Objective Proprionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)-induced inflammatory responses,proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes contribute to the progression of acne vulgaris(AV).P.acnes was found to enhance the product...Objective Proprionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)-induced inflammatory responses,proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes contribute to the progression of acne vulgaris(AV).P.acnes was found to enhance the production of interleukin-8(IL-8)by keratinocytes.This study aimed to investigate the role of IL-8 in P.acnes-induced proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes and the underlying mechanism.Methods The P.acnes-stimulated HaCaT cell(a human keratinocyte cell line)model was established.Western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed to detect the expression of the IL-8 receptors C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1(CXCR1)and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2(CXCR2)on HaCaT cells.Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine(EdU)assay and Western blotting were performed to examine the effects of IL-8/CXCR2 axis on the proliferation and differentiation of HaCaT cells treated with P.acnes,the IL-8 neutralizing antibody,the CXCR2 antagonist(SB225002),or the CXCR1/CXCR2 antagonist(G31P).Western blotting,nuclear and cytoplasmic separation,CCK-8 assay,and EdU assay were employed to determine the downstream pathway of CXCR2 after P.acnes-stimulated HaCaT cells were treated with the CXCR2 antagonist,the protein kinase B(AKT)antagonist(AZD5363),or the constitutively active forkhead box O1(FOXO1)mutant.Finally,autophagy markers were measured in HaCaT cells following the transfection of the FOXO1 mutant or treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine(3-MA).Results The expression levels of CXCR1 and CXCR2 were significantly increased on the membrane of HaCaT cells following P.acnes stimulation.The IL-8/CXCR2 axis predominantly promoted the proliferation and differentiation of P.acnes-induced HaCaT cells by activating AKT/FOXO1/autophagy signaling.In brief,IL-8 bound to its receptor CXCR2 on the membrane of keratinocytes to activate the AKT/FOXO1 axis.Subsequently,phosphorylated FOXO1 facilitated autophagy to promote the proliferation and differentiation of P.acnes-induced keratinocytes.Conclusion This study demonstrated the novel autocrine effect of IL-8 on the proliferation and differentiation of P.acnes-induced keratinocytes,suggesting a potential therapeutic target for AV.展开更多
Background:Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin diseases that can significantly impact a considerable proportion of individuals over their lifetime.Objective:This study focuses on the exploration of the applic...Background:Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin diseases that can significantly impact a considerable proportion of individuals over their lifetime.Objective:This study focuses on the exploration of the application potential of bamboo vinegar in cosmetics.Materials and Methods:The stock solution of bamboo vinegar is subjected to reduced-pressure distillation at different temperatures to obtain refined bamboo vinegar.Then,inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)by refined bamboo vinegar is observed.Moreover,the refined bamboo vinegar is adsorbed and released with activated bamboo charcoal as the carrier.In all,this study aims to probe into the mechanism of the controlledrelease system of bamboo vinegar.Results:The results shows that the harmful substances(tar)in bamboo vinegar distilled at 70℃decreased by 94.44%,which is a more notable decrease compared with that in the stock solution.The total organic acid content in bamboo vinegar after reduced-pressure distillation is 11.840%,reaching the national standard for refined bamboo vinegar(GB/T 31734–2015).Additionally,the minimum inhibitory concentration of refined bamboo vinegar against P.acnes using the punch method is 7.90 mg/mL.This indicates that refined bamboo vinegar has the potential as a prospective raw material for formulations in anti-acne cosmetic products.Furthermore,the release rate of bamboo charcoal/bamboo vinegar in water for 15 min reaches 70.57%,which then slows down to a plateau.The slow-release behavior is agreed with the Ritger-Peppas model and is beneficial to relieve the irritation of bamboo vinegar to the skin and lengthen its bacteriostatic duration.Conclusion:The foregoing conclusions can serve as the theoretical foundation for the application of bamboo vinegar in anti-acne cosmetics.展开更多
Objective:Propionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)plays an important role in the development of acne,an inflammatory skin disease with a high-incidence.In this study,we used high-throughput RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)to reveal th...Objective:Propionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)plays an important role in the development of acne,an inflammatory skin disease with a high-incidence.In this study,we used high-throughput RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)to reveal the anti-inflammatory mechanism of baicalin on P.acnes-induced acne in rabbits.Methods:The Kligman method was used to induce acne in the ears of New Zealand rabbits.The effect of baicalin on the acne model was evaluated by the number of acne lesions and hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining of acne tissues.Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay was used to measure the protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor a(TNFA),interleukin-1 b(IL1B),IL6,and IL8 in the serum of rabbits.RNA-seq was performed to investigate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activities of baicalin on acne.Immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot were used to validate the expression levels of related proteins in acne tissues.Results:Baicalin treatment significantly reduced the number of acne lesions and lesions of the ear as well as levels of serum inflammatory cytokines.RNA-seq data showed that baicalin treatment globally suppressed inflammation,especially the TNF signaling pathway and Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway,in the rabbit acne model.Conclusion: Baicalin effectively ameliorates P. acnes-induced acne in rabbits by suppressingthe inflammatory response in rabbits.展开更多
