This study investigates prescribed-time position tracking control for electromagnetic satellite formations subject to model uncertainties and external disturbances.Using the Clohessy-Wiltshire equations as the relativ...This study investigates prescribed-time position tracking control for electromagnetic satellite formations subject to model uncertainties and external disturbances.Using the Clohessy-Wiltshire equations as the relative motion dynamics model,a prescribed time output feedback control strategy is proposed.A prescribed-time extended state observer is designed to estimate the relative velocity and external disturbances.The disturbance estimates are then used as the feedforward component of the controller.Building on this framework,a novel prescribed-time active disturbance rejection control strategy for position tracking is developed via a backstepping control design.The convergence of the extended state observer and the stability of the closed-loop system are rigorously analyzed using Lyapunov stability theory.Numerical simulations are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.展开更多
The soft actuator is characterized by high safety,flexibility,and adaptability.It is capable of both active and passive defor-mations.This paper presents a discrete degree of freedom(DOF)method for soft actuators to r...The soft actuator is characterized by high safety,flexibility,and adaptability.It is capable of both active and passive defor-mations.This paper presents a discrete degree of freedom(DOF)method for soft actuators to reveal DOF characteristics.The method draws on the superposition mechanism of the deformation characteristics of the sarcomere in the skeletal muscles of living organisms.Firstly,the multi-DOF deformation characteristics of the soft actuator are discretized into superimposed combinations of single-DOF micro-units.Then,the soft actuator was determined to contain deformation characteristics such as extension-contraction,bending,and twisting.Eighteen types of micro-units with basic deforma-tion characteristics were obtained depending on the axis and orientation.Further,the mapping relationship between the combination of micro-units and the motion characteristics of the soft actuator based on the GF set theory was established.Finally,an active-passive DOF co-structured soft actuator(APCSA)was developed.The graphical approach analyzes the experimental results,and it can be concluded that active and passive DOFs can coexist in the composite deformation of the soft actuator.展开更多
Objective Stroke is the third leading cause of death worldwide,with the highest incidence in Asia,particularly in China,where smoking remains a major risk factor.The smoking prevalence in China is similar to that in A...Objective Stroke is the third leading cause of death worldwide,with the highest incidence in Asia,particularly in China,where smoking remains a major risk factor.The smoking prevalence in China is similar to that in Asia.Whether the risk estimates for smoking-related stroke in China and all Asian countries are still unknown which is worth evaluating.Thus,this study aims to compare the Relative Risk(RR)of smoking-attributed stroke among the Chinese and Asian populations.Methods A literature search was conducted from the inception to September 10,2022.Studies meeting the criteria were included.The articles were screened,and related information was extracted.Pooled RRs stratified by smoking status and sex were analyzed,including subgroup analyses for China,other Asian countries,and Asia overall.Finally,publication bias and sensitivity analyses were conducted.Results Thirty-seven articles on the Chinese population and 15 on other Asian populations were included,with a mean Newcastle-Ottawa scale(NOS)score of 7.25.About ever smokers,there had no statistical difference existed in both sexes and females between China and other Asian countries,while the RR of males in other Asian countries[2.31(1.38,3.86)]was higher than that in China[1.21(1.15,1.26)];further subgroup analysis indicated that other Asian countries had higher RR[3.76(3.02,4.67)]in the morbidity subgroup.The RRs of both sexes,males and females,between China and the whole of Asia were not statistically different.As for current and former smokers,no meaningful statistical difference was observed in the pooled RRs of both sexes,males and females,in China,other Asian countries,and all of Asia.Conclusion The RR of males ever smokers in China was smaller than that in other Asian countries due to the few articles of morbidity subgroup,but had no statistical difference with the whole of Asia;other groups of ever smokers,current smokers,and former smokers were not statistically significant with other Asian countries or the whole of Asia.展开更多
This study extends the self-propelled particle(SPP)model by incorporating a limited vision cone and local density sensing.The results reveal that clusters can simultaneously exhibit velocity polarization and spatial c...This study extends the self-propelled particle(SPP)model by incorporating a limited vision cone and local density sensing.The results reveal that clusters can simultaneously exhibit velocity polarization and spatial cohesion within specific ranges of vision angle and density threshold.The dependence of the dynamical features,including the order parameter and density variation,on the threshold and visual cone is investigated.Furthermore,a critical threshold is identified,which governs the transition between ordered and disordered states and is closely linked to density fluctuations and noise intensity.The clustering results show that the model is explained by the chasing mechanism responsible for cluster formation,density,and shape.These results may stimulate practical applications in swarm maneuvering.展开更多
The escalating global issues of water scarcity and pollution emphasize the critical need for the rapid development of efficient and eco-friendly water treatment technologies.Photoelectrocatalytic technology has emerge...The escalating global issues of water scarcity and pollution emphasize the critical need for the rapid development of efficient and eco-friendly water treatment technologies.Photoelectrocatalytic technology has emerged as a promising solution for effectively degrading refractory organic pollutants in water under light conditions.This review delves into the advancements made in the field,focusing on strategies to enhance the generation of active species by modulating the micro-interface of the photoanode.Strategies,such as morphological control,element doping,introduction of surface oxygen vacancies,and construction of heterostructures,significantly improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated charges and the generation of active species,thereby boosting the efficiency of photoelectrocatalytic performance.Furthermore,the review explores the potential applications of photoelectrocatalytic technology in organic pollutant degradation in solutions.It also outlines the current challenges and future development directions.Despite its remarkable laboratory success,practical implementation of photoelectrocatalytic technology encounters obstacles related to stability,cost-effectiveness,and operational efficiency.Future investigations need to focus on optimizing the performance of photoelectrocatalytic materials and exploring strategies for upscaling their application in real water treatment scenarios.展开更多
