Objective:Propionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)plays an important role in the development of acne,an inflammatory skin disease with a high-incidence.In this study,we used high-throughput RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)to reveal th...Objective:Propionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)plays an important role in the development of acne,an inflammatory skin disease with a high-incidence.In this study,we used high-throughput RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)to reveal the anti-inflammatory mechanism of baicalin on P.acnes-induced acne in rabbits.Methods:The Kligman method was used to induce acne in the ears of New Zealand rabbits.The effect of baicalin on the acne model was evaluated by the number of acne lesions and hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining of acne tissues.Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay was used to measure the protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor a(TNFA),interleukin-1 b(IL1B),IL6,and IL8 in the serum of rabbits.RNA-seq was performed to investigate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activities of baicalin on acne.Immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot were used to validate the expression levels of related proteins in acne tissues.Results:Baicalin treatment significantly reduced the number of acne lesions and lesions of the ear as well as levels of serum inflammatory cytokines.RNA-seq data showed that baicalin treatment globally suppressed inflammation,especially the TNF signaling pathway and Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway,in the rabbit acne model.Conclusion: Baicalin effectively ameliorates P. acnes-induced acne in rabbits by suppressingthe inflammatory response in rabbits.展开更多
Objective Proprionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)-induced inflammatory responses,proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes contribute to the progression of acne vulgaris(AV).P.acnes was found to enhance the product...Objective Proprionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)-induced inflammatory responses,proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes contribute to the progression of acne vulgaris(AV).P.acnes was found to enhance the production of interleukin-8(IL-8)by keratinocytes.This study aimed to investigate the role of IL-8 in P.acnes-induced proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes and the underlying mechanism.Methods The P.acnes-stimulated HaCaT cell(a human keratinocyte cell line)model was established.Western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed to detect the expression of the IL-8 receptors C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1(CXCR1)and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2(CXCR2)on HaCaT cells.Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine(EdU)assay and Western blotting were performed to examine the effects of IL-8/CXCR2 axis on the proliferation and differentiation of HaCaT cells treated with P.acnes,the IL-8 neutralizing antibody,the CXCR2 antagonist(SB225002),or the CXCR1/CXCR2 antagonist(G31P).Western blotting,nuclear and cytoplasmic separation,CCK-8 assay,and EdU assay were employed to determine the downstream pathway of CXCR2 after P.acnes-stimulated HaCaT cells were treated with the CXCR2 antagonist,the protein kinase B(AKT)antagonist(AZD5363),or the constitutively active forkhead box O1(FOXO1)mutant.Finally,autophagy markers were measured in HaCaT cells following the transfection of the FOXO1 mutant or treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine(3-MA).Results The expression levels of CXCR1 and CXCR2 were significantly increased on the membrane of HaCaT cells following P.acnes stimulation.The IL-8/CXCR2 axis predominantly promoted the proliferation and differentiation of P.acnes-induced HaCaT cells by activating AKT/FOXO1/autophagy signaling.In brief,IL-8 bound to its receptor CXCR2 on the membrane of keratinocytes to activate the AKT/FOXO1 axis.Subsequently,phosphorylated FOXO1 facilitated autophagy to promote the proliferation and differentiation of P.acnes-induced keratinocytes.Conclusion This study demonstrated the novel autocrine effect of IL-8 on the proliferation and differentiation of P.acnes-induced keratinocytes,suggesting a potential therapeutic target for AV.展开更多
Recently medical cosmetic has attracted significant business opportunity. Micro cosmetic surgery usually involves invasive cosmetic procedures such as non-ablative laser procedure for skin rejuvenation. However, to se...Recently medical cosmetic has attracted significant business opportunity. Micro cosmetic surgery usually involves invasive cosmetic procedures such as non-ablative laser procedure for skin rejuvenation. However, to select an appropriate treatment for skin relies on accurate preoperative evaluations. In this paper, an automatic facial skin defects detection and recognition method is proposed. The system first locates the facial region from the input image. Then, the shapes of faces were recognized using a contour descriptor. The facial features are extracted to define regions of interest and an image segment method is used to extract potential defect. A support-vector-machine-based classifier is then used to classify the potential defects into spots, acnes and normal skin. Experimental results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Background:Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin diseases that can significantly impact a considerable proportion of individuals over their lifetime.Objective:This study focuses on the exploration of the applic...Background:Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin diseases that can significantly impact a considerable proportion of individuals over their lifetime.Objective:This study focuses on the exploration of the application potential of bamboo vinegar in cosmetics.Materials and Methods:The stock solution of bamboo vinegar is subjected to reduced-pressure distillation at different temperatures to obtain refined bamboo vinegar.Then,inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)by refined bamboo vinegar is observed.Moreover,the refined bamboo vinegar is adsorbed and released with activated bamboo charcoal as the carrier.In all,this study aims to probe into the mechanism of the controlledrelease system of bamboo vinegar.Results:The results shows that the harmful substances(tar)in bamboo vinegar distilled at 70℃decreased by 94.44%,which is a more notable decrease compared with that in the stock solution.The total organic acid content in bamboo vinegar after reduced-pressure distillation is 11.840%,reaching the national standard for refined bamboo vinegar(GB/T 31734–2015).Additionally,the minimum inhibitory concentration of refined bamboo vinegar against P.acnes using the punch method is 7.90 mg/mL.This indicates that refined bamboo vinegar has the potential as a prospective raw material for formulations in anti-acne cosmetic products.Furthermore,the release rate of bamboo charcoal/bamboo vinegar in water for 15 min reaches 70.57%,which then slows down to a plateau.The slow-release behavior is agreed with the Ritger-Peppas model and is beneficial to relieve the irritation of bamboo vinegar to the skin and lengthen its bacteriostatic duration.Conclusion:The foregoing conclusions can serve as the theoretical foundation for the application of bamboo vinegar in anti-acne cosmetics.展开更多