Recently medical cosmetic has attracted significant business opportunity. Micro cosmetic surgery usually involves invasive cosmetic procedures such as non-ablative laser procedure for skin rejuvenation. However, to se...Recently medical cosmetic has attracted significant business opportunity. Micro cosmetic surgery usually involves invasive cosmetic procedures such as non-ablative laser procedure for skin rejuvenation. However, to select an appropriate treatment for skin relies on accurate preoperative evaluations. In this paper, an automatic facial skin defects detection and recognition method is proposed. The system first locates the facial region from the input image. Then, the shapes of faces were recognized using a contour descriptor. The facial features are extracted to define regions of interest and an image segment method is used to extract potential defect. A support-vector-machine-based classifier is then used to classify the potential defects into spots, acnes and normal skin. Experimental results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial effect of a self-designed acne-relieving Chinese herbal formula and prepare a kind of acne-removing soap according to the antibacterial effect.[Met...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial effect of a self-designed acne-relieving Chinese herbal formula and prepare a kind of acne-removing soap according to the antibacterial effect.[Methods]Chinese herbs Lonicera japonica,Taraxacum mongolicum,Scutellaria baicalensis,Angelica dahurica,Centella asiatica and Aloe vera,were decocted with water,and the antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus albus,Candida albicans and Propionibacterium acnei were tested by inhibition zone experiments.The soap base was prepared by saponification of coconut oil,palm oil,hazelnut oil and sodium hydroxide,and then the herbal liquid was added into the soap.[Results]The liquid had bacteriostatic effect on S.aureus,S.albus and P.acnes,but no inhibitory effect on C.albicans.The best bacteriostatic effect on S.aureus and S.albus was achieved at 330 mg/ml,and the best bacteriostatic effect on P.acnes was at 160 mg/ml.[Conclusions]The Chinese herbal formula has antibacterial effect.The handmade soap made from the Chinese herbal formula has the characteristics of smooth surface,moderate hardness,fine texture,rich foam and fresh smell.展开更多
To verify the inhibitory ability of the combination on the biofilm production of Propionibacterium acnes and its ameliorative effect on facial acne problems.The ability of the combination to inhibit the biofilm format...To verify the inhibitory ability of the combination on the biofilm production of Propionibacterium acnes and its ameliorative effect on facial acne problems.The ability of the combination to inhibit the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes was verified by suspension quantification and crystal violet staining,and then 60 effective volunteers were selected for the efficacy measurement of topical acne elimination combinations+bases for 4 consecutive weeks,which were measured by a professional instrument,and the volunteers’facial acne lesion areas and acne lesion colours were evaluated respectively.In vitro tests verified that the combination can inhibit the formation of P.acnes biofilm and will not completely kill P.acnes and will not disrupt the micro-ecological balance of the skin;3%and 5%acne combinations can reduce the biofilm of P.acnes by 61.3%and 61.6%respectively;after 4 weeks of continuous use,the area of acne lesions of the samples with 5%acne combinations decreased by 54.61%and the colour of acne lesions decreased by 54.61%compared with the area of acne lesions before the use of the combination.54.61%,acne lesion colour a^(*)decreased by 13.74%,and the subjects’self-assessment of the mildness and non-irritation of the samples in the test group had a 100%agreement rate.The acne combination can improve acne problems by inhibiting the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes,and has a mild and effective acne elimination effect.展开更多
This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, China. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the...This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, China. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the cultured P. acnes were determined in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Susceptibilities to clindamycin and erythromycin were compared in terms of gender, age, disease duration, previous treatment, and disease severity. A total of 69 P. acnes strains were isolated from 98 patients （70.41%）. The susceptibility to triple antibiotic ointment （neomycin/bacitracin/polymyxin B） and bacitracin was 100%. The susceptibility to fusidic acid was 92.7%. The resistance rates to neomycin sulfate, erythromycin, and clindamycin were 11.7%, 49.3%, and 33.4%, respectively. The high resistance rate to clindamycin and erythromycin was significantly affected by gender, previous treatment, and disease severity rather than by age and disease duration. Topical antibiotics should not be used separately for long-term therapy to avoid multiresistance. The use of topical antibiotics should be determined by clinicians on the basis of clinical conditions.展开更多
Objectives:The wide use of antibiotics for acne is the main cause of drug-resistant Cutibacterium acnes.However,the complete genetic sequence reference of C.acnes has not yet been reported.Herein,we report the complet...Objectives:The wide use of antibiotics for acne is the main cause of drug-resistant Cutibacterium acnes.However,the complete genetic sequence reference of C.acnes has not yet been reported.Herein,we report the complete genetic sequence of Cutibacterium acnes type strain ATCC6919.Methods:Whole-genome sequencing of Cutibacterium acnes ATCC6919 was performed using both the Illumina Hiseq4000 and PacBio RSII single-molecule real-time sequencing platforms.The generated sequence reads were de novo assembled using the HGAP3 protocol of single-molecule real-time analysis v.2.3.0 software.The draft genome was annotated and further analyzed by various bioinformatics tools.Results:The total genome length of Cutibacterium acnes ATCC6919 was 2,495,001 bp(60.02%G+C content),with 2,450 coding sequences including 2,358 proteins,45 tRNAs,9 rRNAs,and 1 sRNA.The Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database showed that the gene(thy A)found in ATCC6919 was associated with resistance to aminosalicylic acid.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that this isolate was not sensitive to metronidazole and sulfamethoxazole,but was sensitive to all other tested antimicrobials(erythromycin,azithromycin,clarithromycin,tetracycline,minocycline,trimethoprim,levofloxacin,ceftriaxone,and doxycycline).Conclusion:This study reports the complete genome sequence of Cutibacterium acnes ATCC6919,which provides a valuable reference for comparative analysis based on the genomic characteristics and resistance gene diversity of Cutibacterium acnes.展开更多
