The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of para valvular regurgitation(PVR) in the Artificial Valve Endocarditis Reduction Trial (AVERT) cohort. The initial AVERT cohort consisted of 807...The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of para valvular regurgitation(PVR) in the Artificial Valve Endocarditis Reduction Trial (AVERT) cohort. The initial AVERT cohort consisted of 807 patients randomized to receive either a Silzone coated prosthetic valve or a conventional prosthetic valve; early clinical reports showed higher rates of valve explant caused by PVR for Silzone coated prosthetic valve. Of the 678 eligible patients, 575(85%) underwent postoperative transthoracic echocardiograms. The presence and severity of PVR were identified by color flow Doppler. Reviewers were blinded to the typ e of prosthetic valve and the demographic and clinical variables. Among those wh o underwent echocardiography (Silzone coated prosthetic valve, n=285 and conven tional prosthetic valve, n=290), 59%had prosthetic aortic valves, 32%prostheti c mitral valves, and 9%had both; demographic and clinical findings (i.e., prost hetic valve endocarditis, thromboembolism, bleeding, and all cause death) were similar for the two groups. Echocardiographically determined PVR was present in 50 valves: Silzone coated prosthetic valve, 29 of 285 (10%) and conventional p rosthetic valve, 21 of 290(7%, p=NS); the severity of PVR was similar in both g roups. Kaplan Meier analysis showed no significant differences in PVR at 24 mon ths from valve implantation between the two groups(24-month event free rate: 9 3%Silzone coated prosthetic valve vs. 94%conventional prosthetic valve, p=NS) . Excluding those patients who had initial prosthetic valve explant, the two ye ar echocardiographic follow up of the AVERT cohort shows no statistically signi ficant differences in the prevalence or severity of PVR in the Silzone coated p rosthetic valve compared with the conventional prosthetic valve. Further monitor ing is warranted to determine whether these clinical outcomes remain similar on long term follow up.展开更多
THE Chinese economy faces three major risks： burst of real estate bubbles, risks of local gov ernment financing platforms and split of capital chains for private lending.
Premier Wen Jiabao said food safety scandals in China indicate serious moral degradation Incidents related to food safety indicate that"dishonesty and moral degradation"have become a very serious problem in ...Premier Wen Jiabao said food safety scandals in China indicate serious moral degradation Incidents related to food safety indicate that"dishonesty and moral degradation"have become a very serious problem in the country,Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said on April 14.Wen made the remark during展开更多
The world has left the worst of the financial crisis behind, but memories of the meltdown have barely faded. But what made the world’s economy so vulnerable, and what kinds of lessons can we draw from it?
文摘The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of para valvular regurgitation(PVR) in the Artificial Valve Endocarditis Reduction Trial (AVERT) cohort. The initial AVERT cohort consisted of 807 patients randomized to receive either a Silzone coated prosthetic valve or a conventional prosthetic valve; early clinical reports showed higher rates of valve explant caused by PVR for Silzone coated prosthetic valve. Of the 678 eligible patients, 575(85%) underwent postoperative transthoracic echocardiograms. The presence and severity of PVR were identified by color flow Doppler. Reviewers were blinded to the typ e of prosthetic valve and the demographic and clinical variables. Among those wh o underwent echocardiography (Silzone coated prosthetic valve, n=285 and conven tional prosthetic valve, n=290), 59%had prosthetic aortic valves, 32%prostheti c mitral valves, and 9%had both; demographic and clinical findings (i.e., prost hetic valve endocarditis, thromboembolism, bleeding, and all cause death) were similar for the two groups. Echocardiographically determined PVR was present in 50 valves: Silzone coated prosthetic valve, 29 of 285 (10%) and conventional p rosthetic valve, 21 of 290(7%, p=NS); the severity of PVR was similar in both g roups. Kaplan Meier analysis showed no significant differences in PVR at 24 mon ths from valve implantation between the two groups(24-month event free rate: 9 3%Silzone coated prosthetic valve vs. 94%conventional prosthetic valve, p=NS) . Excluding those patients who had initial prosthetic valve explant, the two ye ar echocardiographic follow up of the AVERT cohort shows no statistically signi ficant differences in the prevalence or severity of PVR in the Silzone coated p rosthetic valve compared with the conventional prosthetic valve. Further monitor ing is warranted to determine whether these clinical outcomes remain similar on long term follow up.
文摘THE Chinese economy faces three major risks： burst of real estate bubbles, risks of local gov ernment financing platforms and split of capital chains for private lending.
文摘Premier Wen Jiabao said food safety scandals in China indicate serious moral degradation Incidents related to food safety indicate that"dishonesty and moral degradation"have become a very serious problem in the country,Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said on April 14.Wen made the remark during
文摘The world has left the worst of the financial crisis behind, but memories of the meltdown have barely faded. But what made the world’s economy so vulnerable, and what kinds of lessons can we draw from it?
文摘在最新版的ISO标准《结构可靠性总原则ISO 2394:2015》中,通过引入柯布-道格拉斯弹性常数,对生活质量指数(Life Quality Index,LQI)进行了改进。本文综合世界各国对休闲时间比例的观点,结合ISO 2394:2015对工作时间比例进行的修正,改进了避免死亡隐含费用(Implied Cost of Averting a Fatality,ICAF)和社会生命挽救成本(Societal Life Saving Cost,SLSC)等社会经济综合指标。采用基于改进LQI的社会可接受准则,通过考虑我国社会经济发展状况、居民休闲娱乐的时间以及期望寿命等因素,对我国地震中人员伤亡损失的货币价值进行了评估,对我国31个省市2008年及2017年的ICAF值进行了计算和对比分析,并以汶川地震及钢筋混凝土框架结构为例,研究了ICAF和SLSC在地震人员伤亡损失估计中的应用。
