BACKGROUND Currently,adolescent depression is one of the most significant public health concerns,markedly influencing emotional,cognitive,and social maturation.Despite advancements in distinguish the neurobiological s...BACKGROUND Currently,adolescent depression is one of the most significant public health concerns,markedly influencing emotional,cognitive,and social maturation.Despite advancements in distinguish the neurobiological substrates underlying depression,the intricate patterns of disrupted brain network connectivity in adolescents warrant further exploration.AIM To elucidate the neural correlates of adolescent depression by examining brain network connectivity using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI).METHODS The study cohort comprised 74 depressed adolescents and 59 healthy controls aged 12 to 17 years.Participants underwent rs-fMRI to evaluate functional connectivity within and across critical brain networks,including the visual,default mode network(DMN),dorsal attention,salience,somatomotor,and frontoparietal control networks.RESULTS Analyses revealed pronounced functional disparities within key neural circuits among adolescents with depression.The results demonstrated existence of hemispheric asymmetries characterized by enhanced activity in the left visual network,which contrasted the diminished activity in the right hemisphere.The DMN facilitated increased activity within the left prefrontal cortex and reduced engagement in the right hemisphere,implicating disrupted self-referential and emotional processing mechanisms.Additionally,an overactive right dorsal attention network and a hypoactive salience network were identified,underscoring significant abnormalities in attentional and emotional regulation in adolescent depression.CONCLUSION The findings from this study underscore distinct neural connectivity disruptions in adolescent depression,underscoring the critical role of specific neurobiological markers for precise early diagnosis of adolescent depression.The observed functional asymmetries and network-specific deviations elucidate the complex neurobiological architecture of adolescent depression,supporting the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.展开更多
Two factorization approaches have been proposed for single transverse spin asymmetries. One is the cofiinear factorization, the other is the transverse-momentum-dependent factorization. They have been previously deriv...Two factorization approaches have been proposed for single transverse spin asymmetries. One is the cofiinear factorization, the other is the transverse-momentum-dependent factorization. They have been previously derived in a formal way by using diagram expansion at hadron level. If the two factorizations hold or can be proven, they should also hold when we replace hadrons with patton states. We examine these two factorizations at patton level with massless partons. It is nontrivial to generate these asymmetries at parton level with massless patrons because the asymmetries require helicity-flip and nonzero absorptive parts in scattering amplitudes. By constructing suitable patton states with massless partons we derive the two factorizations for the asymmetry in Drell-Yan processes. It is found from our results that the collinear factorization derived at parton level is not the same as that derived at hadron level. Our results with massless partons confirm those derived with single massive parton state in our previous works.展开更多
Forced geostrophic turbulence on the surface of a rotating sphere (so called β-plane turbulence) is simulated trough the use of the β-SQG+1 numerical model. Domain occupied by the fluid has a channel geometry with 5...Forced geostrophic turbulence on the surface of a rotating sphere (so called β-plane turbulence) is simulated trough the use of the β-SQG+1 numerical model. Domain occupied by the fluid has a channel geometry with 512 by 256 grid points, periodic boundary conditions in x-direction and rigid boundaries in y-direction. Random forcing is applied at high wave-numbers in the spectral space. To better understand eddies dynamics we simulate both regimes, with and without stochastic forcing, starting from identical initial conditions. Direct numerical simulations exhibit different dynamical properties in different regimes. In the freely evolving case, a wave term that competes with inertia on large-scales (added as a result of the β-effect) produces high meridional asymmetries in the eddies spatial and time scales. This asymmetry is added to the standard for the β-plane turbulence zonal asymmetry. In the forced regime there is not only anisotropy in the eddies deformation radius, but also in their orientation. The preferred direction for the warm anomalies elongation is north-western, while for the cold anomalies is north-eastern. These results may explain the observed meridional meandering of the mid-latitude zonal jets.展开更多
An analysis of the monetary synchronization of the Union of South American Nations （UNASUR） for the decade 2004 through 2013 has been conducted using the optimum currency area （OCA） theories in order to evaluate t...An analysis of the monetary synchronization of the Union of South American Nations （UNASUR） for the decade 2004 through 2013 has been conducted using the optimum currency area （OCA） theories in order to evaluate the economic integration. By applying Bayoumi and Eichengreen＇s equation, it was found that with a decent adjustment, a high percentage of countries show a tendency to harmonize their currencies in function of the four independent variables： output disturbances, the dissimilarity in exports composition, the trade linkages, and the size of the economies. To extend the model, mobility of labor and level of the integration in good＇s market were added by modifying Behrens＇ proposal, founding that the six variables are indeed related to the exchange rate harmonization at different significant levels, with a considerable moderate fitting. Additionally an analysis of variance （ANOVA） has been considered in order to study the following economic indicators： gross domestic product （GDP）, population, GDP per capita, exports to group vs. total exports, unemployment, and inflation rates so as to visualize the economic asymmetries of the Union, for the same period. Differences were inferred for all of them but not for their annual speed of change. The least significant differences （LSD） provide further results and Duncan＇s multiple range tests lead to defining groups of countries with similar characteristics.展开更多
