Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)constitutes approximately 15%of all lung cancer cases,characterized by rapid tumor growth,a high pro-liferation rate,and a propensity for early metastasis.1 Approximately one-third of SCLC ...Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)constitutes approximately 15%of all lung cancer cases,characterized by rapid tumor growth,a high pro-liferation rate,and a propensity for early metastasis.1 Approximately one-third of SCLC patients are diagnosed at the limited-stage.Histor-ically,the standard of care for these patients has been 4-6 cycles of concurrent chemoradiotherapy(cCRT),with the exception of a minor-ity of early-stage T1-2N0 patients who may undergo radical surgery.2 Despite an initial high sensitivity to treatment,over 50%of patients experience disease recurrence within two years,with a median overall survival(OS)ranging from 16 to 24 months.For the past three decades,while there have been novel explorations in radiotherapy dosing and fractionation,the treatment paradigm for limited-stage SCLC(LS-SCLC)has remained largely unchanged,with no significant improvement in patient survival outcomes.展开更多
Background The importance of sheep breeding in the Mediterranean part of the eastern Adriatic has a long tradition since its arrival during the Neolithic migrations.Sheep production system is extensive and generally c...Background The importance of sheep breeding in the Mediterranean part of the eastern Adriatic has a long tradition since its arrival during the Neolithic migrations.Sheep production system is extensive and generally carried out in traditional systems without intensive systematic breeding programmes for high uniform trait production(carcass,wool and milk yield).Therefore,eight indigenous Croatian sheep breeds from eastern Adriatic treated here as metapopulation(EAS),are generally considered as multipurpose breeds(milk,meat and wool),not specialised for a particular type of production,but known for their robustness and resistance to certain environmental conditions.Our objective was to identify genomic regions and genes that exhibit patterns of positive selection signatures,decipher their biological and productive functionality,and provide a"genomic"characterization of EAS adaptation and determine its production type.Results We identified positive selection signatures in EAS using several methods based on reduced local variation,linkage disequilibrium and site frequency spectrum(eROHi,iHS,nSL and CLR).Our analyses identified numerous genomic regions and genes(e.g.,desmosomal cadherin and desmoglein gene families)associated with environmental adaptation and economically important traits.Most candidate genes were related to meat/production and health/immune response traits,while some of the candidate genes discovered were important for domestication and evolutionary processes(e.g.,HOXa gene family and FSIP2).These results were also confirmed by GO and QTL enrichment analysis.Conclusions Our results contribute to a better understanding of the unique adaptive genetic architecture of EAS and define its productive type,ultimately providing a new opportunity for future breeding programmes.At the same time,the numerous genes identified will improve our understanding of ruminant(sheep)robustness and resistance in the harsh and specific Mediterranean environment.展开更多
The strongest documented seismic disaster ever occurred in the Po Plain area (January 3, 1117, M = 6.5) involved significant damage over a large zone. The genetic mechanism of such </span><span style="fo...The strongest documented seismic disaster ever occurred in the Po Plain area (January 3, 1117, M = 6.5) involved significant damage over a large zone. The genetic mechanism of such </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">an </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">event, most probably caused by more than one earthquake, is still </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">an </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">object of debate. Above all, the sources so far proposed cannot account for significant features of the observed macroseismic field. In this work, we suggest that the damage in the Verona zone was caused by the activation of a fault in the Lessini tectonic district, while damage in the central Po Plain may be related to a thrust fault located beneath the Giudicarie belt. The effects felt in northern Tuscany might derive from the seismic activ</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ation</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of the pre</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sumed SW-ward buried prolongation of the Giudicarie fault. The presence of such transpressional lithospheric discontinuity in the Adriatic domain since the upper Miocene and its reactivation (Pliocene-Pleistocene</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) as a thrust zone is mainly suggested by an accurate analysis of the observed deformation pattern in the central Mediterranean region. The proposed Giudicarie source may also help to explain the damage observed in the central Po Plain on December 25, 1222, which is not compatible with the seismic sources so far proposed.展开更多
