《公共行政评论》(Journal of Public Administration,JPA)采用严格的匿名评审制度,致力于为国内外所有有志于公共管理研究的人士构建平等的交流平台,营造一个温暖的精神家园。现不拘作者专业、身份与地域,以聚焦公共管理领域为征稿标准...《公共行政评论》(Journal of Public Administration,JPA)采用严格的匿名评审制度,致力于为国内外所有有志于公共管理研究的人士构建平等的交流平台,营造一个温暖的精神家园。现不拘作者专业、身份与地域,以聚焦公共管理领域为征稿标准,以学术品质为用稿标准,向国内外学术界、实务界热忱征集言之有物、论之有据、符合学术规范、遵守学术道德的论文、理论综述、书评、评论和博士学位论文摘要。展开更多
《公共行政评论》(Journal of Public Administration,JPA)采用严格的匿名评审制度,致力于为国内外所有有志于公共管理研究的人士构建平等的交流平台,营造一个温暖的精神家园。现不拘作者专业、身份与地域,以聚焦公共管理领域为征稿标准...《公共行政评论》(Journal of Public Administration,JPA)采用严格的匿名评审制度,致力于为国内外所有有志于公共管理研究的人士构建平等的交流平台,营造一个温暖的精神家园。现不拘作者专业、身份与地域,以聚焦公共管理领域为征稿标准,以学术品质为用稿标准,向国内外学术界、实务界热忱征集言之有物、论之有据、符合学术规范、遵守学术道德的论文、理论综述、书评、评论和博士学位论文摘要。展开更多
《公共行政评论》(Journal of Public Administration, JPA)采用严格的匿名评审制度,致力于为国内外所有有志于公共管理研究的人士构建平等的交流平台,营造一个温暖的精神家园。现不拘作者专业、身份与地域,以聚焦公共管理领域为征稿标...《公共行政评论》(Journal of Public Administration, JPA)采用严格的匿名评审制度,致力于为国内外所有有志于公共管理研究的人士构建平等的交流平台,营造一个温暖的精神家园。现不拘作者专业、身份与地域,以聚焦公共管理领域为征稿标准,以学术品质为用稿标准,向国内外学术界、实务界热忱征集言之有物、论之有据、符合学术规范、遵守学术道德的论文、理论综述、书评、评论和博士学位论文摘要。展开更多
Background:Whether lactated Ringer's solution is clinically superior to normal saline for routine intravenous administration of fluids is uncertain.Methods:In an open-label,two-period,two-sequence,cross-sectional,...Background:Whether lactated Ringer's solution is clinically superior to normal saline for routine intravenous administration of fluids is uncertain.Methods:In an open-label,two-period,two-sequence,cross-sectional,cluster-randomized,crossover trial,we assigned hospitals in Ontario,Canada,to use either lactated Ringer's solution or normal saline hospital-wide for a period of 12 weeks.展开更多
Aims and Scope Asian Journal of Social Pharmacy(AJSP)is peer-reviewed quarterly English journal jointly hosted by Herbal Font Pharmaceutical Limited and Shenyang Pharmaceutical University.AJSP is dedicated to providin...Aims and Scope Asian Journal of Social Pharmacy(AJSP)is peer-reviewed quarterly English journal jointly hosted by Herbal Font Pharmaceutical Limited and Shenyang Pharmaceutical University.AJSP is dedicated to providing researchers,pharmacists,administrators,and educators working within the field of pharmacy worldwide with a platform of communication in the advancement and development in social pharmacy.The journal welcomes original contributions in pharmacy-related research including policies,regulations and laws,administration,monitoring,inspection,surveillance,utilization,formulary analysis,drug manufacturing,drug marketing,drug R&D,pharmacy practice,clinical pharmacy,pharmacoeconomics,and modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.To expedite the dissemination of findings from latest research,the journal receives rapid research report.Rapid research reports can be published within 3 months on submission,which does not preclude publication of full length reports of the research work in other journals.展开更多
State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 273 national standards and 9 national standards with amendment.
