Using an elementary method, we give a new proof of the all-associativity of octonions. As some applications, the known Taylor theorem is improved, and a new definition and new properties of octonionic determinant are ...Using an elementary method, we give a new proof of the all-associativity of octonions. As some applications, the known Taylor theorem is improved, and a new definition and new properties of octonionic determinant are also obtained.展开更多
The interface associativity and energy absorption capability of composite structure with anti-vibration porous Al-MM（cerium-rich mischmetal）alloy core and iron alloy skin were investigated.Porous aluminum core/iron ...The interface associativity and energy absorption capability of composite structure with anti-vibration porous Al-MM（cerium-rich mischmetal）alloy core and iron alloy skin were investigated.Porous aluminum core/iron alloy skin structures were fabricated considering an iron alloy tube as its shell and closed-cell porous Al-MM alloy as its core.A peeling experiment was carried out to calculate the capacity of interfacial bonding and a compression test was carried out to determine the energy absorption capability.The results showed that the addition of MM significantly enhanced both the interfacial bonding and the energy absorption capacity.展开更多
Objective:The incidence and mortality of colorectal carcinoma(CRC)continue to rise globally,highlighting the need to identify modifiable risk factors for early detection and prevention.Previous studies have demonstrat...Objective:The incidence and mortality of colorectal carcinoma(CRC)continue to rise globally,highlighting the need to identify modifiable risk factors for early detection and prevention.Previous studies have demonstrated significant associations between CRC risk and various serum metabolites as well as inflammatory cytokines;however,due to limitations in study design and potential confounding factors,the causal relationships remain unclear.This study aims to investigate the causal relationships between inflammatory cytokines,serum metabolites,and CRC risk,providing a theoretical basis for the development of novel early diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.Methods:A two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)design was applied using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies(GWAS).Instrumental variables(IVs)were derived from:1)metabolomics GWAS data of 1400 serum metabolites(n=8299);2)cytokine GWAS data of 91 inflammatory factors(n=14824);and 3)CRC risk data from the FinnGen consortium(6847 cases and 314193 controls).The primary analysis was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method,with sensitivity analyses performed using MR Egger regression and the weighted median method.Effect estimates including odds ratios(OR),95%confidence intervals(CI),and false discovery rates(FDR)were calculated.Results:MR analysis indicated that higher levels of axin-1(AXIN1)(OR=0.84195%CI 0.714 to 0.991)and Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand(Flt3L)(OR=0.916,95%CI 0.844 to 0.994)were associated with a reduced risk of CRC.In contrast,higher levels of Delta/Notchlike epidermal growth factor-related receptor(DNER)(OR=1.119,95%CI 1.009 to 1.241)and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGF-A)(OR=1.078,95%CI 1.011 to 1.150)were associated with an increased risk of CRC(all P<0.05).Metabolomics association analysis further identified 144 serum metabolites significantly correlated with these four key inflammatory cytokines(FDR<0.05),suggesting that they may regulate CRC risk through inflammatory pathways.Conclusion:Specific inflammatory cytokines and serum metabolites have causal relationships with the risk of CRC.These findings provide insights for further exploration of potential risk factors and the development of effective prevention strategies for CRC.展开更多
2026年3月6日,北欧中文教学协会(Nordic Association for Chinese Language Education)正式成立。协会旨在加强北欧地区(包括瑞典、挪威、丹麦、芬兰、冰岛)和波罗的海国家(爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、立陶宛)的中文教师、研究者和学习者之间...2026年3月6日,北欧中文教学协会(Nordic Association for Chinese Language Education)正式成立。协会旨在加强北欧地区(包括瑞典、挪威、丹麦、芬兰、冰岛)和波罗的海国家(爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、立陶宛)的中文教师、研究者和学习者之间的交流与合作,通过分享教学经验与科研成果,协会致力于不断提升中文教师的专业素养,扩展科研合作,推动区域中文教育的发展。展开更多