Population aging is one of the common challenges in the current world.As people age,the body’s tissues including cells,and molecules inevitably degrade,and their functions gradually decline,causing various age-relate...Population aging is one of the common challenges in the current world.As people age,the body’s tissues including cells,and molecules inevitably degrade,and their functions gradually decline,causing various age-related diseases like Alzheimer’s disease,osteoporosis,low immunity,glucose and lipid metabolism disorders,and cardiovascular diseases.With the continuous increase of the elderly population,the pressure on the medical industry is increasing.To lower the burden on the medical industry and increase the average age of the elderly,it is vital to explore effective anti-aging materials.Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma(Renshen),as a traditional and precious Chinese medicinal herb,is known as the“king of all herbs”.It is famous for its effects of“tonifying Qi,restoring pulse”(helping with the generation of Qi(the fundamental,vital energy that continuously flows within the body)and the circulation of blood)and strengthening the body,nourishing the spleen and lungs,generating fluids and nourishing blood,calming the mind and improving intelligence.Recently,its anti-aging effect has received increasing attention from modern scientific research.This study summarizes the pharmacological effects of the main active ingredients of Renshen(ginsenosides,polysaccharides,etc.)on resisting aging,including preventing neuroaging,suppressing skin aging,mitigating ovarian aging,inhibiting osteoporosis and arthritis,enhancing the immune system of the elderly,protecting the cardiovascular system,resisting aging-induced fatigue and exerting the anti-tumor effects.Through network pharmacology and molecular docking,the anti-aging active ingredients of Renshen were screened,and the key targets and pathways of anti-aging active ingredients in Renshen were determined.Using network pharmacology,totally 106 drug targets and 3,479 disease targets were screened,and 79 common targets between aging and Renshen were identified.Three core targets were identified in the PPI network,including TNF,AKT1,and IL-1β.Molecular docking was used to obtain further verification.This study emphasizes the potential of Renshen as a source of anti-aging activity,which can be developed into a novel drug for the treatment of age-related diseases.展开更多
In this study,the mechanism and characteristics of the responseαparticles and the damage caused by them in CMOS active pixel(APS)sensors were investigated.A detection and compensation algorithm for dead pixels caused...In this study,the mechanism and characteristics of the responseαparticles and the damage caused by them in CMOS active pixel(APS)sensors were investigated.A detection and compensation algorithm for dead pixels caused byαparticle ionizing radiation was proposed,and the effects of dead-pixel compensation algorithms were compared and analyzed under different parameter conditions.The experimental results show thatαparticle response signal has highest accuracy at 9 dB gain,with an obvious“target-ring”distribution.With increasing cumulative dose,the CMOS APS pedestal tends to saturation while dead pixels continue increasing.Though some pixel damage recovers through natural annealing,the dead-to-noise ratio increases with irradiation time,reaching 32.54%after 72 h.A hierarchical clustering dead-pixel detection method is proposed,categorizing pixels into two types:those within and outside the response event.A classification compensation strategy combining mean and majority filtering is proposed.This compensation algorithm can address dead-pixel interference without affectingαparticle radiation response data.When iterated multiple times and with integration time exceeding 6.31 ms,the number of dead pixels can be effectively reduced.展开更多
Background:Prostate cancer is a common malignancy,with many men on active surveillance for localized,low-risk disease also experiencing lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)from benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Water Va...Background:Prostate cancer is a common malignancy,with many men on active surveillance for localized,low-risk disease also experiencing lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)from benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Water Vapor Thermal Therapy(WVTT)is a minimally invasive BPH treatment,but its safety and efficacy in this setting are unclear.Case Description:We report three men with localized PCa on active surveillance who underwent WVTT for LUTS.Conclusions:WVTT appears safe and potentially effective in treating LUTS,especially in those with lower-risk disease and smaller prostate volumes.Further research is needed to confirm safety,efficacy,and optimal patient selection.展开更多
Under the condition of frequent replacement of wind tunnel models,multiple types of wind tunnel models are fixed by a slender support sting with low stiffness damping.When excited by wind load,various models produce r...Under the condition of frequent replacement of wind tunnel models,multiple types of wind tunnel models are fixed by a slender support sting with low stiffness damping.When excited by wind load,various models produce random multi-dimensional vibration with different characteristics,which makes it impossible to obtain accurate and efficient aerodynamic data.Therefore,in order to ensure the reliable and efficient conduction of wind tunnel test,a wind-tunnel-modeladaptive vibration control method is proposed in this paper.First,the split type adaptive vibration suppression structure is designed.Second,the multi-dimensional vibration characteristic characterization method is derived and the vibration characteristic identification method of the system is designed.Then,a vibration state estimation model is established according to the identification results of vibration characteristics,and a multi-actuator cooperative control method based on vibration state estimation is constructed.Finally,a model-adaptive vibration control system is built,and vibration characteristics identification and hammer experiments are carried out for two types of typical models.The results show that the proposed model-adaptive vibration control method increases the equivalent damping ratio of pitch and yaw dimensions of the high-aspect-ratio class model by 8.19 times and 48.81 times,respectively.The equivalent damping ratio of pitch and yaw dimensions of the highslenderness-ratio class model is increased by 16.44 and 5.43 times,respectively.It provides a strong guarantee for the reliable and efficient development of multi-type wind tunnel test tasks.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Hemiplegia,a prevalent stroke-related condition,is often studied for motor dysfunction;however,spasticity remains under-researched.Abnormal muscle tone significantly hinders hemiplegic patients’walking rec...BACKGROUND:Hemiplegia,a prevalent stroke-related condition,is often studied for motor dysfunction;however,spasticity remains under-researched.Abnormal muscle tone significantly hinders hemiplegic patients’walking recovery.OBJECTIVE:To determine whether early suspension-protected training with a personal assistant machine for stroke patients enhances walking ability and prevents muscle spasms.METHODS:Thirty-two early-stage stroke patients from Shenzhen University General Hospital and the China Rehabilitation Research Center were randomly assigned to the experimental group(n=16)and the control group(n=16).Both groups underwent 4 weeks of gait training under the suspension protection system for 30 minutes daily,5 days a week.The experimental group used the personal assistant machine during training.Three-dimensional gait analysis(using the Cortex motion capture system),Brunnstrom staging,Fugl-Meyer Assessment for lower limb motor function,Fugl-Meyer balance function,and the modified Ashworth Scale were evaluated within 1 week before the intervention and after 4 weeks of intervention.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After the 4-week intervention,all outcome measures showed significant changes in each group.The experimental group had a small but significant increase in the modified Ashworth Scale score(P<0.05,d=|0.15|),while the control group had a large significant increase(P<0.05,d=|1.48|).The experimental group demonstrated greater improvements in walking speed(16.5 to 38.44 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|4.01|),step frequency(46.44 to 64.94 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|2.32|),stride length(15.50 to 29.81 cm,P<0.05,d=|3.44|),and peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.82|to|2.17|).After treatment,the experimental group showed significantly greater improvements than the control group in walking speed(38.44 vs.26.63 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|2.75|),stride length,peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.31|to|1.45|),step frequency(64.94 vs.59.38 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|0.85|),and a reduced support phase(bilateral:24.31%vs.28.38%,P<0.05,d=|0.88|;non-paretic:66.19%vs.70.13%,P<0.05,d=|0.94|).For early hemiplegia,personal assistant machine-assisted gait training under the suspension protection system helps establish a correct gait pattern,prevents muscle spasms,and improves motor function.展开更多
