Aflatoxin B1(AFB1)is extremely hepatotoxic,a causative agent of liver cancer,and can cause symptoms of acute or chronic liver damage.Chito-oligosaccharides(COS),obtained from the degradation of chitosan derived from s...Aflatoxin B1(AFB1)is extremely hepatotoxic,a causative agent of liver cancer,and can cause symptoms of acute or chronic liver damage.Chito-oligosaccharides(COS),obtained from the degradation of chitosan derived from shrimp and crab shells,is a natural antioxidant substance and its antitumor properties have been widely studied,but less research has been done on the prevention of AFB1-induced acute liver injury.In this study,rats were acutely exposed to 1 mg/kg BW AFB1 and simultaneously gavaged with different doses of COS for 8 days.The results showed that COS attenuated the hepatic histopathological changes and reduced serum biochemical indices(ALT,AST,ALP,and TBIL)in rats.It significantly inhibited MDA content and promoted SOD and GSH-Px activity production.Moreover,it also improved hepatocyte apoptosis.Furthermore,AFB1-vs-HCOS differential genes were enriched with 622 GO entries,and 380 were Biological Processes,170 were Molecular Functions,72 were Cellular Components.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)analyzed by KEGG enrichment were more enriched in pathways,such as metabolism,PPAR signaling pathway,and peroxisome.Q-PCR technique verified that Lama5,Egr1,Cyp2b1,and Gadd45g in DEGs were associated with oxidative stress damage and apoptosis.In conclusion,COS intervention reduces the effect of AFB1 on hepatic genes and thus reduces the changes in hepatic gene function.展开更多
Background：The current study was carried out to provide a reference for the control of mycotoxin contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds for swine.Methods：A total of 55 feed ingredients,including 14 cor...Background：The current study was carried out to provide a reference for the control of mycotoxin contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds for swine.Methods：A total of 55 feed ingredients,including 14 corn,13 wheat bran,11 soybean meal and 17 dried distillers grains with solubles（DDGS） as well as 76 complete swine feeds including 7 creep feeds,14 starter feeds,14 grower feeds,18 grower-finisher feeds,10 gestating sow feeds,and 13 lactating sow feeds were randomly collected from15 swine farms located in the Beijing region of China from July to August 2011.Immunoaffinity clean-up,using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography（HPLC） in combination with UV or Fluorescence Detection,was used for quantitative analysis of aflatoxin B,（AFB,）,deoxynivalenol（DON）,zearalenone（ZEA） and ochratoxin A（OTA） in the ingredients and complete feeds.Results：DON and ZEA were the most prevalent mycotoxins found.DON was detected at percentages of 93,92,54,100 and 97%with a mean level of 1.01,0.44,0.05,1.36 and 0.65 ppm in the samples of corn,wheat bran,soybean meal,DDGS and complete feeds,respectively.The detected percentages of ZEA were 100,100,54,100 and 100 with mean levels of 109.1,14.9,9.2,882.7 and 58.9 ppb in the same samples.In the wheat bran and soybean meal samples,the content of all four mycotoxins were below the maximum limits set by Chinese regulations while the percentage of samples that exceeded regulatory limits were 7,57 and 7%for corn,and 7,14 and 3%for the complete feeds for AFB,,DON and OTA respectively.DDGS showed the most serious mycotoxin contamination and the percentage of samples that exceeded regulatory limits were 6,88 and 41%,for AFB,,DON and ZEA,respectively.Conclusions：This paper is the first to present data on the natural occurrence of AFB,,DON,ZEA and OTA in ingredients and complete feeds obtained from swine farms in China＇s Beijing region.The data shows that feed ingredients and complete swine feeds obtained from these farms are most often contaminated with DON followed by contamination with AFB,and ZEA.展开更多
基金financially supported by“National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(No.31972188)”“Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(21XD1401200)”.
文摘Aflatoxin B1(AFB1)is extremely hepatotoxic,a causative agent of liver cancer,and can cause symptoms of acute or chronic liver damage.Chito-oligosaccharides(COS),obtained from the degradation of chitosan derived from shrimp and crab shells,is a natural antioxidant substance and its antitumor properties have been widely studied,but less research has been done on the prevention of AFB1-induced acute liver injury.In this study,rats were acutely exposed to 1 mg/kg BW AFB1 and simultaneously gavaged with different doses of COS for 8 days.The results showed that COS attenuated the hepatic histopathological changes and reduced serum biochemical indices(ALT,AST,ALP,and TBIL)in rats.It significantly inhibited MDA content and promoted SOD and GSH-Px activity production.Moreover,it also improved hepatocyte apoptosis.Furthermore,AFB1-vs-HCOS differential genes were enriched with 622 GO entries,and 380 were Biological Processes,170 were Molecular Functions,72 were Cellular Components.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)analyzed by KEGG enrichment were more enriched in pathways,such as metabolism,PPAR signaling pathway,and peroxisome.Q-PCR technique verified that Lama5,Egr1,Cyp2b1,and Gadd45g in DEGs were associated with oxidative stress damage and apoptosis.In conclusion,COS intervention reduces the effect of AFB1 on hepatic genes and thus reduces the changes in hepatic gene function.
基金supported by the Introduction of International Advanced Agriculture Science and Technology Project(948 Project)(GrantNo.2013-Z20)the Program of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Agriculture(GrantNo.20120633)National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(GrantNo.2011BAD26B04)
文摘Background：The current study was carried out to provide a reference for the control of mycotoxin contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds for swine.Methods：A total of 55 feed ingredients,including 14 corn,13 wheat bran,11 soybean meal and 17 dried distillers grains with solubles（DDGS） as well as 76 complete swine feeds including 7 creep feeds,14 starter feeds,14 grower feeds,18 grower-finisher feeds,10 gestating sow feeds,and 13 lactating sow feeds were randomly collected from15 swine farms located in the Beijing region of China from July to August 2011.Immunoaffinity clean-up,using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography（HPLC） in combination with UV or Fluorescence Detection,was used for quantitative analysis of aflatoxin B,（AFB,）,deoxynivalenol（DON）,zearalenone（ZEA） and ochratoxin A（OTA） in the ingredients and complete feeds.Results：DON and ZEA were the most prevalent mycotoxins found.DON was detected at percentages of 93,92,54,100 and 97%with a mean level of 1.01,0.44,0.05,1.36 and 0.65 ppm in the samples of corn,wheat bran,soybean meal,DDGS and complete feeds,respectively.The detected percentages of ZEA were 100,100,54,100 and 100 with mean levels of 109.1,14.9,9.2,882.7 and 58.9 ppb in the same samples.In the wheat bran and soybean meal samples,the content of all four mycotoxins were below the maximum limits set by Chinese regulations while the percentage of samples that exceeded regulatory limits were 7,57 and 7%for corn,and 7,14 and 3%for the complete feeds for AFB,,DON and OTA respectively.DDGS showed the most serious mycotoxin contamination and the percentage of samples that exceeded regulatory limits were 6,88 and 41%,for AFB,,DON and ZEA,respectively.Conclusions：This paper is the first to present data on the natural occurrence of AFB,,DON,ZEA and OTA in ingredients and complete feeds obtained from swine farms in China＇s Beijing region.The data shows that feed ingredients and complete swine feeds obtained from these farms are most often contaminated with DON followed by contamination with AFB,and ZEA.
