advanced maternal age at five hospitals in the Pearl River Delta region of China from September 2023 to June 2024.Data were collected via a general information questionnaire,the Social Support Rating Scale,and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.Latent profile analysis and regression mixture models(RMMs)were adopted to analyze the latent PPD types and factors that influenced PPD.RESULTS The incidence of PPD was 16.48%,and three profiles were identified:Low-symptomatic(175 cases,48.89%),monophasic(140 cases,39.10%),and high-symptomatic(43 cases,12.01%).The RMM analysis revealed that first pregnancy,low income(<¥3000/month),part-time work,and a history of abnormal pregnancy were positively associated with the high-symptomatic type(P<0.05).Conversely,high subjective support and support utilization were negatively associated with the high-symptomatic type compared with the low-symptomatic type(P<0.05).Good couple relationships,high objective and subjective support,and high support utilization were negatively associated with monophasic disorder(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PPD incidence is high among Chinese fathers with advanced maternal age partners,and the characteristics of depression are varied.Healthcare practitioners should prioritize individuals with low levels of social support.展开更多
Tinnitus:the hearing of a sound that has not been produced by any external or internal source,is a rather heterogeneous hearing disorder.Background/Objectives:Hearing loss has been shown to be the main risk factor for...Tinnitus:the hearing of a sound that has not been produced by any external or internal source,is a rather heterogeneous hearing disorder.Background/Objectives:Hearing loss has been shown to be the main risk factor for tinnitus while emotional disorders are risk factors for developing intrusive or bothersome tinnitus.Moreover,aging has also been identified as another risk factor.The aim of this paper was to analyse the correlation between hearing loss,age and tinnitus severity in a cohort of 610 tinnitus sufferers.Methods:Age,audiometric(hearing condition)and tinnitus(time duration and severity)data were assessed and analysed for all subjects just after recruiting(baseline).Furthermore,the average hearing loss(HL)curves of the participants for age groups were compared to these with the corresponding Age Related HL(ARHL).Results:For most of the age groups,the measured HL curves exceeded in 10-20 dB those of the ARHL.The average age of tinnitus onset(age minus tinnitus duration)was found to be 44-46 years in both men and women.Weak correlation between audiometric feature and tinnitus distress was observed.Conclusions:Hearing loss has been shown to be a clear risk factor for triggering tinnitus(86%of participants were hearing impaired).In this cohort,average measures of hearing loss showed,at most,weak associations with tinnitus-related distress,suggesting that non-audiological factors may play a predominant role.展开更多
Background The decline in reproductive performance of aged hens is mainly attributed to oxidative damage in reproductive organs,hepatic lipid metabolism disorders,and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis.Glycyrrhizin(GL)ha...Background The decline in reproductive performance of aged hens is mainly attributed to oxidative damage in reproductive organs,hepatic lipid metabolism disorders,and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis.Glycyrrhizin(GL)has been proven to enhance antioxidant capacity,regulate lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in mammals,but its efficacy in hens remains unclear.Hence,this study aimed to investigate whether dietary GL supplementation improves reproductive performance in hens during the late laying stage by modulating intestinal microbiota composition,hepatic lipid metabolism and ovarian antioxidant status.Results Dietary supplementation with 100 mg/kg GL significantly improved the egg production rate,egg quality,and hatching rate in aged breeder hens(P<0.05).GL supplementation also increased the serum levels of HDLC,TP and ALB,and enhanced the antioxidant capacity in both serum and ovary(P<0.05).In addition,dietary GL elevated the serum progesterone(P4)levels by enhancing the transcription level of steroid synthesis key enzymes(CYP11A1 and 3β-HSD)in the ovary(P<0.05).Dietary GL also promoted the synthesis and transport of vitellogenin(VTG)by upregulating the VTG-Ⅱ(P<0.05)and APOV1(P=0.077)expression levels in the liver,thereby increasing the number of grade follicles and small yellow follicles.Moreover,dietary GL enhanced hepatic fatty acidβ-oxidation by upregulating PPARαand CPT-I(P<0.05),and downregulating ACC expression levels(P<0.05).In agreement,liver metabolomics analysis revealed that dietary GL supplementation significantly altered hepatic metabolism,with 389 differentially identified metabolites(P<0.05).The key metabolites(e.g.,taurocholic acid,tauroursodeoxycholic acid,nicotinuric acid,glycodeoxycholic acid(hydrate))were identified,and they were mainly functionally enriched in betaalanine metabolism nicotinate,taurine and hypotaurine metabolism(P<0.05).Finally,16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that dietary GL reversed age-induced changes in gut microbiota composition,characterized by a significant increase in Lactobacillus abundance and a decrease in Bacteroides(P<0.05).Conclusions These results collectively demonstrate that dietary supplementation with 100 mg/kg GL improved reproductive performance by reversing age-induced changes in gut microbiota,enhancing hepatic vitellogenin synthesis,and ameliorating ovarian function in aged breeder hens.This study suggests that dietary GL is a potential strategy to improve reproductive performance in broiler breeder hens during the late laying period.展开更多