A population of the invasive mussel Arcuatula senhousia(Benson in Cantor,1842)was monitored seasonally(May,July and October 2015)in the Varano lagoon,the largest brackish basin of Southern Italy,within the Gargano Nat...A population of the invasive mussel Arcuatula senhousia(Benson in Cantor,1842)was monitored seasonally(May,July and October 2015)in the Varano lagoon,the largest brackish basin of Southern Italy,within the Gargano National Park,Central Adriatic Sea,in order to give information on the abundance,wet weight and frequency classes.The data were collected during a survey carried within the framework of the Regional Project FEP Apulia 2007/2013 “Identificazione di misure per una migliore gestione e conservazione della risorsa vongola nel lago di Varano(FG)”.Summer anoxia may have reduced the mussel population,resulting in less abundance,wet weight and average size in October than in July and May.In particular,about length data,two cohorts were observed in May and October 2015,while a modal distribution in July 2015.展开更多
The monthly changes in chlorophyll a, phytoplankton abundance and physicochemical parameters at two stations in Boka Kotorska Bay were investigated between 2003-2004. Nutrient salts varied widely, with maximum 3.65 μ...The monthly changes in chlorophyll a, phytoplankton abundance and physicochemical parameters at two stations in Boka Kotorska Bay were investigated between 2003-2004. Nutrient salts varied widely, with maximum 3.65 μmol.L^-1 for nitrates and 0.23 μmol.L^-1 for phosphate. Chlorophyll a concentration ranged from 0.25 to 7.63 mg·m^3 and the highest value was measured in winter period of year. It seems that reason for this is the land-based nutrient input into the coastal area here. According to chlorophyll a, nitrates and phosphates concentrations, the area could be oligomesotrophic to mesotrophic during winter.展开更多
The island of Vis in the Adriatic Sea(Croatia)is a central Adriatic island.This is a small island(89.72 km^(2))but it has a large maritime zone(6,601 km^(2))featuring geologically very attractive open-sea islets known...The island of Vis in the Adriatic Sea(Croatia)is a central Adriatic island.This is a small island(89.72 km^(2))but it has a large maritime zone(6,601 km^(2))featuring geologically very attractive open-sea islets known for having rich fishing grounds.The Vis Archipelago was officially declared a UNESCO Geopark on April 18th 2019.This was the first area of the Croatian Adriatic to be included in the Global UNESCO Geopark Network.This paper presents the world-known monument of nature in the Adriatic Sea-the Blue Cave,a sea grotto of exceptional beauty on a small islet of Biševo in the Vis Archipelago Geopark.The author links the Blue Cave’s discovery to the beginning of tourism in Dalmatia,and he presents a few interesting commentaries and impressions of the Blue Cave by various visitors,especially in comparison to the more widely known Grotta Azzurra on the island of Capri near Naples(Italy).展开更多
Seismic activity is quite strong in the peri-Adriatic zones, whereas the internal part of the Adria plate is almost aseismic. This pattern suggests that Adria is a solid block that interacts with the surrounding belts...Seismic activity is quite strong in the peri-Adriatic zones, whereas the internal part of the Adria plate is almost aseismic. This pattern suggests that Adria is a solid block that interacts with the surrounding belts, trying to move roughly northward. Each major earthquake in a peri-Adriatic zone triggers the acceleration of the decoupled Adria sector, which induces a perturbation of the stress/strain fields in the still blocked boundaries of the plate. Step by step, the displacement of Adria involves more and more northern zones to finally reach the northern front of the plate (eastern Southern Alps). This interpretation seems to be compatible with the time patterns of seismic activity in the main peri-Adriatic zones since 1600 A.D., which may suggest repeated northward migrations of seismic crises. Each supposed migrating sequence involves major earthquakes in most zones. The main features of the first 4 seismic sequences (1600-1930) are used to get insights into possible regularities in the progressive activations of the peri-Adriatic zones. This information and the main features of the ongoing migrating sequence (since 1931) are then used to tentatively recognize the peri-Adriatic zones where the occurrence of next major earthquakes may be most likely.展开更多