Objective Little information is available to guide treatment strategies regarding patients with unexpected positive cultures （UPC）,including Propionibacterium acnes （PA）,without overt signs of infection in revisio...Objective Little information is available to guide treatment strategies regarding patients with unexpected positive cultures （UPC）,including Propionibacterium acnes （PA）,without overt signs of infection in revision shoulder arthroplasty （RSA）.The purpose of our study was to analyze the prevalence,clinical meaning,treatment and prognosis of UPC in RSA.Data sources and study selection We performed a systematic review of the literature between 1950 and 2013 for all studies reporting on UPC for PA.Studies with the prevalence and prognosis of patients with UPC in RSA were analyzed.Results Six studies meeting our inclusion criteria yielded data for 1 402 patients who underwent a total of 1405 RSA.Based on the available data,following RSA 235 shoulders had UPCs with a pooled percentage of 16.7％ （235/1405）.The most commonly isolated bacteria from shoulders following RSA with UPCs was PA with pooled percentages of 63.4％ （149/235）.Occurrence of true infection from UPCs after RSA was seen in 24 shoulders （24/235,10.2％）.Antibiotic use did not influence the rate of the occurrence of true infection from UPCs （P=0.498）.Conclusions Our study showed a low risk of having a true infection from UPCs after RSA without clinical signs of preoperative infection at the time of the surgery.Therefore,prolonged antibiotic therapy may not be necessary in these patients.展开更多
Cutibacterium acnes were used to induce lipase production,and to establish ex-vivo skin model of inflammatory response and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation,in purpose of exploring the mechanism of chamomilla recuti...Cutibacterium acnes were used to induce lipase production,and to establish ex-vivo skin model of inflammatory response and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation,in purpose of exploring the mechanism of chamomilla recutita extract.Clinical study was designed to investigate the effects of chamomilla recutita extract on Chinese volunteers with sequelae of adult acne,by evaluating the severity of acne,post-acne erythema and pigmentation,skin basic physiological conditions.The results showed that chamomilla recutita extract inhibited lipase activity,cellular inflammatory response,and melanin production.In the clinical study,the acnes were relieved 173%,with a 78%lower post-acne erythema index and 202%less hyperpigmentation as compared to placebo,after applying samples containing 1%chamomilla recutita extract for 28 days.Meanwhile,chamomilla recutita extract showed instant oil control effect.The extract significantly reduced sebum secretion by 293%,increased skin moisture content by 102%,and strengthened the skin barrier by 193%after 28 days application,which provided favorable skin physiological basis for the prevention and improvement of acne vulgaris and sequelae.展开更多
BACKGROUND Synovitis,acne,pustulosis,hyperostosis,and osteitis(SAPHO)syndrome,a rare inflammatory disease,was described in 1987 by Chamot et al,who identified its common characteristics and transitional forms through ...BACKGROUND Synovitis,acne,pustulosis,hyperostosis,and osteitis(SAPHO)syndrome,a rare inflammatory disease,was described in 1987 by Chamot et al,who identified its common characteristics and transitional forms through case reports.The inci-dence rate is now 1 in 10000 among Caucasians and 0.00144 in 10000 among Japanese.Pneumothorax occurs when gas enters the pleural cavity,typically due to lung disease or chest trauma,and is characterized as either spontaneous or traumatic.Spontaneous pneumothorax is commonly linked to congenital lung tissue abnormalities or lung conditions,such as ruptured pulmonary bullae,emphysema,and bronchial asthma.Respiratory involvement in SAPHO syn-drome has historically been noted.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 44-year-old male patient who had previously been diagnosed with SAPHO syndrome.Following a two-year cessation of methotrexate therapy,he experienced recurrent anterior chest wall and joint pain accompanied by dyspnea.We conducted a comprehensive examination for the patient,which included physical examination,laboratory tests,and imaging studies.The clinical presentation and treatment outcomes suggest that his pneumothorax was related to an episode of SAPHO syndrome.We performed closed thoracic drainage surgery for the patient and treated his symptoms with etoricoxib(60 mg daily).Upon discharge,methotrexate was prescribed again.In subsequent follow-ups,there was no recurrence of joint and respiratory symptoms observed in the patient.CONCLUSION SAPHO syndrome has been proposed as a transitional stage between ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis.One study reported a 0.29%incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with ankylosing spondylitis,higher than in the general population.Additionally,30%of patients with SAPHO syndrome test positive for HLA-B27,an antigen linked to ankylosing spondylitis.Symptomatically,some patients with SAPHO syndrome meet diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis,with sternoclavicular joint involvement and paravertebral ossific-ations resembling syndesmophytes in ankylosing spondylitis.These features suggest a possible linked between SAPHO syndrome and ankylosing spondylitis.展开更多
AIM:To investigate ocular surface disorders and tear function changes in patients with acne vulgaris and explore the potential relationship between acne vulgaris and dry eye.METHODS:This cross-sectional study included...AIM:To investigate ocular surface disorders and tear function changes in patients with acne vulgaris and explore the potential relationship between acne vulgaris and dry eye.METHODS:This cross-sectional study included right eyes of 53 patients with acne vulgaris and 54 healthy controls.The participants completed the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire.The following ocular surface-related parameters were measured:tear meniscus height(TMH),noninvasive tear breakup time(NIBUT),Schirmer I test(SIT),lipid layer thickness(LLT)score of the tear film,meibum score,meibomian gland orifice obstruction score,the ratio of meibomian gland loss,conjunctival hyperemia score,and corneal fluorescein staining(CFS)score.RESULTS:The stability of the tear film decreased in acne vulgaris patients.In the acne group,the TMH and NIBUT were lower,whereas the OSDI,meibum score,meibomian gland orifice obstruction score,ratio of meibomian gland loss,and conjunctival hyperemia score were higher compared with controls(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the CFS score,SIT,or LLT score between the groups(P>0.05).In two dry eye groups,the TMH,NIBUT,and LLT score were lower in the acne with dry eye(acne-DE)group,and the meibum score,meibomian gland orifice obstruction score,ratio of meibomian gland loss and conjunctival hyperemia score in the acne-DE group were higher(P<0.05).There were no significant differences between OSDI,SIT,and CFS score(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Patients with moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris are more likely to experience dry eye than those without acne vulgaris.Reduced tear film stability and meibomian gland structure dysfunction are more pronounced in patients with moderate-to-severe acne and dry eye.展开更多
Insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)is considered as a pathogenic factor contributing to sebaceous gland dysfunction,which leads to acne vulgaris.Paeoniflorin(Pae),a bioactive monomer derived from total glycosides of p...Insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)is considered as a pathogenic factor contributing to sebaceous gland dysfunction,which leads to acne vulgaris.Paeoniflorin(Pae),a bioactive monomer derived from total glycosides of paeony,has shown potential in treating various diseases.However,its anti-acne effects on human sebocytes are not well understood.In this study,we investigated the effects of Pae on acne development induced by IGF-1 in SZ95 sebocytes.Following IGF-1 stimulation,SZ95 sebocytes were exposed to Pae and then determined for proliferation,cell cycle,apoptosis,lipogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion.We also analyzed the expression of proteins involved in the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 and JAK2/STAT3 pathways.In vitro experiments demonstrated that Pae significantly inhibited colony formation,induced G1/S cell cycle arrest,promoted apoptosis,inhibited lipogenesis and cytokine synthesis in IGF-1-treated SZ95 sebocytes.Furthermore,Pae suppressed the phosphorylation of Akt,FoxO1,JAK2,and STAT3.Importantly,the sebo-suppressive and anti-inflammatory effects of Pae were enhanced by blocking PI3K and JAK2.In summary,our findings suggest that Pae has potent anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in SZ95 sebocytes.Additionally,Pae effectively protects against IGF-1-induced lipogenesis and inflammation by targeting the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways.展开更多
Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been passed down for more than 2,000 years.TCM beauty products driven by the principles of identification and treatment with various dosage forms and exhibit mild and safe efficacy...Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been passed down for more than 2,000 years.TCM beauty products driven by the principles of identification and treatment with various dosage forms and exhibit mild and safe efficacy are bound to become a main component of the beauty industry in the future.Xu once commented that“Qian Jin Fang”is different from the traditional prescription system,which emphasizes the use of medicines.In this paper,we mainly selected the prescriptions for the treatment of disfigurement diseases such as acne,scarring,black dryness,face hyperpigmentation,black mole,and rosacea from the article titled,“Upper Seven Orifices Disease-Facial Medicine IX”in the Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang[1].By studying and analyzing the original composition of the formula,understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease,and exploring the characteristics of the formula concerning the efficacy of TCM,their properties,flavors,and meridians,we summarized the characteristics of the Qian Jin Fang.It is based on the external treatment of disfigurement diseases,with a wide variety of drugs,flexibility,and accuracy.This method draws upon analogies while utilizing excipients and harmonizers to focus on the combined healing approach of treatment and nourishment.展开更多
Acne vulgaris ranks as the second most prevalent dermatological condition worldwide,and there are still insufficient safe and reliable drugs to treat it.Cryptotanshinone(CTS),a bioactive compound derived from traditio...Acne vulgaris ranks as the second most prevalent dermatological condition worldwide,and there are still insufficient safe and reliable drugs to treat it.Cryptotanshinone(CTS),a bioactive compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza,has shown promise for treating acne vulgaris due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial and significant anti-inflammatory properties.Nevertheless,its local application is hindered by its low solubility and poor skin permeability.To overcome these challenges,a carrierfree pure drug self-assembled nanosystem is employed,which can specifically modify drug molecules based on the disease type and microenvironment,offering a potential for more effective treatment.We designed and synthesized three distinct structures of cationic CTS-peptide conjugates,creating self-assembled nanoparticles.This study has explored their self-assembly behavior,skin permeation,cellular uptake,and both in vitro and in vivo anti-acne effects.Molecular dynamics simulations revealed these nanoparticles form through intermolecular hydrogen bonding andπ-πstacking interactions.Notably,self-assembled nanoparticles demonstrated enhanced bioavailability with higher skin permeation and cellular uptake rates.Furthermore,the nanoparticles exhibited superior anti-acne effects compared to the parent drug,attributed to heightened antimicrobial activity and significant downregulation of the MAPK/NF-κB pathway,leading to reduced expression of pro-inflammatory factors including TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-8.In summary,the carrier-free self-assembled nanoparticles based on CTS-peptide conjugate effectively address the issue of poor skin bioavailability,offering a promising new approach for acne treatment.展开更多
In this letter,we discuss the topic of necessity of routine laboratory monitoring during isotretinoin treatment for acne.According to Park and colleagues,it is advisable to monitor the levels of triglycerides,alanine ...In this letter,we discuss the topic of necessity of routine laboratory monitoring during isotretinoin treatment for acne.According to Park and colleagues,it is advisable to monitor the levels of triglycerides,alanine aminotransferase,and aspartate aminotransferase every 5 to 6 months.Additionally,the levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein should be checked within the first two months of treatment.Isotretinoin is a commonly prescribed agent mainly used to treat acne.Despite its high effectiveness,it necessitates regular monitoring of laboratory parameters due to its side effect profile.Currently,there remains a lack of consensus on the appropriate frequency for monitoring these parameters during treatment with isotretinoin.This letter will provide insight into this complex and controversial topic.Based on existing literature,we concluded that the incidence of changes in lipid and liver aminotransferase levels during isotretinoin treatment for acne was low and likely clinically insignificant.For generally healthy people,we recommend testing lipid and liver profiles once at baseline and a second time at the peak dosage.However,frequent testing might still be beneficial in certain populations of patients.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82103756).