Using the form factors calculated both in lattice QCD and HQET, we analyze the branching ratio, doublelepton polarization asymmetries and averaged double-lepton polarization asymmetries of Λ_b →Λμ^+μ^- decay in t...Using the form factors calculated both in lattice QCD and HQET, we analyze the branching ratio, doublelepton polarization asymmetries and averaged double-lepton polarization asymmetries of Λ_b →Λμ^+μ^- decay in the2 HDM Ⅲ, respectively. Combining the experimental constrains on the 2HDM Ⅲ parameters, we take two set of representative parameter spaces in our calculations. For the branching ratio of Λ+b →Λμμ-decay, considering the uncertainties of the form factors and input parameters, we find the results of both SM and 2HDM Ⅲ can satisfy the current experimental data in the framework of lattice QCD, but not in HQET. Then we calculate the double-lepton polarization asymmetries Pij and their averaged values Pij, we find the double-lepton polarization asymmetries PLT,PNN, and PTT are sensitive to the 2HDM Ⅲ. However, PLN, PNL, PNT, and PTN show the opposite results. The contribution of the 2HDM Ⅲ to their averaged values have similar results.展开更多
This paper seeks to highlight the macroeconomic asymmetries and social impacts among eurozone countries which occurred during the time of the financial crisis,emphasising the urgent need to revise the framework of eco...This paper seeks to highlight the macroeconomic asymmetries and social impacts among eurozone countries which occurred during the time of the financial crisis,emphasising the urgent need to revise the framework of economic governance.The analysis focuses on the growing macroeconomic and social imbalances on a representative sample of selected eurozone member-states(Euro(€)North and Euro(€)South)which had posed a threat to economic sustainability and social coherence.展开更多
The physical processes associated with changes in the convective structure of an idealized tropical cyclone （TC） during landfall on a beta-plane were studied using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-...The physical processes associated with changes in the convective structure of an idealized tropical cyclone （TC） during landfall on a beta-plane were studied using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University- National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model, version 3 （MM5）. The simulation results suggested that the suppression of moisture supply and increased friction acted to enhance the convection from the left and front quadrants of the TC to the front and right of the TC during different periods of landfall. When surface moisture flux was turned off, convection in other parts of the quadrant was clearly suppressed and the total rainfall was reduced. When surface friction was increased, precipitation showed a marked increase after the TC made landfall. Wetter air at low and intermediate levels, and drier air at high levels around the onshore side of the coastline led to a high value of convective available potential energy （CAPE）. Consequently, convection was enhanced immediately downstream of this area when the surface moisture flux was cut off. When surface friction was increased, the physical process was similar prior to landfall. After landfall, increased convergence at the onshore side of the land resulted in enhanced convection in front of the TC. Consistent with previous findings, our results suggest that during landfall the TC structure changes from one of thermodynamic symmetry to asymmetry due to differential moisture flux between the land and sea surface. The asymmetry of the thermodynamic structure, which can be explained by the distribution of CAPE, causes an asymmetric rainfall structure.展开更多
The most powerful method to diagnose the velocity field in solar flare atmosphere isspectral analyses. That is to analyse the asymmetry and the Doppler shift of flare spectralline profiles. Recent observations indicat...The most powerful method to diagnose the velocity field in solar flare atmosphere isspectral analyses. That is to analyse the asymmetry and the Doppler shift of flare spectralline profiles. Recent observations indicated that at the impulsive phase of flares thereare obvious red asymmetry of Hα profiles and a downward velocity of 40-100km/s展开更多
Non-right-handedness(NRH),encompassing left-handedness and mixed-handedness,has been frequently reported at elevated rates in individuals with various psychiatric disorders.The consistency of this association across m...Non-right-handedness(NRH),encompassing left-handedness and mixed-handedness,has been frequently reported at elevated rates in individuals with various psychiatric disorders.The consistency of this association across multiple conditions and its underlying mechanisms is the subject of ongoing investigation.This review synthesized current evidence to explore the association between NRH and psychiatric disorders from epidemiological,genetic,and neurobiological perspectives.We systematically identified and appraised relevant literature investigating NRH prevalence in psychiatric populations and potential explanatory mechanisms.Epidemiological evidence indicates an elevated prevalence of NRH,particularly within neurodevelopmental disorders.Potential contributing mechanisms identified include early developmental disruptions,shared genetic predispositions,and atypical patterns of brain lateralization.While the association between NRH and psychiatric conditions,especially neurodevelopmental disorders,is evident,the causal pathways and relative contributions of identified mechanisms are complex and debated.This review highlighted key areas requiring further research to elucidate these relationships.展开更多