This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, China. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the...This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, China. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the cultured P. acnes were determined in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Susceptibilities to clindamycin and erythromycin were compared in terms of gender, age, disease duration, previous treatment, and disease severity. A total of 69 P. acnes strains were isolated from 98 patients （70.41%）. The susceptibility to triple antibiotic ointment （neomycin/bacitracin/polymyxin B） and bacitracin was 100%. The susceptibility to fusidic acid was 92.7%. The resistance rates to neomycin sulfate, erythromycin, and clindamycin were 11.7%, 49.3%, and 33.4%, respectively. The high resistance rate to clindamycin and erythromycin was significantly affected by gender, previous treatment, and disease severity rather than by age and disease duration. Topical antibiotics should not be used separately for long-term therapy to avoid multiresistance. The use of topical antibiotics should be determined by clinicians on the basis of clinical conditions.展开更多
Objectives:The wide use of antibiotics for acne is the main cause of drug-resistant Cutibacterium acnes.However,the complete genetic sequence reference of C.acnes has not yet been reported.Herein,we report the complet...Objectives:The wide use of antibiotics for acne is the main cause of drug-resistant Cutibacterium acnes.However,the complete genetic sequence reference of C.acnes has not yet been reported.Herein,we report the complete genetic sequence of Cutibacterium acnes type strain ATCC6919.Methods:Whole-genome sequencing of Cutibacterium acnes ATCC6919 was performed using both the Illumina Hiseq4000 and PacBio RSII single-molecule real-time sequencing platforms.The generated sequence reads were de novo assembled using the HGAP3 protocol of single-molecule real-time analysis v.2.3.0 software.The draft genome was annotated and further analyzed by various bioinformatics tools.Results:The total genome length of Cutibacterium acnes ATCC6919 was 2,495,001 bp(60.02%G+C content),with 2,450 coding sequences including 2,358 proteins,45 tRNAs,9 rRNAs,and 1 sRNA.The Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database showed that the gene(thy A)found in ATCC6919 was associated with resistance to aminosalicylic acid.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that this isolate was not sensitive to metronidazole and sulfamethoxazole,but was sensitive to all other tested antimicrobials(erythromycin,azithromycin,clarithromycin,tetracycline,minocycline,trimethoprim,levofloxacin,ceftriaxone,and doxycycline).Conclusion:This study reports the complete genome sequence of Cutibacterium acnes ATCC6919,which provides a valuable reference for comparative analysis based on the genomic characteristics and resistance gene diversity of Cutibacterium acnes.展开更多
Objective Little information is available to guide treatment strategies regarding patients with unexpected positive cultures （UPC）,including Propionibacterium acnes （PA）,without overt signs of infection in revisio...Objective Little information is available to guide treatment strategies regarding patients with unexpected positive cultures （UPC）,including Propionibacterium acnes （PA）,without overt signs of infection in revision shoulder arthroplasty （RSA）.The purpose of our study was to analyze the prevalence,clinical meaning,treatment and prognosis of UPC in RSA.Data sources and study selection We performed a systematic review of the literature between 1950 and 2013 for all studies reporting on UPC for PA.Studies with the prevalence and prognosis of patients with UPC in RSA were analyzed.Results Six studies meeting our inclusion criteria yielded data for 1 402 patients who underwent a total of 1405 RSA.Based on the available data,following RSA 235 shoulders had UPCs with a pooled percentage of 16.7％ （235/1405）.The most commonly isolated bacteria from shoulders following RSA with UPCs was PA with pooled percentages of 63.4％ （149/235）.Occurrence of true infection from UPCs after RSA was seen in 24 shoulders （24/235,10.2％）.Antibiotic use did not influence the rate of the occurrence of true infection from UPCs （P=0.498）.Conclusions Our study showed a low risk of having a true infection from UPCs after RSA without clinical signs of preoperative infection at the time of the surgery.Therefore,prolonged antibiotic therapy may not be necessary in these patients.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial effect of a self-designed acne-relieving Chinese herbal formula and prepare a kind of acne-removing soap according to the antibacterial effect.[Met...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial effect of a self-designed acne-relieving Chinese herbal formula and prepare a kind of acne-removing soap according to the antibacterial effect.[Methods]Chinese herbs Lonicera japonica,Taraxacum mongolicum,Scutellaria baicalensis,Angelica dahurica,Centella asiatica and Aloe vera,were decocted with water,and the antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus albus,Candida albicans and Propionibacterium acnei were tested by inhibition zone experiments.The soap base was prepared by saponification of coconut oil,palm oil,hazelnut oil and sodium hydroxide,and then the herbal liquid was added into the soap.[Results]The liquid had bacteriostatic effect on S.aureus,S.albus and P.acnes,but no inhibitory effect on C.albicans.The best bacteriostatic effect on S.aureus and S.albus was achieved at 330 mg/ml,and the best bacteriostatic effect on P.acnes was at 160 mg/ml.[Conclusions]The Chinese herbal formula has antibacterial effect.The handmade soap made from the Chinese herbal formula has the characteristics of smooth surface,moderate hardness,fine texture,rich foam and fresh smell.展开更多
To verify the inhibitory ability of the combination on the biofilm production of Propionibacterium acnes and its ameliorative effect on facial acne problems.The ability of the combination to inhibit the biofilm format...To verify the inhibitory ability of the combination on the biofilm production of Propionibacterium acnes and its ameliorative effect on facial acne problems.The ability of the combination to inhibit the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes was verified by suspension quantification and crystal violet staining,and then 60 effective volunteers were selected for the efficacy measurement of topical acne elimination combinations+bases for 4 consecutive weeks,which were measured by a professional instrument,and the volunteers’facial acne lesion areas and acne lesion colours were evaluated respectively.In vitro tests verified that the combination can inhibit the formation of P.acnes biofilm and will not completely kill P.acnes and will not disrupt the micro-ecological balance of the skin;3%and 5%acne combinations can reduce the biofilm of P.acnes by 61.3%and 61.6%respectively;after 4 weeks of continuous use,the area of acne lesions of the samples with 5%acne combinations decreased by 54.61%and the colour of acne lesions decreased by 54.61%compared with the area of acne lesions before the use of the combination.54.61%,acne lesion colour a^(*)decreased by 13.74%,and the subjects’self-assessment of the mildness and non-irritation of the samples in the test group had a 100%agreement rate.The acne combination can improve acne problems by inhibiting the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes,and has a mild and effective acne elimination effect.展开更多
Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin disorders affecting millions of patients worldwide,its long-lasting inflammation greatly reduces life quality and causes negative psychosocial impacts.Conventional treatmen...Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin disorders affecting millions of patients worldwide,its long-lasting inflammation greatly reduces life quality and causes negative psychosocial impacts.Conventional treatments often along with side effects and issues of patient compliance,and ineffective in treating severe conditions.In recent years,microneedle(MN)has emerged as a versatile therapeutic technology,owing to its minimally invasive,effective,and reduced side effects.However,there are few review articles that systematically summarize the progress of microneedles for the treatment of acne.Here conclude the material,function,and application of microneedle technology in the treatment of acne,with a particular focus on two types of anti-acne microneedle:drug-loaded microneedle(DMN)and radio-frequency microneedle(RMN).DMN facilitates targeted drug delivery to the skin's deeper layers,while RMN utilizes radio-frequency currents to stimulate collagen regeneration,thus addressing acne scarring.Additionally,future directions for advanced acne-treating microneedle technology are envisioned,such as diversified drug loading,multi-functionality,production process optimization,and personalized treatment.These different directions are expected to further enhance the safety,efficacy,and patient satisfaction of microneedle acne treatments.展开更多
Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit,which brings serious physical and mental burden to patients.Despite decades of research,its pathogenesis remains multifactorial and incomplete...Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit,which brings serious physical and mental burden to patients.Despite decades of research,its pathogenesis remains multifactorial and incompletely elucidated.Conventional therapeutic approaches still have limitations in meeting clinical demands due to limited skin penetration,systemic side effects,and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.Microneedles based drug delivery systems offer a minimally invasive strategy to overcome the stratum corneum barrier,achieve controlled intradermal drug release,and enhance local therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity.This review systematically summarizes the latest research of microneedles for the treatment of acne.We first introduce the pathological mechanisms underlying acne development,followed by an overview of the latest advances in microneedle technologies for targeted acne therapy,including dissolving,hydrogel,solid,hollow,coated microneedles and stimuli-responsive designs.Finally,we highlight ongoing limitations and propose future strategies to enhance the development and clinical application of microneedle therapies in acne management.展开更多
Background:Acne affects individuals across all ages and ethnic groups.Truncal acne has received limited attention,and its mechanisms and characteristics remain poorly understood.Objective:This article aims to provide ...Background:Acne affects individuals across all ages and ethnic groups.Truncal acne has received limited attention,and its mechanisms and characteristics remain poorly understood.Objective:This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of truncal acne,identifying its characteristics and exploring assessment methods and management of truncal acne.Methods:The study examines the causes and contributing factors of truncal acne by analyzing the skin characteristics and acne phenotypes of the trunk area.It also evaluates the existing methods for assessing the severity of truncal acne.Results:Trunk sebum secretion and pH levels are lower than those of the face,while the degree of microbial imbalance is greater.Variability in androgen levels and gender differences also influence truncal acne.Additionally,contact with certain materials exacerbates acne outbreaks on the trunk.The study highlights the advantages,disadvantages,mechanisms of action,and specific targets of each product.Conclusion:This paper provides insights for future research and practical approaches to truncal acne management,assisting in selecting effective products for managing truncal acne.展开更多
Acne is a highly common skin condition,estimated to affect 9.4%of the global population at some point in their lives.Today,there is a growing demand for environmentally conscious products that treat skin diseases with...Acne is a highly common skin condition,estimated to affect 9.4%of the global population at some point in their lives.Today,there is a growing demand for environmentally conscious products that treat skin diseases without harming the environment,known as Clean Beauty.For this reason,the objective is to develop a delivery system based on bacterial cellulose loaded with natural actives nisin and mandelic acid for acne treatment.The system,using bacterial cellulose(BC)from Komagataebacter xylinus fermentation,was tested for antibacterial and antioxidant activity,active release,cytotoxicity,Sscanning Eelectron microscopy,and product stability.The results of this study are promising:the BC system exhibited potent antibacterial activity against both standard and skinisolated strains,along with high antioxidant activity.The controlled release of active ingredients,peaking at 300 min,and the stability of antibacterial and antioxidant properties over 180 days underscore the system's potential as a shelf-stable product.Additionally,the minimal cytotoxicity observed affirms the safety of the formulation.This innovative approach not only aligns with the principles of clean beauty by avoiding petroleumbased components but also provides a sustainable and effective solution for managing acne.The integration of natural actives within a biodegradable matrix positions this product as a frontrunner in the future of dermocosmetics,meeting consumer demands for products that are both skin-friendly and environmentally responsible.展开更多
