Azo dyes have received considerable attention because of their association with various human health problems. The aim of the investigation is to determine the adsorption behavior ofazo dyes in aqueous solution on DG0...Azo dyes have received considerable attention because of their association with various human health problems. The aim of the investigation is to determine the adsorption behavior ofazo dyes in aqueous solution on DG06, GSE17200, and GSE17201 soils using C. I. Acid Red 14 （AR14） as example. The experimental results indicate that the Freundlich model expresses the adsorption isotherm better than the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order model achieves adsorption of AR14 on the three soils well. Based on the pseudo-second-order model, the adsorption thermodynamic of AR14 on DG06 soil have been studied and the thermodynamics parameter of AGO is determined and AGO value shows the adsorption process of AR14 on DG06 is mainly physical in nature. Furthermore, the effects of temperature, pH and salinity （NaC1） on adsorption have been investigated. The decrease in pH or the increase in salinity enhances the adsorption of AR14 by DG06, GSE17200, and GSE17201.展开更多
The soil in Guangxi has been severely acidified,restricting sustainable development of agriculture.In this paper,based on the screening of organic fertilizer additives,a method for the production of acidification-resi...The soil in Guangxi has been severely acidified,restricting sustainable development of agriculture.In this paper,based on the screening of organic fertilizer additives,a method for the production of acidification-resistant organic fertilizer specific for acid red soil improvement was proposed,and the developed acidification-resistant organic fertilizer was used in sugarcane experiment.The results showed that in the treatment that the specific acidification-resistant organic fertilizer was applied,the yield of sugarcane significantly increased,the p H value of soil effectively increased,the physical and chemical properties of soil improved,and the contents of microorganisms and available nutrients in soil increased.展开更多
The dye and textile industry commonly employs activated carbon adsorption technology due to its costeffectiveness and high efficiency.However,disposing of waste-activated carbon has a significant environ-mental and hu...The dye and textile industry commonly employs activated carbon adsorption technology due to its costeffectiveness and high efficiency.However,disposing of waste-activated carbon has a significant environ-mental and human health impact,and it’s a huge economic waste.This study investigates the kinetic and isothermal adsorption characteristics of Acid Red G dye adsorption by Powdered Activated Carbon derived from coconut shells.To effectively reuse activated carbon and maximise resource conservation,regeneration experi-ments were carried out using Supercritical Water at 24 MPa and 400℃ for 30 min.The experimental results demonstrated that,in comparison with thermal regeneration,supercritical water possesses the benefits of environmental protection,economic efficiency and extensive applicability.This is of considerable importance to the field of research concerning the regeneration of activated carbon.展开更多
Dyes are common pollutants in textile wastewaters, and the treatment of the wastewater has now attracted much attention due to its wide application and low biodegradability. In this study, Fe^0/C/Clay ceramics, a kind...Dyes are common pollutants in textile wastewaters, and the treatment of the wastewater has now attracted much attention due to its wide application and low biodegradability. In this study, Fe^0/C/Clay ceramics, a kind of novel micro-electrolysis filler, were sintered and employed in a dynamic micro-electrolysis reactor for synthetic Acid Red 73 （AR73） and Reactive Blue 4 （RB4） wastewater treatment. The effects ofinfluent pH, hydraulic retention time （HRT）, and aeration on the decoloration efficiencies of AR73 and RB4 were studied. The optimum conditions for wastewater treatment were： AR73, influent pH of 4, HRT of 2 h and aeration; RB4, influent pH of 5, HRT of 6 h and aeration. Under the optimum conditions, decoloration efficiency of AR73 and RB4 wastewater was 96% and 83%, respectively. Results of UV-vis spectrum scanning demonstrated that the chromophores were broken. Continuous running tests showed that improvement of micro-electrolysis system with Fe^0/C/Clay ceramics for AR73 and RB4 synthetic wastewater treatment could avoid failure of micro-electrolysis reactor, which indicated great potential for the practical application of the ceramics in the field of actual industrial wastewater treatment.展开更多