Aging,mitochondria,and neurodegenerative diseases:Aging is often viewed as the buildup of changes that lead to the gradual transformations associated with getting older,along with a rising likelihood of disease and mo...Aging,mitochondria,and neurodegenerative diseases:Aging is often viewed as the buildup of changes that lead to the gradual transformations associated with getting older,along with a rising likelihood of disease and mortality.Although organis m-wide deterioration is observed during aging,organs with high metabolic demand,such as the brain,are more vulnerable.展开更多
1.Objective The Songliao Basin(SB)is situated on the eastern margin of Eurasia continent(Northeast Asia).During the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous,hundreds of rifting basins developed in this area,and the SB is a u...1.Objective The Songliao Basin(SB)is situated on the eastern margin of Eurasia continent(Northeast Asia).During the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous,hundreds of rifting basins developed in this area,and the SB is a unique case among them as it evolved into the largest rift basin.The rift basin filling of SB includes Huoshiling Formation,Shahezi Formation,and Yingcheng Formation in ascending order.The mega-rifting was controlled by the Mongol-Okhotsk Collisional Belt to the north and northwest and the Pacific Subduction Zone to the east(Wang PJ et al.,2016).As the first rifting succession,the Huoshiling Formation contains key information about the formation of the rifting basins and records the evolution of the Mongol-Okhotsk Collisional Belt and the Pacific Subduction Zone.However,the geological period of the Huoshiling Formation has not been well constrained for two main reasons.First,it is easily confused with the Yingcheng Formation,as both are dominated by volcanogenic-sedimentary successions.Second,there is lack of reliable dating samples from the uppermost part of the Huoshiling Formation due to its considerable burial depth.展开更多
Astrocytes,a major class of glial cells,have emerged as crucial regulators of synaptic function,neuronal homeostasis,and cognitive processes(Cabral-Miranda et al.,2024).These star-shaped cells not only provide structu...Astrocytes,a major class of glial cells,have emerged as crucial regulators of synaptic function,neuronal homeostasis,and cognitive processes(Cabral-Miranda et al.,2024).These star-shaped cells not only provide structural and metabolic support to neurons but also actively participate in modulating synaptic transmission,neurovascular coupling,and inflammatory responses in the brain.展开更多
Delayed neurocognitive recovery following anesthesia and surgery is a common complication in older adult patients.Synapses are fundamental to cognitive function.The activity of synapses heavily depends on the energy s...Delayed neurocognitive recovery following anesthesia and surgery is a common complication in older adult patients.Synapses are fundamental to cognitive function.The activity of synapses heavily depends on the energy supplied by synaptic mitochondria,which are significantly influenced by oxidative stress.Sirtuin 3 is a histone deacetylase located in the mitochondrial matrix that plays a pivotal role in regulating mitochondrial function.However,it remains unclear whether and how sirtuin 3 is involved in the development of delayed cognitive recovery.Therefore,in this study,we investigated the potential role of sirtuin 3 in synapses during delayed neurocognitive recovery.Our results showed that anesthesia and surgery induced cognitive impairment in mice and reduced sirtuin 3 protein expression.Overexpression of sirtuin 3 inhibited opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore by reducing acetylation of K166 on cyclophilin D and also rescued cognitive impairment.Aged mice carrying the cyclophilin D-K166R mutation exhibited significantly reduced cognitive impairment.Similarly,administering the mitochondrial permeability transition pore blocker,cyclosporine A,effectively alleviated the decline in synaptic mitochondrial function and cognitive impairment caused by anesthesia and surgery in aged mice.These results indicate that the sirtuin 3/cyclophilin D-K166/mPTP signaling pathway in hippocampal synaptic mitochondria is involved in delayed neurocognitive recovery of aged mice,suggesting this pathway could serve as a potential target for treatment.展开更多
Stand age plays a crucial role in forest biomass estimation and carbon cycle modeling.Assessing the uncertainty of stand age prediction models and identifying the key driving factors in the modeling process have becom...Stand age plays a crucial role in forest biomass estimation and carbon cycle modeling.Assessing the uncertainty of stand age prediction models and identifying the key driving factors in the modeling process have become major challenges in forestry research.In this study,we selected the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia region of Northeast China as the research area and utilized multi-source datasets from the summer of 2019 to extract information on spectral,textural,climatic,water balance,and stand characteristics.By integrating the Random Forest(RF)model with Monte Carlo(MC)simulation,we constructed six regression models based on different combina-tions of features and evaluated the uncertainty of each model.Furthermore,we investigated the driving factors influencing stand age modeling by analyzing the effects of different types of features on age inversion.Model performance and accuracy were assessed using the root mean square error(RMSE),mean absolute error(MAE),and the coefficient of determination(R^(2)),while the relative root mean square error(rRMSE)was employed to quantify model uncertainty.The results indicate that the scenarios with more obvious improve-ment in accuracy and effective reduction in uncertainty were Scenario 3 with the inclusion of climate and water balance information(RMSE=25.54 yr,MAE=18.03 yr,R^(2)=0.51,rRMSE=19.17%)and Scenario 5 with the inclusion of stand characterization informa-tion(RMSE=18.47 yr,MAE=13.05 yr,R^(2)=0.74,rRMSE=16.99%).Scenario 6,incorporating all feature types,achieved the highest accuracy(RMSE=17.60 yr,MAE=12.06 yr,R^(2)=0.77,rRMSE=14.19%).In this study,elevation,minimum temperature,and diameter at breast height(DBH)emerged as the key drivers of stand-age modeling.The proposed method can be used to identify drivers and to quantify uncertainty in stand-age estimation,providing a useful reference for improving model accuracy and uncertainty assessment.展开更多