AIM:To investigate the potential causal associations between 41 inflammatory cytokines and myopia using a two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)approach.METHODS:Publicly available genome-wide association study(GWAS)da...AIM:To investigate the potential causal associations between 41 inflammatory cytokines and myopia using a two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)approach.METHODS:Publicly available genome-wide association study(GWAS)datasets were utilized for this two-sample MR analysis.Inflammatory cytokine-related GWAS data were extracted from The University of Bristol’s Research Data Repository,and myopia-related GWAS data were obtained from the FinnGen project.Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)associated with inflammatory cytokines were systematically selected as instrumental variables(IVs)based on three rigorous criteria:relevance,independence,and exclusion of pleiotropy.Five MR methods were employed for causal inference:the inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method as the primary analysis,supplemented by MREgger regression,weighted median estimator,simple mode,and weighted mode approaches.Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the causal estimates.RESULTS:A total of 773 myopia-associated SNPs were identified.MR analysis revealed that higher levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α(MIP-1α)were associated with a 17%reduced risk of myopia[odds ratio(OR)=0.83;95%confidence interval(CI):0.69-0.99;P<0.05].In contrast,elevated levels of eotaxin(OR=1.26;95%CI:1.07-1.47;P<0.01),stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF-1α;OR=1.68;95%CI:1.08-2.62;P<0.05),and interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha(IL-2Rα;OR=1.25;95%CI:1.01-1.53;P<0.05)were significantly associated with an increased risk of myopia.Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of these results.CONCLUSION:This study provides evidence supporting a causal relationship between specific inflammatory cytokines and myopia.MIP-1αmay act as a protective factor against myopia,while eotaxin,SDF-1α,and IL-2Rαare potential risk factors for myopia.These findings emphasize the critical role of inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis of myopia,offering novel insights for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies for myopia.展开更多
Background:Breast cancer(BC)remains one of the most prevalent and complex malignancies worldwide,necessitating advanced approaches for its study and treatment.Therefore,we conducted a comprehensive analysis merging pl...Background:Breast cancer(BC)remains one of the most prevalent and complex malignancies worldwide,necessitating advanced approaches for its study and treatment.Therefore,we conducted a comprehensive analysis merging plasma proteomics and transcriptomics to discover the potential druggable targets in BC.Methods:Our analytical framework encompassed following approaches:two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)for protein analysis,summary-based MR(SMR)for transcript evaluation,along with colocalization studies of coding genes.This multi-omics strategy,coupled with protein-protein interaction(PPI)network and Gene Ontology(GO)analyses,revealed candidate biomarkers and their biological significance in BC.Results:We discovered 46 proteins showing significant associations with BC through analysis of pQTLs encompassing 3,707 plasma proteins derived from three extensive large-scale genome-wide association studies(GWAS),combined with blood-and tissue-specific expression QTLs.The previously identified 11 proteins through MR were annexin IV(ANX4),snurportin 1(SPN1),fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2),rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta,alpha-1,4-galactosyltransferase(A4GALT),toll like receptor1(TLR1),Unc-51 like kinase 3(ULK3),parkinsonism associated deglycase(PARK7),TNF receptor superfamily member 9(TNFRSF9),immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine rich repeat(ISLR2),cathepsin F(CTSF).Importantly,our study provides novel causal genetic evidence for 34 additional proteins whose roles in BC had not previously been established through transcriptome-or proteome-wide MR analyses,even though some had been discussed in observational or mechanistic contexts.From these findings,five newly identified proteins SUGP1(OR 1.12,95%CI 1.06-1.18),PKD2(OR 1.38,95%CI 1.20-1.59),KAT3(OR 1.06,95%CI 1.03-1.09),HPLN4(OR 1.24,95%CI 1.12-1.38),GST M1-1(OR 0.96,95%CI 0.94-0.98),and SEM4A(OR 1.17,95%CI 1.09-1.26)demonstrated significance across MR,SMR,and colocalization studies.The remaining 27 proteins,including Coagulation Factor V,PTN9,TS101(TSG101),RSPO3,CGA,CEBPB,CASP8,RALB,SCAMP3,EIF2AK3,Sialoadhesin(SIGLEC1),NSF,CD68,sL-Selectin(SELL),F177A(FAM177A1),PEAR1,BY55,NIT2,ATX3,TFPI-2,NAG,Layilin,RCL,PDCD6,CILP2,DAG1 and CATF,emerged as potential therapeutic candidates as well.Conclusion:The multi-omics examination incorporating plasma proteins and gene transcripts revealed 46 promising drug candidates for BC,suggesting new treatments in future.展开更多
