Water decoction is the main form of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)administered in clinics.Polysaccharides are major components of decoction.Recent studies reported that polysaccharides possess multiple pharmacologi...Water decoction is the main form of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)administered in clinics.Polysaccharides are major components of decoction.Recent studies reported that polysaccharides possess multiple pharmacological activities.However,the mechanism by which oral Chinese herbal polysaccharides play vital roles in the body remains uncertain.This review discussed the polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions and their effects,direct and indirect.The direct impact of polysaccharides includes being absorbed into the body immunity regulation through Peyer’s patches;electrostatic adsorption,hydrophobic interaction,and glycoprotein receptors-induced antibacterial effects;prebiotic functions;gut microbiota structural regulation;and increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.The indirect effects of the polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions include phytochemical toxicity reduction and activity enhancement.Finally,their clinical and research significance is summarized and future research directions are discussed.展开更多
Addressing the critical challenges of viscosity loss and barite sag in synthetic-based drilling fluids(SBDFs)under high-temperature,high-pressure(HTHP)conditions,this study innovatively developed a hyperbranched amide...Addressing the critical challenges of viscosity loss and barite sag in synthetic-based drilling fluids(SBDFs)under high-temperature,high-pressure(HTHP)conditions,this study innovatively developed a hyperbranched amide polymer(SS-1)through a unique stepwise polycondensation strategy.By integrating dynamic ionic crosslinking for temperature-responsive rheology and rigid aromatic moieties ensuring thermal stability beyond 260℃,SS-1 achieves a molecular-level breakthrough.Performance evaluations demonstrate that adding merely 2.0 wt% SS-1 significantly enhances key properties of 210℃-aged SBDFs:plastic viscosity rises to 45 mPa⋅s,electrical stability(emulsion voltage)reaches 1426 V,and the sag factor declines to 0.509,outperforming conventional sulfonated polyacrylamide(S-PAM,0.531)by 4.3%.Mechanistic investigations reveal a trifunctional synergistic anti-sag mechanism involving electrostatic adsorption onto barite surfaces,hyperbranched steric hindrance,and colloid-stabilizing network formation.SS-1 exhibits exceptional HTHP stabilization efficacy,substantially surpassing S-PAM,thereby providing an innovative molecular design strategy and scalable solution for next-generation high-performance drilling fluid stabilizers.展开更多
The excellent performance of laser-induced removal has been widely recognized,yet the limitation of its applications has been gradually approached for complex multilayer coatings in practical situations.Therefore,it i...The excellent performance of laser-induced removal has been widely recognized,yet the limitation of its applications has been gradually approached for complex multilayer coatings in practical situations.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify the laser-induced removal mechanisms of different material layers,which may contribute to guiding precise and controllable layer-by-layer removal and subsequent repair.Herein,the laser-induced layer-by-layer removal of FeCo-based multilayer wave-absorbing coatings was designed and verified.The macro/micro morphologies and elemental analysis indicated that the removal of the topcoat and wave-absorbing layer was dominated by thermal ablation.Interestingly,experiments and simulations demonstrated that a shift in the removal mechanism,i.e.,from the ablation mechanism to the stripping mechanism,occurred when the laser irradiated the primer.It is mainly attributed to the competing contributions of temperature rise and thermal stress to the removal effect.Subsequent macrodynamic behavior captured by a high-speed camera also validated the combination of both re-moval mechanisms.Additionally,the evolution of the crystalline phase and element valence state was revealed.Further laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy revealed the microscopic material motions dur-ing the layer-by-layer removal,including molecular bond breaking induced by multiphoton absorption,atomic ionization,excitation and compounding of electrons and ions,crystal lattice deformation caused by electron-phonon coupling,etc.Based on the above analysis,the thermo-mechanical action mechanisms and microscopic motion models of laser-induced layer-by-layer removal for FeCo-based multilayer wave-absorbing coatings were established,which is expected to be an ideal method for breaking through the limitation of laser-induced removal’s applications.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB)has brought much attention and concern because of high theoretical specific capacity and energy density as one of main competitors for next-generation energy storage systems.The widely comme...Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB)has brought much attention and concern because of high theoretical specific capacity and energy density as one of main competitors for next-generation energy storage systems.The widely commercial application and development of LSB is mainly hindered by serious“shuttle effect”of lithium polysulfides(Li PSs),slow reaction kinetics,notorious lithium dendrites,etc.In various structures of LSB materials,array structured materials,possessing the composition of ordered micro units with the same or similar characteristics of each unit,present excellent application potential for various secondary cells due to some merits such as immobilization of active substances,high specific surface area,appropriate pore sizes,easy modification of functional material surface,accommodated huge volume change,enough facilitated transportation for electrons/lithium ions,and special functional groups strongly adsorbing Li PSs.Thus many novel array structured materials are applied to battery for tackling thorny problems mentioned above.In this review,recent progresses and developments on array structured materials applied in LSBs including preparation ways,collaborative structural designs based on array structures,and action mechanism analyses in improving electrochemical performance and safety are summarized.Meanwhile,we also have detailed discussion for array structured materials in LSBs and constructed the structure-function relationships between array structured materials and battery performances.Lastly,some directions and prospects about preparation ways,functional modifications,and practical applications of array structured materials in LSBs are generalized.We hope the review can attract more researchers'attention and bring more studying on array structured materials for other secondary batteries including LSB.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the action mechanism of Mongolian medicine Rhododendron micranthum Turcz.on lung cancer by network pharmacology.[Methods]Based on the high-throughput experiment and reference database(HERB)of tr...[Objectives]To explore the action mechanism of Mongolian medicine Rhododendron micranthum Turcz.on lung cancer by network pharmacology.[Methods]Based on the high-throughput experiment and reference database(HERB)of traditional Chinese medicine,component target database(Swiss ADME),small molecule drug target prediction online platform(SWISS Target Prediction),human gene business card database(GENECARD),the database of genes and mutation sites related to human diseases(DISGENET)and other databases,the target genes of drugs and diseases were screened out.Venny software was used for obtaining the target intersection of active components of the Mongolian medicine R.micranthum Turcz.and the lung cancer,a CytoNCA plug-in in cytoscape 3.10.0 software was used for screening candidate core target genes,and related effective components were obtained in a reverse direction.A drug-active ingredient-gene-disease regulation network was established,a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was established by means of the STRING database to screen core genes,and common targets were screened by the David database.Gene Ontology(GO)function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)were used for enrichment analysis.[Results]There were 13 effective components of Mongolian medicine R.micranthum Turcz.for treating lung cancer and 115 drug disease intersection target genes.Core genes affecting the disease included SRC,HSP90AB1,EGFR,AKT1,and ERBB2.GO functional enrichment analysis involved 462 items of biological processes,64 items of cellular components and 126 items of molecular functions.Enrichment analysis of KEGG signaling pathways screened out cancer pathways,endocrine resistance,PI3K-Akt signaling pathways,proteoglycans in cancer and other signaling pathways.[Conclusions]Mongolian medicine R.micranthum Turcz.can inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells from multiple targets and pathways,and the results of network pharmaceutical analysis provide a theoretical basis for further experimental research.展开更多