In recent years,the operational landscape of companies within the digital economy has experienced significant transformations.Embracing cutting-edge ideologies and digital innovations has not only created diverse aven...In recent years,the operational landscape of companies within the digital economy has experienced significant transformations.Embracing cutting-edge ideologies and digital innovations has not only created diverse avenues for growth but also led to substantial progress in certain areas while phasing out and optimizing several business models.Against this backdrop,employing effective and rational strategies to enhance corporate management standards is crucial.This is particularly important given the imperfections in current management systems,the shortage of specialized talent,and the need for digital capability improvements,all of which are vital for ensuring the long-term stability and success of enterprises.With this in mind,this paper explores corporate administration models and proposes several practical solutions to address challenges faced in business management under the digital economy,aiming to serve as a valuable resource for professionals and decision-makers alike.展开更多
Iron is the most abundant transition metal in the brain and is essential for brain development and neuronal function;however,its abnormal accumulation is also implicated in various neurological disorders.The olfactory...Iron is the most abundant transition metal in the brain and is essential for brain development and neuronal function;however,its abnormal accumulation is also implicated in various neurological disorders.The olfactory bulb(OB),an early target in neurodegenerative diseases,acts as a gateway for environmental toxins and contains diverse neuronal populations with distinct roles.This study explored the cell-specific vulnerability to iron in the OB using a mouse model of intranasal administration of ferric ammonium citrate(FAC).Olfactory function was assessed through olfactory discrimination tests,while iron levels in OB tissues,cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),and serum were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),immunohistochemical staining,and iron assays.Transcriptomic changes and immune responses were assessed using RNA sequencing and immune cell infiltration analysis.Results showed that intranasal FAC administration impaired olfactory function,accompanied by iron deposition in the olfactory mucosa and OB,as well as damage to olfactory sensory neurons.Notably,these effects occurred without elevations in CSF or serum iron levels.OB iron accumulation activated multiple immune cells,including microglia and astrocytes,but did not trigger ferroptosis.Spatial transcriptomic sequencing of healthy adult mouse OBs revealed significant cellular heterogeneity,with an abundance of neuroglia and neurons.Among neurons,GABAergic neurons were the most prevalent,followed by glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurons,while cholinergic and serotonergic neurons were sparsely distributed.Under iron-stressed conditions,oligodendrocytes,dopaminergic neurons,and glutamatergic neurons exhibited significant damage,while GABAergic neurons remained unaffected.These findings highlight the selective vulnerability of neuronal and glial populations to iron-induced stress,offering novel insights into the loss of specific cell types in the OB during iron dysregulation.展开更多
State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 26 mandatory national standards and 1 mandatory national standard with amendment.
State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 416 voluntary national standards and 3 voluntary national standards with amendment.
State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 278 voluntary national standards and 3 voluntary national standards with amendment.
Xizang has been an integral part of Chinese territory since ancient times.During the Qing Dynasty,the central government further strengthened its governance over Xizang,with management measures in local administration...Xizang has been an integral part of Chinese territory since ancient times.During the Qing Dynasty,the central government further strengthened its governance over Xizang,with management measures in local administration,military,religion,economy,and culture gradually being perfected and implemented.展开更多
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)has a poor prognosis if left untreated;therefore,early treatment with pirfenidone is crucial.Lei et al conducted a retrospective analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of early pirfen...Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)has a poor prognosis if left untreated;therefore,early treatment with pirfenidone is crucial.Lei et al conducted a retrospective analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of early pirfenidone treatment on lung function in 113 patients with IPF.In addition to other research,pirfeni-done has demonstrated efficacy in patients at all stages of IPF once correct diagnosis has been made.In advanced IPF,we include the requirement for pirfenidone.Therefore,it is essential to choose an appropriate method of adminis-tration method,such as inhalation.This may circumvent the drawbacks of the high cost and possible adverse effects of this drug.展开更多
As the role of extracellular vesicles(EVs)in stem cell therapy is increasingly recognized,more researchers regard them as a promising new natural delivery system.When exerting therapeutic effects,EVs exhibit several a...As the role of extracellular vesicles(EVs)in stem cell therapy is increasingly recognized,more researchers regard them as a promising new natural delivery system.When exerting therapeutic effects,EVs exhibit several advantages,including low immunogenicity/cytotoxicity,the ability to traverse biological barriers,and high potential for engineering.However,several challenges remain in the clinical application of EVs.Their plasma half-life is relatively short,and they tend to accumulate in parenchymal organs(e.g.,liver and spleen)within a short time.Moreover,their targeting capabilities are neither precise nor highly effective.Additionally,EVs lack controlled and sustained release properties,necessitating the design of effective delivery strategies to ensure that therapeutic concentrations are achieved and maintained at the target site for an adequate duration.This review summarizes the latest drug delivery strategies involving EVs,focusing on systemic and local applications.It introduces various engineering approaches,administration strategies,and auxiliary delivery systems.Finally,the review discusses existing challenges in EV-based drug delivery and provides insights into the trends for future development in this field.展开更多
Though oncolytic viruses(OVs)hold significant potential for comprehensive treatment of malignant tumors,their systemic administration faces substantial challenges such as insufficient circulation time,inadequate tumor...Though oncolytic viruses(OVs)hold significant potential for comprehensive treatment of malignant tumors,their systemic administration faces substantial challenges such as insufficient circulation time,inadequate tumor targeting,and spontaneous antiviral immune response of the body,which seriously limits the clinical application of OVs.Herein,we proposed a tumor targeting strategy of tumor cell membrane biomimetic liposomes to encapsulate OVs for intravenous delivery,which enables OVs to target the homotypic tumor lesions and exert their oncolytic effect.On the one hand,this cell membrane biomimetic carrier enhanced the encapsulation of OVs by the hybrid lipid membranes,concealed the viral capsid proteins,and diminished the neutralization and clearance of the virions from the bloodstream.On the other hand,enhanced tumor targeted delivery can be achieved through the utilization of homologous adhesion molecules on the surface of tumor cell membrane.In addition,this strategy also promoted the tumor infiltration of CD4^(+),CD8^(+)T cells mediated by the oncolytic effect of OVs and increased the levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)in the tumor,thereby effectively enhancing the anti-tumor effect of intravenous administration of OVs.The findings of our study demonstrate that T-L@Ad11 offers a handy and efficient approach for targeting tumors,thereby enhancing the antitumor efficacy of intravenous administration of OVs.展开更多
State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the foreign language version of the following 73 national standards.