Background:Schizophrenia(SCZ)is a complex psychiatric disorder associated with widespread alterations in the subcortical brain structure.Hemispheric asymmetries are a fundamental organizational principle of the human ...Background:Schizophrenia(SCZ)is a complex psychiatric disorder associated with widespread alterations in the subcortical brain structure.Hemispheric asymmetries are a fundamental organizational principle of the human brain and relate to human psychological and behavioral characteristics.We aimed to explore the state of thalamic lateralization of SCZ.Methods:We used voxel-based morphometry(VBM)analysis,whole-brain analysis of low-frequency fluctuations(ALFF),fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(fALFF),and resting-state seed-based functional connectivity(FC)analysis to investigate brain structural and functional deficits in SCZ.Also,we applied Pearson’’s correlation analysis to validate the correlation between Positive and Negative Symptom Scale(PANSS)scores and them.Results:Compared with healthy controls,SCZ showed increased gray matter volume(GMV)of the left thalamus(t=2.214,p=0.029),which positively correlated with general psychosis(r=0.423,p=0.010).SCZ also showed increased ALFF in the putamen,the caudate nucleus,the thalamus,fALFF in the nucleus accumbens(NAc),and the caudate nucleus,and decreased fALFF in the precuneus.The left thalamus showed significantly weaker resting-state FC with the amygdala and insula in SCZ.PANSS negative symptom scores were negatively correlated with the resting-state FC between the thalamus and the insula(r=-0.414,p=0.025).Conclusions:Collectively,these results suggest the possibility of aberrant laterality in the left thalamus and its FC with other related brain regions involved in the limbic system.展开更多
The paper investigates the positive feedback trading phenomenon of individual stocks in China’s stock market.Heterogeneous regression models and a non-parametric Sentana-Wadhwani model are developed and applied to pr...The paper investigates the positive feedback trading phenomenon of individual stocks in China’s stock market.Heterogeneous regression models and a non-parametric Sentana-Wadhwani model are developed and applied to prove the existence of rise-favor asymmetric feedback trading.This result is consistent with the reality of China’s stock market,that is,the herding behavior of irrational retail investors has a significant influence on the market.However,the result is in contrast with the stylized findings using market indices.Further empirical research shows that this distinction could be explained by the average effect of indices.The asymmetries of positive feedback trading caused by heterogeneous feedback trading and the uneven distributed retail trading in individual stocks,are covered by the weighted average effect in indices.Therefore,the indices exhibit a different asymmetric pattern from that of individual stocks.展开更多
Rapid changes in Tropical Cyclone(TC)structure and intensity are the most diffi cult aspects of TC forecasting.The intensity and structural changes associated with rapid intensifi cation(RI)and rapid weakening(RW)inst...Rapid changes in Tropical Cyclone(TC)structure and intensity are the most diffi cult aspects of TC forecasting.The intensity and structural changes associated with rapid intensifi cation(RI)and rapid weakening(RW)instances of TCs of North Indian Ocean(NIO)are analysed based on 5 cases each for RI and RW.The vertical profi les of heat(Q_1)and moisture(Q_2)based on heat and moisture budget equations are analysed to bring out the role of diabatic heating during the RI and RW processes.The associated structural changes are analysed based on the Fourier fi rst order wave number-1 asymmetry in the precipitation patterns associated with RI and RW instances.During RI process,there are 2 predominant Q_1 maxima associated with latent heat release near the TC centre,one in the upper troposphere and the other in the lower troposphere.During RW process,there is a single dominant Q_1 and Q_2 maxima in the mid-troposphere.Regarding the structural changes,there is a pronounced front-back asymmetry in both RI and RW cases.The asymmetry amplitude in the inner core is lower in the case of RI events but,is quite high for RW events.Thus,RW events are characterised by large convective asymmetry.展开更多
I. INTRODUCTION It has been recognized since the 1940s that flare emission lines are usually asymmetric. Svestka summarized in his book the spectral observations before the 1970s. His main resuits are as follows: (ⅰ)...I. INTRODUCTION It has been recognized since the 1940s that flare emission lines are usually asymmetric. Svestka summarized in his book the spectral observations before the 1970s. His main resuits are as follows: (ⅰ) for most flares, a short-lived blue asymmetry appears at the flare on-展开更多
To improve the goodness of fitting 57Fe M?ssbauer spectra of ferromagnetic amorphous alloys, two problems should be resolved:（ⅰ）How to analyse the asymmetry of peak amplitudes and peak widths in the spectrum about ...To improve the goodness of fitting 57Fe M?ssbauer spectra of ferromagnetic amorphous alloys, two problems should be resolved:（ⅰ）How to analyse the asymmetry of peak amplitudes and peak widths in the spectrum about the spectrum centre; （ⅱ） how to correct the parameters concerned, e. g. the peak area ratio and peak widths in basic subspectra and the average isomer shift, in fitting spectra with the Hesse method or the Window method. In the present note the asym-展开更多