In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),based on various pathogenic symptoms and the‘golden chamber’medical text,Huangdi Neijing,diabetes mellitus falls under the category‘collateral disease’.TCM,with its wealth of e...In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),based on various pathogenic symptoms and the‘golden chamber’medical text,Huangdi Neijing,diabetes mellitus falls under the category‘collateral disease’.TCM,with its wealth of experience,has been treating diabetes for over two millennia.Different antidiabetic Chinese herbal medicines re-duce blood sugar,with their effective ingredients exerting unique advantages.As well as a glucose lowering effect,TCM also regulates bodily functions to prevent diabetes associated complications,with reduced side effects compared to western synthetic drugs.Chinese herbal medicine is usually composed of polysaccharides,saponins,al-kaloids,flavonoids,and terpenoids.These active ingredients reduce blood sugar via various mechanism of actions that include boosting endogenous insulin secretion,enhancing insulin sensitivity and adjusting key enzyme activity and scavenging free radicals.These actions regulate glycolipid metabolism in the body,eventually achiev-ing the goal of normalizing blood glucose.Using different animal models,a number of molecular markers are available for the detection of diabetes induction and the molecular pathology of the disease is becoming clearer.Nonetheless,there is a dearth of scientific data about the pharmacology,dose-effect relationship,and structure-activity relationship of TCM and its constituents.Further research into the efficacy,toxicity and mode of action of TCM,using different metabolic and molecular markers,is key to developing novel TCM antidiabetic formulations.展开更多
Ultraviolet(UV)-induced photoaging skin has become an urgent issue.The functional foods and cosmetics aiming to improve skin photoaging are developing rapidly,and the demand is gradually increasing year by year.Collag...Ultraviolet(UV)-induced photoaging skin has become an urgent issue.The functional foods and cosmetics aiming to improve skin photoaging are developing rapidly,and the demand is gradually increasing year by year.Collagen peptides have been proven to display diverse physiological activities,such as excellent moisture retention activity,hygroscopicity,tyrosinase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity,which indicates that they have great potential in amelioration of UV-induced photoaging.The main objective of this article is to recap the main mechanisms to improve photoaging skin by collagen peptides and their physiological activities in photo-protection.Furthermore,the extraction and structural characteristics of collagen peptides are overviewed.More importantly,some clinical trials on the beneficial effect on skin of collagen peptides are also discussed.In addition,prospects and challenges of collagen peptides are emphatically elucidated in this review.This article implies that collagen peptides have great potential as an effective ingredient in food and cosmetics industry with a wide application prospect.展开更多
Ilmenite is an essential mineral for the extraction of titanium.Conventional physical separation methods have difficulty recovering fine ilmenite,and dressing plants have begun applying flotation to recover ilmenite.T...Ilmenite is an essential mineral for the extraction of titanium.Conventional physical separation methods have difficulty recovering fine ilmenite,and dressing plants have begun applying flotation to recover ilmenite.The interaction of reagent groups with Ti and Fe sites on the ilmenite surface dramatically influences the ilmenite flotation.However,the investigation on Fe sites has received more attention because the activity of Ti is lower than that of Fe.For the activators on ilmenite flotation,most are metal ions but typically lead ions.The metal ions of activators promote ilmenite flotation by increasing the active sites on the ilmenite surface.Combined reagents have a better selective separation of ilmenite than single reagents due to their synergistic effect.Combining the lead ion(Pb^(2+))and the benzyl hydroxamic acid(BHA)into a Pb-BHA complex has a marked effect on ilmenite flotation,which puts forward a new idea of developing combined reagents for ilmenite flotation.This review considers reagent types and action mechanisms in ilmenite flotation.On the basis of the analysis of previous research,a brief future outlook of reagent types and action mechanisms in ilmenite flotation is also proposed in this study.展开更多
The effects of several collectors and their dosage on pure ilmenorutile atdifferent pH values were studied and the collecting strength of several representative collectorswas investigated. The experimental results ind...The effects of several collectors and their dosage on pure ilmenorutile atdifferent pH values were studied and the collecting strength of several representative collectorswas investigated. The experimental results indicate that diphosphonic acid is a good collector forilmenorutile and the recovery of ilmenorutile ranges from 90.87 percent to 91.70 percent when thepulp pH value is 2.0-4.0 and the dosage is 75 mg/L. The sequence of collecting ability for severalcollectors is as follows: diphosphonic acid> TF279 > cyclic allryl hydroximic acid > benzyl arsenicacid> salicylic hydroximic acid> alkyl hydroximic acid. Meanwhile, IAS (infrared absorptionspectrum) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) were used to detect and analyze the actionmechanism of diphosphonic acid on ilmenorutile. IAS results showed that the characteristicabsorption peak relating to P=O as well as P-O vibration occurred between wave numeber 1140 and 1032cm^(-1), and diphosphonic acid had adsorbed on the surface of ilmenorutile. XPS results indicatedthat the binding energy of P2P peak of ilmenorutile had changed 0.45 eV after treated bydiphosphonic acid. This proves that the adsorption is mainly chemical adsorption.展开更多
In order to investigate the existing form and action mechanism of minor scandium （Sc） and zirconium （Zr） in AI-Cu-Mg alloy, microstructures of Al-4Cu-1Mg-Sc-Zr alloy under different conditions, including states of...In order to investigate the existing form and action mechanism of minor scandium （Sc） and zirconium （Zr） in AI-Cu-Mg alloy, microstructures of Al-4Cu-1Mg-Sc-Zr alloy under different conditions, including states of as-cast, homogenized, hot-rolled, as-solution and natural aged, were observed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffractometry （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. It is revealed that Sc and Zr are completely dissolved into the supersaturated solid solution in as-cast ingot, but grain refinement is not observed. Coffee-bean-like AI3（Sc, Zr） particles deposit during homogenization of ingot induce an increase in hardness. Al3（Sc, Zr） particles are slightly coarsened in as-solution samples, but they still maintain coherent to matrix, which indicates a high thermal stability of these particles. Good coherency ofAl3（Sc, Zr） particles makes some benefits for inhibiting recrystallization and reserving work-hardening.展开更多
The inclusion complex of fl-cyclodextrin （β-CD） and sulfurized isobutylene （T321） was prepared with a co-precipitation method. The tribological properties of the complex with different concentrations were investi...The inclusion complex of fl-cyclodextrin （β-CD） and sulfurized isobutylene （T321） was prepared with a co-precipitation method. The tribological properties of the complex with different concentrations were investigated by a four-ball tester in the solution of polyethylene glycol-600 （PEG-600）. The experimental results suggest that the complex exhibits better anti-friction and anti-wear properties than fl-CD under different load conditions. The tribo-system shows the least friction coefficient when the concentration of the complex is 0.8%. During the friction process, the complex was decomposed into various molecular fragments and the T321 molecules were released onto the friction interface to provide effective lubrication. The XPS analytical results on the worn surfaces reveal that sulfide film formed by the released T321 plays a major role, and the iron alkoxide and carbon deposition films formed by the β-CD fragments have better anti-friction effect on the sulfide film surface. The interactions of different films result in the formation of a mixed boundary lubrication film.展开更多