The discharge of large amounts of dye-containing wastewater seriously threats the environment.Adsorbents have been adopted to remove these dyes present in the wastewater.However,the high adsorption capacity,predominan...The discharge of large amounts of dye-containing wastewater seriously threats the environment.Adsorbents have been adopted to remove these dyes present in the wastewater.However,the high adsorption capacity,predominant pH-responsibility,and excellent recyclability are three challenges to the development of efficient adsorbents.The poly(acryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride)-graft-dialdehyde cellulose nanocrystals were synthesized in our work.Subsequently,the cationic dialdehyde cellulose nanocrystal cross-linked chitosan nanocomposite foam was fabricated via freeze-drying of the hydrogel.Under the optimal ratio of the cationic dialdehyde cellulose nanocrystal/chitosan(w/w)of 12/100,the resultant foam(Foam-12)possesses excellent absorption properties,such as high porosity,high content of active sites,strong acid resistance,and high amorphous region.Then,Foam-12 was applied as an eco-friendly adsorbent to remove acid red 134(a representative of anionic dyes)from aqueous solutions.The maximum dye adsorption capacity of 1238.1 mg∙g^(‒1) is achieved under the conditions of 20 mg∙L‒1 adsorbents,100 mg∙L^(‒1) dye,pH 3.5,24 h,and 25℃.The dominant adsorption mechanism for the anionic dye adsorption is electrostatic attraction,and Foam-12 can effectively adsorb acid red 134 at pH 2.5–5.5 and be desorbed at pH 8.Its easy recovery and good reusability are verified by the repeated acid adsorption–alkaline desorption experiments.展开更多
TiO2 nanotube precursor was synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of TiO2 powders with NaOH solution and the properties of the nanotube materials were tuned using different post-treatments. Transmission electron mi...TiO2 nanotube precursor was synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of TiO2 powders with NaOH solution and the properties of the nanotube materials were tuned using different post-treatments. Transmission electron microscopic （TEM） observation revealed that the nanotube could be obtained by either a direct rinse with acid solution or rinse with distilled water followed by acid solution. The results of X-ray diffraction （XRD） and inductively coupled plasma （ICP） analysis indicated that the nanotube material was composed of H2Ti2O5·H2O. In addition, the photocatalytic activities of the resulting catalysts were found to be strongly dependent on the post-treatment. The results of the photocatalytic reaction showed that the degradation of Acid-red 3B dye fitted pseudo-zero-order kinetics and TiO2 nanotube prepared under direct rinse with acid solution exhibited a higher catalytic efficiency compared to other catalysts.展开更多
Adsorption and desorption process of cadmium in red soil (Ferrisols) as well as the influence by media' s pH were investigated in detail with and without citric acid and EDTA. Experimental results clearly showed t...Adsorption and desorption process of cadmium in red soil (Ferrisols) as well as the influence by media' s pH were investigated in detail with and without citric acid and EDTA. Experimental results clearly showed that Cd adsorption in red soil was affected significantly by the coexisted organic chemicals. In the presence of citric acid and EDTA, Cd adsorption in red soil increased with pH in acid media but decreased in high pH one. Further studies placed stress on the adsorbed Cd in red soil which was found to be existed mainly as exchangeable one at pH < 5.5, and desorption rate by 0.10 mol/L NaNO3 gave a peak-shaped curve due to the difference of specifically and nonspecifically adsorbed Cd with pH's change.展开更多
Objective To investigate the hypocholesterolemic activity of red yeast rice （RYR） and its underlying mechanism. Methods Three groups of hamsters were fed either the control diet or one of the two experimental diets ...Objective To investigate the hypocholesterolemic activity of red yeast rice （RYR） and its underlying mechanism. Methods Three groups of hamsters were fed either the control diet or one of the two experimental diets containing by weight 0.1% RYR （0.1RYR） or 0.3% RYR （0.3RYR）. Blood （0.5 mL） was collected from the retro-orbital sinus into a heparinized capillary tube at the end of week 0, 3, and 6. Plasma lipoproteins were measured using enzymatic kits, while fecal neutral and acidic sterols were quantified using a gas-liquid chromatography. Results Plasma total cholesterol was reduced by 12% in 0.1RYR group and by 18% in 0.3RYR group compared with the control value. Similarly, plasma triacylglycerol was decreased by 11% in 0.1RYR group and by 24% in 0.3RYR group. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that RYR had no effect on sterol regulatory element binding protein 2, fiver X receptor, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary-CoA reductase, LDL receptor, and cholesterol-7α-hydroxylase. HPLC analysis confirmed that RYR contained 0.88% monacolin K. It was recently found that RYR supplementation increased excretion of fecal acidic sterols by 34 folds compared with the conlrol value. Conclusion Hypocholesterolemic activity of RYR is mediated at least partially by enhancement of acidic sterol excretion.展开更多
The phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） composition was analyzed in two red soils experimentally contaminated with copper at different concentrations. The total amounts ofphospholipid fatty acids （PLFAs） in both red so...The phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） composition was analyzed in two red soils experimentally contaminated with copper at different concentrations. The total amounts ofphospholipid fatty acids （PLFAs） in both red soils were significantly correlated with soil microbial biomass C and N, which decreased consistently with increasing levels of copper. The relative quantities of the PLFAs 17：0 （10 Me）, i16：0, il 5：0 and 16：1w5c, decreased with increasing heavy metal concentration, while those of cyl7：0, which is an indicator of gram-negative bacteria, increased. The Shannon index calculated from the PLFA data indicated that Cu addition in the red soils decreased the population diversity of soil microbial communities. Multivariate analysis of PLFA data demonstrated that high levels of Cu application had a significant impact on microbial community structure and there is a threshold metal concentration for PLFA composition. Comparatively higher toxic effect on microbial biomass and community structure were found in the red sandy soil than those in the red clayey soil. The differential effect of Cu addition on microbial communities in the two soils may be due to differences in soil texture and cation exchange capacity.展开更多