文摘Objective Proprionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)-induced inflammatory responses,proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes contribute to the progression of acne vulgaris(AV).P.acnes was found to enhance the production of interleukin-8(IL-8)by keratinocytes.This study aimed to investigate the role of IL-8 in P.acnes-induced proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes and the underlying mechanism.Methods The P.acnes-stimulated HaCaT cell(a human keratinocyte cell line)model was established.Western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed to detect the expression of the IL-8 receptors C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1(CXCR1)and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2(CXCR2)on HaCaT cells.Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine(EdU)assay and Western blotting were performed to examine the effects of IL-8/CXCR2 axis on the proliferation and differentiation of HaCaT cells treated with P.acnes,the IL-8 neutralizing antibody,the CXCR2 antagonist(SB225002),or the CXCR1/CXCR2 antagonist(G31P).Western blotting,nuclear and cytoplasmic separation,CCK-8 assay,and EdU assay were employed to determine the downstream pathway of CXCR2 after P.acnes-stimulated HaCaT cells were treated with the CXCR2 antagonist,the protein kinase B(AKT)antagonist(AZD5363),or the constitutively active forkhead box O1(FOXO1)mutant.Finally,autophagy markers were measured in HaCaT cells following the transfection of the FOXO1 mutant or treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine(3-MA).Results The expression levels of CXCR1 and CXCR2 were significantly increased on the membrane of HaCaT cells following P.acnes stimulation.The IL-8/CXCR2 axis predominantly promoted the proliferation and differentiation of P.acnes-induced HaCaT cells by activating AKT/FOXO1/autophagy signaling.In brief,IL-8 bound to its receptor CXCR2 on the membrane of keratinocytes to activate the AKT/FOXO1 axis.Subsequently,phosphorylated FOXO1 facilitated autophagy to promote the proliferation and differentiation of P.acnes-induced keratinocytes.Conclusion This study demonstrated the novel autocrine effect of IL-8 on the proliferation and differentiation of P.acnes-induced keratinocytes,suggesting a potential therapeutic target for AV.
文摘Background:Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin diseases that can significantly impact a considerable proportion of individuals over their lifetime.Objective:This study focuses on the exploration of the application potential of bamboo vinegar in cosmetics.Materials and Methods:The stock solution of bamboo vinegar is subjected to reduced-pressure distillation at different temperatures to obtain refined bamboo vinegar.Then,inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)by refined bamboo vinegar is observed.Moreover,the refined bamboo vinegar is adsorbed and released with activated bamboo charcoal as the carrier.In all,this study aims to probe into the mechanism of the controlledrelease system of bamboo vinegar.Results:The results shows that the harmful substances(tar)in bamboo vinegar distilled at 70℃decreased by 94.44%,which is a more notable decrease compared with that in the stock solution.The total organic acid content in bamboo vinegar after reduced-pressure distillation is 11.840%,reaching the national standard for refined bamboo vinegar(GB/T 31734–2015).Additionally,the minimum inhibitory concentration of refined bamboo vinegar against P.acnes using the punch method is 7.90 mg/mL.This indicates that refined bamboo vinegar has the potential as a prospective raw material for formulations in anti-acne cosmetic products.Furthermore,the release rate of bamboo charcoal/bamboo vinegar in water for 15 min reaches 70.57%,which then slows down to a plateau.The slow-release behavior is agreed with the Ritger-Peppas model and is beneficial to relieve the irritation of bamboo vinegar to the skin and lengthen its bacteriostatic duration.Conclusion:The foregoing conclusions can serve as the theoretical foundation for the application of bamboo vinegar in anti-acne cosmetics.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81430099)International S&T Cooperation Program of China(2014DFA32950).
文摘Objective:Propionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)plays an important role in the development of acne,an inflammatory skin disease with a high-incidence.In this study,we used high-throughput RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)to reveal the anti-inflammatory mechanism of baicalin on P.acnes-induced acne in rabbits.Methods:The Kligman method was used to induce acne in the ears of New Zealand rabbits.The effect of baicalin on the acne model was evaluated by the number of acne lesions and hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining of acne tissues.Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay was used to measure the protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor a(TNFA),interleukin-1 b(IL1B),IL6,and IL8 in the serum of rabbits.RNA-seq was performed to investigate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activities of baicalin on acne.Immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot were used to validate the expression levels of related proteins in acne tissues.Results:Baicalin treatment significantly reduced the number of acne lesions and lesions of the ear as well as levels of serum inflammatory cytokines.RNA-seq data showed that baicalin treatment globally suppressed inflammation,especially the TNF signaling pathway and Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway,in the rabbit acne model.Conclusion: Baicalin effectively ameliorates P. acnes-induced acne in rabbits by suppressingthe inflammatory response in rabbits.
