During a livestream,a host is busy presenting products,engaging with viewers and figuring out their shopping preferences."This toner not only provides hydration but also delivers essential nutrients to the skin.&...During a livestream,a host is busy presenting products,engaging with viewers and figuring out their shopping preferences."This toner not only provides hydration but also delivers essential nutrients to the skin."展开更多
This paper investigates the issue of identity construction in the emerging field of virtual clothing,using a set of digital artworks and a gaming community case study as research objects.Within the globally influentia...This paper investigates the issue of identity construction in the emerging field of virtual clothing,using a set of digital artworks and a gaming community case study as research objects.Within the globally influential ACG(Animation,Comics,and Games)subculture,the digital“Avatar”has become the primary site for identity construction.Employing a mixed-methods approach that combines semiotic analysis,case studies,and exploratory metrics,this paper argues that virtual clothing,hairstyles,and aesthetic modifications are not mere representations but are practices imbued with performativity.The article uses a triangular theoretical framework composed of Roland Barthes’s fashion semiotics,Judith Butler’s theory of performativity,and Homi Bhabha’s concept of the“Third Space”as its main structure,supplemented by theories such as the“Proteus effect”,the“extended self”,and posthumanist thought,to provide a multi-dimensional interpretation of digital identity construction.The core proposition of this paper is that the“digital skin”,as a“performative interface”and“wearable capital”,not only constructs fluid,networked identities but also embodies social and economic value that operates within specific platform ecosystems.Through the analysis of visual grammar,in-game unlock mechanisms,and community discourse,this paper aims to reveal that the study of digital self-presentation has become a critical new frontier in the field of costume and culture studies,elucidating how identity is shaped,negotiated,and capitalized upon in the increasingly prevalent virtual environments of the 21st century.展开更多
Recent advancements in the field have resulted in significant progress in achieving realistic head reconstruction and manipulation using neural radiance fields(NeRF).Despite these advances,capturing intricate facial d...Recent advancements in the field have resulted in significant progress in achieving realistic head reconstruction and manipulation using neural radiance fields(NeRF).Despite these advances,capturing intricate facial details remains a persistent challenge.Moreover,casually captured input,involving both head poses and camera movements,introduces additional difficulties to existing methods of head avatar reconstruction.To address the challenge posed by video data captured with camera motion,we propose a novel method,AvatarWild,for reconstructing head avatars from monocular videos taken by consumer devices.Notably,our approach decouples the camera pose and head pose,allowing reconstructed avatars to be visualized with different poses and expressions from novel viewpoints.To enhance the visual quality of the reconstructed facial avatar,we introduce a view-dependent detail enhancement module designed to augment local facial details without compromising viewpoint consistency.Our method demonstrates superior performance compared to existing approaches,as evidenced by reconstruction and animation results on both multi-view and single-view datasets.Remarkably,our approach stands out by exclusively relying on video data captured by portable devices,such as smartphones.This not only underscores the practicality of our method but also extends its applicability to real-world scenarios where accessibility and ease of data capture are crucial.展开更多
BACKGROUND Systematic review focuses on the visual patient avatar(VPA)technology,a tool designed to enhance situational awareness in anesthesia by transforming traditional numerical data into intuitive visual displays...BACKGROUND Systematic review focuses on the visual patient avatar(VPA)technology,a tool designed to enhance situational awareness in anesthesia by transforming traditional numerical data into intuitive visual displays.AIM To explore how VPA can improve perceptual performance,reduce cognitive load,and increase user acceptance,potentially leading to better patient outcomes.METHODS The review is based on 14 studies conducted between 2018 and 2023 in five different hospitals across Europe.RESULTS These studies demonstrate that VPA allows clinicians to perceive and recall vital signs more efficiently than conventional monitoring methods.The technology’s intuitive design helps reduce cognitive workload,indicating less mental effort required for patient monitoring.Users’feedback on VPA was generally positive,highlighting its potential to enhance monitoring and decision-making in highstress environments.However,some users noted the need for further development,particularly in visualization design and data integration.CONCLUSION Review concludes that VPA technology represents a significant advancement in patient monitoring,promoting better situational awareness and potentially improving safety in perioperative care.展开更多