The Drini and ManfredoniaGulfswere investigated in May 2008 and April 2009, respectively. The gulfs are located in the South Eastern (GulfofDrini) and South Western (GulfofManfredonia)Adriatic Sea. The areas are parti...The Drini and ManfredoniaGulfswere investigated in May 2008 and April 2009, respectively. The gulfs are located in the South Eastern (GulfofDrini) and South Western (GulfofManfredonia)Adriatic Sea. The areas are partially influenced by two main Adriatic surface currents: the Eastern Adriatic Current-EAC that flows north-westward along the eastern side, and the Western Adriatic Current—WAC that flows south-eastward along the western side of the basin. The spatial variations of temperature, salinity, fluorescence, dissolved oxygen concentration, Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter—CDOM, nutrients, chlorophyll a and phytoplankton composition parameters in the two areas were observed and compared. CDOM regulates the penetration of UV light into the sea and plays an important role in many hydrological and biogeochemical processes on the sea surface layer including primary productivity. The phytoplankton specific diversity of the Gulf of Manfredonia showed a spring community with dinoflagellates (21 taxa) as the main important fraction, coccolithophorales (6 taxa) and diatoms with 10 identified taxa. The phytoplankton distribution along the eastern coast showed a different biodiversity: a prevalence of dinoflagellates (58 taxa) included harmful microalgae such as Alexandrium, Dinophysis and Lingulodinium genus. Diatoms were less abundant, among them Pseudo-nitzschia was also reported which could include some potentially toxic species. Nanoplankton are ever abundant in offshore waters and an exceptional bloom of cyanobacteria was registered in Buna-Boyana estuary due to strong industrial impact. The gulfs showed similar physical and biochemical characteristics despite the WAC carried out along the westernAdriatic Seathe water rich in nutrients from the major northern Italian rivers. No correlations were found between CDOM and chlorophyll a in the two areas and this implied that, probably, the primary source of CDOM might come from terrestrial input rather than the biological production from phytoplankton. The Gulf of Drini is impacted by the runoff of the Buna-Bojana River that makes this gulf an eutrophic area despite the mostly eastern side of the Adriatic being an oligotrophic basin.展开更多
This book is the first collection of works by top art academy illustrator and crossover artist Wang Chen.Living in Croatia,Slovenia,and Hungary,surrounded by the Adriatic Sea,he uses vibrant colors and bold brushstrok...This book is the first collection of works by top art academy illustrator and crossover artist Wang Chen.Living in Croatia,Slovenia,and Hungary,surrounded by the Adriatic Sea,he uses vibrant colors and bold brushstrokes to record his wanderings between mountains and seas,the outskirts of cities,and the passionate cultural atmosphere of Southern Europe,capturing moments like the rain in Zagreb,winter hiking in Rijeka,and the secret wild beaches of Krk Island.Switching casually between roles as an Italian-Chinese translator,drama and film actor,fashion model,and music creator,the author in this book presents an unbroken narrative of illustrations showcasing the exciting moments during rehearsals and tours at Italian theaters,behind-the-scenes at film shoots,and live performances by bands and at fashion shows.展开更多
This paper presents a novel approach for predicting the water quality indicator-Secchi disk depth(Z_(SD)).Z_(SD)indirectly reflects water clarity and serves as a proxy for other quality parameters.This study utilizes ...This paper presents a novel approach for predicting the water quality indicator-Secchi disk depth(Z_(SD)).Z_(SD)indirectly reflects water clarity and serves as a proxy for other quality parameters.This study utilizes Deep Neural Network(DNN)trained on satellite remote sensing and measured data from three sources:two datasets obtained from official agencies in Croatia and Slovenia,and one citizen science data source,all covering the northern coastal region of the Adriatic Sea.The proposed model uses 1D Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)in the spectral dimension to predict Z_(SD).The model’s performance indicates a strong fit to the observed data,proving capability of 1D-CNN to capture changes in water transparency.On the test dataset,the model achieved a high R-squared value of 0.890,a low root mean squared error(RMSE)of 0.023 and mean absolute error(MAE)of 0.014.These results demonstrate that employing a 1D-CNN in the spectral dimension of Sentinel-3 OLCI data is an effective approach for predicting water quality.These findings have significant implications for monitoring Z_(SD)in coastal areas.By integrating diverse data sources and leveraging advanced machine learning algorithms,a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of water quality can be achieved.展开更多
INTRODUCTION WITH HISTORICAL AND DIPLOMATIC BACKGROUND.Situated at the southern part of the Adriatic coast,Montenegro is a small country in size but is gaining importance in international economic and geopolitical aff...INTRODUCTION WITH HISTORICAL AND DIPLOMATIC BACKGROUND.Situated at the southern part of the Adriatic coast,Montenegro is a small country in size but is gaining importance in international economic and geopolitical affairs.Over the past decade,it has found itself balancing between the East and the West-aspiring to join the European Union(EU),while staying open to global partnerships,particularly with China.展开更多