Thermal storage electric heating(TSEH),as a prevalent variable load resource,offers significant potential for enhancing system flexibility when aggregated into a cluster.To address the uncertainties of renewable energ...Thermal storage electric heating(TSEH),as a prevalent variable load resource,offers significant potential for enhancing system flexibility when aggregated into a cluster.To address the uncertainties of renewable energy and load forecasting in active distribution networks(ADN),this paper proposes a multi-timescale coordinated optimal dispatch strategy that incorporates TSEH clusters.It utilizes the thermal storage characteristics and short-term regulation capabilities of TSEH,along with the rapid and gradual response characteristics of resources in active distribution grids,to develop a coordinated optimization dispatch mechanism for day-ahead,intraday,and real-time stages.It provides a coordinated optimized dispatch technique across several timescales for active distribution grids,taking into account the integration of TSEH clusters.The proposed method is validated on a modified IEEE 33-node system.Simulation results demonstrate that the participation of TSEH in collaborative optimization significantly reduces the total system operating cost by 8.71%compared to the scenario without TSEH.This cost reduction is attributed to a 10.84%decrease in interaction costs with the main grid and a 47.41%reduction in network loss costs,validating effective peak shaving and valley filling.The multi-timescale framework further enhances economic efficiency,with overall operating costs progressively decreasing by 3.91%(intraday)and 4.59%(real-time),and interaction costs further reduced by 5.34%and 9.25%,respectively.Moreover,the approach enhances system stability by effectively suppressing node voltage fluctuations and ensuring all voltages remain within safe operating limits during real-time operation.Therefore,the proposed approach achieves rational coordination of diverse resources,significantly improving the economic efficiency and stability of ADNs.展开更多
The integration of the intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer(SWIPT)has emerged as a cost-effective and efficient solution to enhance the performance of informatio...The integration of the intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer(SWIPT)has emerged as a cost-effective and efficient solution to enhance the performance of information and energy transfer.In this research,a hybrid active/passive IRS-assisted SWIPT system is proposed.Specifically,an active IRS(AIRS)and a passive IRS(PIRS)are deployed in the SWIPT system to facilitate a multiantenna base station(BS)in simultaneously delivering information and energy to multiple information users(IUs)and energy users(EUs).The objective is to maximize the sum throughput by jointly optimizing the transmitter beamforming and the reflection coefficient matrices of the AIRS and the PIRS while satisfying the transmitter power constraints,the energy harvesting(EH)requirements of EUs,and the AIRS amplification power limitations.However,the optimization variables are highly coupled and cannot be solved directly.To tackle this complex problem,we propose an efficient algorithm based on alternating optimization(AO)and semi-definite relaxation(SDR)techniques to obtain high-quality solutions.Simulation results demonstrate that the hybrid active/passive IRSassisted SWIPT system significantly enhances throughput performance and outperforms benchmark systems.展开更多
我国地域辽阔,自然灾害频发,现有的灾后临时避难建筑虽然能够满足灾后快速安置灾民的需求,但普遍居住效果差,不利于人们身心健康,同时也对环境造成了严重影响。因此,发展具备良好性能的灾后临时避难建筑对于我国防范和应对重大自然灾害...我国地域辽阔,自然灾害频发,现有的灾后临时避难建筑虽然能够满足灾后快速安置灾民的需求,但普遍居住效果差,不利于人们身心健康,同时也对环境造成了严重影响。因此,发展具备良好性能的灾后临时避难建筑对于我国防范和应对重大自然灾害、确保灾后人民安置具有重要意义。基于绿色可持续的视角,在灾后临时避难建筑设计中引入主动式建筑理念,并以2023年Active House Award获奖作品为例,提出了涵盖生态保护、人文关怀和经济循环的三位一体多目标设计策略,为灾后临时避难建筑的设计与发展提出了更多可能性,也为决策者在灾后恢复重建工作提供了参考和借鉴。展开更多
Background:Since 2005,the Myanmar National Tuberculosis Programme(NTP)has been implementing active case finding(ACF)activities involving mobile teams in hard-to-reach areas.This study revealed the contribution of mobi...Background:Since 2005,the Myanmar National Tuberculosis Programme(NTP)has been implementing active case finding(ACF)activities involving mobile teams in hard-to-reach areas.This study revealed the contribution of mobile team activities to total tuberculosis(TB)case detection,characteristics of TB patients detected by mobile teams and their treatment outcomes.Methods:This was a descriptive study using routine programme data between October 2014 and December 2014.Mobile team activities were a one-stop service and included portable digital chest radiography(CXR)and microscopy of two sputum samples.The algorithm of the case detection included screening patients by symptoms,then by CXR followed by sputum microscopy for confirmation.Diagnosed patients were started on treatment and followed until a final outcome was ascertained.Results:A total of 9349 people with symptoms suggestive of TB were screened by CXR,with an uptake of 96.6%.Of those who were meant to undergo sputum smear microscopy,51.4%had sputum examinations.Finally,504 TB patients were identified by the mobile teams and the overall contribution to total TB case detection in the respective townships was 25.3%.Among total cases examined by microscopy,6.4%were sputum smear positive TB.Treatment success rate was high as 91.8%in study townships compared to national rate 85%(2014 cohort).Conclusions:This study confirmed the feasibility and acceptability of ACF by mobile teams in hard-to-reach contexts,especially when equipped with portable,digital CXR machines that provided immediate results.However,the follow-up process of sputum examination created a significant barrier to confirmation of the diagnosis.In order to optimize the ACF through mobile team activity,future ACF activities were needed to be strengthened one stop service including molecular diagnostics or provision of sputum cups to all presumptive TB cases prior to CXR and testing if CXR suggestive of TB.展开更多
Pump valve pipeline vibration brings serious safety hazards to the operation of the equipment,for the pump valve system in the process of variable flow,variable speed,variable openings lead to excessive pipeline vibra...Pump valve pipeline vibration brings serious safety hazards to the operation of the equipment,for the pump valve system in the process of variable flow,variable speed,variable openings lead to excessive pipeline vibration.An active damping device(ADD)is used to the vibration of the pump valve pipeline system to apply the control force,to achieve the active control of the pipeline vibration.A pump-valve pipeline vibration test bench was built to compare the control effect of active damping device on pipeline vibration under different pump valve working conditions,and the results show that applying ADD control could effectively suppress the vibration of the pump valve pipeline and enhance the stability of the equipment during operation.At different pump operating rotation frequencies,the vibration amplitude of the pump valve pipeline in working frequency and its multiple frequencies are also effectively suppressed,with the maximum amplitude reduction of more than 60%.For the valve vibration caused by different operating openings,the vibration of the highest reduction of 68%,and the centrifugal pump drive shaft vi-bration reduced by up to 73%,which provides a new idea for vibration control of pump valve pipeline system.展开更多
