Summary： We performed a retrospective, case-control study to evaluate whether the urine flow acceleration （UFA, mL/s2） is superior to maximum uroflow （Qmax, mL/s） in diagnosing bladder outlet obstruction （BOO） ...Summary： We performed a retrospective, case-control study to evaluate whether the urine flow acceleration （UFA, mL/s2） is superior to maximum uroflow （Qmax, mL/s） in diagnosing bladder outlet obstruction （BOO） in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH）. In this study, a total of 50 men with BPH （age： 58±12.5 years） and 50 controls （age： 59±13.0 years） were included. A pressure-flow study was used to determine the presence of BOO according to the recommendations of Incontinence Control Society （ICS）. The results showed that the UFA and Qmax in BPH group were much lower than those in the control group [（2.05±0.85） vs. （4.60±1.25） mL/s2 and （8.50±1.05） vs. （13.00±3.35） mL/s] （P〈0.001）. Accol;ding to the criteria （UFA〈2.05 mL/s2, Qmax〈10 mL/s）, the sensitivity and specificity of UFA vs. Qmax in diagnosing BOO were 88%, 75% vs. 81%, 63%. UFA vs. Omax, when compared with the results of P-Q chart （the kappa values in corresponding analysis）, was 0.55 vs. 0.35. The pros- tate volume, post void residual and detrusor pressure at Qmax between the two groups were 28.6±9.8 vs. 24.2±7.6 mL, 60.4±1.4 vs. 21.3±2.5 mL and 56.6±8.3 vs. 21.7±6.1 cmHzO, respectively （P〈0.05）. It was concluded that the UFA is a useful urodynamic parameter, and is superior to Qmax in diagnosing BOO in patients with BPH.展开更多
Laser-driven ion acceleration,as produced by interaction of a high-intensity laser with a target,is a growing field of interest.One of the current challenges is to enhance the acceleration process,i.e.,to increase the...Laser-driven ion acceleration,as produced by interaction of a high-intensity laser with a target,is a growing field of interest.One of the current challenges is to enhance the acceleration process,i.e.,to increase the produced ion energy and the ion number and to shape the energy distribution for future applications.In this paper,we investigate the effect of helical coil(HC)targets on the laser-matter interaction process using a 150 TW laser.We demonstrate that HC targets significantly enhance proton acceleration,improving energy bunching and beam focusing and increasing the cutoff energy.For the first time,we extend this analysis to carbon ions,revealing a marked reduction in the number of low-energy carbon ions and the potential for energy bunching and post-acceleration through an optimized HC design.Simulations using the particle-in-cell code SOPHIE confirm the experimental results,providing insights into the current propagation and ion synchronization mechanisms in HCs.Our findings suggest that HC targets can be optimized for multispecies ion acceleration.展开更多
Because of the complexities of tire-road interaction,the wheels of a multi-wheel distributed electricdrive vehicle can easily slip under certain working conditions.As wheel slip affects the dynamic per-formance and st...Because of the complexities of tire-road interaction,the wheels of a multi-wheel distributed electricdrive vehicle can easily slip under certain working conditions.As wheel slip affects the dynamic per-formance and stability of the vehicle,it is crucial to control it and coordinate the driving force.With this aim,this paper presents a driving force coordination control strategy with road identification for eight-wheeled electric vehicles equipped with an in-wheel motor for each wheel.In the proposed control strategy,the road identification module estimates tire-road forces using an unscented Kalman filter al-gorithm and recognizes the road adhesion coefficient by employing the recursive least-square method According to road identification,the optimal sip ratio under the current driving condition is obtainedand a controller based on sliding mode control with a conditional integrator uses this value for accel-eration slip regulation.The anti-slip controller obtains the adjusting torque,which is integrated with the driver-command-based feedforward control torque to implement driving force coordination control.The results of hardware-in-loop simulation show that this control strategy can accurately estimate tire-roadrces as well as the friction coefficient,and thus,can effectively fulfill the purpose of driving force coordinated control under different driving conditions.展开更多