This study examines the emerging sustainability of metaverse ecosystems,which combine multiple virtual and augmented reality spaces where users interact.ESG criteria,which align with the Sustainable Development Goals ...This study examines the emerging sustainability of metaverse ecosystems,which combine multiple virtual and augmented reality spaces where users interact.ESG criteria,which align with the Sustainable Development Goals and promote economic and financial sustainability,represent best practice standards for screening and backing viable projects.The research focus begins with the historical ESG scoring of metaverseprone BigTechs,demonstrating that they are more sustainable than traditional firms,as evidenced by the increase in the probability of payment between traditional clients and suppliers.Multilayer networks are then introduced,incorporating the scalability features of new nodes(avatars)and links that make the metaverse economically sustainable.The strongest ESG issues concern the social and governance component:access to the metaverse is hardened by authoritarian regimes,or ludopathies may be exacerbated by 3D dependence,detaching addicted surfers from the real world.Our findings show that integrating multilayer network theory with ESG metrics not only promotes economic sustainability but also supports governance innovations that drive digital inclusivity.By integrating ESG metrics with multilayer network theory,this research enhances economic sustainability and reveals governance innovations that foster digital inclusivity,strengthening the metaverse’s long-term viability.展开更多
Through investigating a particular blog, several factors were found which have significant influence on reader actions. This study uses the term “memetic primers” for those styles that most often cause readers to ta...Through investigating a particular blog, several factors were found which have significant influence on reader actions. This study uses the term “memetic primers” for those styles that most often cause readers to take notice of a particular comment, remember information included in it, and take action. The memetic primers were derived in a discourse analysis. The study discovered the memetic primers using logic-of-inquire approach to the online comments. While evidence indicated that the usefulness of some primers was low, it emerged those negatively written comments where the most common impact on a comment’s volume.展开更多
Avatars play a key role in how persons interact within virtual environments,acting as the digital selves.There are many types of avatars,each serving the purpose of representing users or others in these immersive spac...Avatars play a key role in how persons interact within virtual environments,acting as the digital selves.There are many types of avatars,each serving the purpose of representing users or others in these immersive spaces.However,the optimal approach for these avatars remains unclear.Although consumer applications often use cartoon-like ava-tars,this trend is not as common in work settings.To gain a better understanding of the kinds of avatars people prefer,three studies were conducted involving both screen-based and virtual reality setups,looking into how social settings might affect the way people choose their avatars.Personalized avatars were created for 91 participants,including 71 employees in the automotive field and 20 participants not affiliated with the company.The research shows that work-type situations influence the chosen avatar.At the same time,a correlation between the type of display medium used to display the avatar or the person’s personality and their avatar choice was not found.Based on the findings,recom-mendations are made for future avatar representations in work environments and implications and research questions derived that can guide future research.展开更多
Avatars, as promising digital representations and service assistants of users in Metaverses, can enable drivers and passengers to immerse themselves in 3D virtual services and spaces of UAV-assisted vehicular Metavers...Avatars, as promising digital representations and service assistants of users in Metaverses, can enable drivers and passengers to immerse themselves in 3D virtual services and spaces of UAV-assisted vehicular Metaverses. However, avatar tasks include a multitude of human-to-avatar and avatar-to-avatar interactive applications, e.g., augmented reality navigation,which consumes intensive computing resources. It is inefficient and impractical for vehicles to process avatar tasks locally. Fortunately, migrating avatar tasks to the nearest roadside units(RSU)or unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV) for execution is a promising solution to decrease computation overhead and reduce task processing latency, while the high mobility of vehicles brings challenges for vehicles to independently perform avatar migration decisions depending on current and future vehicle status. To address these challenges, in this paper, we propose a novel avatar task migration system based on multi-agent deep reinforcement learning(MADRL) to execute immersive vehicular avatar tasks dynamically. Specifically, we first formulate the problem of avatar task migration from vehicles to RSUs/UAVs as a partially observable Markov decision process that can be solved by MADRL algorithms. We then design the multi-agent proximal policy optimization(MAPPO) approach as the MADRL algorithm for the avatar task migration problem. To overcome slow convergence resulting from the curse of dimensionality and non-stationary issues caused by shared parameters in MAPPO, we further propose a transformer-based MAPPO approach via sequential decision-making models for the efficient representation of relationships among agents. Finally, to motivate terrestrial or non-terrestrial edge servers(e.g., RSUs or UAVs) to share computation resources and ensure traceability of the sharing records, we apply smart contracts and blockchain technologies to achieve secure sharing management. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the MAPPO approach by around 2% and effectively reduces approximately 20% of the latency of avatar task execution in UAV-assisted vehicular Metaverses.展开更多