文摘Recently medical cosmetic has attracted significant business opportunity. Micro cosmetic surgery usually involves invasive cosmetic procedures such as non-ablative laser procedure for skin rejuvenation. However, to select an appropriate treatment for skin relies on accurate preoperative evaluations. In this paper, an automatic facial skin defects detection and recognition method is proposed. The system first locates the facial region from the input image. Then, the shapes of faces were recognized using a contour descriptor. The facial features are extracted to define regions of interest and an image segment method is used to extract potential defect. A support-vector-machine-based classifier is then used to classify the potential defects into spots, acnes and normal skin. Experimental results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金Supported by National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine in 2022(202210600026).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial effect of a self-designed acne-relieving Chinese herbal formula and prepare a kind of acne-removing soap according to the antibacterial effect.[Methods]Chinese herbs Lonicera japonica,Taraxacum mongolicum,Scutellaria baicalensis,Angelica dahurica,Centella asiatica and Aloe vera,were decocted with water,and the antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus albus,Candida albicans and Propionibacterium acnei were tested by inhibition zone experiments.The soap base was prepared by saponification of coconut oil,palm oil,hazelnut oil and sodium hydroxide,and then the herbal liquid was added into the soap.[Results]The liquid had bacteriostatic effect on S.aureus,S.albus and P.acnes,but no inhibitory effect on C.albicans.The best bacteriostatic effect on S.aureus and S.albus was achieved at 330 mg/ml,and the best bacteriostatic effect on P.acnes was at 160 mg/ml.[Conclusions]The Chinese herbal formula has antibacterial effect.The handmade soap made from the Chinese herbal formula has the characteristics of smooth surface,moderate hardness,fine texture,rich foam and fresh smell.
文摘To verify the inhibitory ability of the combination on the biofilm production of Propionibacterium acnes and its ameliorative effect on facial acne problems.The ability of the combination to inhibit the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes was verified by suspension quantification and crystal violet staining,and then 60 effective volunteers were selected for the efficacy measurement of topical acne elimination combinations+bases for 4 consecutive weeks,which were measured by a professional instrument,and the volunteers’facial acne lesion areas and acne lesion colours were evaluated respectively.In vitro tests verified that the combination can inhibit the formation of P.acnes biofilm and will not completely kill P.acnes and will not disrupt the micro-ecological balance of the skin;3%and 5%acne combinations can reduce the biofilm of P.acnes by 61.3%and 61.6%respectively;after 4 weeks of continuous use,the area of acne lesions of the samples with 5%acne combinations decreased by 54.61%and the colour of acne lesions decreased by 54.61%compared with the area of acne lesions before the use of the combination.54.61%,acne lesion colour a^(*)decreased by 13.74%,and the subjects’self-assessment of the mildness and non-irritation of the samples in the test group had a 100%agreement rate.The acne combination can improve acne problems by inhibiting the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes,and has a mild and effective acne elimination effect.
基金The paper was supervised by Dr. Kefei Kang. This work was supported by the Scientific Research Project of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University （No. 2013QD07） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81402615）.
文摘This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, China. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the cultured P. acnes were determined in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Susceptibilities to clindamycin and erythromycin were compared in terms of gender, age, disease duration, previous treatment, and disease severity. A total of 69 P. acnes strains were isolated from 98 patients （70.41%）. The susceptibility to triple antibiotic ointment （neomycin/bacitracin/polymyxin B） and bacitracin was 100%. The susceptibility to fusidic acid was 92.7%. The resistance rates to neomycin sulfate, erythromycin, and clindamycin were 11.7%, 49.3%, and 33.4%, respectively. The high resistance rate to clindamycin and erythromycin was significantly affected by gender, previous treatment, and disease severity rather than by age and disease duration. Topical antibiotics should not be used separately for long-term therapy to avoid multiresistance. The use of topical antibiotics should be determined by clinicians on the basis of clinical conditions.
文摘Objectives:The wide use of antibiotics for acne is the main cause of drug-resistant Cutibacterium acnes.However,the complete genetic sequence reference of C.acnes has not yet been reported.Herein,we report the complete genetic sequence of Cutibacterium acnes type strain ATCC6919.Methods:Whole-genome sequencing of Cutibacterium acnes ATCC6919 was performed using both the Illumina Hiseq4000 and PacBio RSII single-molecule real-time sequencing platforms.The generated sequence reads were de novo assembled using the HGAP3 protocol of single-molecule real-time analysis v.2.3.0 software.The draft genome was annotated and further analyzed by various bioinformatics tools.Results:The total genome length of Cutibacterium acnes ATCC6919 was 2,495,001 bp(60.02%G+C content),with 2,450 coding sequences including 2,358 proteins,45 tRNAs,9 rRNAs,and 1 sRNA.The Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database showed that the gene(thy A)found in ATCC6919 was associated with resistance to aminosalicylic acid.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that this isolate was not sensitive to metronidazole and sulfamethoxazole,but was sensitive to all other tested antimicrobials(erythromycin,azithromycin,clarithromycin,tetracycline,minocycline,trimethoprim,levofloxacin,ceftriaxone,and doxycycline).Conclusion:This study reports the complete genome sequence of Cutibacterium acnes ATCC6919,which provides a valuable reference for comparative analysis based on the genomic characteristics and resistance gene diversity of Cutibacterium acnes.
