High-purity AlF3 was prepared by the combined process of leaching the raw material of waste aluminum electrolytes with aluminum chloride,electrolyzing the leaching solution,and then mixing with ammonium hydrogen fluor...High-purity AlF3 was prepared by the combined process of leaching the raw material of waste aluminum electrolytes with aluminum chloride,electrolyzing the leaching solution,and then mixing with ammonium hydrogen fluoride for roasting.Under the optimal leaching conditions of a fluorine to aluminum molar ratio of 2.0,a liquid-to-solid ratio of 12,a temperature of 90℃,and time of 4 h,the fluorine leaching rate can reach 99.15%.Under the action of electrolysis,the H+is reduced to H2 in the cathode,while the remaining OH−combines with AlF^(2+)and AlF^(2+)to precipitate aluminium hydroxyfluoride hydrate.The results show that electrolysis is beneficial to reduce the impurity content of aluminium hydroxyfluoride hydrate.When the current density is 0.2 A/cm^(2),the temperature is 90℃,the stirring speed is 200 r/min,and the electrolysis endpoint pH is 3.0,the total content of Na,K and Ca impurities in the precipitation is only 0.64 wt.%.Moreover,the hydrolysis can be inhibited effectively by adding ammonium hydrogen fluoride in the mixed-roasting process.When the mass ratio of aluminium hydroxyfluoride hydrate to ammonium hydrogen fluoride is 2꞉1,the purity of the AlF3 product is even 99.51 wt.%.Conducively,the high-purity AlF_(3)can be returned to the aluminum electrolysis industry or used as a reagent.展开更多
The ast ( anthocyanin spotted testa) mutant, which was induced by carbon ion radiation, was a single recessive gene mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. with spotted pigment in seed coats, and involved in the an...The ast ( anthocyanin spotted testa) mutant, which was induced by carbon ion radiation, was a single recessive gene mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. with spotted pigment in seed coats, and involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis. To clone the AST gene by map-based cloning strategy, a series of molecular markers were designed according to the SNPs (single nucleotide polymophisms) and insertion/deletion polymophisms in the Arabidopsis database. With these molecular markers, the fine-structure mapping of the AST gene was finished, the AST locus was located in BAC clone T13M11. It was suggested that the AST candidate gene was T13M11. 8 in the T13M11 This gene was 1432 bp long with 6 exons and 5 introns. The putative protein of T13M11. 8 gene was similar to dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), which was an important enzyme in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway.展开更多
文摘High-purity AlF3 was prepared by the combined process of leaching the raw material of waste aluminum electrolytes with aluminum chloride,electrolyzing the leaching solution,and then mixing with ammonium hydrogen fluoride for roasting.Under the optimal leaching conditions of a fluorine to aluminum molar ratio of 2.0,a liquid-to-solid ratio of 12,a temperature of 90℃,and time of 4 h,the fluorine leaching rate can reach 99.15%.Under the action of electrolysis,the H+is reduced to H2 in the cathode,while the remaining OH−combines with AlF^(2+)and AlF^(2+)to precipitate aluminium hydroxyfluoride hydrate.The results show that electrolysis is beneficial to reduce the impurity content of aluminium hydroxyfluoride hydrate.When the current density is 0.2 A/cm^(2),the temperature is 90℃,the stirring speed is 200 r/min,and the electrolysis endpoint pH is 3.0,the total content of Na,K and Ca impurities in the precipitation is only 0.64 wt.%.Moreover,the hydrolysis can be inhibited effectively by adding ammonium hydrogen fluoride in the mixed-roasting process.When the mass ratio of aluminium hydroxyfluoride hydrate to ammonium hydrogen fluoride is 2꞉1,the purity of the AlF3 product is even 99.51 wt.%.Conducively,the high-purity AlF_(3)can be returned to the aluminum electrolysis industry or used as a reagent.
文摘The ast ( anthocyanin spotted testa) mutant, which was induced by carbon ion radiation, was a single recessive gene mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. with spotted pigment in seed coats, and involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis. To clone the AST gene by map-based cloning strategy, a series of molecular markers were designed according to the SNPs (single nucleotide polymophisms) and insertion/deletion polymophisms in the Arabidopsis database. With these molecular markers, the fine-structure mapping of the AST gene was finished, the AST locus was located in BAC clone T13M11. It was suggested that the AST candidate gene was T13M11. 8 in the T13M11 This gene was 1432 bp long with 6 exons and 5 introns. The putative protein of T13M11. 8 gene was similar to dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), which was an important enzyme in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway.