Forest ecosystems worldwide can be affected by extreme climatic events.Trees respond to these occurrences in multidimensional ways,involving various mechanisms,to deal with the effects and restore the forests to their...Forest ecosystems worldwide can be affected by extreme climatic events.Trees respond to these occurrences in multidimensional ways,involving various mechanisms,to deal with the effects and restore the forests to their optimal state.Such abilities are known as resilience.Tree ring analysis can be used to evaluate drought resilience.Analysis of dendrophenotypes,together with genetic studies,has become an essential tool for identifying drought resilient genotypes.This study aimed to determine the dendrogenomic resilience mechanisms in the fragmented,isolated,rare endemic Mexican species Picea martinezii and P.mexicana by analysis of annual rings and the associations with SNP markers identified by genotyping by sequencing(GBS).Increment cores and needles for GBS for resilience analysis were collected from P.martinezii trees in three populations,and from P.mexicana trees in two populations.The results show that fundamental dendrogenomic mechanisms were associated with drought resilience in P.martinezii and P.mexicana.PC1 in PCA for five outlier SNPs was linked to annual tracheid width variations in P.martinezii caused by severe drought events in 1962,1989,1998 and 2011.These five outlier SNPs were located in genes coding the proteins reticulon-like protein B22,pollen-specific leucine-rich repeat extension,ornithine decarboxylase like,LisH/CRA/RING-U-box domains-containing protein and proline transporter 2-like isoform X1,which are important in the dry stress tolerance metabolism involved in the resilience response in plants.The discovery of genetic markers associated with drought resilience highlights the importance of preserving genetic diversity.展开更多
Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity p...Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.展开更多
Mammalian fertilization involves the migration of spermatozoa through the female reproductive system.Early embryonic development is a consequence of several steps and signaling pathways being activated,as well as bioc...Mammalian fertilization involves the migration of spermatozoa through the female reproductive system.Early embryonic development is a consequence of several steps and signaling pathways being activated,as well as biochemical and morphological modifications of spermatozoa that enable them to penetrate the membrane of mature oocytes.There are some crucial steps known to clearly explain the process of fertilization,starting with hyperactivation of spermatozoa,mutual recognition,and binding of gametes mediated by receptors located on the surface membranes of both gametes.The final step is followed by oocyte activation,which is primarily triggered via sperm-derived factors,inducing a sharp increase in intracellular calcium levels,eventually leading to polyspermy block.This review integrates current knowledge of the molecular and physiological events governing fertilization,emphasizing how ion regulation and signaling pathways converge to enable sperm function and oocyte activation.Special attention is given to sperm-derived factors such as phospholipase C zeta(PLCζ)and post-acrosomal sheath WW domain-binding protein(PAWP),which play essential roles in triggering calcium release and supporting early embryonic development.展开更多
Objective Previous Mendelian randomization(MR)studies have suggested an association between the gut microbiome and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).However,the reliance on 16S rRNA sequencing data has l...Objective Previous Mendelian randomization(MR)studies have suggested an association between the gut microbiome and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).However,the reliance on 16S rRNA sequencing data has led to inconsistent findings and limited species-level insights.To address this,we conducted a de novo MR analysis using species-level shotgun metagenomic data,combined it with a meta-analysis to consolidate the existing evidence,and explored metabolite-mediated pathways.Methods Bidirectional MR analyses were performed between 883 gut microbiota taxa(derived from shotgun metagenomic genome-wide association study)and MAFLD.Published MR studies(up to December 1,2024)were identified using PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library for meta-analysis.Multivariable MR(MVMR)and mediation analyses were applied to assess the mediating effects of 1,400 blood metabolites.Results The de novo MR identified 25 MAFLD-associated microbial taxa.Integration with 7 published studies revealed 34 causal taxa,including 10 at the species level.Among the 1,400 metabolites,53 showed causal links with MAFLD.MVMR and mediation analyses identified deoxycholate as a mediator of the effect of Bifidobacterium on MAFLD risk(22.06%mediation proportion).Conclusion This study elucidated the connections between species-level gut microbiota and MAFLD,highlighting the interplay between microbiota,metabolites,and disease pathogenesis.These findings provide novel insights into the potential therapeutic targets for MAFLD.展开更多
According to the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM),China's auto industry reached record highs in 2025,with production and sales at 34.53 million and 34.4 million vehicles,respectively.This secur...According to the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM),China's auto industry reached record highs in 2025,with production and sales at 34.53 million and 34.4 million vehicles,respectively.This secured China's position as the world's largest auto market for the 17th year in a row.展开更多