The metaverse has emerged as a prominent topic with growing interest fueled by advancements in Web 3.0,blockchain,and immersive technologies.This paper presents a thorough analysis of the metaverse,showcasing its evol...The metaverse has emerged as a prominent topic with growing interest fueled by advancements in Web 3.0,blockchain,and immersive technologies.This paper presents a thorough analysis of the metaverse,showcasing its evolution from a conceptual phase rooted in science fiction to a dynamic and transformative digital environment impacting various sectors including gaming,education,healthcare,and entertainment.The paper introduces the metaverse,details its historical development,and introduces key technologies that enable its existence such as virtual and augmented reality,blockchain,and artificial intelligence.Further this work explores diverse application scenarios,future trends,and critical challenges including data privacy,technological limitations,and integration issues that must be addressed for the metaverse to reach its full potential.The significance of this study lies in its comprehensive nature,providing insights not only for researchers and practitioners but also for policymakers aiming to navigate the complexities of the metaverse and leverage its capabilities for societal advancements.Finaly,the paper forecast the future where the metaverse plays an integral role in reshaping human interaction,commerce,and creativity,thus emphasizing the need for ongoing research and collaborative efforts to unlock its vast possibilities.展开更多
Purpose:This research presents findings from a qualitative exploration of the reactions of adolescents(12-14 years old)to navigating an exergame with an avatar created from multiple scans of the player(referred to as ...Purpose:This research presents findings from a qualitative exploration of the reactions of adolescents(12-14 years old)to navigating an exergame with an avatar created from multiple scans of the player(referred to as a self-representational avatar).Methods:Post-gameplay interviews were conducted with adolescents following participation in a 20-min laboratory session(21.2±0.8 min,mean±SD)where the self-representational avatar was navigated through an exergame.Verbatim transcripts(n=40)were coded and analyzed by 2 independent coders using hybrid thematic analysis for this secondary data analysis.Codes were reviewed to identify themes representing adolescents’reactions.Results:Four themes emerged.Adolescents connected with their avatars and felt protective toward them,which influenced their actions in the exergame and contributed to their overall game enjoyment.Conclusion:Creating exergames navigated by a self-representational avatar was an enjoyable experience and influenced gameplay.Future research should explore the effect of this approach on gameplay frequency and intensity over time.展开更多
Objective:The liver is the most common metastatic site in advanced colorectal cancer.Most patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis(CRLM)cannot benefit from currently available treatment.Patient-derived xenogra...Objective:The liver is the most common metastatic site in advanced colorectal cancer.Most patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis(CRLM)cannot benefit from currently available treatment.Patient-derived xenograft(PDX)models with defined molecular signatures are attractive preclinical models and essential for preclinical studies.展开更多
Nowadays,theuse of Avatars that are unique digital depictions has increased by users to access Metaverse—a virtual reality environment—through multiple devices and for various purposes.Therefore,the Avatar and Metav...Nowadays,theuse of Avatars that are unique digital depictions has increased by users to access Metaverse—a virtual reality environment—through multiple devices and for various purposes.Therefore,the Avatar and Metaverse are being developed with a new theory,application,and design,necessitating the association of more personal data and devices of targeted users every day.This Avatar and Metaverse technology explosion raises privacy and security concerns,leading to cyber attacks.MV-Honeypot,or Metaverse-Honeypot,as a commercial off-the-shelf solution that can counter these cyber attack-causing vulnerabilities,should be developed.To fill this gap,we study user’s engagements with Avatars in Metaverse,analyze possible security vulnerabilities,and create a model named Simplified Avatar Relationship Association with Non-linear Gradient(SARANG)that draws the full diagram of infrastructure components and data flow through accessing Metaverse in this paper.We also determine the most significant threat for each component’s cyberattacks that will affect user data and Avatars.As a result,the commercial off-the-shelf(COTS)of the MV-Honeypot must be established.展开更多
文摘During a livestream,a host is busy presenting products,engaging with viewers and figuring out their shopping preferences."This toner not only provides hydration but also delivers essential nutrients to the skin."