It is critical to establish a direct and precise method with a high sensitivity and selectivity in analytical chemistry. In this research, making use of a well known phenomenon of capillary flow, we have proposed an...It is critical to establish a direct and precise method with a high sensitivity and selectivity in analytical chemistry. In this research, making use of a well known phenomenon of capillary flow, we have proposed an image analysis method of nucleic acids at the price of a small amount of sample. When a droplet of the supramolecular complex solution, formed by neutral red and nucleic acids(NA) under an approximate neutral condition, was placed on the hydrophobic surface of dimethyl dichlorosilane pretreated glass slides, and it was evaporated, the supramolecular complex exhibited the periphery of the droplet due to the capillary effect, and accumulated there to form a red capillary flow directed assembly ring(CFDAR). A typical CFDAR has an outer diameter of (2 r ) about 1.18 mm and a ring width(2 δ ) of about 41 μm. Depending on the experimental conditions, a variety of CFDAR can be assembled. The experimental results are in agreement with our former theoretical discussion. It was found that when a droplet volume is 0.1 μL, the fluorescence intensity of the CFDAR formed by the NR NA is in proportion to the content of calf thymus DNA in the range of 0-0.28 ng, fish sperm DNA of 0-0.24 ng and yeast RNA of 0-0.16 ng with the limit of detection(3 σ ) of 1 7, 1.4 and 0.9 pg, respectively for the three nucleic acids.展开更多
In this study nanoporous NiO was prepared using Ni(CH3COO)2,4H2O, folic acid and water as starting material, template and solvent respectively, by sol gel method followed by calcination at 400℃. The solid product was...In this study nanoporous NiO was prepared using Ni(CH3COO)2,4H2O, folic acid and water as starting material, template and solvent respectively, by sol gel method followed by calcination at 400℃. The solid product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and photoluminescence (PL) techniques. The particle size of the nanoparticles estimated by XRD was in good agreement with the particle size obtained by TEM analysis (4-5nm). It was also found that the prepared nanoporous NiO show very good activity for photodegredation of dye organic pollutants such as Congo red (91%) during 1.5 hours.展开更多
Tannic acid (TA) and TA containing beverage have been proved to inhibit Ca2+-activated Cl- channel located apical membrane of the secretory cells. However, their effect on salivary fluid secretion is not well investig...Tannic acid (TA) and TA containing beverage have been proved to inhibit Ca2+-activated Cl- channel located apical membrane of the secretory cells. However, their effect on salivary fluid secretion is not well investigated. We used mouse ex Vivo submandibular gland perfusion technique to identify the general effect of TA and related beverage samples on muscarinic agonist carbachol induced fluid secretion. Green tea inhibited fluid secretion by 64% from the control, where oolong tea was by 53%, and red wine by 43% which was linked with their TA concentration. On the other hand, though TA was contained at 4.7 μM in white wine sample and 33 μM in coffee extract, no adverse effect was observed. In addition, coffee induced salivation in the absence of carbachol. TA had a negative effect on fluid secretion with a concentration dependent manner. The effects of TA on carbachol induced calcium increase showed identical as fluid secretion, which was initially no effect, and then gradually decreased over the time. These results demonstrate that TA directly inhibits the salivary fluid secretion and it affects not only Ca2+-activated Cl- channel but also intracellular Ca2+ increasing mechanisms.展开更多
This study investigated the heat-acid activated red mud used for hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) removal from aqueous solution. The results showed that the heat-acid activated red mud enhanced hexavalent chromium removal c...This study investigated the heat-acid activated red mud used for hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) removal from aqueous solution. The results showed that the heat-acid activated red mud enhanced hexavalent chromium removal capacity from 0.003 to 0.015 mg·g﹣1. Adsorption experiments were conducted as a function of adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and reaction temperature. The removal efficiency was found to increase gradually when solution pH decreased and maximum removal was achieved at pH 2. The physico-chemical characteristics of heat-acid activated red mud were studied by using instrumental technique like Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). The experimental data fitted well to Langmuir isotherm model. Thermodynamic parameters indicated the adsorption process was exothermic reaction. The cost-effective performance and, simple operation suggest the heat-acid activated red mud can be taken as a promising sorbents for removal of Cr6+ from wastewater.展开更多