We study the decays ofΛb→Λ(→pπ^(−))ℓ^(+)ℓ^(−)withℓ=(e,μ,τ).We examine the full angular distributions with polarizedΛb,where the T-odd observables are identified.We discuss the possible effects of new physics(N...We study the decays ofΛb→Λ(→pπ^(−))ℓ^(+)ℓ^(−)withℓ=(e,μ,τ).We examine the full angular distributions with polarizedΛb,where the T-odd observables are identified.We discuss the possible effects of new physics(NP)and find that the T-odd observables are sensitive to them as they vanish in the standard model.Special attention is given to the interference of(pseudo)scalar operators with(axial)vector operators in polarized Λ_(b)→Λ(→pπ^(−))τ^(+)τ^(−),which are studied for the first time.Their effects are proportional to the lepton masses and therefore may evade the constraint from Λ_(b)→Λ(→pπ^(−))μ^(+)μ^(−) at the LHCb naturally.AsΛ_(b)→Λ(→pπ^(−))τ^(+)τ^(−) is uncontaminated by the charmonia resonance,it provides a clean background to probe NP.In addition,we show that the experimental central value of K10 in Λ_(b)→Λ(→pπ^(−))μ^(+)μ^(−) at the LHCb can be explained by the NP case,which couples to the right-handed quarks and leptons.The polarization fraction of Λ_(b) at the LHCb is found to be consistent with zero regardless of the NP scenarios.展开更多
While indirect and direct C P violation（CPV） has been established in the decays of strange and beauty mesons, no CPV has yet been found for baryons. There are different paths to finding C P asymmetry in the decays o...While indirect and direct C P violation（CPV） has been established in the decays of strange and beauty mesons, no CPV has yet been found for baryons. There are different paths to finding C P asymmetry in the decays of strange baryons; they are all highly non-trivial. The Hyper CP Collaboration has probed CPV in the decays of singleΞ and Λ [1]. We discuss future lessons from e~＋e^-collisions at BESⅢ/BEPCⅡ： probing decays of pairs of strange baryons, namely Λ, Σ and . Realistic goals are to learn about non-perturbative QCD. One can hope to find CPV in the decays of strange baryons; one can also dream of finding the impact of New Dynamics. We point out that an important new era will start with the BESIII/BEPCII data accumulated by the end of 2018. This also supports new ideas to trigger J/ψ→■Λ at the LHCb collaboration.展开更多
Secondary rhinoplasty to address complications from initial surgical intervention is a technically challenging operation.Common aesthetic complications that plague patients after primary rhinoplasty include nasal tip ...Secondary rhinoplasty to address complications from initial surgical intervention is a technically challenging operation.Common aesthetic complications that plague patients after primary rhinoplasty include nasal tip asymmetries,bossae,and alar retraction.These adverse outcomes are usually a result of over-manipulation and/or over-excision of native cartilage and are especially prevalent in patients with thick lower lateral cartilages and thin nasal skin.Techniques to minimize tissue handling,maintain natural nasal anatomic support and structure,and soften sharp edges from cartilage grafts or incisions are all essential in the prevention of nasal tip irregularities.In addition to prevention,there are many operative and procedural interventions to correct tip asymmetries,bossae,and alar retraction.These interventional corrections include varying cartilage and/or fascial grafts,camouflaging of previously performed grafts,and repositioning of the alar cartilage.展开更多
Auroral Kilometric Radiation (AKR) is a common radio emission,which can contribute to the magnetosphere-ionosphereatmosphere co u pling.Similar emissions have been observed in all magnetic planet magnetospheres of the...Auroral Kilometric Radiation (AKR) is a common radio emission,which can contribute to the magnetosphere-ionosphereatmosphere co u pling.Similar emissions have been observed in all magnetic planet magnetospheres of the solar system.In this study,using observations from the FAST satellite from 30 August 1996 to 9 September 2001,the distribution of AKR in altitude=500-4500 km and invariant latitude (|ILAT|)=60°-80°has been analyzed.63045 AKR samples have been identified with~48%(52%) samples on the dayside (nightside).Of considerable interest,there is a distinct MLT asymmetry with the high occurrence rate in MLT=05-08 and 18-22(02-05 and 12-17) in the northern (southern) hemisphere.The distinct MLT asymmetry is associated with the direction of Bxof the interplaneta ry magnetic field.In addition,the occurrence rate on the nightside clearly increases as the AE^(*) index increases.This study further enriches the information and understanding of AKR in the magnetosphere as well as other similar radio emissions.展开更多
The transverse single-spin asymmetry forρ^(0) production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering was recently reported by the COMPASS Collaboration.Using the Sivers function extracted from pion and kaon productio...The transverse single-spin asymmetry forρ^(0) production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering was recently reported by the COMPASS Collaboration.Using the Sivers function extracted from pion and kaon productions,we perform a calculation of the Sivers asymmetry within the transverse momentum-dependent factorization.Our results are consistent with the COMPASS data,supporting the universality of the Sivers function in the semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering process for different final-state hadrons within current experimental uncertainties.While different parametrizations of the Sivers function from global analyses allow describing the data equally well,we obtain very different predictions on the Sivers asymmetry ofρand K^(*)productions at electron-ion colliders,which therefore are expected to provide further constraints.展开更多
基金Supported by the Medical Research Project of the Chongqing Municipal Health Commission,No.2024WSJK110.