Corrosion activities and related accidents are significant issues for marine facilities,leading to considerable economic losses.Waterborne epoxy(EP)coating has been seen as one of the optimal options for corrosion pro...Corrosion activities and related accidents are significant issues for marine facilities,leading to considerable economic losses.Waterborne epoxy(EP)coating has been seen as one of the optimal options for corrosion protection due to its stable properties and eco-friendliness(0 g/L volatile organic compounds).Nevertheless,several intrinsic deficiencies require improvement,such as fragile mechanical properties and defects(macro and micro),resulting in the continuous deterioration of comprehensive coating performances.In this work,a novel nanocomposite coating with mechanical enhancement,intelligent self-reporting,and active protection is fabricated by integrating the functionalized and compatible graphene oxide/cerium based metal-organic framework multiscale structure(GO-CeMOF-P/M).Notably,the homogenous dispersion of GO-CeMOF-P/M and its chemical interaction with the polymer matrix effectively reduces the defects resulting from solution volatilizing and enhances the compactness,which boosts the tensile strength(32.1 MPa/8.5%)and dry adhesion force(5.8 MPa)of the coating.Additionally,the controllable responsiveness and release of multiscale nanocomposite within external environments endow intelligent active protection and self-reporting characteristics for the GO-CeMOF-P/M-EP coating,making it especially suitable for a variety of practical marine applications.Furthermore,following immersion of 80 d in the aggressive environment,Zf=0.01 Hz value of GO-CeMOF-P/M-EP coating is 1.2×10^(10)Ωcm^(2),which is 164.4 times larger than that of EP coating(7.3×10^(7)Ωcm^(2)),demonstrating remarkably strengthened anti-corrosion ability.Consequently,by offering an intriguing design strategy,the current work anticipates addressing the inherent deficiencies of EP coating and facilitating its practicality and feasibility in real sea environments.展开更多
Precipitation is often used for the preparation of La(OH)_(3)with precipitants of liquid alkali and ammonia.To solve the problems of high cost and wastewater pollution caused by common precipitants,the active MgO synt...Precipitation is often used for the preparation of La(OH)_(3)with precipitants of liquid alkali and ammonia.To solve the problems of high cost and wastewater pollution caused by common precipitants,the active MgO synthesized by pyrolysis was used as the precipitant to prepare La(OH)_(3).The species distribution of LaCl_(3)and LaCl_(3)-MgCl_(2)mixed system solution was calculated,and the kinetic analysis of the precipi-tation process was carried out to confirm the key factors influencing the precipitation of La(OH)_(3).The results show that La(OH)_(3)with D_(50)of 5.57μm,a specific surface area of 25.70 m^(2)/g,a rod-like shape,and MgO content of 0.044 wt%,was successfully prepared by adding active MgO.The precipitation ratio of La reaches 99.92%.The La(OH)_(3)precipitation is controlled by the diffusion process.The activity of MgO has a significant influence on MgO content in the precipitate.The preparation of La(OH)_(3)by active MgO provides a potential way for an eco-friendly preparation method of rare earth.展开更多
In clinical practice,antibiotics have historically been utilized for the treatment of pathogenic bacteria.However,the gradual emergence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial strains has posed a significant challeng...In clinical practice,antibiotics have historically been utilized for the treatment of pathogenic bacteria.However,the gradual emergence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial strains has posed a significant challenge to this approach.In 2022,Escherichia coli,a Gram-negative bacterium renowned for its widespread pathogenicity and high virulence,emerged as the predominant pathogenic bacterium in China.The rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant E.coli strains has rendered antibiotics insufficient to fight E.coli infections.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has made remarkable contributions to the health of Chinese people for thousands of years,and its significant therapeutic effects have been proven in clinical practice.In this paper,we provide a comprehensive review of the advances and mechanisms of TCM and its active ingredients against antibiotic-resistant E.coli infections.First of all,this review introduces the classification,antibiotic resistance characteristics and mechanisms of E.coli.Then,the TCM formulas and extracts are listed along with their active ingredients against E.coli,including extraction solution,minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC),and the antibacterial mechanisms.In addition,there is growing evidence supporting the synergistic therapeutic strategy of combining TCM with antibiotics for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant E.coli infections,and we provide a summary of this evidence and its underlying mechanisms.In conclusion,we present a comprehensive review of TCM and highlight its potential and advantages in the prevention and treatment of E.coli infections.We hold the opinion that TCM will play an important role in global health,pharmaceutical development,and livestock farming in the future.展开更多
Gallium nitride(GaN)single crystal with prominent electron mobility and heat resistance have great potential in the high temperature integrate electric power systems.However,the sluggish charge storage kinetics and in...Gallium nitride(GaN)single crystal with prominent electron mobility and heat resistance have great potential in the high temperature integrate electric power systems.However,the sluggish charge storage kinetics and inadequate energy densities are bottlenecks to its practical application.Herein,the self-supported GaN/Mn_(3)O_(4) integrated electrode is developed for both energy harvesting and storage under the high temperature environment.The experimental and theoretical calculations results reveal that such integrated structures with Mn-N heterointerface bring abundant active sites and reconstruct low-energy barrier channels for efficient charge transferring,reasonably optimizing the ions adsorption ability and strengthening the structural stability.Consequently,the assembled GaN based supercapacitors deliver the power density of 34.0 mW cm^(-2) with capacitance retention of 81.3%after 10000 cycles at 130℃.This work innovatively correlates the centimeter scale GaN single crystal with ideal theoretical capacity Mn_(3)O_(4) and provides an effective avenue for the follow-up energy storage applications of the wide bandgap semiconductor.展开更多
The output feedback active disturbance rejection control of a valve-controlled cylinder electro-hydraulic servo system is investigated in this paper.First,a comprehensive nonlinear mathematical model that encompasses ...The output feedback active disturbance rejection control of a valve-controlled cylinder electro-hydraulic servo system is investigated in this paper.First,a comprehensive nonlinear mathematical model that encompasses both matched and mismatched disturbances is formulated.Due to the fact that only position information can be measured,a linear Extended State Observer(ESO)is introduced to estimate unknown states and matched disturbances,while a dedicated disturbance observer is constructed to estimate mismatched disturbances.Different from the traditional observer results,the design of the disturbance observer used in this study is carried out under the constraint of output feedback.Furthermore,an output feedback nonlinear controller is proposed leveraging the aforementioned observers to achieve accurate trajectory tracking.To mitigate the inherent differential explosion problem of the traditional backstepping framework,a finite-time stable command filter is incorporated.Simultaneously,considering transient filtering errors,a set of error compensation signals are designed to counter their negative impact effectively.Theoretical analysis affirms that the proposed control strategy ensures the boundedness of all signals within the closed-loop system.Additionally,under the specific condition of only time-invariant disturbances in the system,the conclusion of asymptotic stability is established.Finally,the algorithm’s efficacy is validated through comparative experiments.展开更多
文摘This study investigates prescribed-time position tracking control for electromagnetic satellite formations subject to model uncertainties and external disturbances.Using the Clohessy-Wiltshire equations as the relative motion dynamics model,a prescribed time output feedback control strategy is proposed.A prescribed-time extended state observer is designed to estimate the relative velocity and external disturbances.The disturbance estimates are then used as the feedforward component of the controller.Building on this framework,a novel prescribed-time active disturbance rejection control strategy for position tracking is developed via a backstepping control design.The convergence of the extended state observer and the stability of the closed-loop system are rigorously analyzed using Lyapunov stability theory.Numerical simulations are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
基金The Central Government Guides Local Foundation for Science and Technology Development(Grant No.YDZJSX2024B004).