文摘《公共行政评论》(Journal of Public Administration,JPA)采用严格的匿名评审制度,致力于为国内外所有有志于公共管理研究的人士构建平等的交流平台,营造一个温暖的精神家园。现不拘作者专业、身份与地域,以聚焦公共管理领域为征稿标准,以学术品质为用稿标准,向国内外学术界、实务界热忱征集言之有物、论之有据、符合学术规范、遵守学术道德的论文、理论综述、书评、评论和博士学位论文摘要。
文摘《公共行政评论》(Journal of Public Administration,JPA)采用严格的匿名评审制度,致力于为国内外所有有志于公共管理研究的人士构建平等的交流平台,营造一个温暖的精神家园。现不拘作者专业、身份与地域,以聚焦公共管理领域为征稿标准,以学术品质为用稿标准,向国内外学术界、实务界热忱征集言之有物、论之有据、符合学术规范、遵守学术道德的论文、理论综述、书评、评论和博士学位论文摘要。
文摘《公共行政评论》(Journal of Public Administration, JPA)采用严格的匿名评审制度,致力于为国内外所有有志于公共管理研究的人士构建平等的交流平台,营造一个温暖的精神家园。现不拘作者专业、身份与地域,以聚焦公共管理领域为征稿标准,以学术品质为用稿标准,向国内外学术界、实务界热忱征集言之有物、论之有据、符合学术规范、遵守学术道德的论文、理论综述、书评、评论和博士学位论文摘要。
文摘Background:Whether lactated Ringer's solution is clinically superior to normal saline for routine intravenous administration of fluids is uncertain.Methods:In an open-label,two-period,two-sequence,cross-sectional,cluster-randomized,crossover trial,we assigned hospitals in Ontario,Canada,to use either lactated Ringer's solution or normal saline hospital-wide for a period of 12 weeks.
文摘Aims and Scope Asian Journal of Social Pharmacy(AJSP)is peer-reviewed quarterly English journal jointly hosted by Herbal Font Pharmaceutical Limited and Shenyang Pharmaceutical University.AJSP is dedicated to providing researchers,pharmacists,administrators,and educators working within the field of pharmacy worldwide with a platform of communication in the advancement and development in social pharmacy.The journal welcomes original contributions in pharmacy-related research including policies,regulations and laws,administration,monitoring,inspection,surveillance,utilization,formulary analysis,drug manufacturing,drug marketing,drug R&D,pharmacy practice,clinical pharmacy,pharmacoeconomics,and modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.To expedite the dissemination of findings from latest research,the journal receives rapid research report.Rapid research reports can be published within 3 months on submission,which does not preclude publication of full length reports of the research work in other journals.
文摘State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 273 national standards and 9 national standards with amendment.