文摘BACKGROUND Currently,adolescent depression is one of the most significant public health concerns,markedly influencing emotional,cognitive,and social maturation.Despite advancements in distinguish the neurobiological substrates underlying depression,the intricate patterns of disrupted brain network connectivity in adolescents warrant further exploration.AIM To elucidate the neural correlates of adolescent depression by examining brain network connectivity using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI).METHODS The study cohort comprised 74 depressed adolescents and 59 healthy controls aged 12 to 17 years.Participants underwent rs-fMRI to evaluate functional connectivity within and across critical brain networks,including the visual,default mode network(DMN),dorsal attention,salience,somatomotor,and frontoparietal control networks.RESULTS Analyses revealed pronounced functional disparities within key neural circuits among adolescents with depression.The results demonstrated existence of hemispheric asymmetries characterized by enhanced activity in the left visual network,which contrasted the diminished activity in the right hemisphere.The DMN facilitated increased activity within the left prefrontal cortex and reduced engagement in the right hemisphere,implicating disrupted self-referential and emotional processing mechanisms.Additionally,an overactive right dorsal attention network and a hypoactive salience network were identified,underscoring significant abnormalities in attentional and emotional regulation in adolescent depression.CONCLUSION The findings from this study underscore distinct neural connectivity disruptions in adolescent depression,underscoring the critical role of specific neurobiological markers for precise early diagnosis of adolescent depression.The observed functional asymmetries and network-specific deviations elucidate the complex neurobiological architecture of adolescent depression,supporting the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10721063, 10575126, and 10975169
文摘Two factorization approaches have been proposed for single transverse spin asymmetries. One is the cofiinear factorization, the other is the transverse-momentum-dependent factorization. They have been previously derived in a formal way by using diagram expansion at hadron level. If the two factorizations hold or can be proven, they should also hold when we replace hadrons with patton states. We examine these two factorizations at patton level with massless partons. It is nontrivial to generate these asymmetries at parton level with massless patrons because the asymmetries require helicity-flip and nonzero absorptive parts in scattering amplitudes. By constructing suitable patton states with massless partons we derive the two factorizations for the asymmetry in Drell-Yan processes. It is found from our results that the collinear factorization derived at parton level is not the same as that derived at hadron level. Our results with massless partons confirm those derived with single massive parton state in our previous works.
文摘Forced geostrophic turbulence on the surface of a rotating sphere (so called β-plane turbulence) is simulated trough the use of the β-SQG+1 numerical model. Domain occupied by the fluid has a channel geometry with 512 by 256 grid points, periodic boundary conditions in x-direction and rigid boundaries in y-direction. Random forcing is applied at high wave-numbers in the spectral space. To better understand eddies dynamics we simulate both regimes, with and without stochastic forcing, starting from identical initial conditions. Direct numerical simulations exhibit different dynamical properties in different regimes. In the freely evolving case, a wave term that competes with inertia on large-scales (added as a result of the β-effect) produces high meridional asymmetries in the eddies spatial and time scales. This asymmetry is added to the standard for the β-plane turbulence zonal asymmetry. In the forced regime there is not only anisotropy in the eddies deformation radius, but also in their orientation. The preferred direction for the warm anomalies elongation is north-western, while for the cold anomalies is north-eastern. These results may explain the observed meridional meandering of the mid-latitude zonal jets.