Fish livers a good source of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and omega 3, are usually discarded as a waste when fish are processed for human consumption in Sudan. Highly fresh <span style="font-family:V...Fish livers a good source of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and omega 3, are usually discarded as a waste when fish are processed for human consumption in Sudan. Highly fresh <span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span></span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Triaenodon obesus</span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span></span></i><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and</span><i> </i></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span></i></span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Hipposcarus harid</span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span></span></i><span><span><i><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">fish were purchased from Port Sudan fish central market during December 2014. The fatty acid profiles of the livers of these commercially important fish were determined. The polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids ratio in the livers oil of </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span></span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">T. obesus</span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span></span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">H. harid</span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> was 1:2.2 and 1:1.38, respectively. The Palmatic (16:0), Pentadecenoic (12:0) and Arachidic acids were the highest in both species. The poly chain unsaturated fatty acids Linolenic (18:3n</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3), Eicosapentaenoic (20:5n</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3) and Docosahexaenoic (22:6n</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3) were detected in the liver of both species. The highest values of above poly chain unsaturated fatty acids were detected in </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span></span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">T. obesus</span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></i></span></span>展开更多
Total lipid contents,lipid classes and fatty acid compositions of hot-air dried edible black ants（Polyrhachis vicina Roger） from Wenzhou and Guizhou,China,and edible red ant（Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius） from T...Total lipid contents,lipid classes and fatty acid compositions of hot-air dried edible black ants（Polyrhachis vicina Roger） from Wenzhou and Guizhou,China,and edible red ant（Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius） from Thailand were determined.The major lipid components were triacylglycerol（43.4-79.4% of total lipid）,followed by phospholipids（6.1-21.5%）,diacylglycerol（6.1-18.1%） and cholesterol ester（4.9-13.5%） while free fatty acids（1.8-2.9%） and sterol（0.5-0.8%） were the minor components.Oleic acid（C18：1） was the most predominant fatty acid,accounting for 3 407.8,9 098.8 and 3 790.1 mg 100 g-1 in Wenzhou and Guizhou black ants,and Thai red ant,respectively.Followed by palmitic acid（C16：0）,922.9,2 523.3 and 1 511.8 mg 100 g-1;linoleic acid（C18：2n-6）,133.7,305.2 and 506.4 mg 100 g-1;α-linolenic acid（C18：3n-3）,35.1,138.0 and 52.5 mg 100 g-1;eicosapentaenoic acid（C20：5n-3） was 19.1,15.0 and 20.0 mg 100 g-1 in Wenzhou and Guizhou black ants,and Thai red ant,respectively.Docosapentaenoic acid（C22：5n-3） was only found in black ants,7.0 and 7.3 mg 100 g-1 for Wenzhou and Guizhou ants,respectively.The edible black and red ants were shown to be a good source of unsaturated fatty acid.展开更多
Burn injuries are common in Pakistan. However, most people are reluctant to have infrared treatment for their wounds. This study investigated the efficacy of infrared treatment on burn wounds. The procedure involved a...Burn injuries are common in Pakistan. However, most people are reluctant to have infrared treatment for their wounds. This study investigated the efficacy of infrared treatment on burn wounds. The procedure involved a burn victim who had sustained acid burns to the neck and face. Nectrotomy was done to remove dead tissue from the burn wound, and after treatment, Low-Level Light was used to reduce pain and enhance healing in the patient. Initial results showed mild hypertrophic scars, no stiffness. Post-operation therapy included physical training regimens and massage. The patient showed satisfactory results and felt less tightness in neck movements by the following treatment. The article concludes by showing that infrared light promoted repair and regrowth at a cellular level.展开更多