文摘In recent years,the operational landscape of companies within the digital economy has experienced significant transformations.Embracing cutting-edge ideologies and digital innovations has not only created diverse avenues for growth but also led to substantial progress in certain areas while phasing out and optimizing several business models.Against this backdrop,employing effective and rational strategies to enhance corporate management standards is crucial.This is particularly important given the imperfections in current management systems,the shortage of specialized talent,and the need for digital capability improvements,all of which are vital for ensuring the long-term stability and success of enterprises.With this in mind,this paper explores corporate administration models and proposes several practical solutions to address challenges faced in business management under the digital economy,aiming to serve as a valuable resource for professionals and decision-makers alike.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32471188,32170984,82301787)。
文摘Iron is the most abundant transition metal in the brain and is essential for brain development and neuronal function;however,its abnormal accumulation is also implicated in various neurological disorders.The olfactory bulb(OB),an early target in neurodegenerative diseases,acts as a gateway for environmental toxins and contains diverse neuronal populations with distinct roles.This study explored the cell-specific vulnerability to iron in the OB using a mouse model of intranasal administration of ferric ammonium citrate(FAC).Olfactory function was assessed through olfactory discrimination tests,while iron levels in OB tissues,cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),and serum were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),immunohistochemical staining,and iron assays.Transcriptomic changes and immune responses were assessed using RNA sequencing and immune cell infiltration analysis.Results showed that intranasal FAC administration impaired olfactory function,accompanied by iron deposition in the olfactory mucosa and OB,as well as damage to olfactory sensory neurons.Notably,these effects occurred without elevations in CSF or serum iron levels.OB iron accumulation activated multiple immune cells,including microglia and astrocytes,but did not trigger ferroptosis.Spatial transcriptomic sequencing of healthy adult mouse OBs revealed significant cellular heterogeneity,with an abundance of neuroglia and neurons.Among neurons,GABAergic neurons were the most prevalent,followed by glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurons,while cholinergic and serotonergic neurons were sparsely distributed.Under iron-stressed conditions,oligodendrocytes,dopaminergic neurons,and glutamatergic neurons exhibited significant damage,while GABAergic neurons remained unaffected.These findings highlight the selective vulnerability of neuronal and glial populations to iron-induced stress,offering novel insights into the loss of specific cell types in the OB during iron dysregulation.
文摘State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 26 mandatory national standards and 1 mandatory national standard with amendment.
文摘State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 416 voluntary national standards and 3 voluntary national standards with amendment.
文摘State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 278 voluntary national standards and 3 voluntary national standards with amendment.
文摘Xizang has been an integral part of Chinese territory since ancient times.During the Qing Dynasty,the central government further strengthened its governance over Xizang,with management measures in local administration,military,religion,economy,and culture gradually being perfected and implemented.
文摘Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)has a poor prognosis if left untreated;therefore,early treatment with pirfenidone is crucial.Lei et al conducted a retrospective analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of early pirfenidone treatment on lung function in 113 patients with IPF.In addition to other research,pirfeni-done has demonstrated efficacy in patients at all stages of IPF once correct diagnosis has been made.In advanced IPF,we include the requirement for pirfenidone.Therefore,it is essential to choose an appropriate method of adminis-tration method,such as inhalation.This may circumvent the drawbacks of the high cost and possible adverse effects of this drug.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,No.24NSFSC0679State Key Clinical Department of Oral&Maxillofacial Surgery.
文摘As the role of extracellular vesicles(EVs)in stem cell therapy is increasingly recognized,more researchers regard them as a promising new natural delivery system.When exerting therapeutic effects,EVs exhibit several advantages,including low immunogenicity/cytotoxicity,the ability to traverse biological barriers,and high potential for engineering.However,several challenges remain in the clinical application of EVs.Their plasma half-life is relatively short,and they tend to accumulate in parenchymal organs(e.g.,liver and spleen)within a short time.Moreover,their targeting capabilities are neither precise nor highly effective.Additionally,EVs lack controlled and sustained release properties,necessitating the design of effective delivery strategies to ensure that therapeutic concentrations are achieved and maintained at the target site for an adequate duration.This review summarizes the latest drug delivery strategies involving EVs,focusing on systemic and local applications.It introduces various engineering approaches,administration strategies,and auxiliary delivery systems.Finally,the review discusses existing challenges in EV-based drug delivery and provides insights into the trends for future development in this field.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2403401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.82073368,82303766)+2 种基金the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC2007071)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M743908)the Joint Program of Science and Technology Program of Liaoning Province(No.2023JH2/101700094).
文摘Though oncolytic viruses(OVs)hold significant potential for comprehensive treatment of malignant tumors,their systemic administration faces substantial challenges such as insufficient circulation time,inadequate tumor targeting,and spontaneous antiviral immune response of the body,which seriously limits the clinical application of OVs.Herein,we proposed a tumor targeting strategy of tumor cell membrane biomimetic liposomes to encapsulate OVs for intravenous delivery,which enables OVs to target the homotypic tumor lesions and exert their oncolytic effect.On the one hand,this cell membrane biomimetic carrier enhanced the encapsulation of OVs by the hybrid lipid membranes,concealed the viral capsid proteins,and diminished the neutralization and clearance of the virions from the bloodstream.On the other hand,enhanced tumor targeted delivery can be achieved through the utilization of homologous adhesion molecules on the surface of tumor cell membrane.In addition,this strategy also promoted the tumor infiltration of CD4^(+),CD8^(+)T cells mediated by the oncolytic effect of OVs and increased the levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)in the tumor,thereby effectively enhancing the anti-tumor effect of intravenous administration of OVs.The findings of our study demonstrate that T-L@Ad11 offers a handy and efficient approach for targeting tumors,thereby enhancing the antitumor efficacy of intravenous administration of OVs.
文摘State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the foreign language version of the following 73 national standards.