Acne is a dermatological condition with significant psychosocial consequences.This study evaluated the efficacy of an unmedicated acne-concealing hydrogel patch for improving acne appearance and acne-related quality o...Acne is a dermatological condition with significant psychosocial consequences.This study evaluated the efficacy of an unmedicated acne-concealing hydrogel patch for improving acne appearance and acne-related quality of life(AQoL).A randomized,open-label,home-use 10-day clinical trial was conducted with 37 volunteers,each presenting at least one active pustule.Twenty-three acne lesions were treated with Pimple Patches,and 23 served as untreated controls.Lesion size,severity,erythema,and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation(PIH)were assessed by an expert grader at baseline,Day 2,and Day 10.AQoL scores were measured at the start and end of the study.The hydrogel patch treatment resulted in a 35%reduction in lesion size and a 44%improvement in lesion severity by Day 2 compared to the control group.By Day 10,the treated group exhibited greater reductions in lesion size,severity,and erythema.PIH worsened significantly in the untreated group compared to the treated group by Day 10.AQoL scores indicated a 57%improvement in the treated group,higher than the untreated group(p<0.05).Our exploratory findings suggest that the unmedicated acneconcealing patches are a safe and practical treatment for reducing acne lesion size and severity,calming erythema,inhibiting PIH onset,and improving AQoL.展开更多
Cutibacterium acnes were used to induce lipase production,and to establish ex-vivo skin model of inflammatory response and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation,in purpose of exploring the mechanism of chamomilla recuti...Cutibacterium acnes were used to induce lipase production,and to establish ex-vivo skin model of inflammatory response and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation,in purpose of exploring the mechanism of chamomilla recutita extract.Clinical study was designed to investigate the effects of chamomilla recutita extract on Chinese volunteers with sequelae of adult acne,by evaluating the severity of acne,post-acne erythema and pigmentation,skin basic physiological conditions.The results showed that chamomilla recutita extract inhibited lipase activity,cellular inflammatory response,and melanin production.In the clinical study,the acnes were relieved 173%,with a 78%lower post-acne erythema index and 202%less hyperpigmentation as compared to placebo,after applying samples containing 1%chamomilla recutita extract for 28 days.Meanwhile,chamomilla recutita extract showed instant oil control effect.The extract significantly reduced sebum secretion by 293%,increased skin moisture content by 102%,and strengthened the skin barrier by 193%after 28 days application,which provided favorable skin physiological basis for the prevention and improvement of acne vulgaris and sequelae.展开更多
Background:Acne vulgaris is a common skin disorder that impacts quality of life.Both acne and menstrual symptoms share a hormonal pathogenesis,often linked to hormonal imbalances in women.This suggests a relationship ...Background:Acne vulgaris is a common skin disorder that impacts quality of life.Both acne and menstrual symptoms share a hormonal pathogenesis,often linked to hormonal imbalances in women.This suggests a relationship between acne counts and the various phases of the menstrual cycle.Objective:In this study,we aimed to assess the relationship between acne counts and the menstrual cycle in healthy young Indian women suffering from mild to moderate acne.The objective was to further understand the role of the various phases of the menstrual cycle in acne flares.Methods:This study explores the data from two(2)previously conducted clinical trials.The studies originally aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical creams in the reduction of acne lesion count on the face.The data from these studies were retrieved and compiled.The number of days between the last menstrual period(LMP)and the actual day of the visit was calculated and regrouped as follows:1–7 days(early to mid-follicular phase),8–15 days(mid-to late follicular phase),16–24 days(post-ovulation to early luteal phase)and>24 days(mid-to late luteal phase).Subsequently,the global acne count—recorded by the dermatologist as part of the study procedures—was cross-tabulated with these menstrual phases using measures of central tendency and dispersion,followed by inferential analyses to evaluate differences between groups.Results:On average,the female subjects visiting the centre during the end of their luteal phase or bleeding days had higher acne counts(p=0.032).This effect was statistically significant only at the baseline visit,which followed a 14-day washout period involving the use of a neutral cleanser and adoption of a general skincare routine.During the product use phase,the effect of the menstrual cycle diminished.Conclusion:The study demonstrates an association between acne flares and the menstrual cycle:acne counts are likely to be higher by an average of 5–6 units during the late luteal and early follicular phases.Such differences may impact the outcome of clinical trials if not carefully monitored and accounted for in study designs and data analysis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Synovitis,acne,pustulosis,hyperostosis,and osteitis(SAPHO)syndrome,a rare inflammatory disease,was described in 1987 by Chamot et al,who identified its common characteristics and transitional forms through ...BACKGROUND Synovitis,acne,pustulosis,hyperostosis,and osteitis(SAPHO)syndrome,a rare inflammatory disease,was described in 1987 by Chamot et al,who identified its common characteristics and transitional forms through case reports.The inci-dence rate is now 1 in 10000 among Caucasians and 0.00144 in 10000 among Japanese.Pneumothorax occurs when gas enters the pleural cavity,typically due to lung disease or chest trauma,and is characterized as either spontaneous or traumatic.Spontaneous pneumothorax is commonly linked to congenital lung tissue abnormalities or lung conditions,such as ruptured pulmonary bullae,emphysema,and bronchial asthma.Respiratory involvement in SAPHO syn-drome has historically been noted.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 44-year-old male patient who had previously been diagnosed with SAPHO syndrome.Following a two-year cessation of methotrexate therapy,he experienced recurrent anterior chest wall and joint pain accompanied by dyspnea.We conducted a comprehensive examination for the patient,which included physical examination,laboratory tests,and imaging studies.The clinical presentation and treatment outcomes suggest that his pneumothorax was related to an episode of SAPHO syndrome.We performed closed thoracic drainage surgery for the patient and treated his symptoms with etoricoxib(60 mg daily).Upon discharge,methotrexate was prescribed again.In subsequent follow-ups,there was no recurrence of joint and respiratory symptoms observed in the patient.CONCLUSION SAPHO syndrome has been proposed as a transitional stage between ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis.One study reported a 0.29%incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with ankylosing spondylitis,higher than in the general population.Additionally,30%of patients with SAPHO syndrome test positive for HLA-B27,an antigen linked to ankylosing spondylitis.Symptomatically,some patients with SAPHO syndrome meet diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis,with sternoclavicular joint involvement and paravertebral ossific-ations resembling syndesmophytes in ankylosing spondylitis.These features suggest a possible linked between SAPHO syndrome and ankylosing spondylitis.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81430099)International S&T Cooperation Program of China(2014DFA32950).