A novel technology which combined electrochemical process catalyzed by manganese mineral with electro-assisted coagulation process was proposed in this study. The mineralization of organic pollutant from simulated dye...A novel technology which combined electrochemical process catalyzed by manganese mineral with electro-assisted coagulation process was proposed in this study. The mineralization of organic pollutant from simulated dye wastewater containing an azo dye Acid Red B（ARB） was experimentally investigated using this method. It was found that the manganese mineral could catalyze the electrochemical process dramatically. The TOC removal percentage of electrochemical treatment catalyzed by manganese mineral was 43.6% while the TOC removal percentage of the process using the manganese mineral alone and using the electrolysis alone were 9.3% and 20.8%, respectively. Moreover, it was found that combined electroxidation with electro-assisted coagulation process could more effectively eliminate ARB. After a period of 180 min electrooxidation and 300 min electroreduction, almost 66.9% of TOC was removed, and the dissolved Mn^2＋. could be effectivly removed. The effects of the order of oxidation and reduction, the proper ratio electrooxidation/reduction time, and current density on the removal efficiency were investigated in detail. In addition, a proposed mechanism of manganese-mineral-catalyzed electrooxidation-reduction process was discussed in this paper.展开更多
文摘Azo dyes have received considerable attention because of their association with various human health problems. The aim of the investigation is to determine the adsorption behavior ofazo dyes in aqueous solution on DG06, GSE17200, and GSE17201 soils using C. I. Acid Red 14 （AR14） as example. The experimental results indicate that the Freundlich model expresses the adsorption isotherm better than the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order model achieves adsorption of AR14 on the three soils well. Based on the pseudo-second-order model, the adsorption thermodynamic of AR14 on DG06 soil have been studied and the thermodynamics parameter of AGO is determined and AGO value shows the adsorption process of AR14 on DG06 is mainly physical in nature. Furthermore, the effects of temperature, pH and salinity （NaC1） on adsorption have been investigated. The decrease in pH or the increase in salinity enhances the adsorption of AR14 by DG06, GSE17200, and GSE17201.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangxi,China(Guike AD19245169,Guike AD18281072,Guike AA17202037,Guike AB16380164).
文摘The soil in Guangxi has been severely acidified,restricting sustainable development of agriculture.In this paper,based on the screening of organic fertilizer additives,a method for the production of acidification-resistant organic fertilizer specific for acid red soil improvement was proposed,and the developed acidification-resistant organic fertilizer was used in sugarcane experiment.The results showed that in the treatment that the specific acidification-resistant organic fertilizer was applied,the yield of sugarcane significantly increased,the p H value of soil effectively increased,the physical and chemical properties of soil improved,and the contents of microorganisms and available nutrients in soil increased.
基金the financial support provided by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0714400)Shaanxi Science&Technology Co-ordination&Innovation Project(2024GX-YBXM-518).
文摘The dye and textile industry commonly employs activated carbon adsorption technology due to its costeffectiveness and high efficiency.However,disposing of waste-activated carbon has a significant environ-mental and human health impact,and it’s a huge economic waste.This study investigates the kinetic and isothermal adsorption characteristics of Acid Red G dye adsorption by Powdered Activated Carbon derived from coconut shells.To effectively reuse activated carbon and maximise resource conservation,regeneration experi-ments were carried out using Supercritical Water at 24 MPa and 400℃ for 30 min.The experimental results demonstrated that,in comparison with thermal regeneration,supercritical water possesses the benefits of environmental protection,economic efficiency and extensive applicability.This is of considerable importance to the field of research concerning the regeneration of activated carbon.
文摘Dyes are common pollutants in textile wastewaters, and the treatment of the wastewater has now attracted much attention due to its wide application and low biodegradability. In this study, Fe^0/C/Clay ceramics, a kind of novel micro-electrolysis filler, were sintered and employed in a dynamic micro-electrolysis reactor for synthetic Acid Red 73 （AR73） and Reactive Blue 4 （RB4） wastewater treatment. The effects ofinfluent pH, hydraulic retention time （HRT）, and aeration on the decoloration efficiencies of AR73 and RB4 were studied. The optimum conditions for wastewater treatment were： AR73, influent pH of 4, HRT of 2 h and aeration; RB4, influent pH of 5, HRT of 6 h and aeration. Under the optimum conditions, decoloration efficiency of AR73 and RB4 wastewater was 96% and 83%, respectively. Results of UV-vis spectrum scanning demonstrated that the chromophores were broken. Continuous running tests showed that improvement of micro-electrolysis system with Fe^0/C/Clay ceramics for AR73 and RB4 synthetic wastewater treatment could avoid failure of micro-electrolysis reactor, which indicated great potential for the practical application of the ceramics in the field of actual industrial wastewater treatment.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Advance Research Foundation of Shaanxi University of Science and Technology(Grant No.2020XSGG-07)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2022GY-278)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shannxi(Program No.2023-JC-YB-104).