文摘Objective Little information is available to guide treatment strategies regarding patients with unexpected positive cultures （UPC）,including Propionibacterium acnes （PA）,without overt signs of infection in revision shoulder arthroplasty （RSA）.The purpose of our study was to analyze the prevalence,clinical meaning,treatment and prognosis of UPC in RSA.Data sources and study selection We performed a systematic review of the literature between 1950 and 2013 for all studies reporting on UPC for PA.Studies with the prevalence and prognosis of patients with UPC in RSA were analyzed.Results Six studies meeting our inclusion criteria yielded data for 1 402 patients who underwent a total of 1405 RSA.Based on the available data,following RSA 235 shoulders had UPCs with a pooled percentage of 16.7％ （235/1405）.The most commonly isolated bacteria from shoulders following RSA with UPCs was PA with pooled percentages of 63.4％ （149/235）.Occurrence of true infection from UPCs after RSA was seen in 24 shoulders （24/235,10.2％）.Antibiotic use did not influence the rate of the occurrence of true infection from UPCs （P=0.498）.Conclusions Our study showed a low risk of having a true infection from UPCs after RSA without clinical signs of preoperative infection at the time of the surgery.Therefore,prolonged antibiotic therapy may not be necessary in these patients.
文摘Cutibacterium acnes were used to induce lipase production,and to establish ex-vivo skin model of inflammatory response and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation,in purpose of exploring the mechanism of chamomilla recutita extract.Clinical study was designed to investigate the effects of chamomilla recutita extract on Chinese volunteers with sequelae of adult acne,by evaluating the severity of acne,post-acne erythema and pigmentation,skin basic physiological conditions.The results showed that chamomilla recutita extract inhibited lipase activity,cellular inflammatory response,and melanin production.In the clinical study,the acnes were relieved 173%,with a 78%lower post-acne erythema index and 202%less hyperpigmentation as compared to placebo,after applying samples containing 1%chamomilla recutita extract for 28 days.Meanwhile,chamomilla recutita extract showed instant oil control effect.The extract significantly reduced sebum secretion by 293%,increased skin moisture content by 102%,and strengthened the skin barrier by 193%after 28 days application,which provided favorable skin physiological basis for the prevention and improvement of acne vulgaris and sequelae.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82074246.
文摘BACKGROUND Synovitis,acne,pustulosis,hyperostosis,and osteitis(SAPHO)syndrome,a rare inflammatory disease,was described in 1987 by Chamot et al,who identified its common characteristics and transitional forms through case reports.The inci-dence rate is now 1 in 10000 among Caucasians and 0.00144 in 10000 among Japanese.Pneumothorax occurs when gas enters the pleural cavity,typically due to lung disease or chest trauma,and is characterized as either spontaneous or traumatic.Spontaneous pneumothorax is commonly linked to congenital lung tissue abnormalities or lung conditions,such as ruptured pulmonary bullae,emphysema,and bronchial asthma.Respiratory involvement in SAPHO syn-drome has historically been noted.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 44-year-old male patient who had previously been diagnosed with SAPHO syndrome.Following a two-year cessation of methotrexate therapy,he experienced recurrent anterior chest wall and joint pain accompanied by dyspnea.We conducted a comprehensive examination for the patient,which included physical examination,laboratory tests,and imaging studies.The clinical presentation and treatment outcomes suggest that his pneumothorax was related to an episode of SAPHO syndrome.We performed closed thoracic drainage surgery for the patient and treated his symptoms with etoricoxib(60 mg daily).Upon discharge,methotrexate was prescribed again.In subsequent follow-ups,there was no recurrence of joint and respiratory symptoms observed in the patient.CONCLUSION SAPHO syndrome has been proposed as a transitional stage between ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis.One study reported a 0.29%incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with ankylosing spondylitis,higher than in the general population.Additionally,30%of patients with SAPHO syndrome test positive for HLA-B27,an antigen linked to ankylosing spondylitis.Symptomatically,some patients with SAPHO syndrome meet diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis,with sternoclavicular joint involvement and paravertebral ossific-ations resembling syndesmophytes in ankylosing spondylitis.These features suggest a possible linked between SAPHO syndrome and ankylosing spondylitis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81260145No.82060175)Priority Union Foundation of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department and Kunming Medical University(No.202001AY070001-050).
文摘AIM:To investigate ocular surface disorders and tear function changes in patients with acne vulgaris and explore the potential relationship between acne vulgaris and dry eye.METHODS:This cross-sectional study included right eyes of 53 patients with acne vulgaris and 54 healthy controls.The participants completed the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire.The following ocular surface-related parameters were measured:tear meniscus height(TMH),noninvasive tear breakup time(NIBUT),Schirmer I test(SIT),lipid layer thickness(LLT)score of the tear film,meibum score,meibomian gland orifice obstruction score,the ratio of meibomian gland loss,conjunctival hyperemia score,and corneal fluorescein staining(CFS)score.RESULTS:The stability of the tear film decreased in acne vulgaris patients.In the acne group,the TMH and NIBUT were lower,whereas the OSDI,meibum score,meibomian gland orifice obstruction score,ratio of meibomian gland loss,and conjunctival hyperemia score were higher compared with controls(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the CFS score,SIT,or LLT score between the groups(P>0.05).In two dry eye groups,the TMH,NIBUT,and LLT score were lower in the acne with dry eye(acne-DE)group,and the meibum score,meibomian gland orifice obstruction score,ratio of meibomian gland loss and conjunctival hyperemia score in the acne-DE group were higher(P<0.05).There were no significant differences between OSDI,SIT,and CFS score(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Patients with moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris are more likely to experience dry eye than those without acne vulgaris.Reduced tear film stability and meibomian gland structure dysfunction are more pronounced in patients with moderate-to-severe acne and dry eye.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.81773345 and 82104856)Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.SL2023A04J01298).