文摘Objective:Propionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)plays an important role in the development of acne,an inflammatory skin disease with a high-incidence.In this study,we used high-throughput RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)to reveal the anti-inflammatory mechanism of baicalin on P.acnes-induced acne in rabbits.Methods:The Kligman method was used to induce acne in the ears of New Zealand rabbits.The effect of baicalin on the acne model was evaluated by the number of acne lesions and hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining of acne tissues.Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay was used to measure the protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor a(TNFA),interleukin-1 b(IL1B),IL6,and IL8 in the serum of rabbits.RNA-seq was performed to investigate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activities of baicalin on acne.Immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot were used to validate the expression levels of related proteins in acne tissues.Results:Baicalin treatment significantly reduced the number of acne lesions and lesions of the ear as well as levels of serum inflammatory cytokines.RNA-seq data showed that baicalin treatment globally suppressed inflammation,especially the TNF signaling pathway and Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway,in the rabbit acne model.Conclusion: Baicalin effectively ameliorates P. acnes-induced acne in rabbits by suppressingthe inflammatory response in rabbits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82103756).
文摘Objective Proprionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)-induced inflammatory responses,proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes contribute to the progression of acne vulgaris(AV).P.acnes was found to enhance the production of interleukin-8(IL-8)by keratinocytes.This study aimed to investigate the role of IL-8 in P.acnes-induced proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes and the underlying mechanism.Methods The P.acnes-stimulated HaCaT cell(a human keratinocyte cell line)model was established.Western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed to detect the expression of the IL-8 receptors C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1(CXCR1)and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2(CXCR2)on HaCaT cells.Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine(EdU)assay and Western blotting were performed to examine the effects of IL-8/CXCR2 axis on the proliferation and differentiation of HaCaT cells treated with P.acnes,the IL-8 neutralizing antibody,the CXCR2 antagonist(SB225002),or the CXCR1/CXCR2 antagonist(G31P).Western blotting,nuclear and cytoplasmic separation,CCK-8 assay,and EdU assay were employed to determine the downstream pathway of CXCR2 after P.acnes-stimulated HaCaT cells were treated with the CXCR2 antagonist,the protein kinase B(AKT)antagonist(AZD5363),or the constitutively active forkhead box O1(FOXO1)mutant.Finally,autophagy markers were measured in HaCaT cells following the transfection of the FOXO1 mutant or treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine(3-MA).Results The expression levels of CXCR1 and CXCR2 were significantly increased on the membrane of HaCaT cells following P.acnes stimulation.The IL-8/CXCR2 axis predominantly promoted the proliferation and differentiation of P.acnes-induced HaCaT cells by activating AKT/FOXO1/autophagy signaling.In brief,IL-8 bound to its receptor CXCR2 on the membrane of keratinocytes to activate the AKT/FOXO1 axis.Subsequently,phosphorylated FOXO1 facilitated autophagy to promote the proliferation and differentiation of P.acnes-induced keratinocytes.Conclusion This study demonstrated the novel autocrine effect of IL-8 on the proliferation and differentiation of P.acnes-induced keratinocytes,suggesting a potential therapeutic target for AV.
文摘Recently medical cosmetic has attracted significant business opportunity. Micro cosmetic surgery usually involves invasive cosmetic procedures such as non-ablative laser procedure for skin rejuvenation. However, to select an appropriate treatment for skin relies on accurate preoperative evaluations. In this paper, an automatic facial skin defects detection and recognition method is proposed. The system first locates the facial region from the input image. Then, the shapes of faces were recognized using a contour descriptor. The facial features are extracted to define regions of interest and an image segment method is used to extract potential defect. A support-vector-machine-based classifier is then used to classify the potential defects into spots, acnes and normal skin. Experimental results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed method.
文摘Background:Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin diseases that can significantly impact a considerable proportion of individuals over their lifetime.Objective:This study focuses on the exploration of the application potential of bamboo vinegar in cosmetics.Materials and Methods:The stock solution of bamboo vinegar is subjected to reduced-pressure distillation at different temperatures to obtain refined bamboo vinegar.Then,inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)by refined bamboo vinegar is observed.Moreover,the refined bamboo vinegar is adsorbed and released with activated bamboo charcoal as the carrier.In all,this study aims to probe into the mechanism of the controlledrelease system of bamboo vinegar.Results:The results shows that the harmful substances(tar)in bamboo vinegar distilled at 70℃decreased by 94.44%,which is a more notable decrease compared with that in the stock solution.The total organic acid content in bamboo vinegar after reduced-pressure distillation is 11.840%,reaching the national standard for refined bamboo vinegar(GB/T 31734–2015).Additionally,the minimum inhibitory concentration of refined bamboo vinegar against P.acnes using the punch method is 7.90 mg/mL.This indicates that refined bamboo vinegar has the potential as a prospective raw material for formulations in anti-acne cosmetic products.Furthermore,the release rate of bamboo charcoal/bamboo vinegar in water for 15 min reaches 70.57%,which then slows down to a plateau.The slow-release behavior is agreed with the Ritger-Peppas model and is beneficial to relieve the irritation of bamboo vinegar to the skin and lengthen its bacteriostatic duration.Conclusion:The foregoing conclusions can serve as the theoretical foundation for the application of bamboo vinegar in anti-acne cosmetics.