Dear Editor,We present the reported case of repetitive bilateral suprachoroidal expulsive hemorrhage(SEH)after anti-glaucoma surgeries.SEH is a rare but potentially devastating complication of intraocular surgery.Long...Dear Editor,We present the reported case of repetitive bilateral suprachoroidal expulsive hemorrhage(SEH)after anti-glaucoma surgeries.SEH is a rare but potentially devastating complication of intraocular surgery.Long-term ocular hypertension,high myopia,older age,arterial sclerosis,and aphakia have been reported as preoperative risk factors for developing SEH^([1]).The prognosis for the visual acuity is poor without proper management.A suggested time for surgical drainage is said to be 10-14d when the hemorrhagic clot begins to liquefy^([2]).展开更多
Background To investigate the relationship of age at first separation from parents(AFSP)with suicidal ideation(SI),suicide planning(SP)and suicide attempts(SA)among left-behind children(LBC)in China and the mediating ...Background To investigate the relationship of age at first separation from parents(AFSP)with suicidal ideation(SI),suicide planning(SP)and suicide attempts(SA)among left-behind children(LBC)in China and the mediating effect of traumatic events(TEs).Methods This cross-sectional study employed a multistage sampling method to conduct questionnaire surveys in six high-concentrated LBC provinces.Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were performed to investigate the association of AFSP with SI,SP and SA,and meta-analysis(I2)was used to assess the heterogeneity.Causal mediation analysis(structural equation modelling)was used to evaluate the mediating effect of TEs,and bootstrap resampling was employed to assess the robustness of the causal mediation analysis.Results A total of 12162(6269 LBC)participants were included in this study;the prevalence rates of SI,SP and SA among LBC were 30.7%,18.6%and 11.9%;and LBC had a higher risk of SI(OR:1.32),SP(OR:1.40)and SA(OR:1.25)than non-LBC,all p<0.001.AFSP was negatively associated with SI,SP and SA,particularly peaking before 2 years old.LBC with AFSP<2 years old had a higher risk of SI(OR 2.65;95%CI 2.17 to 3.24;p<0.001),SP(OR 2.63;95%CI 3.36 to 4.29;p<0.001)and SA(OR 2.04;95%CI 2.73 to 3.63;p<0.001).TEs mediated the increased risk of SI(average causal mediation effect(ACME)0.03–0.07;proportion(Prop)40–54%;all p<0.001),SP(ACME 0.03–0.06;Prop 39–61%;all p<0.001)and SA(ACME 0.02–0.04;Prop 53–80%;all p<0.01).Conclusions We found that AFSP was associated with SI,SP and SA,mediated by TEs.Our findings supported the necessity of reducing SI,SP and SA risks among LBC and highlighted the need to consider AFSPs and TEs in intervention strategies.展开更多
目的:基于乙二醛酶-1(GLO-1)/晚期糖基化终末产物(AGE)/晚期糖基化终末产物受体(RAGE)通路探讨糖痹康干膏防治2型糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)的作用机制。方法:56只SD大鼠随机选取8只为正常组,其余48只大鼠予高脂饲料喂养联合腹腔注射链脲...目的:基于乙二醛酶-1(GLO-1)/晚期糖基化终末产物(AGE)/晚期糖基化终末产物受体(RAGE)通路探讨糖痹康干膏防治2型糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)的作用机制。方法:56只SD大鼠随机选取8只为正常组,其余48只大鼠予高脂饲料喂养联合腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导2型糖尿病(T2DM)模型,按血糖将大鼠随机分为模型组、唐林组(13.5 mg·kg^(-1))、二甲双胍组(135 mg·kg^(-1))和糖痹康干膏低、中、高剂量组(3、6、12 g·kg^(-1))。干预第4周模型组机械痛痛阈下降则DPN造模成功。每4周测定大鼠的空腹血糖、体质量、机械痛痛阈。干预16周,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色法观察坐骨神经病理形态,免疫组化法检测坐骨神经RAGE、AGE、蛋白激酶C(PKC)、胶原蛋白(COL)表达,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测坐骨神经RAGE、PKC、Toll样受体(TLR)、COL、GLO-1 m RNA表达。酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测大鼠血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、肌酐(CREA)、尿素(UREA)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α含量。结果:与正常组比较,模型组空腹血糖升高(P<0.01),体质量及机械痛痛阈降低(P<0.01),血清AST、ALT、CREA、UREA、IL-6、TNF-α升高(P<0.01),坐骨神经RAGE、AGE、PKC表达升高(P<0.01),COL表达降低(P<0.01),TLR、RAGE、PKC m RNA表达升高(P<0.01),COL、GLO-1 m RNA表达降低(P<0.01),坐骨神经形态不规则、轴索形态改变、髓鞘变性。与模型组比较,糖痹康干膏高剂量组各时间,中剂量组给药第4、16周空腹血糖降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);糖痹康干膏各剂量组体质量无明显变化;糖痹康干膏各剂量组在给药后不同时间出现痛阈升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);各剂量组血清IL-6、TNF-α含量下降(P<0.05,P<0.01);糖痹康干膏各剂量组坐骨神经中RAGE、AGE、PKC表达降低(P<0.01),COL表达升高(P<0.01),TLR、RAGE、PKC m RNA表达降低(P<0.01),GLO-1 m RNA表达升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),低、高剂量组COL m RNA表达升高(P<0.01),糖痹康干膏各剂量组病理表现均较模型组病变程度轻。结论:糖痹康干膏具有明显改善DPN作用,其机制可能与调控GLO-1/AGE/RAGE通路作用有关。展开更多