文摘The discharge of large amounts of dye-containing wastewater seriously threats the environment.Adsorbents have been adopted to remove these dyes present in the wastewater.However,the high adsorption capacity,predominant pH-responsibility,and excellent recyclability are three challenges to the development of efficient adsorbents.The poly(acryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride)-graft-dialdehyde cellulose nanocrystals were synthesized in our work.Subsequently,the cationic dialdehyde cellulose nanocrystal cross-linked chitosan nanocomposite foam was fabricated via freeze-drying of the hydrogel.Under the optimal ratio of the cationic dialdehyde cellulose nanocrystal/chitosan(w/w)of 12/100,the resultant foam(Foam-12)possesses excellent absorption properties,such as high porosity,high content of active sites,strong acid resistance,and high amorphous region.Then,Foam-12 was applied as an eco-friendly adsorbent to remove acid red 134(a representative of anionic dyes)from aqueous solutions.The maximum dye adsorption capacity of 1238.1 mg∙g^(‒1) is achieved under the conditions of 20 mg∙L‒1 adsorbents,100 mg∙L^(‒1) dye,pH 3.5,24 h,and 25℃.The dominant adsorption mechanism for the anionic dye adsorption is electrostatic attraction,and Foam-12 can effectively adsorb acid red 134 at pH 2.5–5.5 and be desorbed at pH 8.Its easy recovery and good reusability are verified by the repeated acid adsorption–alkaline desorption experiments.
文摘TiO2 nanotube precursor was synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of TiO2 powders with NaOH solution and the properties of the nanotube materials were tuned using different post-treatments. Transmission electron microscopic （TEM） observation revealed that the nanotube could be obtained by either a direct rinse with acid solution or rinse with distilled water followed by acid solution. The results of X-ray diffraction （XRD） and inductively coupled plasma （ICP） analysis indicated that the nanotube material was composed of H2Ti2O5·H2O. In addition, the photocatalytic activities of the resulting catalysts were found to be strongly dependent on the post-treatment. The results of the photocatalytic reaction showed that the degradation of Acid-red 3B dye fitted pseudo-zero-order kinetics and TiO2 nanotube prepared under direct rinse with acid solution exhibited a higher catalytic efficiency compared to other catalysts.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 29877027)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China
文摘Adsorption and desorption process of cadmium in red soil (Ferrisols) as well as the influence by media' s pH were investigated in detail with and without citric acid and EDTA. Experimental results clearly showed that Cd adsorption in red soil was affected significantly by the coexisted organic chemicals. In the presence of citric acid and EDTA, Cd adsorption in red soil increased with pH in acid media but decreased in high pH one. Further studies placed stress on the adsorbed Cd in red soil which was found to be existed mainly as exchangeable one at pH < 5.5, and desorption rate by 0.10 mol/L NaNO3 gave a peak-shaped curve due to the difference of specifically and nonspecifically adsorbed Cd with pH's change.
文摘Objective To investigate the hypocholesterolemic activity of red yeast rice （RYR） and its underlying mechanism. Methods Three groups of hamsters were fed either the control diet or one of the two experimental diets containing by weight 0.1% RYR （0.1RYR） or 0.3% RYR （0.3RYR）. Blood （0.5 mL） was collected from the retro-orbital sinus into a heparinized capillary tube at the end of week 0, 3, and 6. Plasma lipoproteins were measured using enzymatic kits, while fecal neutral and acidic sterols were quantified using a gas-liquid chromatography. Results Plasma total cholesterol was reduced by 12% in 0.1RYR group and by 18% in 0.3RYR group compared with the control value. Similarly, plasma triacylglycerol was decreased by 11% in 0.1RYR group and by 24% in 0.3RYR group. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that RYR had no effect on sterol regulatory element binding protein 2, fiver X receptor, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary-CoA reductase, LDL receptor, and cholesterol-7α-hydroxylase. HPLC analysis confirmed that RYR contained 0.88% monacolin K. It was recently found that RYR supplementation increased excretion of fecal acidic sterols by 34 folds compared with the conlrol value. Conclusion Hypocholesterolemic activity of RYR is mediated at least partially by enhancement of acidic sterol excretion.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30200164 40371063) and the Foundation for the Retuned Scholars ofZhejiang Province
文摘The phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） composition was analyzed in two red soils experimentally contaminated with copper at different concentrations. The total amounts ofphospholipid fatty acids （PLFAs） in both red soils were significantly correlated with soil microbial biomass C and N, which decreased consistently with increasing levels of copper. The relative quantities of the PLFAs 17：0 （10 Me）, i16：0, il 5：0 and 16：1w5c, decreased with increasing heavy metal concentration, while those of cyl7：0, which is an indicator of gram-negative bacteria, increased. The Shannon index calculated from the PLFA data indicated that Cu addition in the red soils decreased the population diversity of soil microbial communities. Multivariate analysis of PLFA data demonstrated that high levels of Cu application had a significant impact on microbial community structure and there is a threshold metal concentration for PLFA composition. Comparatively higher toxic effect on microbial biomass and community structure were found in the red sandy soil than those in the red clayey soil. The differential effect of Cu addition on microbial communities in the two soils may be due to differences in soil texture and cation exchange capacity.