基金The paper was supervised by Dr. Kefei Kang. This work was supported by the Scientific Research Project of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University （No. 2013QD07） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81402615）.
文摘This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, China. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the cultured P. acnes were determined in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Susceptibilities to clindamycin and erythromycin were compared in terms of gender, age, disease duration, previous treatment, and disease severity. A total of 69 P. acnes strains were isolated from 98 patients （70.41%）. The susceptibility to triple antibiotic ointment （neomycin/bacitracin/polymyxin B） and bacitracin was 100%. The susceptibility to fusidic acid was 92.7%. The resistance rates to neomycin sulfate, erythromycin, and clindamycin were 11.7%, 49.3%, and 33.4%, respectively. The high resistance rate to clindamycin and erythromycin was significantly affected by gender, previous treatment, and disease severity rather than by age and disease duration. Topical antibiotics should not be used separately for long-term therapy to avoid multiresistance. The use of topical antibiotics should be determined by clinicians on the basis of clinical conditions.
文摘Objectives:The wide use of antibiotics for acne is the main cause of drug-resistant Cutibacterium acnes.However,the complete genetic sequence reference of C.acnes has not yet been reported.Herein,we report the complete genetic sequence of Cutibacterium acnes type strain ATCC6919.Methods:Whole-genome sequencing of Cutibacterium acnes ATCC6919 was performed using both the Illumina Hiseq4000 and PacBio RSII single-molecule real-time sequencing platforms.The generated sequence reads were de novo assembled using the HGAP3 protocol of single-molecule real-time analysis v.2.3.0 software.The draft genome was annotated and further analyzed by various bioinformatics tools.Results:The total genome length of Cutibacterium acnes ATCC6919 was 2,495,001 bp(60.02%G+C content),with 2,450 coding sequences including 2,358 proteins,45 tRNAs,9 rRNAs,and 1 sRNA.The Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database showed that the gene(thy A)found in ATCC6919 was associated with resistance to aminosalicylic acid.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that this isolate was not sensitive to metronidazole and sulfamethoxazole,but was sensitive to all other tested antimicrobials(erythromycin,azithromycin,clarithromycin,tetracycline,minocycline,trimethoprim,levofloxacin,ceftriaxone,and doxycycline).Conclusion:This study reports the complete genome sequence of Cutibacterium acnes ATCC6919,which provides a valuable reference for comparative analysis based on the genomic characteristics and resistance gene diversity of Cutibacterium acnes.
文摘Objective Little information is available to guide treatment strategies regarding patients with unexpected positive cultures （UPC）,including Propionibacterium acnes （PA）,without overt signs of infection in revision shoulder arthroplasty （RSA）.The purpose of our study was to analyze the prevalence,clinical meaning,treatment and prognosis of UPC in RSA.Data sources and study selection We performed a systematic review of the literature between 1950 and 2013 for all studies reporting on UPC for PA.Studies with the prevalence and prognosis of patients with UPC in RSA were analyzed.Results Six studies meeting our inclusion criteria yielded data for 1 402 patients who underwent a total of 1405 RSA.Based on the available data,following RSA 235 shoulders had UPCs with a pooled percentage of 16.7％ （235/1405）.The most commonly isolated bacteria from shoulders following RSA with UPCs was PA with pooled percentages of 63.4％ （149/235）.Occurrence of true infection from UPCs after RSA was seen in 24 shoulders （24/235,10.2％）.Antibiotic use did not influence the rate of the occurrence of true infection from UPCs （P=0.498）.Conclusions Our study showed a low risk of having a true infection from UPCs after RSA without clinical signs of preoperative infection at the time of the surgery.Therefore,prolonged antibiotic therapy may not be necessary in these patients.
基金Supported by National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine in 2022(202210600026).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial effect of a self-designed acne-relieving Chinese herbal formula and prepare a kind of acne-removing soap according to the antibacterial effect.[Methods]Chinese herbs Lonicera japonica,Taraxacum mongolicum,Scutellaria baicalensis,Angelica dahurica,Centella asiatica and Aloe vera,were decocted with water,and the antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus albus,Candida albicans and Propionibacterium acnei were tested by inhibition zone experiments.The soap base was prepared by saponification of coconut oil,palm oil,hazelnut oil and sodium hydroxide,and then the herbal liquid was added into the soap.[Results]The liquid had bacteriostatic effect on S.aureus,S.albus and P.acnes,but no inhibitory effect on C.albicans.The best bacteriostatic effect on S.aureus and S.albus was achieved at 330 mg/ml,and the best bacteriostatic effect on P.acnes was at 160 mg/ml.[Conclusions]The Chinese herbal formula has antibacterial effect.The handmade soap made from the Chinese herbal formula has the characteristics of smooth surface,moderate hardness,fine texture,rich foam and fresh smell.