文摘The soft actuator is characterized by high safety,flexibility,and adaptability.It is capable of both active and passive defor-mations.This paper presents a discrete degree of freedom(DOF)method for soft actuators to reveal DOF characteristics.The method draws on the superposition mechanism of the deformation characteristics of the sarcomere in the skeletal muscles of living organisms.Firstly,the multi-DOF deformation characteristics of the soft actuator are discretized into superimposed combinations of single-DOF micro-units.Then,the soft actuator was determined to contain deformation characteristics such as extension-contraction,bending,and twisting.Eighteen types of micro-units with basic deforma-tion characteristics were obtained depending on the axis and orientation.Further,the mapping relationship between the combination of micro-units and the motion characteristics of the soft actuator based on the GF set theory was established.Finally,an active-passive DOF co-structured soft actuator(APCSA)was developed.The graphical approach analyzes the experimental results,and it can be concluded that active and passive DOFs can coexist in the composite deformation of the soft actuator.
基金funded by the State Key Laboratory Special Fund(2060204)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2023-I2M-2-001)Strengthen Capacity of Study and Application on the Burden of Disease in Health Care Systems in China:Establishment and Development of Chinese Burden of Disease Research and Dissemination Center(15-208)supported by the China Medical Board(CMB)。
文摘Objective Stroke is the third leading cause of death worldwide,with the highest incidence in Asia,particularly in China,where smoking remains a major risk factor.The smoking prevalence in China is similar to that in Asia.Whether the risk estimates for smoking-related stroke in China and all Asian countries are still unknown which is worth evaluating.Thus,this study aims to compare the Relative Risk(RR)of smoking-attributed stroke among the Chinese and Asian populations.Methods A literature search was conducted from the inception to September 10,2022.Studies meeting the criteria were included.The articles were screened,and related information was extracted.Pooled RRs stratified by smoking status and sex were analyzed,including subgroup analyses for China,other Asian countries,and Asia overall.Finally,publication bias and sensitivity analyses were conducted.Results Thirty-seven articles on the Chinese population and 15 on other Asian populations were included,with a mean Newcastle-Ottawa scale(NOS)score of 7.25.About ever smokers,there had no statistical difference existed in both sexes and females between China and other Asian countries,while the RR of males in other Asian countries[2.31(1.38,3.86)]was higher than that in China[1.21(1.15,1.26)];further subgroup analysis indicated that other Asian countries had higher RR[3.76(3.02,4.67)]in the morbidity subgroup.The RRs of both sexes,males and females,between China and the whole of Asia were not statistically different.As for current and former smokers,no meaningful statistical difference was observed in the pooled RRs of both sexes,males and females,in China,other Asian countries,and all of Asia.Conclusion The RR of males ever smokers in China was smaller than that in other Asian countries due to the few articles of morbidity subgroup,but had no statistical difference with the whole of Asia;other groups of ever smokers,current smokers,and former smokers were not statistically significant with other Asian countries or the whole of Asia.
基金Project supported by the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.KYCX240139)funded by the Youth Independent Innovation Fund of PLA Army Engineering University(Grant No.KYJBJKQTZQ23006)。
文摘This study extends the self-propelled particle(SPP)model by incorporating a limited vision cone and local density sensing.The results reveal that clusters can simultaneously exhibit velocity polarization and spatial cohesion within specific ranges of vision angle and density threshold.The dependence of the dynamical features,including the order parameter and density variation,on the threshold and visual cone is investigated.Furthermore,a critical threshold is identified,which governs the transition between ordered and disordered states and is closely linked to density fluctuations and noise intensity.The clustering results show that the model is explained by the chasing mechanism responsible for cluster formation,density,and shape.These results may stimulate practical applications in swarm maneuvering.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52100076)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2023MS064)。
文摘The escalating global issues of water scarcity and pollution emphasize the critical need for the rapid development of efficient and eco-friendly water treatment technologies.Photoelectrocatalytic technology has emerged as a promising solution for effectively degrading refractory organic pollutants in water under light conditions.This review delves into the advancements made in the field,focusing on strategies to enhance the generation of active species by modulating the micro-interface of the photoanode.Strategies,such as morphological control,element doping,introduction of surface oxygen vacancies,and construction of heterostructures,significantly improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated charges and the generation of active species,thereby boosting the efficiency of photoelectrocatalytic performance.Furthermore,the review explores the potential applications of photoelectrocatalytic technology in organic pollutant degradation in solutions.It also outlines the current challenges and future development directions.Despite its remarkable laboratory success,practical implementation of photoelectrocatalytic technology encounters obstacles related to stability,cost-effectiveness,and operational efficiency.Future investigations need to focus on optimizing the performance of photoelectrocatalytic materials and exploring strategies for upscaling their application in real water treatment scenarios.
基金supported by the Jilin Science and Technology Development Talent Special Project,Nos.20240601086RC,23JQ08(all to ZH)YDZJ202502CXJD077+1 种基金JLARS-2025-0802-09YDZJ202501ZYTS706.