In this article,we discuss Ye et al's recent article on the association between age at diabetes diagnosis and subsequent risk of age-related ocular diseases.The study,which utilized United Kingdom Biobank data,hig...In this article,we discuss Ye et al's recent article on the association between age at diabetes diagnosis and subsequent risk of age-related ocular diseases.The study,which utilized United Kingdom Biobank data,highlighted a strong link between early diabetes onset and major eye conditions,such as cataracts,glaucoma,agerelated macular degeneration,and vision loss,independent of glycemic control and disease duration.This finding challenges the previous belief that diabetic eye disease primarily correlates with hyperglycemia.As lifestyles evolve and the age of diabetes diagnosis decreases,understanding this relationship may reveal the complex pathogenesis underlying diabetes-related complications.This editorial summarizes potential mechanisms connecting the age of diabetes onset with four types of ocular diseases,emphasizing the significance of early diagnosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Old donor allografts in liver transplantation(LT)account for 25%of all allografts,and their utilization is projected to increase with the aging general population.Older allografts are associated with higher...BACKGROUND Old donor allografts in liver transplantation(LT)account for 25%of all allografts,and their utilization is projected to increase with the aging general population.Older allografts are associated with higher rates of all-cause mortality and graft failure;however,there is limited literature exploring the specific phenotypic changes(e.g.,functional status,cause-specific mortality)observed in different donor:recipient age pairs.AIM To investigate differences in functional impairment and cause-specific mortality between different donor:recipient age pairs.METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of LT patients from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients from 2002 to 2022.Donors were categorized into younger age donors,≤45-years(YAD),middle-aged donors,46-69-years(MAD),and older age donors,≥70-years(OAD).Recipients were categorized into younger age recipients,≤55-years(YAR)and older age recipients,>55-years(OAR)age recipients.Multivariate Fine-Gray competing risk and logistic regression analyses identified independent risk factors for cause-specific mortality and improvements in functional status,respectively.RESULTS Overall,126185 patients were included in the analysis:YAD:YAR(32.7%), YAD:OAR (25.2%), MAD:YAR (17.5%), MAD:OAR (20.7%), OAD:YAR (1.3%), and OAD:OAR (2.7%). Compared toYAD:YAR, OAD pairs had the lowest likelihoods of improved functional status 5 years post-LT (OAD:YAR oddsratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.42-0.67, P < 0.001;OAD:OAR odds ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.51-0.89, P = 0.006). Donor:recipient age pairs with older donors had higher rates of graft- and infection-relatedmortality compared to those with younger donors (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, donor:recipient age pairs with olderrecipients had higher cardioneurovascular- or malignancy-related deaths compared to those with youngerrecipients (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONDonor:recipient age mismatch was associated with differences in cause-specific mortality and functional status.These insights could potentially inform age-matched organ allocation strategies, though future work is warranted.展开更多
Investigating geographical variation and functional adaptation of gut microbiomes in endangered species is an emerging field in conservation biology.Here,we investigated the endangered waterbird,Scaly-sided Merganser(...Investigating geographical variation and functional adaptation of gut microbiomes in endangered species is an emerging field in conservation biology.Here,we investigated the endangered waterbird,Scaly-sided Merganser(Mergus squamatus),that is endemic to East Asia.Using metagenomic sequencing,we characterized variations in gut microbiota composition and functional adaptation across Scaly-sided Merganser populations inhabiting the Fuer River,Manjiang River,and Lushui River basins in Northeast China.Furthermore,we investigated these variations at different developmental stages(adults and juveniles).Significant differences were observed in gut microbiota composition among the river populations,with the Fuer and Lushui groups exhibiting similar compositions that differed from the Manjiang group.However,no significant differences were found in the functional characteristics of gut microbiota among the three groups;these functions were primarily enriched in core pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid metabolism,and translation.This finding suggests functional redundancy,where key metabolic functions remain stable despite differentiation in microbial community composition.The adult Scaly-sided Merganser gut microbiota exhibited higher alpha diversity and showed significant enrichment in pathways related to detoxification metabolism,environmental adaptation,and energy conversion efficiency,suggesting the capacity to adapt to complex habitats.In contrast,the gut microbiota of juveniles was enriched in metabolic pathways related to the essential and conditionally essential amino acids methionine and cysteine,supporting the high protein synthesis demand during the rapid growth and developmental stage.This study highlights the structural plasticity and functional adaptability of the gut microbiota in the Scaly-sided Merganser,providing an empirical basis for the species'conservation and habitat management from a gut microbiome perspective.展开更多
基金Supported by High-level Professional Groups in Gangdong Province,No.GSPZYQ2020101Guangdong Province Educational Research Planning Project,No.2024GXJK742。