The development of wheat cultivars with improved nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)use efficiency is essential for sustainable agriculture.Genetic dissection and identification of causative genes underlying nu...The development of wheat cultivars with improved nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)use efficiency is essential for sustainable agriculture.Genetic dissection and identification of causative genes underlying nutrient use efficiency represent a key strategy toward this goal.We conducted an extensive genome-wide association study(GWAS)using a panel of 431 wheat cultivars,identifying 1,659 significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)(LOD>5)through genotyping-by-sequencing.This analysis revealed 534 quantitative trait loci(QTLs)associated with 12 nutrient use efficiency traits across five distinct environments,among which 14 QTLs were consistently detected in at least three environments.Notably,meta-QTL analysis,showed that QTL80(72.12–74.24 Mb,chr2A),QTL387(32.88–33.56 Mb,chr6A),and QTL500(535.53–540.80 Mb,chr7B)exhibit clear co-localization with MQTL-2A-2,MQTL-6A-1,and MQTL-7B-2,respectively.This overlap highlights their robustness across diverse environmental conditions.Within these regions,critical candidate genes-including members of the bZIP transcription factor family and a potassium transporter gene-were identified in relation to nutrient use efficiency.Furthermore,a novel locus,QTL234,was discovered,harboring key candidate genes such as dof zinc finger protein,Ankyrin repeat family protein,and cytochrome P450.To validate the SNP within QTL234 associated with nitrogen harvest index(NHI),we developed a dCAPS marker for AX-109095537.These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of high-resolution SNP-based GWAS in rapidly pinpointing promising candidate genes.They also establish a foundation for large-scale QTL fine mapping,candidate gene validation,and the development of functional markers essential for enhancing nutrient use efficiency in wheat breeding programs.展开更多
The Leafminers,representing a diverse group of insects from various genera within the Agromyzidae family,pose a significant threat to spinach(Spinacia oleracea L.)production.This study aimed to identify single nucleot...The Leafminers,representing a diverse group of insects from various genera within the Agromyzidae family,pose a significant threat to spinach(Spinacia oleracea L.)production.This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers associated with leafminer resistance through a genome-wide association study(GWAS)and to evaluate the prediction accuracy(PA)for selecting resistant spinach using genomic prediction(GP).Using a dataset of 84301 SNPs obtained from whole-genome resequencing,seven GWAS models,including BLINK,FarmCPU,MLM,and MLMM in GAPIT 3,as well as MLM,GLM,and SMR in TASSEL 5,were employed to perform GWAS on a panel of 286 USDA spinach germplasm accessions.Three SNP markers,namely 1_115279256_C_T,3_157082529_C_T,and 4_168510908_T_G on chromosomes 1,3,and 4,respectively,were identified as associated with leafminer resistance.In the 30 kb flanking regions of these markers,four candidate genes(SOV1g031330,SOV1g031340,SOV4g047270,and SOV4g047280),encoding LOB domain-containing protein,KH domain-containing protein,were discovered.Nodulin-like domain-containing protein,and SAM domain-containing protein,were discovered.The PA for leafminer resistance selection was estimated using ten different SNP sets,including two GWAS-derived marker sets(three and 51 SNPs)and eight random marker sets(ranging from 51 to 10 K SNPs)analyzed by seven GP models.The findings emphasized the superior performance of GWAS-derived SNP sets,reaching a PA of up to 0.79 using the cBLUP model.Notably,this research marks the pioneering application of GP in the context of insect resistance,providing a significant advancement in the understanding and management of leafminer resistance in spinach cultivation.展开更多
Genome-wide association study(GWAS)data are used to explore the associations between blood metabolites and 5 respiratory diseases:asthma,tuberculosis(TB),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),cor pulmonale,and b...Genome-wide association study(GWAS)data are used to explore the associations between blood metabolites and 5 respiratory diseases:asthma,tuberculosis(TB),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),cor pulmonale,and bronchitis.The main method of analysis used is the inverse-variance weighted(IVW)approach,complemented by several sensitivity analyses,including MR-Egger regression,the weighted median,the weighted mode,Cochran’s Q test,and the pleiotropy test.Additional directional tests,Meta-analysis and metabolic pathway analyses are conducted for deeper insights.3 metabolites showing significant causal