Non-renewable fossil fuels have led to serious problems such as global warming,environmental pollution,etc.Oxygen electrocatalysis including oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)plays a cent...Non-renewable fossil fuels have led to serious problems such as global warming,environmental pollution,etc.Oxygen electrocatalysis including oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)plays a central role in clean energy conversion,enabling a number of sustainable processes for future air battery technologies.Fluorine,as the most electronegative element(4.0)not only can induce more efficient regulation for the electronic structure,but also can bring more abundant defects and other novel effects in materials selection and preparation for favorable catalysis with respect to the other nonmetal elements.However,an individual and comprehensive overview of fluorine-containing functional materials for oxygen electrocatalysis field is still blank.Therefore,it is very meaningful to review the recent progresses of fluorine-containing oxygen electrocatalysts.In this review,we first systematically summarize the controllable preparation methods and their possible development directions based on fluorine-containing materials from four preparation methods.Due to the strong electron-withdrawing properties of fluorine,its control of the electronic structure can effectively enhance the oxygen electrocatalytic activity of the materials.In addition,the catalytic enhancement effect of fluorine on carbonbased materials also includes the prevent oxidation and the layer peeling,and realizes the precise atomic control.And the catalytic improvement mechanism of fluorine containing metal-based compounds also includes the hydration of metal site,the crystal transformation,and the oxygen vacancy induction.Then,based on their various dimensions(0D–3D),we also have summarized the advantages of different morphologies on oxygen electrocatalytic performances.Finally,the prospects and possible future researching direction of F-containing oxygen electrocatalysts are presented(e.g.,novel pathways,advanced methods for measurement and simulation,field assistance and multi-functions).The review is considered valuable and helpful in exploring the novel designs and mechanism analyses of advanced fluorine-containing electrocatalysts.展开更多
The inclusion complex of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and sulfurized isobutylene (T321) was prepared with a co-precipitation method. The tribological properties of the complex with different concentrations were investigate...The inclusion complex of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and sulfurized isobutylene (T321) was prepared with a co-precipitation method. The tribological properties of the complex with different concentrations were investigated by a four-ball tester in the solution of polyethylene glycol-600 (PEG-600). The experimental results suggest that the complex exhibits better anti-friction and anti-wear properties than β-CD under different load conditions. The tribo-system shows the least friction coefficient when the concentration of the complex is 0.8%. During the friction process, the complex was decomposed into various molecular fragments and the T321 molecules were released onto the friction interface to provide effective lubrication. The XPS analytical results on the worn surfaces reveal that sulfide film formed by the released T321 plays a major role, and the iron alkoxide and carbon deposition films formed by the β-CD fragments have better anti-friction effect on the sulfide film surface. The interactions of different films result in the formation of a mixed boundary lubrication film.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the molecular mechanism of Sanzi Yangqin Decoction in the treatment of bronchial asthma based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.[Methods]The components of Fructus Perillae,Semen Raph...[Objectives]To explore the molecular mechanism of Sanzi Yangqin Decoction in the treatment of bronchial asthma based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.[Methods]The components of Fructus Perillae,Semen Raphani and Semen Sinapis three traditional Chinese medicine-related components and targets of Feiduqing Sanzi Yangqin Decoction were obtained using Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),and the targets of bronchial asthma were obtained using Genecards and OMIM databases.Sanzi Yangqin Decoction"drug-active ingredient-target-disease"network was established with the aid of Cytoscape 3.7.2 software and network topology analysis was carried out.The gene ontology(GO)function enrichment analysis and the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed by DAVID.The top 3 components and targets in the network topology analysis were respectively molecularly docked.[Results]Through network analysis,4 key active components were obtained,mainly luteolin,arachidonic acid,β-carotene,etc.;5 key targets,mainly NCOA2,PGR,PTGS2,etc.Through GO analysis,523 items(P<0.05)were obtained,including 396 items in biological process(BP),53 items in cell composition(CC),and 74 items in molecular function(MF).KEGG analysis generated 144 signal pathways(P<0.05),involving PI3K-Akt signal pathway,human cytomegalovirus infection,Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus infection,proteoglycans in cancer,prostate cancer,etc.The results of molecular docking showed that core active compounds such as luteolin andβ-carotene in Sanzi Yangqin Decoction had good affinity with NCOA2,PGR,PTGS2 and other target genes,which were similar to clinically recommended chemical drugs.[Conclusions]The active compounds luteolin and carotene in Sanzi Yangqin Decoction may mainly bind to targets such as NCOA2,PGR,PTGS2,and regulate multiple signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt to play a role in treating bronchial asthma.It is intended to provide new ideas for the clinical application and research of Sanzi Yangqin Decoction.展开更多
Objective Our objective was to analyze the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome and treatment laws of diabetic kidney disease(DKD)and the action mechanism of high-frequency Chinese herbs in the treatment of DKD b...Objective Our objective was to analyze the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome and treatment laws of diabetic kidney disease(DKD)and the action mechanism of high-frequency Chinese herbs in the treatment of DKD based on realworldstudy.MethodsThe data of patients with DKD who had been treated in the First Hospital Affiliated to Henan Universityof ChineseMedicine from January1,2014to December 31,2021 were retrospectively analyzed through the hospital information management system.The contents of the cases were statistically analyzed using IBM SPsS Statistics 25 software,and the laws of DKDtreatment were summarized.Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to analyze the action mechanism of high-frequency Chinese herbs in the treatment of DKD.ResultsThe data of a total of 1,201 patients with DKD were included,involving 72 kinds of TCM syndromes.Nine disease nature elements and six disease location elements were extracted,involving 405 Chinese herbs.The top five high-frequency Chinese herbs were Baizhu(Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma),Fuling(Poria),Huangqi(Astragali Radix),Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma),and Danshen(Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).Thirty kinds of Chinese herbs with the frequency of≥100 were mainly deficiency-tonifying herbs and blood-activating and stasis-eliminating herbs.The medicinal properties were mainly warm and mild,and the medicinal flavors were sweet and bitter mostly.For the meridian tropism,the main meridian tropism of these herbs is spleen meridian and lung meridian.The clustering method.展开更多
ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to explore the molecular mechanism of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica)in the treatment of glioblastoma(GBM)by using the methods of bioinformatics and network pharmacology.Methods The Tradition...ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to explore the molecular mechanism of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica)in the treatment of glioblastoma(GBM)by using the methods of bioinformatics and network pharmacology.Methods The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP)and literature retrieval method were applied to obtain the active ingredients of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica),and to predict the relevant targets of the active ingredients.The GBM-related targets were retrieved and screened through the Gene Expression Profling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA)database,and mapped to each other with the targets of the components of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica)to obtain the intersection targets.The GBM differentially expressed gene targets were imported into the String database to obtain the protein interaction relationship,the Cytoscape software was used to draw the protein interaction network,the Cytobba and MCODE plug-ins were used to screen the core genes and important protein interaction modules,and the GEPIA database was applied to make survival analysis of the core genes.The network map of“active ingredients-targets”was constructed through the Cytoscape 3.6.1 software.Gene Ontology(GO)biological function enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)signaling pathway enrichment analysis for GBM differentially expressed genes were performed through the DAVID database.ResultsThrough TCMSP and literature retrieval,23 potential active ingredients and 129 related targets were obtained from Yadanzi(Brucea javanica).In the GEPIA database,247 GBM differentially expressed genes were screened,including 113 upregulated genes and 134 downregulated genes.After mapping with the targets related to the active ingredients of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica),six intersection targets were obtained,that is,the potential action targets of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica)in treating GBM,including MMP2,HMOX1,BIRC5,EGFR,CCNB2,and TOP2A.Cytoscape software was applied to build an“active ingredient-action target”network.Two active ingredients and five action targets of β-sitosterol(BS)and luteolin were found,and the targets were mainly concentrated in BS.It was found by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis that GBM differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in signaling pathways related to Staphylococcus aureus infection,phagosome formation,tuberculosis and systemic lupus erythematosus and other infectious and autoimmune diseases.It was found by GO enrichment analysis that the GBM differentially expressed genes mainly involved such biological processes(BP)as the processing and presentation of exogenous antigenic peptides and polysaccharide antigens through MHC Il molecules,y-interferon-mediated signaling pathways,extracellular matrix composition,and chemical synapses transmission;it involved cellular components such as cell junctions,axon terminal buttons,extracellular space,vesicle membranes for endocytosis,and MHC Il protein complexes;molecular functions such as calcium-mediated ionic protein binding,MHC Il molecular receptor activity,immunoglobulin binding,and phospholipase inhibitor activity were also involved.Survival analysis was conducted by GEPIA on the top 37 core targets in degree value,and a total of five genes related to GBM prognosis were obtained.Among them,FN1 and MMP2 were highly expressed while GABRD(v-aminobutyric acid A receptor delta subunit),RBFOX1,and SLC6A7 were expressed at a low level in cancer patients.Conclusion The pathogenesis of GBM is closely related to the human immune system,and BS and luteolin may be the main material basis of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica)for the treatment of GBM and the improvement of prognosis.The molecular mechanism may be related to the physical barrier formed by destroying the tumor cell stromal 68 Treatment of Glioblastoma Based on Bioinformatics and Network Pharmacology Zhao,Si.molecules and its involvement in tumor immune response.展开更多
In consideration of the abundant moisture of limonitic nickel laterite mined,it is essential to determine whether the selfpossessed moisture of limonitic nickel laterite after pre-dried is appropriate for sintering.Th...In consideration of the abundant moisture of limonitic nickel laterite mined,it is essential to determine whether the selfpossessed moisture of limonitic nickel laterite after pre-dried is appropriate for sintering.Thus,based on the characterization of limonitic nickel laterite,the influence of its self-possessed moisture on sintering performance was expounded by sinter pot tests and the relevant mechanism was revealed by the systematical analyses of the granulation properties of sinter mixture,thermodynamic conditions during sintering and mineralogy of product sinter.The results indicate that the selfpossessed moisture of limonitic nickel laterite indeed has significant infuence on its sintering performance.At the optimum self-possessed moisture of 21 mass%,sinter indices are relatively better with tumble index,productivity and solid fuel rate of 48.87%,1.04 t m^(-2) h^(-1)and 136.52 kg t^(-1),respectively,due to the superior granulation properties of sinter mixture and thermodynamic conditions during sintering,relatively large amount of silico-ferrite of calcium and alumina and tighter sinter microstructure.However,sintering performance of limonitic nickel laterite is still much poorer than that of ordinary iron ores.It is feasible to strengthen limonitic nickel laterite sintering by inhibiting the over-fast sintering speed and improving the thermodynamic conditions during sintering.展开更多
[Objectives]To collect the main active components and targets of baicalein,and to explore the relationship between their targets and COVID-19 and the treatment mechanism of potential unknown targets.[Methods]The 2D an...[Objectives]To collect the main active components and targets of baicalein,and to explore the relationship between their targets and COVID-19 and the treatment mechanism of potential unknown targets.[Methods]The 2D and 3D structures of baicalein(CAS:491-67-8)were obtained by searching Pubchem.The predicted target of baicalein was obtained through the Pharmapper website,and the species specific target was obtained by SEA search server.The COVID-19 related genes were obtained in Genecards and OMIM.The Draw Venny Diagram online program was used to establish the visualized network map of“drug-disease-target”with baicalein monomer target and disease common target and Cytoscape(3.7.2)software.The COVID-19 gene was constructed by using Cytoscape plug-in Bisogenet,and protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed by using the baicalein COVID-19 gene.The CytoNCA topology was used to analyze the network topology and construct the core network.The core network genes were analyzed by GO and KEGG.[Results]Through screening,a total of 358 effective target genes of baicalein,23 common targets of baicalein-COVID-19,and 80 genes of PPI core network were obtained.The total of 1648 GO biological processes including DNA metabolism,positive regulation,intracellular receptor signaling pathway,transforming growth factorβreceptor signaling pathway,regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway,RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding,and 115 KEGG-related signaling pathways involving cell cycle pathways,viral oncogenic pathways,Hepatitis B pathway,Hepatitis C pathway,PI3K-Akt pathway,and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis,etc.[Conclusions]The effect of baicalein on COVID-19 reflects the characteristics of multiple targets,and it can also regulate the occurrence and development of COVID-19 through various channels.This study is expected to provide a certain basis for subsequent experiments.展开更多
Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a kind of mental disorder caused by severe traumatic events.It has a high incidence,a serious of impacts on the physical and mental health of patients.Especially in the current s...Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a kind of mental disorder caused by severe traumatic events.It has a high incidence,a serious of impacts on the physical and mental health of patients.Especially in the current situation of COVID-19,the researches on PTSD are particularly important,but the choice of drugs available for PTSD is limited and it is often accompanied by adverse reactions.In the field of acupuncture,there are many clinical research evidences suggested that PTSD is a predominant disease of acupuncture.However,its action mechanisms have not been fully elucidated,so the possible mechanisms of acupuncture in treating PTSD were discussed.展开更多
Based on Mongolian medical theory and modern pharmacology,literature on the main components and action mechanism of Hatageqi-7 in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcer is collected,sorted and summarized.The resear...Based on Mongolian medical theory and modern pharmacology,literature on the main components and action mechanism of Hatageqi-7 in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcer is collected,sorted and summarized.The research hopes to provide certain basis for its clinical efficacy from theory.展开更多
基金by grants from the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(0005/2024/AKP,0075/2022/A,and 028/2022/ITP)the Zhuhai Science and Technology Plan Project in the Social Development Field(2220004000117)the University of Macao(MYRG-GRG2023-00082-ICMSUMDF,MYRG-GRG2024-00150-ICMS-UMDF and CPG2025-00030-ICMS).