文摘To verify the inhibitory ability of the combination on the biofilm production of Propionibacterium acnes and its ameliorative effect on facial acne problems.The ability of the combination to inhibit the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes was verified by suspension quantification and crystal violet staining,and then 60 effective volunteers were selected for the efficacy measurement of topical acne elimination combinations+bases for 4 consecutive weeks,which were measured by a professional instrument,and the volunteers’facial acne lesion areas and acne lesion colours were evaluated respectively.In vitro tests verified that the combination can inhibit the formation of P.acnes biofilm and will not completely kill P.acnes and will not disrupt the micro-ecological balance of the skin;3%and 5%acne combinations can reduce the biofilm of P.acnes by 61.3%and 61.6%respectively;after 4 weeks of continuous use,the area of acne lesions of the samples with 5%acne combinations decreased by 54.61%and the colour of acne lesions decreased by 54.61%compared with the area of acne lesions before the use of the combination.54.61%,acne lesion colour a^(*)decreased by 13.74%,and the subjects’self-assessment of the mildness and non-irritation of the samples in the test group had a 100%agreement rate.The acne combination can improve acne problems by inhibiting the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes,and has a mild and effective acne elimination effect.
基金support from the College Students’Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Program(Northwestern Polytechnical University),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52473265)the Shaanxi Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2023-JC-JQ-32).
文摘Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin disorders affecting millions of patients worldwide,its long-lasting inflammation greatly reduces life quality and causes negative psychosocial impacts.Conventional treatments often along with side effects and issues of patient compliance,and ineffective in treating severe conditions.In recent years,microneedle(MN)has emerged as a versatile therapeutic technology,owing to its minimally invasive,effective,and reduced side effects.However,there are few review articles that systematically summarize the progress of microneedles for the treatment of acne.Here conclude the material,function,and application of microneedle technology in the treatment of acne,with a particular focus on two types of anti-acne microneedle:drug-loaded microneedle(DMN)and radio-frequency microneedle(RMN).DMN facilitates targeted drug delivery to the skin's deeper layers,while RMN utilizes radio-frequency currents to stimulate collagen regeneration,thus addressing acne scarring.Additionally,future directions for advanced acne-treating microneedle technology are envisioned,such as diversified drug loading,multi-functionality,production process optimization,and personalized treatment.These different directions are expected to further enhance the safety,efficacy,and patient satisfaction of microneedle acne treatments.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(52403189)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20220170)the Wenzhou Institute UCAS startup fund(WIUCASQD2024009).
文摘Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit,which brings serious physical and mental burden to patients.Despite decades of research,its pathogenesis remains multifactorial and incompletely elucidated.Conventional therapeutic approaches still have limitations in meeting clinical demands due to limited skin penetration,systemic side effects,and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.Microneedles based drug delivery systems offer a minimally invasive strategy to overcome the stratum corneum barrier,achieve controlled intradermal drug release,and enhance local therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity.This review systematically summarizes the latest research of microneedles for the treatment of acne.We first introduce the pathological mechanisms underlying acne development,followed by an overview of the latest advances in microneedle technologies for targeted acne therapy,including dissolving,hydrogel,solid,hollow,coated microneedles and stimuli-responsive designs.Finally,we highlight ongoing limitations and propose future strategies to enhance the development and clinical application of microneedle therapies in acne management.
文摘Background:Acne affects individuals across all ages and ethnic groups.Truncal acne has received limited attention,and its mechanisms and characteristics remain poorly understood.Objective:This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of truncal acne,identifying its characteristics and exploring assessment methods and management of truncal acne.Methods:The study examines the causes and contributing factors of truncal acne by analyzing the skin characteristics and acne phenotypes of the trunk area.It also evaluates the existing methods for assessing the severity of truncal acne.Results:Trunk sebum secretion and pH levels are lower than those of the face,while the degree of microbial imbalance is greater.Variability in androgen levels and gender differences also influence truncal acne.Additionally,contact with certain materials exacerbates acne outbreaks on the trunk.The study highlights the advantages,disadvantages,mechanisms of action,and specific targets of each product.Conclusion:This paper provides insights for future research and practical approaches to truncal acne management,assisting in selecting effective products for managing truncal acne.
基金financial support provided by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel(CAPES)the Sao Paulo Research Foundation(FAPESP)+1 种基金the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq,grant number 305815/2023-7)the deeptech Bioloxcell.
文摘Acne is a highly common skin condition,estimated to affect 9.4%of the global population at some point in their lives.Today,there is a growing demand for environmentally conscious products that treat skin diseases without harming the environment,known as Clean Beauty.For this reason,the objective is to develop a delivery system based on bacterial cellulose loaded with natural actives nisin and mandelic acid for acne treatment.The system,using bacterial cellulose(BC)from Komagataebacter xylinus fermentation,was tested for antibacterial and antioxidant activity,active release,cytotoxicity,Sscanning Eelectron microscopy,and product stability.The results of this study are promising:the BC system exhibited potent antibacterial activity against both standard and skinisolated strains,along with high antioxidant activity.The controlled release of active ingredients,peaking at 300 min,and the stability of antibacterial and antioxidant properties over 180 days underscore the system's potential as a shelf-stable product.Additionally,the minimal cytotoxicity observed affirms the safety of the formulation.This innovative approach not only aligns with the principles of clean beauty by avoiding petroleumbased components but also provides a sustainable and effective solution for managing acne.The integration of natural actives within a biodegradable matrix positions this product as a frontrunner in the future of dermocosmetics,meeting consumer demands for products that are both skin-friendly and environmentally responsible.