文摘An analysis of the monetary synchronization of the Union of South American Nations （UNASUR） for the decade 2004 through 2013 has been conducted using the optimum currency area （OCA） theories in order to evaluate the economic integration. By applying Bayoumi and Eichengreen＇s equation, it was found that with a decent adjustment, a high percentage of countries show a tendency to harmonize their currencies in function of the four independent variables： output disturbances, the dissimilarity in exports composition, the trade linkages, and the size of the economies. To extend the model, mobility of labor and level of the integration in good＇s market were added by modifying Behrens＇ proposal, founding that the six variables are indeed related to the exchange rate harmonization at different significant levels, with a considerable moderate fitting. Additionally an analysis of variance （ANOVA） has been considered in order to study the following economic indicators： gross domestic product （GDP）, population, GDP per capita, exports to group vs. total exports, unemployment, and inflation rates so as to visualize the economic asymmetries of the Union, for the same period. Differences were inferred for all of them but not for their annual speed of change. The least significant differences （LSD） provide further results and Duncan＇s multiple range tests lead to defining groups of countries with similar characteristics.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11345005Key Scientific Research projects of Henan Educational Committee(13A140814)the National Science Foundation under Grant No.U1332103
文摘Using the form factors calculated both in lattice QCD and HQET, we analyze the branching ratio, doublelepton polarization asymmetries and averaged double-lepton polarization asymmetries of Λ_b →Λμ^+μ^- decay in the2 HDM Ⅲ, respectively. Combining the experimental constrains on the 2HDM Ⅲ parameters, we take two set of representative parameter spaces in our calculations. For the branching ratio of Λ+b →Λμμ-decay, considering the uncertainties of the form factors and input parameters, we find the results of both SM and 2HDM Ⅲ can satisfy the current experimental data in the framework of lattice QCD, but not in HQET. Then we calculate the double-lepton polarization asymmetries Pij and their averaged values Pij, we find the double-lepton polarization asymmetries PLT,PNN, and PTT are sensitive to the 2HDM Ⅲ. However, PLN, PNL, PNT, and PTN show the opposite results. The contribution of the 2HDM Ⅲ to their averaged values have similar results.
文摘This paper seeks to highlight the macroeconomic asymmetries and social impacts among eurozone countries which occurred during the time of the financial crisis,emphasising the urgent need to revise the framework of economic governance.The analysis focuses on the growing macroeconomic and social imbalances on a representative sample of selected eurozone member-states(Euro(€)North and Euro(€)South)which had posed a threat to economic sustainability and social coherence.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No. 2009CB421500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 90815028, 40405012 and 40705024)
文摘The physical processes associated with changes in the convective structure of an idealized tropical cyclone （TC） during landfall on a beta-plane were studied using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University- National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model, version 3 （MM5）. The simulation results suggested that the suppression of moisture supply and increased friction acted to enhance the convection from the left and front quadrants of the TC to the front and right of the TC during different periods of landfall. When surface moisture flux was turned off, convection in other parts of the quadrant was clearly suppressed and the total rainfall was reduced. When surface friction was increased, precipitation showed a marked increase after the TC made landfall. Wetter air at low and intermediate levels, and drier air at high levels around the onshore side of the coastline led to a high value of convective available potential energy （CAPE）. Consequently, convection was enhanced immediately downstream of this area when the surface moisture flux was cut off. When surface friction was increased, the physical process was similar prior to landfall. After landfall, increased convergence at the onshore side of the land resulted in enhanced convection in front of the TC. Consistent with previous findings, our results suggest that during landfall the TC structure changes from one of thermodynamic symmetry to asymmetry due to differential moisture flux between the land and sea surface. The asymmetry of the thermodynamic structure, which can be explained by the distribution of CAPE, causes an asymmetric rainfall structure.
文摘The most powerful method to diagnose the velocity field in solar flare atmosphere isspectral analyses. That is to analyse the asymmetry and the Doppler shift of flare spectralline profiles. Recent observations indicated that at the impulsive phase of flares thereare obvious red asymmetry of Hα profiles and a downward velocity of 40-100km/s
文摘Non-right-handedness(NRH),encompassing left-handedness and mixed-handedness,has been frequently reported at elevated rates in individuals with various psychiatric disorders.The consistency of this association across multiple conditions and its underlying mechanisms is the subject of ongoing investigation.This review synthesized current evidence to explore the association between NRH and psychiatric disorders from epidemiological,genetic,and neurobiological perspectives.We systematically identified and appraised relevant literature investigating NRH prevalence in psychiatric populations and potential explanatory mechanisms.Epidemiological evidence indicates an elevated prevalence of NRH,particularly within neurodevelopmental disorders.Potential contributing mechanisms identified include early developmental disruptions,shared genetic predispositions,and atypical patterns of brain lateralization.While the association between NRH and psychiatric conditions,especially neurodevelopmental disorders,is evident,the causal pathways and relative contributions of identified mechanisms are complex and debated.This review highlighted key areas requiring further research to elucidate these relationships.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant/Award Number:81701326)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant/Award Number:2016YFC1307004)+3 种基金Multidisciplinary Team for Cognitive Impairment of Shanxi Science and Technology Innovation Training Team(Grant/Award Number:201705D131027)Special Project of Scientific Research Plan Talents of Shanxi Provincial Health Commission(Grant/Award Number:2020081)Shanxi Provincial Science and Technology Achievements Transformation and Guidance Project(Grant/Award Numbers:201904D131020,81971601)Shanxi Province Overseas Students Science and Technology Activity Funding Project(Grant/Award Number:20200038)。