Although information about embryonic and larval development of garpike,Belone belone(Linnaeus,1761),is present in the published literature,the bulk of research concerns garpike from the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and...Although information about embryonic and larval development of garpike,Belone belone(Linnaeus,1761),is present in the published literature,the bulk of research concerns garpike from the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea.The present work describes the embryonic and larval development of garpike,Belone belone,from the Adriatic Sea,and methods used for incubation of fertilized eggs in aquarium conditions.Because garpike is,as suggested by some authors,divided into subspecies,we conclude that some differences in embryonic development could also be expected.In the present study,eggs were fertilized using the dry fertilization method and were incubated in a tank equipped with aeration and constant sea water flow.Salinity and content of dissolved oxygen were constant,and the temperature varied between 19.4 and 22.3°C.Eggs were spherical,measuring 3071.9±75.73μm in diameter.Yolk sacs were homogeneous and did not contain oil globules.The first larvae hatched 329 h and 47 min after fertilization.Absorption of the yolk sac occurred 17 h–48 h after hatching and the total length of newly hatched larvae was 9.78 mm.The peculiarities observed in the embryonic and early larval development are evidence of an exceptional plasticity and adaptive potential,which could be considered as helpful features in extending the natural range of occurrence of this species.展开更多
This paper aims at offering an analysis of the attempts of Russian empire before, and the Soviet empire later, until to now, to exert its influence in the Mediterranean area. Drawing also from Russian archival sources...This paper aims at offering an analysis of the attempts of Russian empire before, and the Soviet empire later, until to now, to exert its influence in the Mediterranean area. Drawing also from Russian archival sources, the relations between the Soviet Union and Russia, on one side, and some countries in the Mediterranean or Adriatic areas, like former Yugoslavia or Syria, will be examined. Part of the historiography, firstly Soviet and then Russian, continued to maintain a theory, according to which Stalin’s foreign policy choices were made as a sheer reaction to English and American challenges in the region which goes from the Adriatic to the Persian Gulf. According to others, Stalin’s foreign policy was formed during and immediately after World War II and was dictated by Stalin’s personal ambitions, reinforced by the victory over Nazi Germany. However, the documents consulted until now allow for a new approach and a new evaluation of the events. The picture that emerges from an analysis of the new documentation is more complex than what could have been imagined. The clarification of the objectives and actions to be undertaken in various European countries, where communist regimes were intended to be established, was dictated by pragmatic considerations and by the development of the situation in the various countries under the Soviet influence. In addition, the USSR indirectly aimed at influencing foreign as well as internal policy in countries, such as Italy, which did not belong to the Soviet sphere.展开更多
During the last years many authors have char-acterized the produced formation waters (PFWs) with respect to chemical compounds and toxic-ity. Most of data are related to PFWs collected on offshore platform after treat...During the last years many authors have char-acterized the produced formation waters (PFWs) with respect to chemical compounds and toxic-ity. Most of data are related to PFWs collected on offshore platform after treatment process. The available results showed that the particulate phase had an influence on PFW toxicity. As-suming the toxicity of PFWs treated on platform, the aim of this paper is to study the toxicity of these PFWs after a further filtration treatment carried out in laboratory. For this purpose PFWs were sampled from three natural gas platforms located in the Adriatic Sea (Italy) below treat-ment system. The eco-toxicological bioassays have been conducted on test-organisms be-longing to different trophic levels such as bac-teria, algae, crustaceans and fishes. The PFWs resulted toxic according to an overall assess-ment obtained through the bioassays. Further-more, it has been possible to identify the spe-cies that were more sensitive to the tested PFWs, namely Tigriopus fulvus, Dicentrarchus labrax and Vibrio fischeri. Besides, a chemical char-acterization was reported related to the con-taminants present in the PFWs to go with eco-toxicological assessment. Barium, zinc and manganese showed the most concentrations among the metals and the lower molecular weight components were common among the organic compounds. Some differences among PFWs were observed both for toxicity and chemical composition. The highest toxicity was recorded in PFWs (PFW1 and PFW2) containing the highest concentrations of some metals (Ba, Mn and Zn) and/or BTEX.展开更多
基金supported by the Young Talents Program of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital(grant number:QL201813).