文摘Population aging is one of the common challenges in the current world.As people age,the body’s tissues including cells,and molecules inevitably degrade,and their functions gradually decline,causing various age-related diseases like Alzheimer’s disease,osteoporosis,low immunity,glucose and lipid metabolism disorders,and cardiovascular diseases.With the continuous increase of the elderly population,the pressure on the medical industry is increasing.To lower the burden on the medical industry and increase the average age of the elderly,it is vital to explore effective anti-aging materials.Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma(Renshen),as a traditional and precious Chinese medicinal herb,is known as the“king of all herbs”.It is famous for its effects of“tonifying Qi,restoring pulse”(helping with the generation of Qi(the fundamental,vital energy that continuously flows within the body)and the circulation of blood)and strengthening the body,nourishing the spleen and lungs,generating fluids and nourishing blood,calming the mind and improving intelligence.Recently,its anti-aging effect has received increasing attention from modern scientific research.This study summarizes the pharmacological effects of the main active ingredients of Renshen(ginsenosides,polysaccharides,etc.)on resisting aging,including preventing neuroaging,suppressing skin aging,mitigating ovarian aging,inhibiting osteoporosis and arthritis,enhancing the immune system of the elderly,protecting the cardiovascular system,resisting aging-induced fatigue and exerting the anti-tumor effects.Through network pharmacology and molecular docking,the anti-aging active ingredients of Renshen were screened,and the key targets and pathways of anti-aging active ingredients in Renshen were determined.Using network pharmacology,totally 106 drug targets and 3,479 disease targets were screened,and 79 common targets between aging and Renshen were identified.Three core targets were identified in the PPI network,including TNF,AKT1,and IL-1β.Molecular docking was used to obtain further verification.This study emphasizes the potential of Renshen as a source of anti-aging activity,which can be developed into a novel drug for the treatment of age-related diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11905102)Hunan Provincial Postgraduate Research and Innovation Project(No.QL20230234)。
文摘In this study,the mechanism and characteristics of the responseαparticles and the damage caused by them in CMOS active pixel(APS)sensors were investigated.A detection and compensation algorithm for dead pixels caused byαparticle ionizing radiation was proposed,and the effects of dead-pixel compensation algorithms were compared and analyzed under different parameter conditions.The experimental results show thatαparticle response signal has highest accuracy at 9 dB gain,with an obvious“target-ring”distribution.With increasing cumulative dose,the CMOS APS pedestal tends to saturation while dead pixels continue increasing.Though some pixel damage recovers through natural annealing,the dead-to-noise ratio increases with irradiation time,reaching 32.54%after 72 h.A hierarchical clustering dead-pixel detection method is proposed,categorizing pixels into two types:those within and outside the response event.A classification compensation strategy combining mean and majority filtering is proposed.This compensation algorithm can address dead-pixel interference without affectingαparticle radiation response data.When iterated multiple times and with integration time exceeding 6.31 ms,the number of dead pixels can be effectively reduced.
文摘Background:Prostate cancer is a common malignancy,with many men on active surveillance for localized,low-risk disease also experiencing lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)from benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Water Vapor Thermal Therapy(WVTT)is a minimally invasive BPH treatment,but its safety and efficacy in this setting are unclear.Case Description:We report three men with localized PCa on active surveillance who underwent WVTT for LUTS.Conclusions:WVTT appears safe and potentially effective in treating LUTS,especially in those with lower-risk disease and smaller prostate volumes.Further research is needed to confirm safety,efficacy,and optimal patient selection.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52475550,52305095)in part by the Key R&D Project of Liaoning Province,China(No.2023JH2/101800026)。
文摘Under the condition of frequent replacement of wind tunnel models,multiple types of wind tunnel models are fixed by a slender support sting with low stiffness damping.When excited by wind load,various models produce random multi-dimensional vibration with different characteristics,which makes it impossible to obtain accurate and efficient aerodynamic data.Therefore,in order to ensure the reliable and efficient conduction of wind tunnel test,a wind-tunnel-modeladaptive vibration control method is proposed in this paper.First,the split type adaptive vibration suppression structure is designed.Second,the multi-dimensional vibration characteristic characterization method is derived and the vibration characteristic identification method of the system is designed.Then,a vibration state estimation model is established according to the identification results of vibration characteristics,and a multi-actuator cooperative control method based on vibration state estimation is constructed.Finally,a model-adaptive vibration control system is built,and vibration characteristics identification and hammer experiments are carried out for two types of typical models.The results show that the proposed model-adaptive vibration control method increases the equivalent damping ratio of pitch and yaw dimensions of the high-aspect-ratio class model by 8.19 times and 48.81 times,respectively.The equivalent damping ratio of pitch and yaw dimensions of the highslenderness-ratio class model is increased by 16.44 and 5.43 times,respectively.It provides a strong guarantee for the reliable and efficient development of multi-type wind tunnel test tasks.
文摘BACKGROUND:Hemiplegia,a prevalent stroke-related condition,is often studied for motor dysfunction;however,spasticity remains under-researched.Abnormal muscle tone significantly hinders hemiplegic patients’walking recovery.OBJECTIVE:To determine whether early suspension-protected training with a personal assistant machine for stroke patients enhances walking ability and prevents muscle spasms.METHODS:Thirty-two early-stage stroke patients from Shenzhen University General Hospital and the China Rehabilitation Research Center were randomly assigned to the experimental group(n=16)and the control group(n=16).Both groups underwent 4 weeks of gait training under the suspension protection system for 30 minutes daily,5 days a week.The experimental group used the personal assistant machine during training.Three-dimensional gait analysis(using the Cortex motion capture system),Brunnstrom staging,Fugl-Meyer Assessment for lower limb motor function,Fugl-Meyer balance function,and the modified Ashworth Scale were evaluated within 1 week before the intervention and after 4 weeks of intervention.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After the 4-week intervention,all outcome measures showed significant changes in each group.The experimental group had a small but significant increase in the modified Ashworth Scale score(P<0.05,d=|0.15|),while the control group had a large significant increase(P<0.05,d=|1.48|).The experimental group demonstrated greater improvements in walking speed(16.5 to 38.44 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|4.01|),step frequency(46.44 to 64.94 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|2.32|),stride length(15.50 to 29.81 cm,P<0.05,d=|3.44|),and peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.82|to|2.17|).After treatment,the experimental group showed significantly greater improvements than the control group in walking speed(38.44 vs.26.63 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|2.75|),stride length,peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.31|to|1.45|),step frequency(64.94 vs.59.38 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|0.85|),and a reduced support phase(bilateral:24.31%vs.28.38%,P<0.05,d=|0.88|;non-paretic:66.19%vs.70.13%,P<0.05,d=|0.94|).For early hemiplegia,personal assistant machine-assisted gait training under the suspension protection system helps establish a correct gait pattern,prevents muscle spasms,and improves motor function.