文摘This paper investigates the issue of identity construction in the emerging field of virtual clothing,using a set of digital artworks and a gaming community case study as research objects.Within the globally influential ACG(Animation,Comics,and Games)subculture,the digital“Avatar”has become the primary site for identity construction.Employing a mixed-methods approach that combines semiotic analysis,case studies,and exploratory metrics,this paper argues that virtual clothing,hairstyles,and aesthetic modifications are not mere representations but are practices imbued with performativity.The article uses a triangular theoretical framework composed of Roland Barthes’s fashion semiotics,Judith Butler’s theory of performativity,and Homi Bhabha’s concept of the“Third Space”as its main structure,supplemented by theories such as the“Proteus effect”,the“extended self”,and posthumanist thought,to provide a multi-dimensional interpretation of digital identity construction.The core proposition of this paper is that the“digital skin”,as a“performative interface”and“wearable capital”,not only constructs fluid,networked identities but also embodies social and economic value that operates within specific platform ecosystems.Through the analysis of visual grammar,in-game unlock mechanisms,and community discourse,this paper aims to reveal that the study of digital self-presentation has become a critical new frontier in the field of costume and culture studies,elucidating how identity is shaped,negotiated,and capitalized upon in the increasingly prevalent virtual environments of the 21st century.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.6247075018 and No.62322210)the Innovation Funding of ICT,CAS(No.E461020)+1 种基金Beijing Munici-pal Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.JQ21013)Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(No.Z231100005923031).
文摘Recent advancements in the field have resulted in significant progress in achieving realistic head reconstruction and manipulation using neural radiance fields(NeRF).Despite these advances,capturing intricate facial details remains a persistent challenge.Moreover,casually captured input,involving both head poses and camera movements,introduces additional difficulties to existing methods of head avatar reconstruction.To address the challenge posed by video data captured with camera motion,we propose a novel method,AvatarWild,for reconstructing head avatars from monocular videos taken by consumer devices.Notably,our approach decouples the camera pose and head pose,allowing reconstructed avatars to be visualized with different poses and expressions from novel viewpoints.To enhance the visual quality of the reconstructed facial avatar,we introduce a view-dependent detail enhancement module designed to augment local facial details without compromising viewpoint consistency.Our method demonstrates superior performance compared to existing approaches,as evidenced by reconstruction and animation results on both multi-view and single-view datasets.Remarkably,our approach stands out by exclusively relying on video data captured by portable devices,such as smartphones.This not only underscores the practicality of our method but also extends its applicability to real-world scenarios where accessibility and ease of data capture are crucial.
文摘BACKGROUND Systematic review focuses on the visual patient avatar(VPA)technology,a tool designed to enhance situational awareness in anesthesia by transforming traditional numerical data into intuitive visual displays.AIM To explore how VPA can improve perceptual performance,reduce cognitive load,and increase user acceptance,potentially leading to better patient outcomes.METHODS The review is based on 14 studies conducted between 2018 and 2023 in five different hospitals across Europe.RESULTS These studies demonstrate that VPA allows clinicians to perceive and recall vital signs more efficiently than conventional monitoring methods.The technology’s intuitive design helps reduce cognitive workload,indicating less mental effort required for patient monitoring.Users’feedback on VPA was generally positive,highlighting its potential to enhance monitoring and decision-making in highstress environments.However,some users noted the need for further development,particularly in visualization design and data integration.CONCLUSION Review concludes that VPA technology represents a significant advancement in patient monitoring,promoting better situational awareness and potentially improving safety in perioperative care.