文摘Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)constitutes approximately 15%of all lung cancer cases,characterized by rapid tumor growth,a high pro-liferation rate,and a propensity for early metastasis.1 Approximately one-third of SCLC patients are diagnosed at the limited-stage.Histor-ically,the standard of care for these patients has been 4-6 cycles of concurrent chemoradiotherapy(cCRT),with the exception of a minor-ity of early-stage T1-2N0 patients who may undergo radical surgery.2 Despite an initial high sensitivity to treatment,over 50%of patients experience disease recurrence within two years,with a median overall survival(OS)ranging from 16 to 24 months.For the past three decades,while there have been novel explorations in radiotherapy dosing and fractionation,the treatment paradigm for limited-stage SCLC(LS-SCLC)has remained largely unchanged,with no significant improvement in patient survival outcomes.
基金supported by Croatian Science Foundation project IP-2018–01-8708-Application of NGS methods in the assessment of genomic variability in ruminants–“ANAGRAMS”the EU Operational Program Competitiveness and Cohesion 2014–2020 project KK.01.1.1.04.0058—Potential of microencapsulation in cheese productionthe project No.QK1919156 of the Ministry of Agriculture,Czech Republic.
文摘Background The importance of sheep breeding in the Mediterranean part of the eastern Adriatic has a long tradition since its arrival during the Neolithic migrations.Sheep production system is extensive and generally carried out in traditional systems without intensive systematic breeding programmes for high uniform trait production(carcass,wool and milk yield).Therefore,eight indigenous Croatian sheep breeds from eastern Adriatic treated here as metapopulation(EAS),are generally considered as multipurpose breeds(milk,meat and wool),not specialised for a particular type of production,but known for their robustness and resistance to certain environmental conditions.Our objective was to identify genomic regions and genes that exhibit patterns of positive selection signatures,decipher their biological and productive functionality,and provide a"genomic"characterization of EAS adaptation and determine its production type.Results We identified positive selection signatures in EAS using several methods based on reduced local variation,linkage disequilibrium and site frequency spectrum(eROHi,iHS,nSL and CLR).Our analyses identified numerous genomic regions and genes(e.g.,desmosomal cadherin and desmoglein gene families)associated with environmental adaptation and economically important traits.Most candidate genes were related to meat/production and health/immune response traits,while some of the candidate genes discovered were important for domestication and evolutionary processes(e.g.,HOXa gene family and FSIP2).These results were also confirmed by GO and QTL enrichment analysis.Conclusions Our results contribute to a better understanding of the unique adaptive genetic architecture of EAS and define its productive type,ultimately providing a new opportunity for future breeding programmes.At the same time,the numerous genes identified will improve our understanding of ruminant(sheep)robustness and resistance in the harsh and specific Mediterranean environment.