基金supported by Integrated Distribution Network Planning and Operational Enhancement Using Flexibility Domains Under Deep Human-Vehicle-Charger-Road-Grid Coupling(U22B20105).
文摘Thermal storage electric heating(TSEH),as a prevalent variable load resource,offers significant potential for enhancing system flexibility when aggregated into a cluster.To address the uncertainties of renewable energy and load forecasting in active distribution networks(ADN),this paper proposes a multi-timescale coordinated optimal dispatch strategy that incorporates TSEH clusters.It utilizes the thermal storage characteristics and short-term regulation capabilities of TSEH,along with the rapid and gradual response characteristics of resources in active distribution grids,to develop a coordinated optimization dispatch mechanism for day-ahead,intraday,and real-time stages.It provides a coordinated optimized dispatch technique across several timescales for active distribution grids,taking into account the integration of TSEH clusters.The proposed method is validated on a modified IEEE 33-node system.Simulation results demonstrate that the participation of TSEH in collaborative optimization significantly reduces the total system operating cost by 8.71%compared to the scenario without TSEH.This cost reduction is attributed to a 10.84%decrease in interaction costs with the main grid and a 47.41%reduction in network loss costs,validating effective peak shaving and valley filling.The multi-timescale framework further enhances economic efficiency,with overall operating costs progressively decreasing by 3.91%(intraday)and 4.59%(real-time),and interaction costs further reduced by 5.34%and 9.25%,respectively.Moreover,the approach enhances system stability by effectively suppressing node voltage fluctuations and ensuring all voltages remain within safe operating limits during real-time operation.Therefore,the proposed approach achieves rational coordination of diverse resources,significantly improving the economic efficiency and stability of ADNs.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62301141)。
文摘The integration of the intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer(SWIPT)has emerged as a cost-effective and efficient solution to enhance the performance of information and energy transfer.In this research,a hybrid active/passive IRS-assisted SWIPT system is proposed.Specifically,an active IRS(AIRS)and a passive IRS(PIRS)are deployed in the SWIPT system to facilitate a multiantenna base station(BS)in simultaneously delivering information and energy to multiple information users(IUs)and energy users(EUs).The objective is to maximize the sum throughput by jointly optimizing the transmitter beamforming and the reflection coefficient matrices of the AIRS and the PIRS while satisfying the transmitter power constraints,the energy harvesting(EH)requirements of EUs,and the AIRS amplification power limitations.However,the optimization variables are highly coupled and cannot be solved directly.To tackle this complex problem,we propose an efficient algorithm based on alternating optimization(AO)and semi-definite relaxation(SDR)techniques to obtain high-quality solutions.Simulation results demonstrate that the hybrid active/passive IRSassisted SWIPT system significantly enhances throughput performance and outperforms benchmark systems.
文摘我国地域辽阔,自然灾害频发,现有的灾后临时避难建筑虽然能够满足灾后快速安置灾民的需求,但普遍居住效果差,不利于人们身心健康,同时也对环境造成了严重影响。因此,发展具备良好性能的灾后临时避难建筑对于我国防范和应对重大自然灾害、确保灾后人民安置具有重要意义。基于绿色可持续的视角,在灾后临时避难建筑设计中引入主动式建筑理念,并以2023年Active House Award获奖作品为例,提出了涵盖生态保护、人文关怀和经济循环的三位一体多目标设计策略,为灾后临时避难建筑的设计与发展提出了更多可能性,也为决策者在灾后恢复重建工作提供了参考和借鉴。
基金The program was funded by WHO/TDR Impact grant to two TDR alumni from DMRThe funders had no role in study design,data collection and analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript。
文摘Background:Since 2005,the Myanmar National Tuberculosis Programme(NTP)has been implementing active case finding(ACF)activities involving mobile teams in hard-to-reach areas.This study revealed the contribution of mobile team activities to total tuberculosis(TB)case detection,characteristics of TB patients detected by mobile teams and their treatment outcomes.Methods:This was a descriptive study using routine programme data between October 2014 and December 2014.Mobile team activities were a one-stop service and included portable digital chest radiography(CXR)and microscopy of two sputum samples.The algorithm of the case detection included screening patients by symptoms,then by CXR followed by sputum microscopy for confirmation.Diagnosed patients were started on treatment and followed until a final outcome was ascertained.Results:A total of 9349 people with symptoms suggestive of TB were screened by CXR,with an uptake of 96.6%.Of those who were meant to undergo sputum smear microscopy,51.4%had sputum examinations.Finally,504 TB patients were identified by the mobile teams and the overall contribution to total TB case detection in the respective townships was 25.3%.Among total cases examined by microscopy,6.4%were sputum smear positive TB.Treatment success rate was high as 91.8%in study townships compared to national rate 85%(2014 cohort).Conclusions:This study confirmed the feasibility and acceptability of ACF by mobile teams in hard-to-reach contexts,especially when equipped with portable,digital CXR machines that provided immediate results.However,the follow-up process of sputum examination created a significant barrier to confirmation of the diagnosis.In order to optimize the ACF through mobile team activity,future ACF activities were needed to be strengthened one stop service including molecular diagnostics or provision of sputum cups to all presumptive TB cases prior to CXR and testing if CXR suggestive of TB.
基金The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JD2423)。
文摘Pump valve pipeline vibration brings serious safety hazards to the operation of the equipment,for the pump valve system in the process of variable flow,variable speed,variable openings lead to excessive pipeline vibration.An active damping device(ADD)is used to the vibration of the pump valve pipeline system to apply the control force,to achieve the active control of the pipeline vibration.A pump-valve pipeline vibration test bench was built to compare the control effect of active damping device on pipeline vibration under different pump valve working conditions,and the results show that applying ADD control could effectively suppress the vibration of the pump valve pipeline and enhance the stability of the equipment during operation.At different pump operating rotation frequencies,the vibration amplitude of the pump valve pipeline in working frequency and its multiple frequencies are also effectively suppressed,with the maximum amplitude reduction of more than 60%.For the valve vibration caused by different operating openings,the vibration of the highest reduction of 68%,and the centrifugal pump drive shaft vi-bration reduced by up to 73%,which provides a new idea for vibration control of pump valve pipeline system.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52371088,52071347,and U20A20233)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515240007)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.KJZD20230923114819041).