文摘BACKGROUND Paternal perinatal depression(PPD)is closely associated with maternal mental health challenges,marital strain,and adverse child developmental outcomes.Despite its significant impact,PPD remains under-recognized in family-centered clinical practice.Concurrently,against the backdrop of rising rates of delayed marriage and China’s Maternity Incentive Policy,the proportion of women giving birth at an advanced maternal age is increasing.Nevertheless,research specifically examining PPD among spouses of older mothers remains critically scarce,both in China and globally.AIM To investigate PPD and its influencing factors in Chinese advanced maternal age families.METHODS This cross-sectional study included 358 participants;it was conducted among fathers of pregnant women of advanced maternal age at five hospitals in the Pearl River Delta region of China from September 2023 to June 2024.Data were collected via a general information questionnaire,the Social Support Rating Scale,and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.Latent profile analysis and regression mixture models(RMMs)were adopted to analyze the latent PPD types and factors that influenced PPD.RESULTS The incidence of PPD was 16.48%,and three profiles were identified:Low-symptomatic(175 cases,48.89%),monophasic(140 cases,39.10%),and high-symptomatic(43 cases,12.01%).The RMM analysis revealed that first pregnancy,low income(<¥3000/month),part-time work,and a history of abnormal pregnancy were positively associated with the high-symptomatic type(P<0.05).Conversely,high subjective support and support utilization were negatively associated with the high-symptomatic type compared with the low-symptomatic type(P<0.05).Good couple relationships,high objective and subjective support,and high support utilization were negatively associated with monophasic disorder(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PPD incidence is high among Chinese fathers with advanced maternal age partners,and the characteristics of depression are varied.Healthcare practitioners should prioritize individuals with low levels of social support.
文摘Tinnitus:the hearing of a sound that has not been produced by any external or internal source,is a rather heterogeneous hearing disorder.Background/Objectives:Hearing loss has been shown to be the main risk factor for tinnitus while emotional disorders are risk factors for developing intrusive or bothersome tinnitus.Moreover,aging has also been identified as another risk factor.The aim of this paper was to analyse the correlation between hearing loss,age and tinnitus severity in a cohort of 610 tinnitus sufferers.Methods:Age,audiometric(hearing condition)and tinnitus(time duration and severity)data were assessed and analysed for all subjects just after recruiting(baseline).Furthermore,the average hearing loss(HL)curves of the participants for age groups were compared to these with the corresponding Age Related HL(ARHL).Results:For most of the age groups,the measured HL curves exceeded in 10-20 dB those of the ARHL.The average age of tinnitus onset(age minus tinnitus duration)was found to be 44-46 years in both men and women.Weak correlation between audiometric feature and tinnitus distress was observed.Conclusions:Hearing loss has been shown to be a clear risk factor for triggering tinnitus(86%of participants were hearing impaired).In this cohort,average measures of hearing loss showed,at most,weak associations with tinnitus-related distress,suggesting that non-audiological factors may play a predominant role.
基金supported and funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1300801)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program in Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(ASTIP-IAS-08)。
文摘Background The decline in reproductive performance of aged hens is mainly attributed to oxidative damage in reproductive organs,hepatic lipid metabolism disorders,and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis.Glycyrrhizin(GL)has been proven to enhance antioxidant capacity,regulate lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in mammals,but its efficacy in hens remains unclear.Hence,this study aimed to investigate whether dietary GL supplementation improves reproductive performance in hens during the late laying stage by modulating intestinal microbiota composition,hepatic lipid metabolism and ovarian antioxidant status.Results Dietary supplementation with 100 mg/kg GL significantly improved the egg production rate,egg quality,and hatching rate in aged breeder hens(P<0.05).GL supplementation also increased the serum levels of HDLC,TP and ALB,and enhanced the antioxidant capacity in both serum and ovary(P<0.05).In addition,dietary GL elevated the serum progesterone(P4)levels by enhancing the transcription level of steroid synthesis key enzymes(CYP11A1 and 3β-HSD)in the ovary(P<0.05).Dietary GL also promoted the synthesis and transport of vitellogenin(VTG)by upregulating the VTG-Ⅱ(P<0.05)and APOV1(P=0.077)expression levels in the liver,thereby increasing the number of grade follicles and small yellow follicles.Moreover,dietary GL enhanced hepatic fatty acidβ-oxidation by upregulating PPARαand CPT-I(P<0.05),and downregulating ACC expression levels(P<0.05).In agreement,liver metabolomics analysis revealed that dietary GL supplementation significantly altered hepatic metabolism,with 389 differentially identified metabolites(P<0.05).The key metabolites(e.g.,taurocholic acid,tauroursodeoxycholic acid,nicotinuric acid,glycodeoxycholic acid(hydrate))were identified,and they were mainly functionally enriched in betaalanine metabolism nicotinate,taurine and hypotaurine metabolism(P<0.05).Finally,16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that dietary GL reversed age-induced changes in gut microbiota composition,characterized by a significant increase in Lactobacillus abundance and a decrease in Bacteroides(P<0.05).Conclusions These results collectively demonstrate that dietary supplementation with 100 mg/kg GL improved reproductive performance by reversing age-induced changes in gut microbiota,enhancing hepatic vitellogenin synthesis,and ameliorating ovarian function in aged breeder hens.This study suggests that dietary GL is a potential strategy to improve reproductive performance in broiler breeder hens during the late laying period.