relationships are identified.Catechol glucuronide levels as a protective factor have a positive causal relationship with asthma;the creatine to carnitine ratio has a negative causal relationship with COPD as a risk factor;and the adenosine 5’-diphosphate(ADP)to N-acetylglucosamine to N-acetylgalactosamine ratio as a protective factor has a positive causal relationship with bronchitis.Additionally,13 metabolites demonstrate strong causal relationships.Furthermore,we delineate 14 metabolic pathways related to the outcomes,including 6 associated with asthma,2 with TB,1 with COPD,4 with cor pulmonale,and 1 with bronchitis.A causal relationship between blood metabolites and 5 respiratory diseases has been established.The identified metabolites and pathways offer new insights into the underlying mechanisms of these diseases,necessitating further experimental validation.展开更多
Background:Antipsychotic-induced movement disorders(AIMDs)are prevalent side effects of antipsychotics,particularly during the acute phase of treatment.This study aimed to elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying A...Background:Antipsychotic-induced movement disorders(AIMDs)are prevalent side effects of antipsychotics,particularly during the acute phase of treatment.This study aimed to elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying AIMDs using a genome-wide association study(GWAS).Methods:GWASs on AIMDs were conducted in three independent cohorts:a discovery cohort of 3067 patients(2016 subjects were reserved after quality control),a validation cohort of 277 patients,and a multi-ancestry validation cohort of 766 patients.Subsequent post-GWAS analyses included gene-based analyses,transcriptome-wide association studies(TWASs),and polygenic risk score(PRS)profiling.Results:Our study identified two loci located in RAB44 gene(rs116249243,P=5.98×10^(-9);rs117097482,P=1.17×10^(-8))associated with extrapyramidal symptoms(EPSs),1 locus(rs6826172,P=5.56×10^(-9))related to akathisia,and 76 loci linked to involuntary movements(11 genes were mapped).Risk loci located in CNTNAP2,LUZP2,TMEM167A,and RAB44 genes were successfully replicated in the validation cohort,whereas the locus located in RAB44 was also replicated in the multi-ancestry cohort.Gene-based analyses indicated that XRCC4 and PAIP2B reached significance at the genome-wide level in involuntary movements.Tissue expression analysis revealed that involuntary movement-related genes are predominantly expressed in the substantia nigra.Additionally,the TWAS suggested a causal relationship between XRCC4 and involuntary movement.The PRSs derived from the discovery cohort significantly predicted AIMDs in the validation cohort,with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)values from 0.60 to 0.80.Conclusions:Our findings highlight the role of substantia nigra related gene polymorphisms in AIMDs.This study provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of AIMDs and supports the potential for personalized treatment approaches for schizophrenia.展开更多
Investments in eco-friendly,recyclable material solutions and innovation in bio-based nonwovens are increasingly shaping the next generation of automotive interiors.The development of nonwoven materials and associated...Investments in eco-friendly,recyclable material solutions and innovation in bio-based nonwovens are increasingly shaping the next generation of automotive interiors.The development of nonwoven materials and associated technologies is likely to lead to even wider adoption in the automotive industry,driven by rising global vehicle production,particularly in the growing electric vehicle(EV)segment,and an intensified focus on sustainable solutions.展开更多
The published article titled“MicroRNA-148a Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in Osteosarcoma via Targeting Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Kinase”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.25,No.8,2017,pp.1231–1243.DOI:10.3...The published article titled“MicroRNA-148a Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in Osteosarcoma via Targeting Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Kinase”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.25,No.8,2017,pp.1231–1243.DOI:10.3727/096504017X14850134190255 URL:https://www.techscience.com/or/v25n8/56908 Following the publication,concerns have been raised about a number of figures in this article.An unexpected area of similarity was identified in terms of the cellular data,where the results from differently performed experiments were intended to have been shown,although the areas immediately surrounding this area featured comparatively different distributions of cells.In addition,the western blots in this article were presented with atypical,unusually shaped and possibly anomalous protein bands in many cases.展开更多