文摘Background:Schizophrenia(SCZ)is a complex psychiatric disorder associated with widespread alterations in the subcortical brain structure.Hemispheric asymmetries are a fundamental organizational principle of the human brain and relate to human psychological and behavioral characteristics.We aimed to explore the state of thalamic lateralization of SCZ.Methods:We used voxel-based morphometry(VBM)analysis,whole-brain analysis of low-frequency fluctuations(ALFF),fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(fALFF),and resting-state seed-based functional connectivity(FC)analysis to investigate brain structural and functional deficits in SCZ.Also,we applied Pearson’’s correlation analysis to validate the correlation between Positive and Negative Symptom Scale(PANSS)scores and them.Results:Compared with healthy controls,SCZ showed increased gray matter volume(GMV)of the left thalamus(t=2.214,p=0.029),which positively correlated with general psychosis(r=0.423,p=0.010).SCZ also showed increased ALFF in the putamen,the caudate nucleus,the thalamus,fALFF in the nucleus accumbens(NAc),and the caudate nucleus,and decreased fALFF in the precuneus.The left thalamus showed significantly weaker resting-state FC with the amygdala and insula in SCZ.PANSS negative symptom scores were negatively correlated with the resting-state FC between the thalamus and the insula(r=-0.414,p=0.025).Conclusions:Collectively,these results suggest the possibility of aberrant laterality in the left thalamus and its FC with other related brain regions involved in the limbic system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Funds with Grant numbers(71431008,71532013,71528001 and 71501170)Zhejiang Provincial National Science Funds(No.LQ16G010001)Zhejiang Provincial Key Research Base for Humanities and Social Science Research(Applied Economics in Zhejiang Gongshang University).
文摘The paper investigates the positive feedback trading phenomenon of individual stocks in China’s stock market.Heterogeneous regression models and a non-parametric Sentana-Wadhwani model are developed and applied to prove the existence of rise-favor asymmetric feedback trading.This result is consistent with the reality of China’s stock market,that is,the herding behavior of irrational retail investors has a significant influence on the market.However,the result is in contrast with the stylized findings using market indices.Further empirical research shows that this distinction could be explained by the average effect of indices.The asymmetries of positive feedback trading caused by heterogeneous feedback trading and the uneven distributed retail trading in individual stocks,are covered by the weighted average effect in indices.Therefore,the indices exhibit a different asymmetric pattern from that of individual stocks.
文摘Rapid changes in Tropical Cyclone(TC)structure and intensity are the most diffi cult aspects of TC forecasting.The intensity and structural changes associated with rapid intensifi cation(RI)and rapid weakening(RW)instances of TCs of North Indian Ocean(NIO)are analysed based on 5 cases each for RI and RW.The vertical profi les of heat(Q_1)and moisture(Q_2)based on heat and moisture budget equations are analysed to bring out the role of diabatic heating during the RI and RW processes.The associated structural changes are analysed based on the Fourier fi rst order wave number-1 asymmetry in the precipitation patterns associated with RI and RW instances.During RI process,there are 2 predominant Q_1 maxima associated with latent heat release near the TC centre,one in the upper troposphere and the other in the lower troposphere.During RW process,there is a single dominant Q_1 and Q_2 maxima in the mid-troposphere.Regarding the structural changes,there is a pronounced front-back asymmetry in both RI and RW cases.The asymmetry amplitude in the inner core is lower in the case of RI events but,is quite high for RW events.Thus,RW events are characterised by large convective asymmetry.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘I. INTRODUCTION It has been recognized since the 1940s that flare emission lines are usually asymmetric. Svestka summarized in his book the spectral observations before the 1970s. His main resuits are as follows: (ⅰ) for most flares, a short-lived blue asymmetry appears at the flare on-
文摘To improve the goodness of fitting 57Fe M?ssbauer spectra of ferromagnetic amorphous alloys, two problems should be resolved:（ⅰ）How to analyse the asymmetry of peak amplitudes and peak widths in the spectrum about the spectrum centre; （ⅱ） how to correct the parameters concerned, e. g. the peak area ratio and peak widths in basic subspectra and the average isomer shift, in fitting spectra with the Hesse method or the Window method. In the present note the asym-
基金Supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFC2201501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (12147103)。
文摘We study the decays ofΛb→Λ(→pπ^(−))ℓ^(+)ℓ^(−)withℓ=(e,μ,τ).We examine the full angular distributions with polarizedΛb,where the T-odd observables are identified.We discuss the possible effects of new physics(NP)and find that the T-odd observables are sensitive to them as they vanish in the standard model.Special attention is given to the interference of(pseudo)scalar operators with(axial)vector operators in polarized Λ_(b)→Λ(→pπ^(−))τ^(+)τ^(−),which are studied for the first time.Their effects are proportional to the lepton masses and therefore may evade the constraint from Λ_(b)→Λ(→pπ^(−))μ^(+)μ^(−) at the LHCb naturally.AsΛ_(b)→Λ(→pπ^(−))τ^(+)τ^(−) is uncontaminated by the charmonia resonance,it provides a clean background to probe NP.In addition,we show that the experimental central value of K10 in Λ_(b)→Λ(→pπ^(−))μ^(+)μ^(−) at the LHCb can be explained by the NP case,which couples to the right-handed quarks and leptons.The polarization fraction of Λ_(b) at the LHCb is found to be consistent with zero regardless of the NP scenarios.