文摘Aging,mitochondria,and neurodegenerative diseases:Aging is often viewed as the buildup of changes that lead to the gradual transformations associated with getting older,along with a rising likelihood of disease and mortality.Although organis m-wide deterioration is observed during aging,organs with high metabolic demand,such as the brain,are more vulnerable.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42102135,42072140,42202122 and 41790453)Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJZD-M202101502,KJQN202201549 and KJQN202101535)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2022NSCQ-JQX0031 and CSTB2022NSCQMSX1586)China Scholarship Council(202208505055)。
文摘1.Objective The Songliao Basin(SB)is situated on the eastern margin of Eurasia continent(Northeast Asia).During the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous,hundreds of rifting basins developed in this area,and the SB is a unique case among them as it evolved into the largest rift basin.The rift basin filling of SB includes Huoshiling Formation,Shahezi Formation,and Yingcheng Formation in ascending order.The mega-rifting was controlled by the Mongol-Okhotsk Collisional Belt to the north and northwest and the Pacific Subduction Zone to the east(Wang PJ et al.,2016).As the first rifting succession,the Huoshiling Formation contains key information about the formation of the rifting basins and records the evolution of the Mongol-Okhotsk Collisional Belt and the Pacific Subduction Zone.However,the geological period of the Huoshiling Formation has not been well constrained for two main reasons.First,it is easily confused with the Yingcheng Formation,as both are dominated by volcanogenic-sedimentary successions.Second,there is lack of reliable dating samples from the uppermost part of the Huoshiling Formation due to its considerable burial depth.
文摘Astrocytes,a major class of glial cells,have emerged as crucial regulators of synaptic function,neuronal homeostasis,and cognitive processes(Cabral-Miranda et al.,2024).These star-shaped cells not only provide structural and metabolic support to neurons but also actively participate in modulating synaptic transmission,neurovascular coupling,and inflammatory responses in the brain.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81701040(to HM),82071180(to HM),82271206(to TL),82171191(to YW),82371211(to YW)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,No.7212023(to HM)Key Subject of the Natural Science Foundation ofJiangsu Province for Colleges and Universities,No.23KJA320009(to YW).
文摘Delayed neurocognitive recovery following anesthesia and surgery is a common complication in older adult patients.Synapses are fundamental to cognitive function.The activity of synapses heavily depends on the energy supplied by synaptic mitochondria,which are significantly influenced by oxidative stress.Sirtuin 3 is a histone deacetylase located in the mitochondrial matrix that plays a pivotal role in regulating mitochondrial function.However,it remains unclear whether and how sirtuin 3 is involved in the development of delayed cognitive recovery.Therefore,in this study,we investigated the potential role of sirtuin 3 in synapses during delayed neurocognitive recovery.Our results showed that anesthesia and surgery induced cognitive impairment in mice and reduced sirtuin 3 protein expression.Overexpression of sirtuin 3 inhibited opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore by reducing acetylation of K166 on cyclophilin D and also rescued cognitive impairment.Aged mice carrying the cyclophilin D-K166R mutation exhibited significantly reduced cognitive impairment.Similarly,administering the mitochondrial permeability transition pore blocker,cyclosporine A,effectively alleviated the decline in synaptic mitochondrial function and cognitive impairment caused by anesthesia and surgery in aged mice.These results indicate that the sirtuin 3/cyclophilin D-K166/mPTP signaling pathway in hippocampal synaptic mitochondria is involved in delayed neurocognitive recovery of aged mice,suggesting this pathway could serve as a potential target for treatment.