文摘The strongest documented seismic disaster ever occurred in the Po Plain area (January 3, 1117, M = 6.5) involved significant damage over a large zone. The genetic mechanism of such </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">an </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">event, most probably caused by more than one earthquake, is still </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">an </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">object of debate. Above all, the sources so far proposed cannot account for significant features of the observed macroseismic field. In this work, we suggest that the damage in the Verona zone was caused by the activation of a fault in the Lessini tectonic district, while damage in the central Po Plain may be related to a thrust fault located beneath the Giudicarie belt. The effects felt in northern Tuscany might derive from the seismic activ</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ation</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of the pre</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sumed SW-ward buried prolongation of the Giudicarie fault. The presence of such transpressional lithospheric discontinuity in the Adriatic domain since the upper Miocene and its reactivation (Pliocene-Pleistocene</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) as a thrust zone is mainly suggested by an accurate analysis of the observed deformation pattern in the central Mediterranean region. The proposed Giudicarie source may also help to explain the damage observed in the central Po Plain on December 25, 1222, which is not compatible with the seismic sources so far proposed.
文摘A population of the invasive mussel Arcuatula senhousia(Benson in Cantor,1842)was monitored seasonally(May,July and October 2015)in the Varano lagoon,the largest brackish basin of Southern Italy,within the Gargano National Park,Central Adriatic Sea,in order to give information on the abundance,wet weight and frequency classes.The data were collected during a survey carried within the framework of the Regional Project FEP Apulia 2007/2013 “Identificazione di misure per una migliore gestione e conservazione della risorsa vongola nel lago di Varano(FG)”.Summer anoxia may have reduced the mussel population,resulting in less abundance,wet weight and average size in October than in July and May.In particular,about length data,two cohorts were observed in May and October 2015,while a modal distribution in July 2015.
文摘The monthly changes in chlorophyll a, phytoplankton abundance and physicochemical parameters at two stations in Boka Kotorska Bay were investigated between 2003-2004. Nutrient salts varied widely, with maximum 3.65 μmol.L^-1 for nitrates and 0.23 μmol.L^-1 for phosphate. Chlorophyll a concentration ranged from 0.25 to 7.63 mg·m^3 and the highest value was measured in winter period of year. It seems that reason for this is the land-based nutrient input into the coastal area here. According to chlorophyll a, nitrates and phosphates concentrations, the area could be oligomesotrophic to mesotrophic during winter.
文摘The island of Vis in the Adriatic Sea(Croatia)is a central Adriatic island.This is a small island(89.72 km^(2))but it has a large maritime zone(6,601 km^(2))featuring geologically very attractive open-sea islets known for having rich fishing grounds.The Vis Archipelago was officially declared a UNESCO Geopark on April 18th 2019.This was the first area of the Croatian Adriatic to be included in the Global UNESCO Geopark Network.This paper presents the world-known monument of nature in the Adriatic Sea-the Blue Cave,a sea grotto of exceptional beauty on a small islet of Biševo in the Vis Archipelago Geopark.The author links the Blue Cave’s discovery to the beginning of tourism in Dalmatia,and he presents a few interesting commentaries and impressions of the Blue Cave by various visitors,especially in comparison to the more widely known Grotta Azzurra on the island of Capri near Naples(Italy).
文摘Seismic activity is quite strong in the peri-Adriatic zones, whereas the internal part of the Adria plate is almost aseismic. This pattern suggests that Adria is a solid block that interacts with the surrounding belts, trying to move roughly northward. Each major earthquake in a peri-Adriatic zone triggers the acceleration of the decoupled Adria sector, which induces a perturbation of the stress/strain fields in the still blocked boundaries of the plate. Step by step, the displacement of Adria involves more and more northern zones to finally reach the northern front of the plate (eastern Southern Alps). This interpretation seems to be compatible with the time patterns of seismic activity in the main peri-Adriatic zones since 1600 A.D., which may suggest repeated northward migrations of seismic crises. Each supposed migrating sequence involves major earthquakes in most zones. The main features of the first 4 seismic sequences (1600-1930) are used to get insights into possible regularities in the progressive activations of the peri-Adriatic zones. This information and the main features of the ongoing migrating sequence (since 1931) are then used to tentatively recognize the peri-Adriatic zones where the occurrence of next major earthquakes may be most likely.