文摘This study examines the emerging sustainability of metaverse ecosystems,which combine multiple virtual and augmented reality spaces where users interact.ESG criteria,which align with the Sustainable Development Goals and promote economic and financial sustainability,represent best practice standards for screening and backing viable projects.The research focus begins with the historical ESG scoring of metaverseprone BigTechs,demonstrating that they are more sustainable than traditional firms,as evidenced by the increase in the probability of payment between traditional clients and suppliers.Multilayer networks are then introduced,incorporating the scalability features of new nodes(avatars)and links that make the metaverse economically sustainable.The strongest ESG issues concern the social and governance component:access to the metaverse is hardened by authoritarian regimes,or ludopathies may be exacerbated by 3D dependence,detaching addicted surfers from the real world.Our findings show that integrating multilayer network theory with ESG metrics not only promotes economic sustainability but also supports governance innovations that drive digital inclusivity.By integrating ESG metrics with multilayer network theory,this research enhances economic sustainability and reveals governance innovations that foster digital inclusivity,strengthening the metaverse’s long-term viability.
文摘Through investigating a particular blog, several factors were found which have significant influence on reader actions. This study uses the term “memetic primers” for those styles that most often cause readers to take notice of a particular comment, remember information included in it, and take action. The memetic primers were derived in a discourse analysis. The study discovered the memetic primers using logic-of-inquire approach to the online comments. While evidence indicated that the usefulness of some primers was low, it emerged those negatively written comments where the most common impact on a comment’s volume.
基金funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)under Germany’s Excellence Strategy-EXC 2075-390740016.
文摘Avatars play a key role in how persons interact within virtual environments,acting as the digital selves.There are many types of avatars,each serving the purpose of representing users or others in these immersive spaces.However,the optimal approach for these avatars remains unclear.Although consumer applications often use cartoon-like ava-tars,this trend is not as common in work settings.To gain a better understanding of the kinds of avatars people prefer,three studies were conducted involving both screen-based and virtual reality setups,looking into how social settings might affect the way people choose their avatars.Personalized avatars were created for 91 participants,including 71 employees in the automotive field and 20 participants not affiliated with the company.The research shows that work-type situations influence the chosen avatar.At the same time,a correlation between the type of display medium used to display the avatar or the person’s personality and their avatar choice was not found.Based on the findings,recom-mendations are made for future avatar representations in work environments and implications and research questions derived that can guide future research.
基金supported in part by NSFC (62102099, U22A2054, 62101594)in part by the Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program (2021QN02S643)+9 种基金Guangzhou Basic Research Program (2023A04J1699)in part by the National Research Foundation, SingaporeInfocomm Media Development Authority under its Future Communications Research Development ProgrammeDSO National Laboratories under the AI Singapore Programme under AISG Award No AISG2-RP-2020-019Energy Research Test-Bed and Industry Partnership Funding Initiative, Energy Grid (EG) 2.0 programmeDesCartes and the Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE) programmeMOE Tier 1 under Grant RG87/22in part by the Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) (SRG-ISTD-2021- 165)in part by the SUTD-ZJU IDEA Grant SUTD-ZJU (VP) 202102in part by the Ministry of Education, Singapore, through its SUTD Kickstarter Initiative (SKI 20210204)。
文摘Avatars, as promising digital representations and service assistants of users in Metaverses, can enable drivers and passengers to immerse themselves in 3D virtual services and spaces of UAV-assisted vehicular Metaverses. However, avatar tasks include a multitude of human-to-avatar and avatar-to-avatar interactive applications, e.g., augmented reality navigation,which consumes intensive computing resources. It is inefficient and impractical for vehicles to process avatar tasks locally. Fortunately, migrating avatar tasks to the nearest roadside units(RSU)or unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV) for execution is a promising solution to decrease computation overhead and reduce task processing latency, while the high mobility of vehicles brings challenges for vehicles to independently perform avatar migration decisions depending on current and future vehicle status. To address these challenges, in this paper, we propose a novel avatar task migration system based on multi-agent deep reinforcement learning(MADRL) to execute immersive vehicular avatar tasks dynamically. Specifically, we first formulate the problem of avatar task migration from vehicles to RSUs/UAVs as a partially observable Markov decision process that can be solved by MADRL algorithms. We then design the multi-agent proximal policy optimization(MAPPO) approach as the MADRL algorithm for the avatar task migration problem. To overcome slow convergence resulting from the curse of dimensionality and non-stationary issues caused by shared parameters in MAPPO, we further propose a transformer-based MAPPO approach via sequential decision-making models for the efficient representation of relationships among agents. Finally, to motivate terrestrial or non-terrestrial edge servers(e.g., RSUs or UAVs) to share computation resources and ensure traceability of the sharing records, we apply smart contracts and blockchain technologies to achieve secure sharing management. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the MAPPO approach by around 2% and effectively reduces approximately 20% of the latency of avatar task execution in UAV-assisted vehicular Metaverses.