文摘Water decoction is the main form of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)administered in clinics.Polysaccharides are major components of decoction.Recent studies reported that polysaccharides possess multiple pharmacological activities.However,the mechanism by which oral Chinese herbal polysaccharides play vital roles in the body remains uncertain.This review discussed the polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions and their effects,direct and indirect.The direct impact of polysaccharides includes being absorbed into the body immunity regulation through Peyer’s patches;electrostatic adsorption,hydrophobic interaction,and glycoprotein receptors-induced antibacterial effects;prebiotic functions;gut microbiota structural regulation;and increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.The indirect effects of the polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions include phytochemical toxicity reduction and activity enhancement.Finally,their clinical and research significance is summarized and future research directions are discussed.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52075246 and U2341264)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BK20211568 and BZ2023045)+2 种基金National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.J2019-Ⅲ-0010-0054)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.NE2022005)Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Aircraft Ice Protection(No.XFX20220301).
文摘The excellent performance of laser-induced removal has been widely recognized,yet the limitation of its applications has been gradually approached for complex multilayer coatings in practical situations.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify the laser-induced removal mechanisms of different material layers,which may contribute to guiding precise and controllable layer-by-layer removal and subsequent repair.Herein,the laser-induced layer-by-layer removal of FeCo-based multilayer wave-absorbing coatings was designed and verified.The macro/micro morphologies and elemental analysis indicated that the removal of the topcoat and wave-absorbing layer was dominated by thermal ablation.Interestingly,experiments and simulations demonstrated that a shift in the removal mechanism,i.e.,from the ablation mechanism to the stripping mechanism,occurred when the laser irradiated the primer.It is mainly attributed to the competing contributions of temperature rise and thermal stress to the removal effect.Subsequent macrodynamic behavior captured by a high-speed camera also validated the combination of both re-moval mechanisms.Additionally,the evolution of the crystalline phase and element valence state was revealed.Further laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy revealed the microscopic material motions dur-ing the layer-by-layer removal,including molecular bond breaking induced by multiphoton absorption,atomic ionization,excitation and compounding of electrons and ions,crystal lattice deformation caused by electron-phonon coupling,etc.Based on the above analysis,the thermo-mechanical action mechanisms and microscopic motion models of laser-induced layer-by-layer removal for FeCo-based multilayer wave-absorbing coatings were established,which is expected to be an ideal method for breaking through the limitation of laser-induced removal’s applications.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203066,51973157,61904123)the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(18JCQNJC02900)+3 种基金the National innovation and entrepreneurship training program for college students(202310058007)the Tianjin Municipal college students’innovation and entrepreneurship training program(202310058088)the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(Grant No.2018KJ196)the State Key Laboratory of Membrane and Membrane Separation,Tiangong University.
文摘Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB)has brought much attention and concern because of high theoretical specific capacity and energy density as one of main competitors for next-generation energy storage systems.The widely commercial application and development of LSB is mainly hindered by serious“shuttle effect”of lithium polysulfides(Li PSs),slow reaction kinetics,notorious lithium dendrites,etc.In various structures of LSB materials,array structured materials,possessing the composition of ordered micro units with the same or similar characteristics of each unit,present excellent application potential for various secondary cells due to some merits such as immobilization of active substances,high specific surface area,appropriate pore sizes,easy modification of functional material surface,accommodated huge volume change,enough facilitated transportation for electrons/lithium ions,and special functional groups strongly adsorbing Li PSs.Thus many novel array structured materials are applied to battery for tackling thorny problems mentioned above.In this review,recent progresses and developments on array structured materials applied in LSBs including preparation ways,collaborative structural designs based on array structures,and action mechanism analyses in improving electrochemical performance and safety are summarized.Meanwhile,we also have detailed discussion for array structured materials in LSBs and constructed the structure-function relationships between array structured materials and battery performances.Lastly,some directions and prospects about preparation ways,functional modifications,and practical applications of array structured materials in LSBs are generalized.We hope the review can attract more researchers'attention and bring more studying on array structured materials for other secondary batteries including LSB.