文摘Acne is a dermatological condition with significant psychosocial consequences.This study evaluated the efficacy of an unmedicated acne-concealing hydrogel patch for improving acne appearance and acne-related quality of life(AQoL).A randomized,open-label,home-use 10-day clinical trial was conducted with 37 volunteers,each presenting at least one active pustule.Twenty-three acne lesions were treated with Pimple Patches,and 23 served as untreated controls.Lesion size,severity,erythema,and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation(PIH)were assessed by an expert grader at baseline,Day 2,and Day 10.AQoL scores were measured at the start and end of the study.The hydrogel patch treatment resulted in a 35%reduction in lesion size and a 44%improvement in lesion severity by Day 2 compared to the control group.By Day 10,the treated group exhibited greater reductions in lesion size,severity,and erythema.PIH worsened significantly in the untreated group compared to the treated group by Day 10.AQoL scores indicated a 57%improvement in the treated group,higher than the untreated group(p<0.05).Our exploratory findings suggest that the unmedicated acneconcealing patches are a safe and practical treatment for reducing acne lesion size and severity,calming erythema,inhibiting PIH onset,and improving AQoL.
文摘Cutibacterium acnes were used to induce lipase production,and to establish ex-vivo skin model of inflammatory response and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation,in purpose of exploring the mechanism of chamomilla recutita extract.Clinical study was designed to investigate the effects of chamomilla recutita extract on Chinese volunteers with sequelae of adult acne,by evaluating the severity of acne,post-acne erythema and pigmentation,skin basic physiological conditions.The results showed that chamomilla recutita extract inhibited lipase activity,cellular inflammatory response,and melanin production.In the clinical study,the acnes were relieved 173%,with a 78%lower post-acne erythema index and 202%less hyperpigmentation as compared to placebo,after applying samples containing 1%chamomilla recutita extract for 28 days.Meanwhile,chamomilla recutita extract showed instant oil control effect.The extract significantly reduced sebum secretion by 293%,increased skin moisture content by 102%,and strengthened the skin barrier by 193%after 28 days application,which provided favorable skin physiological basis for the prevention and improvement of acne vulgaris and sequelae.
文摘Background:Acne vulgaris is a common skin disorder that impacts quality of life.Both acne and menstrual symptoms share a hormonal pathogenesis,often linked to hormonal imbalances in women.This suggests a relationship between acne counts and the various phases of the menstrual cycle.Objective:In this study,we aimed to assess the relationship between acne counts and the menstrual cycle in healthy young Indian women suffering from mild to moderate acne.The objective was to further understand the role of the various phases of the menstrual cycle in acne flares.Methods:This study explores the data from two(2)previously conducted clinical trials.The studies originally aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical creams in the reduction of acne lesion count on the face.The data from these studies were retrieved and compiled.The number of days between the last menstrual period(LMP)and the actual day of the visit was calculated and regrouped as follows:1–7 days(early to mid-follicular phase),8–15 days(mid-to late follicular phase),16–24 days(post-ovulation to early luteal phase)and>24 days(mid-to late luteal phase).Subsequently,the global acne count—recorded by the dermatologist as part of the study procedures—was cross-tabulated with these menstrual phases using measures of central tendency and dispersion,followed by inferential analyses to evaluate differences between groups.Results:On average,the female subjects visiting the centre during the end of their luteal phase or bleeding days had higher acne counts(p=0.032).This effect was statistically significant only at the baseline visit,which followed a 14-day washout period involving the use of a neutral cleanser and adoption of a general skincare routine.During the product use phase,the effect of the menstrual cycle diminished.Conclusion:The study demonstrates an association between acne flares and the menstrual cycle:acne counts are likely to be higher by an average of 5–6 units during the late luteal and early follicular phases.Such differences may impact the outcome of clinical trials if not carefully monitored and accounted for in study designs and data analysis.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82074246.
文摘BACKGROUND Synovitis,acne,pustulosis,hyperostosis,and osteitis(SAPHO)syndrome,a rare inflammatory disease,was described in 1987 by Chamot et al,who identified its common characteristics and transitional forms through case reports.The inci-dence rate is now 1 in 10000 among Caucasians and 0.00144 in 10000 among Japanese.Pneumothorax occurs when gas enters the pleural cavity,typically due to lung disease or chest trauma,and is characterized as either spontaneous or traumatic.Spontaneous pneumothorax is commonly linked to congenital lung tissue abnormalities or lung conditions,such as ruptured pulmonary bullae,emphysema,and bronchial asthma.Respiratory involvement in SAPHO syn-drome has historically been noted.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 44-year-old male patient who had previously been diagnosed with SAPHO syndrome.Following a two-year cessation of methotrexate therapy,he experienced recurrent anterior chest wall and joint pain accompanied by dyspnea.We conducted a comprehensive examination for the patient,which included physical examination,laboratory tests,and imaging studies.The clinical presentation and treatment outcomes suggest that his pneumothorax was related to an episode of SAPHO syndrome.We performed closed thoracic drainage surgery for the patient and treated his symptoms with etoricoxib(60 mg daily).Upon discharge,methotrexate was prescribed again.In subsequent follow-ups,there was no recurrence of joint and respiratory symptoms observed in the patient.CONCLUSION SAPHO syndrome has been proposed as a transitional stage between ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis.One study reported a 0.29%incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with ankylosing spondylitis,higher than in the general population.Additionally,30%of patients with SAPHO syndrome test positive for HLA-B27,an antigen linked to ankylosing spondylitis.Symptomatically,some patients with SAPHO syndrome meet diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis,with sternoclavicular joint involvement and paravertebral ossific-ations resembling syndesmophytes in ankylosing spondylitis.These features suggest a possible linked between SAPHO syndrome and ankylosing spondylitis.