基金funded by the Italian Ministry of the Environment.
文摘The Drini and ManfredoniaGulfswere investigated in May 2008 and April 2009, respectively. The gulfs are located in the South Eastern (GulfofDrini) and South Western (GulfofManfredonia)Adriatic Sea. The areas are partially influenced by two main Adriatic surface currents: the Eastern Adriatic Current-EAC that flows north-westward along the eastern side, and the Western Adriatic Current—WAC that flows south-eastward along the western side of the basin. The spatial variations of temperature, salinity, fluorescence, dissolved oxygen concentration, Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter—CDOM, nutrients, chlorophyll a and phytoplankton composition parameters in the two areas were observed and compared. CDOM regulates the penetration of UV light into the sea and plays an important role in many hydrological and biogeochemical processes on the sea surface layer including primary productivity. The phytoplankton specific diversity of the Gulf of Manfredonia showed a spring community with dinoflagellates (21 taxa) as the main important fraction, coccolithophorales (6 taxa) and diatoms with 10 identified taxa. The phytoplankton distribution along the eastern coast showed a different biodiversity: a prevalence of dinoflagellates (58 taxa) included harmful microalgae such as Alexandrium, Dinophysis and Lingulodinium genus. Diatoms were less abundant, among them Pseudo-nitzschia was also reported which could include some potentially toxic species. Nanoplankton are ever abundant in offshore waters and an exceptional bloom of cyanobacteria was registered in Buna-Boyana estuary due to strong industrial impact. The gulfs showed similar physical and biochemical characteristics despite the WAC carried out along the westernAdriatic Seathe water rich in nutrients from the major northern Italian rivers. No correlations were found between CDOM and chlorophyll a in the two areas and this implied that, probably, the primary source of CDOM might come from terrestrial input rather than the biological production from phytoplankton. The Gulf of Drini is impacted by the runoff of the Buna-Bojana River that makes this gulf an eutrophic area despite the mostly eastern side of the Adriatic being an oligotrophic basin.
文摘This book is the first collection of works by top art academy illustrator and crossover artist Wang Chen.Living in Croatia,Slovenia,and Hungary,surrounded by the Adriatic Sea,he uses vibrant colors and bold brushstrokes to record his wanderings between mountains and seas,the outskirts of cities,and the passionate cultural atmosphere of Southern Europe,capturing moments like the rain in Zagreb,winter hiking in Rijeka,and the secret wild beaches of Krk Island.Switching casually between roles as an Italian-Chinese translator,drama and film actor,fashion model,and music creator,the author in this book presents an unbroken narrative of illustrations showcasing the exciting moments during rehearsals and tours at Italian theaters,behind-the-scenes at film shoots,and live performances by bands and at fashion shows.
基金supported through project CAAT(Coastal Auto-purification Assessment Technology)funded by the European Union from European Structural and Investment Funds 2014-2020,Contract Number:KK.01.1.1.04.0064the Slovenian Research Agency(research core funding P2-0406 and P2-0180,and projects J2-3055 and J1-3033).
文摘This paper presents a novel approach for predicting the water quality indicator-Secchi disk depth(Z_(SD)).Z_(SD)indirectly reflects water clarity and serves as a proxy for other quality parameters.This study utilizes Deep Neural Network(DNN)trained on satellite remote sensing and measured data from three sources:two datasets obtained from official agencies in Croatia and Slovenia,and one citizen science data source,all covering the northern coastal region of the Adriatic Sea.The proposed model uses 1D Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)in the spectral dimension to predict Z_(SD).The model’s performance indicates a strong fit to the observed data,proving capability of 1D-CNN to capture changes in water transparency.On the test dataset,the model achieved a high R-squared value of 0.890,a low root mean squared error(RMSE)of 0.023 and mean absolute error(MAE)of 0.014.These results demonstrate that employing a 1D-CNN in the spectral dimension of Sentinel-3 OLCI data is an effective approach for predicting water quality.These findings have significant implications for monitoring Z_(SD)in coastal areas.By integrating diverse data sources and leveraging advanced machine learning algorithms,a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of water quality can be achieved.