基金supported by Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province(Grant No.23A520054)Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research and Development Program Joint Fund(Application Research)(Grant No.232103810045)+1 种基金Henan ProvinceHigh end Foreign Expert Introduction Program Project(Grant No.HNGD2024034)Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology(Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications)(Grant No.SKLNST-2020-2-01).
文摘The metaverse has emerged as a prominent topic with growing interest fueled by advancements in Web 3.0,blockchain,and immersive technologies.This paper presents a thorough analysis of the metaverse,showcasing its evolution from a conceptual phase rooted in science fiction to a dynamic and transformative digital environment impacting various sectors including gaming,education,healthcare,and entertainment.The paper introduces the metaverse,details its historical development,and introduces key technologies that enable its existence such as virtual and augmented reality,blockchain,and artificial intelligence.Further this work explores diverse application scenarios,future trends,and critical challenges including data privacy,technological limitations,and integration issues that must be addressed for the metaverse to reach its full potential.The significance of this study lies in its comprehensive nature,providing insights not only for researchers and practitioners but also for policymakers aiming to navigate the complexities of the metaverse and leverage its capabilities for societal advancements.Finaly,the paper forecast the future where the metaverse plays an integral role in reshaping human interaction,commerce,and creativity,thus emphasizing the need for ongoing research and collaborative efforts to unlock its vast possibilities.
基金supported by funding from the National Institutes of Health(to ZD and DTR21HD075048)funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No.58-3092-5-001。
文摘Purpose:This research presents findings from a qualitative exploration of the reactions of adolescents(12-14 years old)to navigating an exergame with an avatar created from multiple scans of the player(referred to as a self-representational avatar).Methods:Post-gameplay interviews were conducted with adolescents following participation in a 20-min laboratory session(21.2±0.8 min,mean±SD)where the self-representational avatar was navigated through an exergame.Verbatim transcripts(n=40)were coded and analyzed by 2 independent coders using hybrid thematic analysis for this secondary data analysis.Codes were reviewed to identify themes representing adolescents’reactions.Results:Four themes emerged.Adolescents connected with their avatars and felt protective toward them,which influenced their actions in the exergame and contributed to their overall game enjoyment.Conclusion:Creating exergames navigated by a self-representational avatar was an enjoyable experience and influenced gameplay.Future research should explore the effect of this approach on gameplay frequency and intensity over time.
文摘Objective:The liver is the most common metastatic site in advanced colorectal cancer.Most patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis(CRLM)cannot benefit from currently available treatment.Patient-derived xenograft(PDX)models with defined molecular signatures are attractive preclinical models and essential for preclinical studies.
基金supported by the Institute of Information&Communications Technology Planning&Evaluation(IITP)(Project Nos.2022-0-00701,10%,RS-2023-00228996,10%,RS-2022-00165794,10%)the ICTR&DProgram of MSIT/IITP(ProjectNo.2021-0-01816,10%)a National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean Government(Project No.RS2023-00208460,60%).
文摘Nowadays,theuse of Avatars that are unique digital depictions has increased by users to access Metaverse—a virtual reality environment—through multiple devices and for various purposes.Therefore,the Avatar and Metaverse are being developed with a new theory,application,and design,necessitating the association of more personal data and devices of targeted users every day.This Avatar and Metaverse technology explosion raises privacy and security concerns,leading to cyber attacks.MV-Honeypot,or Metaverse-Honeypot,as a commercial off-the-shelf solution that can counter these cyber attack-causing vulnerabilities,should be developed.To fill this gap,we study user’s engagements with Avatars in Metaverse,analyze possible security vulnerabilities,and create a model named Simplified Avatar Relationship Association with Non-linear Gradient(SARANG)that draws the full diagram of infrastructure components and data flow through accessing Metaverse in this paper.We also determine the most significant threat for each component’s cyberattacks that will affect user data and Avatars.As a result,the commercial off-the-shelf(COTS)of the MV-Honeypot must be established.