基金Supported by National Science Foundation(PHY-1520966)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11335009,11125525)+3 种基金Joint Large-Scale Scientific Facility Funds of the NSFC and CAS(U1532257)the National Key Basic Research Program of China(2015CB856700)Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS,(QYZDJ-SSW-SLH003)XWK’s work is also supported by MOST(Taiwan)(104-2112-M-001-022)
文摘While indirect and direct C P violation（CPV） has been established in the decays of strange and beauty mesons, no CPV has yet been found for baryons. There are different paths to finding C P asymmetry in the decays of strange baryons; they are all highly non-trivial. The Hyper CP Collaboration has probed CPV in the decays of singleΞ and Λ [1]. We discuss future lessons from e~＋e^-collisions at BESⅢ/BEPCⅡ： probing decays of pairs of strange baryons, namely Λ, Σ and . Realistic goals are to learn about non-perturbative QCD. One can hope to find CPV in the decays of strange baryons; one can also dream of finding the impact of New Dynamics. We point out that an important new era will start with the BESIII/BEPCII data accumulated by the end of 2018. This also supports new ideas to trigger J/ψ→■Λ at the LHCb collaboration.
文摘Secondary rhinoplasty to address complications from initial surgical intervention is a technically challenging operation.Common aesthetic complications that plague patients after primary rhinoplasty include nasal tip asymmetries,bossae,and alar retraction.These adverse outcomes are usually a result of over-manipulation and/or over-excision of native cartilage and are especially prevalent in patients with thick lower lateral cartilages and thin nasal skin.Techniques to minimize tissue handling,maintain natural nasal anatomic support and structure,and soften sharp edges from cartilage grafts or incisions are all essential in the prevention of nasal tip irregularities.In addition to prevention,there are many operative and procedural interventions to correct tip asymmetries,bossae,and alar retraction.These interventional corrections include varying cartilage and/or fascial grafts,camouflaging of previously performed grafts,and repositioning of the alar cartilage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China grants 42230209,42374215,42304183,72342001,71931003 and 72061147004the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department grants 21A0212the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province under Grants 2022RC4025,2023JJ50312,2023JJ50010.
文摘Auroral Kilometric Radiation (AKR) is a common radio emission,which can contribute to the magnetosphere-ionosphereatmosphere co u pling.Similar emissions have been observed in all magnetic planet magnetospheres of the solar system.In this study,using observations from the FAST satellite from 30 August 1996 to 9 September 2001,the distribution of AKR in altitude=500-4500 km and invariant latitude (|ILAT|)=60°-80°has been analyzed.63045 AKR samples have been identified with~48%(52%) samples on the dayside (nightside).Of considerable interest,there is a distinct MLT asymmetry with the high occurrence rate in MLT=05-08 and 18-22(02-05 and 12-17) in the northern (southern) hemisphere.The distinct MLT asymmetry is associated with the direction of Bxof the interplaneta ry magnetic field.In addition,the occurrence rate on the nightside clearly increases as the AE^(*) index increases.This study further enriches the information and understanding of AKR in the magnetosphere as well as other similar radio emissions.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2024YFA1611004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12175117,12475084,and 12321005)the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.ZFJH202303 and ZR2024MA012)。
文摘The transverse single-spin asymmetry forρ^(0) production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering was recently reported by the COMPASS Collaboration.Using the Sivers function extracted from pion and kaon productions,we perform a calculation of the Sivers asymmetry within the transverse momentum-dependent factorization.Our results are consistent with the COMPASS data,supporting the universality of the Sivers function in the semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering process for different final-state hadrons within current experimental uncertainties.While different parametrizations of the Sivers function from global analyses allow describing the data equally well,we obtain very different predictions on the Sivers asymmetry ofρand K^(*)productions at electron-ion colliders,which therefore are expected to provide further constraints.