基金Supported by Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Department of Education Science and Technology Leading Talents and Innovation Team Building Project and Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation Project(2024FX36)Key Research Project of Science and Technology in Colleges and Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(NJZZ21029).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the action mechanism of Mongolian medicine Rhododendron micranthum Turcz.on lung cancer by network pharmacology.[Methods]Based on the high-throughput experiment and reference database(HERB)of traditional Chinese medicine,component target database(Swiss ADME),small molecule drug target prediction online platform(SWISS Target Prediction),human gene business card database(GENECARD),the database of genes and mutation sites related to human diseases(DISGENET)and other databases,the target genes of drugs and diseases were screened out.Venny software was used for obtaining the target intersection of active components of the Mongolian medicine R.micranthum Turcz.and the lung cancer,a CytoNCA plug-in in cytoscape 3.10.0 software was used for screening candidate core target genes,and related effective components were obtained in a reverse direction.A drug-active ingredient-gene-disease regulation network was established,a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was established by means of the STRING database to screen core genes,and common targets were screened by the David database.Gene Ontology(GO)function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)were used for enrichment analysis.[Results]There were 13 effective components of Mongolian medicine R.micranthum Turcz.for treating lung cancer and 115 drug disease intersection target genes.Core genes affecting the disease included SRC,HSP90AB1,EGFR,AKT1,and ERBB2.GO functional enrichment analysis involved 462 items of biological processes,64 items of cellular components and 126 items of molecular functions.Enrichment analysis of KEGG signaling pathways screened out cancer pathways,endocrine resistance,PI3K-Akt signaling pathways,proteoglycans in cancer and other signaling pathways.[Conclusions]Mongolian medicine R.micranthum Turcz.can inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells from multiple targets and pathways,and the results of network pharmaceutical analysis provide a theoretical basis for further experimental research.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2021YFD1600100 and 2022YFD1600303。
文摘In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),based on various pathogenic symptoms and the‘golden chamber’medical text,Huangdi Neijing,diabetes mellitus falls under the category‘collateral disease’.TCM,with its wealth of experience,has been treating diabetes for over two millennia.Different antidiabetic Chinese herbal medicines re-duce blood sugar,with their effective ingredients exerting unique advantages.As well as a glucose lowering effect,TCM also regulates bodily functions to prevent diabetes associated complications,with reduced side effects compared to western synthetic drugs.Chinese herbal medicine is usually composed of polysaccharides,saponins,al-kaloids,flavonoids,and terpenoids.These active ingredients reduce blood sugar via various mechanism of actions that include boosting endogenous insulin secretion,enhancing insulin sensitivity and adjusting key enzyme activity and scavenging free radicals.These actions regulate glycolipid metabolism in the body,eventually achiev-ing the goal of normalizing blood glucose.Using different animal models,a number of molecular markers are available for the detection of diabetes induction and the molecular pathology of the disease is becoming clearer.Nonetheless,there is a dearth of scientific data about the pharmacology,dose-effect relationship,and structure-activity relationship of TCM and its constituents.Further research into the efficacy,toxicity and mode of action of TCM,using different metabolic and molecular markers,is key to developing novel TCM antidiabetic formulations.
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFD0400200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31972102,31671881,and 31901683)+4 种基金Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology(No.cstc2018jcyj A0939)Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Demonstration Project(No.cstc2018jscx-msyb X0204)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.XDJK2019B028)Innovation Program for Chongqing’s Overseas Returnees(cx2019072)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(SWU 019009)。
文摘Ultraviolet(UV)-induced photoaging skin has become an urgent issue.The functional foods and cosmetics aiming to improve skin photoaging are developing rapidly,and the demand is gradually increasing year by year.Collagen peptides have been proven to display diverse physiological activities,such as excellent moisture retention activity,hygroscopicity,tyrosinase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity,which indicates that they have great potential in amelioration of UV-induced photoaging.The main objective of this article is to recap the main mechanisms to improve photoaging skin by collagen peptides and their physiological activities in photo-protection.Furthermore,the extraction and structural characteristics of collagen peptides are overviewed.More importantly,some clinical trials on the beneficial effect on skin of collagen peptides are also discussed.In addition,prospects and challenges of collagen peptides are emphatically elucidated in this review.This article implies that collagen peptides have great potential as an effective ingredient in food and cosmetics industry with a wide application prospect.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51764022)the Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation(No.161046)+3 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M673551XB)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central UniversitiesChina(No.2020XJHH04)the Yueqi Outstanding Scholar Award of China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)。
文摘Ilmenite is an essential mineral for the extraction of titanium.Conventional physical separation methods have difficulty recovering fine ilmenite,and dressing plants have begun applying flotation to recover ilmenite.The interaction of reagent groups with Ti and Fe sites on the ilmenite surface dramatically influences the ilmenite flotation.However,the investigation on Fe sites has received more attention because the activity of Ti is lower than that of Fe.For the activators on ilmenite flotation,most are metal ions but typically lead ions.The metal ions of activators promote ilmenite flotation by increasing the active sites on the ilmenite surface.Combined reagents have a better selective separation of ilmenite than single reagents due to their synergistic effect.Combining the lead ion(Pb^(2+))and the benzyl hydroxamic acid(BHA)into a Pb-BHA complex has a marked effect on ilmenite flotation,which puts forward a new idea of developing combined reagents for ilmenite flotation.This review considers reagent types and action mechanisms in ilmenite flotation.On the basis of the analysis of previous research,a brief future outlook of reagent types and action mechanisms in ilmenite flotation is also proposed in this study.
文摘The effects of several collectors and their dosage on pure ilmenorutile atdifferent pH values were studied and the collecting strength of several representative collectorswas investigated. The experimental results indicate that diphosphonic acid is a good collector forilmenorutile and the recovery of ilmenorutile ranges from 90.87 percent to 91.70 percent when thepulp pH value is 2.0-4.0 and the dosage is 75 mg/L. The sequence of collecting ability for severalcollectors is as follows: diphosphonic acid> TF279 > cyclic allryl hydroximic acid > benzyl arsenicacid> salicylic hydroximic acid> alkyl hydroximic acid. Meanwhile, IAS (infrared absorptionspectrum) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) were used to detect and analyze the actionmechanism of diphosphonic acid on ilmenorutile. IAS results showed that the characteristicabsorption peak relating to P=O as well as P-O vibration occurred between wave numeber 1140 and 1032cm^(-1), and diphosphonic acid had adsorbed on the surface of ilmenorutile. XPS results indicatedthat the binding energy of P2P peak of ilmenorutile had changed 0.45 eV after treated bydiphosphonic acid. This proves that the adsorption is mainly chemical adsorption.