文摘INTRODUCTION WITH HISTORICAL AND DIPLOMATIC BACKGROUND.Situated at the southern part of the Adriatic coast,Montenegro is a small country in size but is gaining importance in international economic and geopolitical affairs.Over the past decade,it has found itself balancing between the East and the West-aspiring to join the European Union(EU),while staying open to global partnerships,particularly with China.
文摘Although information about embryonic and larval development of garpike,Belone belone(Linnaeus,1761),is present in the published literature,the bulk of research concerns garpike from the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea.The present work describes the embryonic and larval development of garpike,Belone belone,from the Adriatic Sea,and methods used for incubation of fertilized eggs in aquarium conditions.Because garpike is,as suggested by some authors,divided into subspecies,we conclude that some differences in embryonic development could also be expected.In the present study,eggs were fertilized using the dry fertilization method and were incubated in a tank equipped with aeration and constant sea water flow.Salinity and content of dissolved oxygen were constant,and the temperature varied between 19.4 and 22.3°C.Eggs were spherical,measuring 3071.9±75.73μm in diameter.Yolk sacs were homogeneous and did not contain oil globules.The first larvae hatched 329 h and 47 min after fertilization.Absorption of the yolk sac occurred 17 h–48 h after hatching and the total length of newly hatched larvae was 9.78 mm.The peculiarities observed in the embryonic and early larval development are evidence of an exceptional plasticity and adaptive potential,which could be considered as helpful features in extending the natural range of occurrence of this species.
文摘This paper aims at offering an analysis of the attempts of Russian empire before, and the Soviet empire later, until to now, to exert its influence in the Mediterranean area. Drawing also from Russian archival sources, the relations between the Soviet Union and Russia, on one side, and some countries in the Mediterranean or Adriatic areas, like former Yugoslavia or Syria, will be examined. Part of the historiography, firstly Soviet and then Russian, continued to maintain a theory, according to which Stalin’s foreign policy choices were made as a sheer reaction to English and American challenges in the region which goes from the Adriatic to the Persian Gulf. According to others, Stalin’s foreign policy was formed during and immediately after World War II and was dictated by Stalin’s personal ambitions, reinforced by the victory over Nazi Germany. However, the documents consulted until now allow for a new approach and a new evaluation of the events. The picture that emerges from an analysis of the new documentation is more complex than what could have been imagined. The clarification of the objectives and actions to be undertaken in various European countries, where communist regimes were intended to be established, was dictated by pragmatic considerations and by the development of the situation in the various countries under the Soviet influence. In addition, the USSR indirectly aimed at influencing foreign as well as internal policy in countries, such as Italy, which did not belong to the Soviet sphere.
文摘During the last years many authors have char-acterized the produced formation waters (PFWs) with respect to chemical compounds and toxic-ity. Most of data are related to PFWs collected on offshore platform after treatment process. The available results showed that the particulate phase had an influence on PFW toxicity. As-suming the toxicity of PFWs treated on platform, the aim of this paper is to study the toxicity of these PFWs after a further filtration treatment carried out in laboratory. For this purpose PFWs were sampled from three natural gas platforms located in the Adriatic Sea (Italy) below treat-ment system. The eco-toxicological bioassays have been conducted on test-organisms be-longing to different trophic levels such as bac-teria, algae, crustaceans and fishes. The PFWs resulted toxic according to an overall assess-ment obtained through the bioassays. Further-more, it has been possible to identify the spe-cies that were more sensitive to the tested PFWs, namely Tigriopus fulvus, Dicentrarchus labrax and Vibrio fischeri. Besides, a chemical char-acterization was reported related to the con-taminants present in the PFWs to go with eco-toxicological assessment. Barium, zinc and manganese showed the most concentrations among the metals and the lower molecular weight components were common among the organic compounds. Some differences among PFWs were observed both for toxicity and chemical composition. The highest toxicity was recorded in PFWs (PFW1 and PFW2) containing the highest concentrations of some metals (Ba, Mn and Zn) and/or BTEX.