基金Supported by the NationalNaturalScience Foundation of China( No. 2 0 175 0 1) and U niversity Key Teachers Programdirected under the Ministry of Education ofP.R.China( No. 2 0 0 0 - 6 5 )
文摘It is critical to establish a direct and precise method with a high sensitivity and selectivity in analytical chemistry. In this research, making use of a well known phenomenon of capillary flow, we have proposed an image analysis method of nucleic acids at the price of a small amount of sample. When a droplet of the supramolecular complex solution, formed by neutral red and nucleic acids(NA) under an approximate neutral condition, was placed on the hydrophobic surface of dimethyl dichlorosilane pretreated glass slides, and it was evaporated, the supramolecular complex exhibited the periphery of the droplet due to the capillary effect, and accumulated there to form a red capillary flow directed assembly ring(CFDAR). A typical CFDAR has an outer diameter of (2 r ) about 1.18 mm and a ring width(2 δ ) of about 41 μm. Depending on the experimental conditions, a variety of CFDAR can be assembled. The experimental results are in agreement with our former theoretical discussion. It was found that when a droplet volume is 0.1 μL, the fluorescence intensity of the CFDAR formed by the NR NA is in proportion to the content of calf thymus DNA in the range of 0-0.28 ng, fish sperm DNA of 0-0.24 ng and yeast RNA of 0-0.16 ng with the limit of detection(3 σ ) of 1 7, 1.4 and 0.9 pg, respectively for the three nucleic acids.
文摘In this study nanoporous NiO was prepared using Ni(CH3COO)2,4H2O, folic acid and water as starting material, template and solvent respectively, by sol gel method followed by calcination at 400℃. The solid product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and photoluminescence (PL) techniques. The particle size of the nanoparticles estimated by XRD was in good agreement with the particle size obtained by TEM analysis (4-5nm). It was also found that the prepared nanoporous NiO show very good activity for photodegredation of dye organic pollutants such as Congo red (91%) during 1.5 hours.
文摘Tannic acid (TA) and TA containing beverage have been proved to inhibit Ca2+-activated Cl- channel located apical membrane of the secretory cells. However, their effect on salivary fluid secretion is not well investigated. We used mouse ex Vivo submandibular gland perfusion technique to identify the general effect of TA and related beverage samples on muscarinic agonist carbachol induced fluid secretion. Green tea inhibited fluid secretion by 64% from the control, where oolong tea was by 53%, and red wine by 43% which was linked with their TA concentration. On the other hand, though TA was contained at 4.7 μM in white wine sample and 33 μM in coffee extract, no adverse effect was observed. In addition, coffee induced salivation in the absence of carbachol. TA had a negative effect on fluid secretion with a concentration dependent manner. The effects of TA on carbachol induced calcium increase showed identical as fluid secretion, which was initially no effect, and then gradually decreased over the time. These results demonstrate that TA directly inhibits the salivary fluid secretion and it affects not only Ca2+-activated Cl- channel but also intracellular Ca2+ increasing mechanisms.
文摘This study investigated the heat-acid activated red mud used for hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) removal from aqueous solution. The results showed that the heat-acid activated red mud enhanced hexavalent chromium removal capacity from 0.003 to 0.015 mg·g﹣1. Adsorption experiments were conducted as a function of adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and reaction temperature. The removal efficiency was found to increase gradually when solution pH decreased and maximum removal was achieved at pH 2. The physico-chemical characteristics of heat-acid activated red mud were studied by using instrumental technique like Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). The experimental data fitted well to Langmuir isotherm model. Thermodynamic parameters indicated the adsorption process was exothermic reaction. The cost-effective performance and, simple operation suggest the heat-acid activated red mud can be taken as a promising sorbents for removal of Cr6+ from wastewater.