基金Project(2005DFA50550) supported by International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of ChinaProject(2005CB623705) supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘In order to investigate the existing form and action mechanism of minor scandium （Sc） and zirconium （Zr） in AI-Cu-Mg alloy, microstructures of Al-4Cu-1Mg-Sc-Zr alloy under different conditions, including states of as-cast, homogenized, hot-rolled, as-solution and natural aged, were observed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffractometry （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. It is revealed that Sc and Zr are completely dissolved into the supersaturated solid solution in as-cast ingot, but grain refinement is not observed. Coffee-bean-like AI3（Sc, Zr） particles deposit during homogenization of ingot induce an increase in hardness. Al3（Sc, Zr） particles are slightly coarsened in as-solution samples, but they still maintain coherent to matrix, which indicates a high thermal stability of these particles. Good coherency ofAl3（Sc, Zr） particles makes some benefits for inhibiting recrystallization and reserving work-hardening.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 51075366）
文摘The inclusion complex of fl-cyclodextrin （β-CD） and sulfurized isobutylene （T321） was prepared with a co-precipitation method. The tribological properties of the complex with different concentrations were investigated by a four-ball tester in the solution of polyethylene glycol-600 （PEG-600）. The experimental results suggest that the complex exhibits better anti-friction and anti-wear properties than fl-CD under different load conditions. The tribo-system shows the least friction coefficient when the concentration of the complex is 0.8%. During the friction process, the complex was decomposed into various molecular fragments and the T321 molecules were released onto the friction interface to provide effective lubrication. The XPS analytical results on the worn surfaces reveal that sulfide film formed by the released T321 plays a major role, and the iron alkoxide and carbon deposition films formed by the β-CD fragments have better anti-friction effect on the sulfide film surface. The interactions of different films result in the formation of a mixed boundary lubrication film.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(52203066,51973157,51673148 and 51678411)the Science and Technology Plans of Tianjin,China(19PTSYJC00010)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Grant,China(2019M651047)the Tianjin Research Innovation Project for Postgraduate Students,China(2020YJSB062)the Tianjin Municipal College Student’Innovation And Entrepreneurship Training Program,China(202110058052)the National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students,China(202110058017)。
文摘Non-renewable fossil fuels have led to serious problems such as global warming,environmental pollution,etc.Oxygen electrocatalysis including oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)plays a central role in clean energy conversion,enabling a number of sustainable processes for future air battery technologies.Fluorine,as the most electronegative element(4.0)not only can induce more efficient regulation for the electronic structure,but also can bring more abundant defects and other novel effects in materials selection and preparation for favorable catalysis with respect to the other nonmetal elements.However,an individual and comprehensive overview of fluorine-containing functional materials for oxygen electrocatalysis field is still blank.Therefore,it is very meaningful to review the recent progresses of fluorine-containing oxygen electrocatalysts.In this review,we first systematically summarize the controllable preparation methods and their possible development directions based on fluorine-containing materials from four preparation methods.Due to the strong electron-withdrawing properties of fluorine,its control of the electronic structure can effectively enhance the oxygen electrocatalytic activity of the materials.In addition,the catalytic enhancement effect of fluorine on carbonbased materials also includes the prevent oxidation and the layer peeling,and realizes the precise atomic control.And the catalytic improvement mechanism of fluorine containing metal-based compounds also includes the hydration of metal site,the crystal transformation,and the oxygen vacancy induction.Then,based on their various dimensions(0D–3D),we also have summarized the advantages of different morphologies on oxygen electrocatalytic performances.Finally,the prospects and possible future researching direction of F-containing oxygen electrocatalysts are presented(e.g.,novel pathways,advanced methods for measurement and simulation,field assistance and multi-functions).The review is considered valuable and helpful in exploring the novel designs and mechanism analyses of advanced fluorine-containing electrocatalysts.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51075366)
文摘The inclusion complex of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and sulfurized isobutylene (T321) was prepared with a co-precipitation method. The tribological properties of the complex with different concentrations were investigated by a four-ball tester in the solution of polyethylene glycol-600 (PEG-600). The experimental results suggest that the complex exhibits better anti-friction and anti-wear properties than β-CD under different load conditions. The tribo-system shows the least friction coefficient when the concentration of the complex is 0.8%. During the friction process, the complex was decomposed into various molecular fragments and the T321 molecules were released onto the friction interface to provide effective lubrication. The XPS analytical results on the worn surfaces reveal that sulfide film formed by the released T321 plays a major role, and the iron alkoxide and carbon deposition films formed by the β-CD fragments have better anti-friction effect on the sulfide film surface. The interactions of different films result in the formation of a mixed boundary lubrication film.
基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Lanzhou City(2018-1-117).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the molecular mechanism of Sanzi Yangqin Decoction in the treatment of bronchial asthma based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.[Methods]The components of Fructus Perillae,Semen Raphani and Semen Sinapis three traditional Chinese medicine-related components and targets of Feiduqing Sanzi Yangqin Decoction were obtained using Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),and the targets of bronchial asthma were obtained using Genecards and OMIM databases.Sanzi Yangqin Decoction"drug-active ingredient-target-disease"network was established with the aid of Cytoscape 3.7.2 software and network topology analysis was carried out.The gene ontology(GO)function enrichment analysis and the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed by DAVID.The top 3 components and targets in the network topology analysis were respectively molecularly docked.[Results]Through network analysis,4 key active components were obtained,mainly luteolin,arachidonic acid,β-carotene,etc.;5 key targets,mainly NCOA2,PGR,PTGS2,etc.Through GO analysis,523 items(P<0.05)were obtained,including 396 items in biological process(BP),53 items in cell composition(CC),and 74 items in molecular function(MF).KEGG analysis generated 144 signal pathways(P<0.05),involving PI3K-Akt signal pathway,human cytomegalovirus infection,Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus infection,proteoglycans in cancer,prostate cancer,etc.The results of molecular docking showed that core active compounds such as luteolin andβ-carotene in Sanzi Yangqin Decoction had good affinity with NCOA2,PGR,PTGS2 and other target genes,which were similar to clinically recommended chemical drugs.[Conclusions]The active compounds luteolin and carotene in Sanzi Yangqin Decoction may mainly bind to targets such as NCOA2,PGR,PTGS2,and regulate multiple signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt to play a role in treating bronchial asthma.It is intended to provide new ideas for the clinical application and research of Sanzi Yangqin Decoction.
基金supported by the National Key Research Project(2020YFE0201800)Henan Province Science and Technology Program for Tackling Key Problems(21210230347)2021 Postgraduate Scientifc Re-search Innovation Progrpm of Henan Universityof Chinese Medicine(2021KYCX008).
文摘Objective Our objective was to analyze the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome and treatment laws of diabetic kidney disease(DKD)and the action mechanism of high-frequency Chinese herbs in the treatment of DKD based on realworldstudy.MethodsThe data of patients with DKD who had been treated in the First Hospital Affiliated to Henan Universityof ChineseMedicine from January1,2014to December 31,2021 were retrospectively analyzed through the hospital information management system.The contents of the cases were statistically analyzed using IBM SPsS Statistics 25 software,and the laws of DKDtreatment were summarized.Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to analyze the action mechanism of high-frequency Chinese herbs in the treatment of DKD.ResultsThe data of a total of 1,201 patients with DKD were included,involving 72 kinds of TCM syndromes.Nine disease nature elements and six disease location elements were extracted,involving 405 Chinese herbs.The top five high-frequency Chinese herbs were Baizhu(Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma),Fuling(Poria),Huangqi(Astragali Radix),Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma),and Danshen(Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).Thirty kinds of Chinese herbs with the frequency of≥100 were mainly deficiency-tonifying herbs and blood-activating and stasis-eliminating herbs.The medicinal properties were mainly warm and mild,and the medicinal flavors were sweet and bitter mostly.For the meridian tropism,the main meridian tropism of these herbs is spleen meridian and lung meridian.The clustering method.