文摘Summary： We performed a retrospective, case-control study to evaluate whether the urine flow acceleration （UFA, mL/s2） is superior to maximum uroflow （Qmax, mL/s） in diagnosing bladder outlet obstruction （BOO） in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH）. In this study, a total of 50 men with BPH （age： 58±12.5 years） and 50 controls （age： 59±13.0 years） were included. A pressure-flow study was used to determine the presence of BOO according to the recommendations of Incontinence Control Society （ICS）. The results showed that the UFA and Qmax in BPH group were much lower than those in the control group [（2.05±0.85） vs. （4.60±1.25） mL/s2 and （8.50±1.05） vs. （13.00±3.35） mL/s] （P〈0.001）. Accol;ding to the criteria （UFA〈2.05 mL/s2, Qmax〈10 mL/s）, the sensitivity and specificity of UFA vs. Qmax in diagnosing BOO were 88%, 75% vs. 81%, 63%. UFA vs. Omax, when compared with the results of P-Q chart （the kappa values in corresponding analysis）, was 0.55 vs. 0.35. The pros- tate volume, post void residual and detrusor pressure at Qmax between the two groups were 28.6±9.8 vs. 24.2±7.6 mL, 60.4±1.4 vs. 21.3±2.5 mL and 56.6±8.3 vs. 21.7±6.1 cmHzO, respectively （P〈0.05）. It was concluded that the UFA is a useful urodynamic parameter, and is superior to Qmax in diagnosing BOO in patients with BPH.
基金supported by the CEA/DAM Laser Plasma Experiments Validation Project and the CEA/DAM Basic Technical and Scientific Studies Projectsupported by the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)(Grant Nos.RGPIN-2023-05459 and ALLRP 556340-20)+3 种基金the Digital Research Alliance of Canada(Job pve-323-ac)the Canada Foundation for Innovation(CFI)the Ministère de l’Économie,de l’Innovation et de l’Énergie(MEIE)from QuébecThis study was granted access to the HPC resources of IRENE under allocation Grant No.A0170512899 made by GENCI.We acknowledge the financial support of the IdEx University of Bordeaux/Grand Research Program“GPR LIGHT”and of the Graduate Program on Light Sciences and Technologies of the University of Bordeaux.
文摘Laser-driven ion acceleration,as produced by interaction of a high-intensity laser with a target,is a growing field of interest.One of the current challenges is to enhance the acceleration process,i.e.,to increase the produced ion energy and the ion number and to shape the energy distribution for future applications.In this paper,we investigate the effect of helical coil(HC)targets on the laser-matter interaction process using a 150 TW laser.We demonstrate that HC targets significantly enhance proton acceleration,improving energy bunching and beam focusing and increasing the cutoff energy.For the first time,we extend this analysis to carbon ions,revealing a marked reduction in the number of low-energy carbon ions and the potential for energy bunching and post-acceleration through an optimized HC design.Simulations using the particle-in-cell code SOPHIE confirm the experimental results,providing insights into the current propagation and ion synchronization mechanisms in HCs.Our findings suggest that HC targets can be optimized for multispecies ion acceleration.
基金This work was supported by the Weapons and Equipment Pre-Research Project of China(No.301051102).
文摘Because of the complexities of tire-road interaction,the wheels of a multi-wheel distributed electricdrive vehicle can easily slip under certain working conditions.As wheel slip affects the dynamic per-formance and stability of the vehicle,it is crucial to control it and coordinate the driving force.With this aim,this paper presents a driving force coordination control strategy with road identification for eight-wheeled electric vehicles equipped with an in-wheel motor for each wheel.In the proposed control strategy,the road identification module estimates tire-road forces using an unscented Kalman filter al-gorithm and recognizes the road adhesion coefficient by employing the recursive least-square method According to road identification,the optimal sip ratio under the current driving condition is obtainedand a controller based on sliding mode control with a conditional integrator uses this value for accel-eration slip regulation.The anti-slip controller obtains the adjusting torque,which is integrated with the driver-command-based feedforward control torque to implement driving force coordination control.The results of hardware-in-loop simulation show that this control strategy can accurately estimate tire-roadrces as well as the friction coefficient,and thus,can effectively fulfill the purpose of driving force coordinated control under different driving conditions.