文摘Insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)is considered as a pathogenic factor contributing to sebaceous gland dysfunction,which leads to acne vulgaris.Paeoniflorin(Pae),a bioactive monomer derived from total glycosides of paeony,has shown potential in treating various diseases.However,its anti-acne effects on human sebocytes are not well understood.In this study,we investigated the effects of Pae on acne development induced by IGF-1 in SZ95 sebocytes.Following IGF-1 stimulation,SZ95 sebocytes were exposed to Pae and then determined for proliferation,cell cycle,apoptosis,lipogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion.We also analyzed the expression of proteins involved in the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 and JAK2/STAT3 pathways.In vitro experiments demonstrated that Pae significantly inhibited colony formation,induced G1/S cell cycle arrest,promoted apoptosis,inhibited lipogenesis and cytokine synthesis in IGF-1-treated SZ95 sebocytes.Furthermore,Pae suppressed the phosphorylation of Akt,FoxO1,JAK2,and STAT3.Importantly,the sebo-suppressive and anti-inflammatory effects of Pae were enhanced by blocking PI3K and JAK2.In summary,our findings suggest that Pae has potent anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in SZ95 sebocytes.Additionally,Pae effectively protects against IGF-1-induced lipogenesis and inflammation by targeting the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways.
文摘Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been passed down for more than 2,000 years.TCM beauty products driven by the principles of identification and treatment with various dosage forms and exhibit mild and safe efficacy are bound to become a main component of the beauty industry in the future.Xu once commented that“Qian Jin Fang”is different from the traditional prescription system,which emphasizes the use of medicines.In this paper,we mainly selected the prescriptions for the treatment of disfigurement diseases such as acne,scarring,black dryness,face hyperpigmentation,black mole,and rosacea from the article titled,“Upper Seven Orifices Disease-Facial Medicine IX”in the Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang[1].By studying and analyzing the original composition of the formula,understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease,and exploring the characteristics of the formula concerning the efficacy of TCM,their properties,flavors,and meridians,we summarized the characteristics of the Qian Jin Fang.It is based on the external treatment of disfigurement diseases,with a wide variety of drugs,flexibility,and accuracy.This method draws upon analogies while utilizing excipients and harmonizers to focus on the combined healing approach of treatment and nourishment.
文摘Acne vulgaris ranks as the second most prevalent dermatological condition worldwide,and there are still insufficient safe and reliable drugs to treat it.Cryptotanshinone(CTS),a bioactive compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza,has shown promise for treating acne vulgaris due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial and significant anti-inflammatory properties.Nevertheless,its local application is hindered by its low solubility and poor skin permeability.To overcome these challenges,a carrierfree pure drug self-assembled nanosystem is employed,which can specifically modify drug molecules based on the disease type and microenvironment,offering a potential for more effective treatment.We designed and synthesized three distinct structures of cationic CTS-peptide conjugates,creating self-assembled nanoparticles.This study has explored their self-assembly behavior,skin permeation,cellular uptake,and both in vitro and in vivo anti-acne effects.Molecular dynamics simulations revealed these nanoparticles form through intermolecular hydrogen bonding andπ-πstacking interactions.Notably,self-assembled nanoparticles demonstrated enhanced bioavailability with higher skin permeation and cellular uptake rates.Furthermore,the nanoparticles exhibited superior anti-acne effects compared to the parent drug,attributed to heightened antimicrobial activity and significant downregulation of the MAPK/NF-κB pathway,leading to reduced expression of pro-inflammatory factors including TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-8.In summary,the carrier-free self-assembled nanoparticles based on CTS-peptide conjugate effectively address the issue of poor skin bioavailability,offering a promising new approach for acne treatment.
文摘In this letter,we discuss the topic of necessity of routine laboratory monitoring during isotretinoin treatment for acne.According to Park and colleagues,it is advisable to monitor the levels of triglycerides,alanine aminotransferase,and aspartate aminotransferase every 5 to 6 months.Additionally,the levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein should be checked within the first two months of treatment.Isotretinoin is a commonly prescribed agent mainly used to treat acne.Despite its high effectiveness,it necessitates regular monitoring of laboratory parameters due to its side effect profile.Currently,there remains a lack of consensus on the appropriate frequency for monitoring these parameters during treatment with isotretinoin.This letter will provide insight into this complex and controversial topic.Based on existing literature,we concluded that the incidence of changes in lipid and liver aminotransferase levels during isotretinoin treatment for acne was low and likely clinically insignificant.For generally healthy people,we recommend testing lipid and liver profiles once at baseline and a second time at the peak dosage.However,frequent testing might still be beneficial in certain populations of patients.