文摘ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to explore the molecular mechanism of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica)in the treatment of glioblastoma(GBM)by using the methods of bioinformatics and network pharmacology.Methods The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP)and literature retrieval method were applied to obtain the active ingredients of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica),and to predict the relevant targets of the active ingredients.The GBM-related targets were retrieved and screened through the Gene Expression Profling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA)database,and mapped to each other with the targets of the components of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica)to obtain the intersection targets.The GBM differentially expressed gene targets were imported into the String database to obtain the protein interaction relationship,the Cytoscape software was used to draw the protein interaction network,the Cytobba and MCODE plug-ins were used to screen the core genes and important protein interaction modules,and the GEPIA database was applied to make survival analysis of the core genes.The network map of“active ingredients-targets”was constructed through the Cytoscape 3.6.1 software.Gene Ontology(GO)biological function enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)signaling pathway enrichment analysis for GBM differentially expressed genes were performed through the DAVID database.ResultsThrough TCMSP and literature retrieval,23 potential active ingredients and 129 related targets were obtained from Yadanzi(Brucea javanica).In the GEPIA database,247 GBM differentially expressed genes were screened,including 113 upregulated genes and 134 downregulated genes.After mapping with the targets related to the active ingredients of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica),six intersection targets were obtained,that is,the potential action targets of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica)in treating GBM,including MMP2,HMOX1,BIRC5,EGFR,CCNB2,and TOP2A.Cytoscape software was applied to build an“active ingredient-action target”network.Two active ingredients and five action targets of β-sitosterol(BS)and luteolin were found,and the targets were mainly concentrated in BS.It was found by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis that GBM differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in signaling pathways related to Staphylococcus aureus infection,phagosome formation,tuberculosis and systemic lupus erythematosus and other infectious and autoimmune diseases.It was found by GO enrichment analysis that the GBM differentially expressed genes mainly involved such biological processes(BP)as the processing and presentation of exogenous antigenic peptides and polysaccharide antigens through MHC Il molecules,y-interferon-mediated signaling pathways,extracellular matrix composition,and chemical synapses transmission;it involved cellular components such as cell junctions,axon terminal buttons,extracellular space,vesicle membranes for endocytosis,and MHC Il protein complexes;molecular functions such as calcium-mediated ionic protein binding,MHC Il molecular receptor activity,immunoglobulin binding,and phospholipase inhibitor activity were also involved.Survival analysis was conducted by GEPIA on the top 37 core targets in degree value,and a total of five genes related to GBM prognosis were obtained.Among them,FN1 and MMP2 were highly expressed while GABRD(v-aminobutyric acid A receptor delta subunit),RBFOX1,and SLC6A7 were expressed at a low level in cancer patients.Conclusion The pathogenesis of GBM is closely related to the human immune system,and BS and luteolin may be the main material basis of Yadanzi(Brucea javanica)for the treatment of GBM and the improvement of prognosis.The molecular mechanism may be related to the physical barrier formed by destroying the tumor cell stromal 68 Treatment of Glioblastoma Based on Bioinformatics and Network Pharmacology Zhao,Si.molecules and its involvement in tumor immune response.
基金Project of Master Alloy Manufacture for Heat Resistant Stainiess Steel Production(No.AA18242003)funded by the Provincial Govermment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous District is sincerely acknowledged。
文摘In consideration of the abundant moisture of limonitic nickel laterite mined,it is essential to determine whether the selfpossessed moisture of limonitic nickel laterite after pre-dried is appropriate for sintering.Thus,based on the characterization of limonitic nickel laterite,the influence of its self-possessed moisture on sintering performance was expounded by sinter pot tests and the relevant mechanism was revealed by the systematical analyses of the granulation properties of sinter mixture,thermodynamic conditions during sintering and mineralogy of product sinter.The results indicate that the selfpossessed moisture of limonitic nickel laterite indeed has significant infuence on its sintering performance.At the optimum self-possessed moisture of 21 mass%,sinter indices are relatively better with tumble index,productivity and solid fuel rate of 48.87%,1.04 t m^(-2) h^(-1)and 136.52 kg t^(-1),respectively,due to the superior granulation properties of sinter mixture and thermodynamic conditions during sintering,relatively large amount of silico-ferrite of calcium and alumina and tighter sinter microstructure.However,sintering performance of limonitic nickel laterite is still much poorer than that of ordinary iron ores.It is feasible to strengthen limonitic nickel laterite sintering by inhibiting the over-fast sintering speed and improving the thermodynamic conditions during sintering.
基金Supported by Special Key R&D Project for COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention and Control of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(2020XGFY0013).
文摘[Objectives]To collect the main active components and targets of baicalein,and to explore the relationship between their targets and COVID-19 and the treatment mechanism of potential unknown targets.[Methods]The 2D and 3D structures of baicalein(CAS:491-67-8)were obtained by searching Pubchem.The predicted target of baicalein was obtained through the Pharmapper website,and the species specific target was obtained by SEA search server.The COVID-19 related genes were obtained in Genecards and OMIM.The Draw Venny Diagram online program was used to establish the visualized network map of“drug-disease-target”with baicalein monomer target and disease common target and Cytoscape(3.7.2)software.The COVID-19 gene was constructed by using Cytoscape plug-in Bisogenet,and protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed by using the baicalein COVID-19 gene.The CytoNCA topology was used to analyze the network topology and construct the core network.The core network genes were analyzed by GO and KEGG.[Results]Through screening,a total of 358 effective target genes of baicalein,23 common targets of baicalein-COVID-19,and 80 genes of PPI core network were obtained.The total of 1648 GO biological processes including DNA metabolism,positive regulation,intracellular receptor signaling pathway,transforming growth factorβreceptor signaling pathway,regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway,RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding,and 115 KEGG-related signaling pathways involving cell cycle pathways,viral oncogenic pathways,Hepatitis B pathway,Hepatitis C pathway,PI3K-Akt pathway,and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis,etc.[Conclusions]The effect of baicalein on COVID-19 reflects the characteristics of multiple targets,and it can also regulate the occurrence and development of COVID-19 through various channels.This study is expected to provide a certain basis for subsequent experiments.
基金Supported by Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(819QN223).
文摘Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a kind of mental disorder caused by severe traumatic events.It has a high incidence,a serious of impacts on the physical and mental health of patients.Especially in the current situation of COVID-19,the researches on PTSD are particularly important,but the choice of drugs available for PTSD is limited and it is often accompanied by adverse reactions.In the field of acupuncture,there are many clinical research evidences suggested that PTSD is a predominant disease of acupuncture.However,its action mechanisms have not been fully elucidated,so the possible mechanisms of acupuncture in treating PTSD were discussed.
文摘Based on Mongolian medical theory and modern pharmacology,literature on the main components and action mechanism of Hatageqi-7 in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcer is collected,sorted and summarized.The research hopes to provide certain basis for its clinical efficacy from theory.