文摘Corrosion activities and related accidents are significant issues for marine facilities,leading to considerable economic losses.Waterborne epoxy(EP)coating has been seen as one of the optimal options for corrosion protection due to its stable properties and eco-friendliness(0 g/L volatile organic compounds).Nevertheless,several intrinsic deficiencies require improvement,such as fragile mechanical properties and defects(macro and micro),resulting in the continuous deterioration of comprehensive coating performances.In this work,a novel nanocomposite coating with mechanical enhancement,intelligent self-reporting,and active protection is fabricated by integrating the functionalized and compatible graphene oxide/cerium based metal-organic framework multiscale structure(GO-CeMOF-P/M).Notably,the homogenous dispersion of GO-CeMOF-P/M and its chemical interaction with the polymer matrix effectively reduces the defects resulting from solution volatilizing and enhances the compactness,which boosts the tensile strength(32.1 MPa/8.5%)and dry adhesion force(5.8 MPa)of the coating.Additionally,the controllable responsiveness and release of multiscale nanocomposite within external environments endow intelligent active protection and self-reporting characteristics for the GO-CeMOF-P/M-EP coating,making it especially suitable for a variety of practical marine applications.Furthermore,following immersion of 80 d in the aggressive environment,Zf=0.01 Hz value of GO-CeMOF-P/M-EP coating is 1.2×10^(10)Ωcm^(2),which is 164.4 times larger than that of EP coating(7.3×10^(7)Ωcm^(2)),demonstrating remarkably strengthened anti-corrosion ability.Consequently,by offering an intriguing design strategy,the current work anticipates addressing the inherent deficiencies of EP coating and facilitating its practicality and feasibility in real sea environments.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3504503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52274355)the Gansu Province Science and Technology Major Special Project,China(22ZD6GD061).
文摘Precipitation is often used for the preparation of La(OH)_(3)with precipitants of liquid alkali and ammonia.To solve the problems of high cost and wastewater pollution caused by common precipitants,the active MgO synthesized by pyrolysis was used as the precipitant to prepare La(OH)_(3).The species distribution of LaCl_(3)and LaCl_(3)-MgCl_(2)mixed system solution was calculated,and the kinetic analysis of the precipi-tation process was carried out to confirm the key factors influencing the precipitation of La(OH)_(3).The results show that La(OH)_(3)with D_(50)of 5.57μm,a specific surface area of 25.70 m^(2)/g,a rod-like shape,and MgO content of 0.044 wt%,was successfully prepared by adding active MgO.The precipitation ratio of La reaches 99.92%.The La(OH)_(3)precipitation is controlled by the diffusion process.The activity of MgO has a significant influence on MgO content in the precipitate.The preparation of La(OH)_(3)by active MgO provides a potential way for an eco-friendly preparation method of rare earth.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes,China(Grant Nos.:ZZ16-YQ-037,JIPY2023003,and JJPY2022022)China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CACMS)Innovation Fund(Grant No.:CI2021A00601).
文摘In clinical practice,antibiotics have historically been utilized for the treatment of pathogenic bacteria.However,the gradual emergence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial strains has posed a significant challenge to this approach.In 2022,Escherichia coli,a Gram-negative bacterium renowned for its widespread pathogenicity and high virulence,emerged as the predominant pathogenic bacterium in China.The rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant E.coli strains has rendered antibiotics insufficient to fight E.coli infections.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has made remarkable contributions to the health of Chinese people for thousands of years,and its significant therapeutic effects have been proven in clinical practice.In this paper,we provide a comprehensive review of the advances and mechanisms of TCM and its active ingredients against antibiotic-resistant E.coli infections.First of all,this review introduces the classification,antibiotic resistance characteristics and mechanisms of E.coli.Then,the TCM formulas and extracts are listed along with their active ingredients against E.coli,including extraction solution,minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC),and the antibacterial mechanisms.In addition,there is growing evidence supporting the synergistic therapeutic strategy of combining TCM with antibiotics for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant E.coli infections,and we provide a summary of this evidence and its underlying mechanisms.In conclusion,we present a comprehensive review of TCM and highlight its potential and advantages in the prevention and treatment of E.coli infections.We hold the opinion that TCM will play an important role in global health,pharmaceutical development,and livestock farming in the future.
基金supported by NSFC(Grant No.52202265,52302004,52472010,62434010)the Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province(tsqn202306330)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20230807094009018)Xiaomi Young Talents Program(2023XM06).
文摘Gallium nitride(GaN)single crystal with prominent electron mobility and heat resistance have great potential in the high temperature integrate electric power systems.However,the sluggish charge storage kinetics and inadequate energy densities are bottlenecks to its practical application.Herein,the self-supported GaN/Mn_(3)O_(4) integrated electrode is developed for both energy harvesting and storage under the high temperature environment.The experimental and theoretical calculations results reveal that such integrated structures with Mn-N heterointerface bring abundant active sites and reconstruct low-energy barrier channels for efficient charge transferring,reasonably optimizing the ions adsorption ability and strengthening the structural stability.Consequently,the assembled GaN based supercapacitors deliver the power density of 34.0 mW cm^(-2) with capacitance retention of 81.3%after 10000 cycles at 130℃.This work innovatively correlates the centimeter scale GaN single crystal with ideal theoretical capacity Mn_(3)O_(4) and provides an effective avenue for the follow-up energy storage applications of the wide bandgap semiconductor.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB2011300)the Special Funds Project for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of Jiangsu Province,China(No.BA2023039)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52075262)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.30922010706).
文摘The output feedback active disturbance rejection control of a valve-controlled cylinder electro-hydraulic servo system is investigated in this paper.First,a comprehensive nonlinear mathematical model that encompasses both matched and mismatched disturbances is formulated.Due to the fact that only position information can be measured,a linear Extended State Observer(ESO)is introduced to estimate unknown states and matched disturbances,while a dedicated disturbance observer is constructed to estimate mismatched disturbances.Different from the traditional observer results,the design of the disturbance observer used in this study is carried out under the constraint of output feedback.Furthermore,an output feedback nonlinear controller is proposed leveraging the aforementioned observers to achieve accurate trajectory tracking.To mitigate the inherent differential explosion problem of the traditional backstepping framework,a finite-time stable command filter is incorporated.Simultaneously,considering transient filtering errors,a set of error compensation signals are designed to counter their negative impact effectively.Theoretical analysis affirms that the proposed control strategy ensures the boundedness of all signals within the closed-loop system.Additionally,under the specific condition of only time-invariant disturbances in the system,the conclusion of asymptotic stability is established.Finally,the algorithm’s efficacy is validated through comparative experiments.