基金Under the auspices of the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32371875,32001249)。
文摘Stand age plays a crucial role in forest biomass estimation and carbon cycle modeling.Assessing the uncertainty of stand age prediction models and identifying the key driving factors in the modeling process have become major challenges in forestry research.In this study,we selected the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia region of Northeast China as the research area and utilized multi-source datasets from the summer of 2019 to extract information on spectral,textural,climatic,water balance,and stand characteristics.By integrating the Random Forest(RF)model with Monte Carlo(MC)simulation,we constructed six regression models based on different combina-tions of features and evaluated the uncertainty of each model.Furthermore,we investigated the driving factors influencing stand age modeling by analyzing the effects of different types of features on age inversion.Model performance and accuracy were assessed using the root mean square error(RMSE),mean absolute error(MAE),and the coefficient of determination(R^(2)),while the relative root mean square error(rRMSE)was employed to quantify model uncertainty.The results indicate that the scenarios with more obvious improve-ment in accuracy and effective reduction in uncertainty were Scenario 3 with the inclusion of climate and water balance information(RMSE=25.54 yr,MAE=18.03 yr,R^(2)=0.51,rRMSE=19.17%)and Scenario 5 with the inclusion of stand characterization informa-tion(RMSE=18.47 yr,MAE=13.05 yr,R^(2)=0.74,rRMSE=16.99%).Scenario 6,incorporating all feature types,achieved the highest accuracy(RMSE=17.60 yr,MAE=12.06 yr,R^(2)=0.77,rRMSE=14.19%).In this study,elevation,minimum temperature,and diameter at breast height(DBH)emerged as the key drivers of stand-age modeling.The proposed method can be used to identify drivers and to quantify uncertainty in stand-age estimation,providing a useful reference for improving model accuracy and uncertainty assessment.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82171087No.82201228)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2024JJ6570)the Scientific Research Launch Project for new employees of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.
文摘Dear Editor,We present the reported case of repetitive bilateral suprachoroidal expulsive hemorrhage(SEH)after anti-glaucoma surgeries.SEH is a rare but potentially devastating complication of intraocular surgery.Long-term ocular hypertension,high myopia,older age,arterial sclerosis,and aphakia have been reported as preoperative risk factors for developing SEH^([1]).The prognosis for the visual acuity is poor without proper management.A suggested time for surgical drainage is said to be 10-14d when the hemorrhagic clot begins to liquefy^([2]).
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)(Grant No 20BSH066,JZ).
文摘Background To investigate the relationship of age at first separation from parents(AFSP)with suicidal ideation(SI),suicide planning(SP)and suicide attempts(SA)among left-behind children(LBC)in China and the mediating effect of traumatic events(TEs).Methods This cross-sectional study employed a multistage sampling method to conduct questionnaire surveys in six high-concentrated LBC provinces.Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were performed to investigate the association of AFSP with SI,SP and SA,and meta-analysis(I2)was used to assess the heterogeneity.Causal mediation analysis(structural equation modelling)was used to evaluate the mediating effect of TEs,and bootstrap resampling was employed to assess the robustness of the causal mediation analysis.Results A total of 12162(6269 LBC)participants were included in this study;the prevalence rates of SI,SP and SA among LBC were 30.7%,18.6%and 11.9%;and LBC had a higher risk of SI(OR:1.32),SP(OR:1.40)and SA(OR:1.25)than non-LBC,all p<0.001.AFSP was negatively associated with SI,SP and SA,particularly peaking before 2 years old.LBC with AFSP<2 years old had a higher risk of SI(OR 2.65;95%CI 2.17 to 3.24;p<0.001),SP(OR 2.63;95%CI 3.36 to 4.29;p<0.001)and SA(OR 2.04;95%CI 2.73 to 3.63;p<0.001).TEs mediated the increased risk of SI(average causal mediation effect(ACME)0.03–0.07;proportion(Prop)40–54%;all p<0.001),SP(ACME 0.03–0.06;Prop 39–61%;all p<0.001)and SA(ACME 0.02–0.04;Prop 53–80%;all p<0.01).Conclusions We found that AFSP was associated with SI,SP and SA,mediated by TEs.Our findings supported the necessity of reducing SI,SP and SA risks among LBC and highlighted the need to consider AFSPs and TEs in intervention strategies.
文摘目的:基于乙二醛酶-1(GLO-1)/晚期糖基化终末产物(AGE)/晚期糖基化终末产物受体(RAGE)通路探讨糖痹康干膏防治2型糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)的作用机制。方法:56只SD大鼠随机选取8只为正常组,其余48只大鼠予高脂饲料喂养联合腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导2型糖尿病(T2DM)模型,按血糖将大鼠随机分为模型组、唐林组(13.5 mg·kg^(-1))、二甲双胍组(135 mg·kg^(-1))和糖痹康干膏低、中、高剂量组(3、6、12 g·kg^(-1))。干预第4周模型组机械痛痛阈下降则DPN造模成功。每4周测定大鼠的空腹血糖、体质量、机械痛痛阈。干预16周,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色法观察坐骨神经病理形态,免疫组化法检测坐骨神经RAGE、AGE、蛋白激酶C(PKC)、胶原蛋白(COL)表达,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测坐骨神经RAGE、PKC、Toll样受体(TLR)、COL、GLO-1 m RNA表达。酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测大鼠血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、肌酐(CREA)、尿素(UREA)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α含量。结果:与正常组比较,模型组空腹血糖升高(P<0.01),体质量及机械痛痛阈降低(P<0.01),血清AST、ALT、CREA、UREA、IL-6、TNF-α升高(P<0.01),坐骨神经RAGE、AGE、PKC表达升高(P<0.01),COL表达降低(P<0.01),TLR、RAGE、PKC m RNA表达升高(P<0.01),COL、GLO-1 m RNA表达降低(P<0.01),坐骨神经形态不规则、轴索形态改变、髓鞘变性。与模型组比较,糖痹康干膏高剂量组各时间,中剂量组给药第4、16周空腹血糖降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);糖痹康干膏各剂量组体质量无明显变化;糖痹康干膏各剂量组在给药后不同时间出现痛阈升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);各剂量组血清IL-6、TNF-α含量下降(P<0.05,P<0.01);糖痹康干膏各剂量组坐骨神经中RAGE、AGE、PKC表达降低(P<0.01),COL表达升高(P<0.01),TLR、RAGE、PKC m RNA表达降低(P<0.01),GLO-1 m RNA表达升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),低、高剂量组COL m RNA表达升高(P<0.01),糖痹康干膏各剂量组病理表现均较模型组病变程度轻。结论:糖痹康干膏具有明显改善DPN作用,其机制可能与调控GLO-1/AGE/RAGE通路作用有关。