文摘Fish livers a good source of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and omega 3, are usually discarded as a waste when fish are processed for human consumption in Sudan. Highly fresh <span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span></span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Triaenodon obesus</span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span></span></i><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and</span><i> </i></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span></i></span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Hipposcarus harid</span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span></span></i><span><span><i><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">fish were purchased from Port Sudan fish central market during December 2014. The fatty acid profiles of the livers of these commercially important fish were determined. The polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids ratio in the livers oil of </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span></span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">T. obesus</span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span></span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">H. harid</span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> was 1:2.2 and 1:1.38, respectively. The Palmatic (16:0), Pentadecenoic (12:0) and Arachidic acids were the highest in both species. The poly chain unsaturated fatty acids Linolenic (18:3n</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3), Eicosapentaenoic (20:5n</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3) and Docosahexaenoic (22:6n</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3) were detected in the liver of both species. The highest values of above poly chain unsaturated fatty acids were detected in </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span></span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">T. obesus</span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></i></span></span>
文摘Total lipid contents,lipid classes and fatty acid compositions of hot-air dried edible black ants（Polyrhachis vicina Roger） from Wenzhou and Guizhou,China,and edible red ant（Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius） from Thailand were determined.The major lipid components were triacylglycerol（43.4-79.4% of total lipid）,followed by phospholipids（6.1-21.5%）,diacylglycerol（6.1-18.1%） and cholesterol ester（4.9-13.5%） while free fatty acids（1.8-2.9%） and sterol（0.5-0.8%） were the minor components.Oleic acid（C18：1） was the most predominant fatty acid,accounting for 3 407.8,9 098.8 and 3 790.1 mg 100 g-1 in Wenzhou and Guizhou black ants,and Thai red ant,respectively.Followed by palmitic acid（C16：0）,922.9,2 523.3 and 1 511.8 mg 100 g-1;linoleic acid（C18：2n-6）,133.7,305.2 and 506.4 mg 100 g-1;α-linolenic acid（C18：3n-3）,35.1,138.0 and 52.5 mg 100 g-1;eicosapentaenoic acid（C20：5n-3） was 19.1,15.0 and 20.0 mg 100 g-1 in Wenzhou and Guizhou black ants,and Thai red ant,respectively.Docosapentaenoic acid（C22：5n-3） was only found in black ants,7.0 and 7.3 mg 100 g-1 for Wenzhou and Guizhou ants,respectively.The edible black and red ants were shown to be a good source of unsaturated fatty acid.
文摘Burn injuries are common in Pakistan. However, most people are reluctant to have infrared treatment for their wounds. This study investigated the efficacy of infrared treatment on burn wounds. The procedure involved a burn victim who had sustained acid burns to the neck and face. Nectrotomy was done to remove dead tissue from the burn wound, and after treatment, Low-Level Light was used to reduce pain and enhance healing in the patient. Initial results showed mild hypertrophic scars, no stiffness. Post-operation therapy included physical training regimens and massage. The patient showed satisfactory results and felt less tightness in neck movements by the following treatment. The article concludes by showing that infrared light promoted repair and regrowth at a cellular level.
文摘A novel technology which combined electrochemical process catalyzed by manganese mineral with electro-assisted coagulation process was proposed in this study. The mineralization of organic pollutant from simulated dye wastewater containing an azo dye Acid Red B（ARB） was experimentally investigated using this method. It was found that the manganese mineral could catalyze the electrochemical process dramatically. The TOC removal percentage of electrochemical treatment catalyzed by manganese mineral was 43.6% while the TOC removal percentage of the process using the manganese mineral alone and using the electrolysis alone were 9.3% and 20.8%, respectively. Moreover, it was found that combined electroxidation with electro-assisted coagulation process could more effectively eliminate ARB. After a period of 180 min electrooxidation and 300 min electroreduction, almost 66.9% of TOC was removed, and the dissolved Mn^2＋. could be effectivly removed. The effects of the order of oxidation and reduction, the proper ratio electrooxidation/reduction time, and current density on the removal efficiency were investigated in detail. In addition, a proposed mechanism of manganese-mineral-catalyzed electrooxidation-reduction process was discussed in this paper.
