The study addressed the question about modernization of Aflaj＇s administration, and pointed out the pros and cons of both traditional and modern methods. The traditional management seems powerless and is not eligible...The study addressed the question about modernization of Aflaj＇s administration, and pointed out the pros and cons of both traditional and modern methods. The traditional management seems powerless and is not eligible to follow the social and economic development, however this development even begins to reflect negatively on the administration of Aflaj. The traditional management system of Falaj by rural communities is still an independent management of the state. However, regardless the efficiency of the traditional management system in the past, this traditional management can not take in consideration waters development projects in their region, considering that the concept of local administration is differing with the concept of integrated water management. Therefore, the questions revolve around the future of traditional administration and the role of modern administration of the Aflaj water system to maximize the use of water. Hence, the need for the use of modern methods of the management of Falaj has become a leading supplier key demand to keep up with challenges. This method begins in the basic data onto the role and importance of water in the area of Falaj and pass through the definition of the region Falaj, wondering about an administrative boundary and the importance of the basin of Falaj and how is developing the database, like data network density of rainwater. The importance here is to choose the appropriate and required methods of the development and optimization of Falaj system management, as well as the scientific levels required by specialists, technicians and observers to Falaj administration. Otherwise, it is difficult, in the 21st century, to defme the priorities of geographical surroundings and study the future of Aflaj.展开更多
Oman is an arid country with an average annual rainfall of 100 mm. Agricultural productions in Oman is almost fully dependent on irrigation. More than one third of irrigation water is supplied by aflaj （singular： fa...Oman is an arid country with an average annual rainfall of 100 mm. Agricultural productions in Oman is almost fully dependent on irrigation. More than one third of irrigation water is supplied by aflaj （singular： falaj）, which provide 680× 10^6 m^3 of water per year and irrigate some 26,500 ha. Aflaj are trenches and tunnels, which are dug in the ground to convey water from one place to another. This study analyzed the existing management of Falaj Al Khatmain and proposed improvements to the system regarding water utilization, enriching community living, distribution of water among the shareholders and the water circulation during day and night. Furthermore, the study estimated the surplus water during the wet period and determined the recharge area of groundwater using the rainfall, falaj flow, wadi flow, water table and lithology of the wells located in or around the study area. The study concluded that under the climatic and hydro-geologic conditions in the study area, the best arrangement for recharging the groundwater is an infiltration pond to store surplus water from thefalaj in the subsurface pond or reservoir without dam construction.展开更多
Oman,which is located on the Southern East of Arabian Peninsula,classified as holding a semi arid climate with an average annual rainfall of 100 mm.Therefore,agricultural production in Oman is fully dependent in irrig...Oman,which is located on the Southern East of Arabian Peninsula,classified as holding a semi arid climate with an average annual rainfall of 100 mm.Therefore,agricultural production in Oman is fully dependent in irrigation.More than one third is supplied by the ancient aflaj(sing.Falaj),which provide 680×10^6 m^3 of water per year and irrigate of an area of 26,500 ha.There is two commonly known definition of the aflaj;the locally defined from the classic Arabic root as to divide the water among its shareholders.And the modern technical definition as trenches and tunnels,which are dug in the ground,to convey the accumulated rainfall water table to the irrigated area in the villages.This study explores some of the existing institutional arrangements found within Falaj Al Khatamain,at the village of Birkat Al mawz located in the Interiold region,sultanate of Oman.This study uses a serial of recorded rainfall data along of a serial recorded falaj monitored flow to examine to what extend the existed falaj institutional arrangements reflected to the water physical variability.The study concluded that there is strong relationship between Falaj Al Khatamain physical water variability and its institutional arrangements setting.展开更多
文摘The study addressed the question about modernization of Aflaj＇s administration, and pointed out the pros and cons of both traditional and modern methods. The traditional management seems powerless and is not eligible to follow the social and economic development, however this development even begins to reflect negatively on the administration of Aflaj. The traditional management system of Falaj by rural communities is still an independent management of the state. However, regardless the efficiency of the traditional management system in the past, this traditional management can not take in consideration waters development projects in their region, considering that the concept of local administration is differing with the concept of integrated water management. Therefore, the questions revolve around the future of traditional administration and the role of modern administration of the Aflaj water system to maximize the use of water. Hence, the need for the use of modern methods of the management of Falaj has become a leading supplier key demand to keep up with challenges. This method begins in the basic data onto the role and importance of water in the area of Falaj and pass through the definition of the region Falaj, wondering about an administrative boundary and the importance of the basin of Falaj and how is developing the database, like data network density of rainwater. The importance here is to choose the appropriate and required methods of the development and optimization of Falaj system management, as well as the scientific levels required by specialists, technicians and observers to Falaj administration. Otherwise, it is difficult, in the 21st century, to defme the priorities of geographical surroundings and study the future of Aflaj.
文摘Oman is an arid country with an average annual rainfall of 100 mm. Agricultural productions in Oman is almost fully dependent on irrigation. More than one third of irrigation water is supplied by aflaj （singular： falaj）, which provide 680× 10^6 m^3 of water per year and irrigate some 26,500 ha. Aflaj are trenches and tunnels, which are dug in the ground to convey water from one place to another. This study analyzed the existing management of Falaj Al Khatmain and proposed improvements to the system regarding water utilization, enriching community living, distribution of water among the shareholders and the water circulation during day and night. Furthermore, the study estimated the surplus water during the wet period and determined the recharge area of groundwater using the rainfall, falaj flow, wadi flow, water table and lithology of the wells located in or around the study area. The study concluded that under the climatic and hydro-geologic conditions in the study area, the best arrangement for recharging the groundwater is an infiltration pond to store surplus water from thefalaj in the subsurface pond or reservoir without dam construction.
文摘Oman,which is located on the Southern East of Arabian Peninsula,classified as holding a semi arid climate with an average annual rainfall of 100 mm.Therefore,agricultural production in Oman is fully dependent in irrigation.More than one third is supplied by the ancient aflaj(sing.Falaj),which provide 680×10^6 m^3 of water per year and irrigate of an area of 26,500 ha.There is two commonly known definition of the aflaj;the locally defined from the classic Arabic root as to divide the water among its shareholders.And the modern technical definition as trenches and tunnels,which are dug in the ground,to convey the accumulated rainfall water table to the irrigated area in the villages.This study explores some of the existing institutional arrangements found within Falaj Al Khatamain,at the village of Birkat Al mawz located in the Interiold region,sultanate of Oman.This study uses a serial of recorded rainfall data along of a serial recorded falaj monitored flow to examine to what extend the existed falaj institutional arrangements reflected to the water physical variability.The study concluded that there is strong relationship between Falaj Al Khatamain physical water variability and its institutional arrangements setting.