文摘In this article,we discuss Ye et al's recent article on the association between age at diabetes diagnosis and subsequent risk of age-related ocular diseases.The study,which utilized United Kingdom Biobank data,highlighted a strong link between early diabetes onset and major eye conditions,such as cataracts,glaucoma,agerelated macular degeneration,and vision loss,independent of glycemic control and disease duration.This finding challenges the previous belief that diabetic eye disease primarily correlates with hyperglycemia.As lifestyles evolve and the age of diabetes diagnosis decreases,understanding this relationship may reveal the complex pathogenesis underlying diabetes-related complications.This editorial summarizes potential mechanisms connecting the age of diabetes onset with four types of ocular diseases,emphasizing the significance of early diagnosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Old donor allografts in liver transplantation(LT)account for 25%of all allografts,and their utilization is projected to increase with the aging general population.Older allografts are associated with higher rates of all-cause mortality and graft failure;however,there is limited literature exploring the specific phenotypic changes(e.g.,functional status,cause-specific mortality)observed in different donor:recipient age pairs.AIM To investigate differences in functional impairment and cause-specific mortality between different donor:recipient age pairs.METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of LT patients from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients from 2002 to 2022.Donors were categorized into younger age donors,≤45-years(YAD),middle-aged donors,46-69-years(MAD),and older age donors,≥70-years(OAD).Recipients were categorized into younger age recipients,≤55-years(YAR)and older age recipients,>55-years(OAR)age recipients.Multivariate Fine-Gray competing risk and logistic regression analyses identified independent risk factors for cause-specific mortality and improvements in functional status,respectively.RESULTS Overall,126185 patients were included in the analysis:YAD:YAR(32.7%), YAD:OAR (25.2%), MAD:YAR (17.5%), MAD:OAR (20.7%), OAD:YAR (1.3%), and OAD:OAR (2.7%). Compared toYAD:YAR, OAD pairs had the lowest likelihoods of improved functional status 5 years post-LT (OAD:YAR oddsratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.42-0.67, P < 0.001;OAD:OAR odds ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.51-0.89, P = 0.006). Donor:recipient age pairs with older donors had higher rates of graft- and infection-relatedmortality compared to those with younger donors (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, donor:recipient age pairs with olderrecipients had higher cardioneurovascular- or malignancy-related deaths compared to those with youngerrecipients (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONDonor:recipient age mismatch was associated with differences in cause-specific mortality and functional status.These insights could potentially inform age-matched organ allocation strategies, though future work is warranted.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 32471566)the Scientific Research Project of the Education Department of Jilin Province,China(grant number JJKH20241422KJ)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province,China(grant number 20230101160JC)。
文摘Investigating geographical variation and functional adaptation of gut microbiomes in endangered species is an emerging field in conservation biology.Here,we investigated the endangered waterbird,Scaly-sided Merganser(Mergus squamatus),that is endemic to East Asia.Using metagenomic sequencing,we characterized variations in gut microbiota composition and functional adaptation across Scaly-sided Merganser populations inhabiting the Fuer River,Manjiang River,and Lushui River basins in Northeast China.Furthermore,we investigated these variations at different developmental stages(adults and juveniles).Significant differences were observed in gut microbiota composition among the river populations,with the Fuer and Lushui groups exhibiting similar compositions that differed from the Manjiang group.However,no significant differences were found in the functional characteristics of gut microbiota among the three groups;these functions were primarily enriched in core pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid metabolism,and translation.This finding suggests functional redundancy,where key metabolic functions remain stable despite differentiation in microbial community composition.The adult Scaly-sided Merganser gut microbiota exhibited higher alpha diversity and showed significant enrichment in pathways related to detoxification metabolism,environmental adaptation,and energy conversion efficiency,suggesting the capacity to adapt to complex habitats.In contrast,the gut microbiota of juveniles was enriched in metabolic pathways related to the essential and conditionally essential amino acids methionine and cysteine,supporting the high protein synthesis demand during the rapid growth and developmental stage.This study highlights the structural plasticity and functional adaptability of the gut microbiota in the Scaly-sided Merganser,providing an empirical basis for the species'conservation and habitat management from a gut microbiome perspective.