To address the issues of frequent identity switches(IDs)and degraded identification accuracy in multi object tracking(MOT)under complex occlusion scenarios,this study proposes an occlusion-robust tracking framework ba...To address the issues of frequent identity switches(IDs)and degraded identification accuracy in multi object tracking(MOT)under complex occlusion scenarios,this study proposes an occlusion-robust tracking framework based on face-pedestrian joint feature modeling.By constructing a joint tracking model centered on“intra-class independent tracking+cross-category dynamic binding”,designing a multi-modal matching metric with spatio-temporal and appearance constraints,and innovatively introducing a cross-category feature mutual verification mechanism and a dual matching strategy,this work effectively resolves performance degradation in traditional single-category tracking methods caused by short-term occlusion,cross-camera tracking,and crowded environments.Experiments on the Chokepoint_Face_Pedestrian_Track test set demonstrate that in complex scenes,the proposed method improves Face-Pedestrian Matching F1 area under the curve(F1 AUC)by approximately 4 to 43 percentage points compared to several traditional methods.The joint tracking model achieves overall performance metrics of IDF1:85.1825%and MOTA:86.5956%,representing improvements of 0.91 and 0.06 percentage points,respectively,over the baseline model.Ablation studies confirm the effectiveness of key modules such as the Intersection over Area(IoA)/Intersection over Union(IoU)joint metric and dynamic threshold adjustment,validating the significant role of the cross-category identity matching mechanism in enhancing tracking stability.Our_model shows a 16.7%frame per second(FPS)drop vs.fairness of detection and re-identification in multiple object tracking(FairMOT),with its cross-category binding module adding aboute 10%overhead,yet maintains near-real-time performance for essential face-pedestrian tracking at small resolutions.展开更多
In Chin.Phys.B 34114704(2025),Eq.(7)and the associated unit notation were incorrect.The correct ones are present here.Since Eq.(7)is an in-built expression in the simulation package,the correction is purely typographi...In Chin.Phys.B 34114704(2025),Eq.(7)and the associated unit notation were incorrect.The correct ones are present here.Since Eq.(7)is an in-built expression in the simulation package,the correction is purely typographical and does not affect the simulation procedure,numerical results,or the conclusions.展开更多
基金Supported in part by the Doctoral Station Grant of Chinese Education Committee (20050574002), P. R. China
文摘Using an elementary method, we give a new proof of the all-associativity of octonions. As some applications, the known Taylor theorem is improved, and a new definition and new properties of octonionic determinant are also obtained.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20111061)
文摘The interface associativity and energy absorption capability of composite structure with anti-vibration porous Al-MM（cerium-rich mischmetal）alloy core and iron alloy skin were investigated.Porous aluminum core/iron alloy skin structures were fabricated considering an iron alloy tube as its shell and closed-cell porous Al-MM alloy as its core.A peeling experiment was carried out to calculate the capacity of interfacial bonding and a compression test was carried out to determine the energy absorption capability.The results showed that the addition of MM significantly enhanced both the interfacial bonding and the energy absorption capacity.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2022JJ30987)the Key Research and Development Project of Hunan Province (2024JK2107),China。
文摘Objective:The incidence and mortality of colorectal carcinoma(CRC)continue to rise globally,highlighting the need to identify modifiable risk factors for early detection and prevention.Previous studies have demonstrated significant associations between CRC risk and various serum metabolites as well as inflammatory cytokines;however,due to limitations in study design and potential confounding factors,the causal relationships remain unclear.This study aims to investigate the causal relationships between inflammatory cytokines,serum metabolites,and CRC risk,providing a theoretical basis for the development of novel early diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.Methods:A two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)design was applied using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies(GWAS).Instrumental variables(IVs)were derived from:1)metabolomics GWAS data of 1400 serum metabolites(n=8299);2)cytokine GWAS data of 91 inflammatory factors(n=14824);and 3)CRC risk data from the FinnGen consortium(6847 cases and 314193 controls).The primary analysis was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method,with sensitivity analyses performed using MR Egger regression and the weighted median method.Effect estimates including odds ratios(OR),95%confidence intervals(CI),and false discovery rates(FDR)were calculated.Results:MR analysis indicated that higher levels of axin-1(AXIN1)(OR=0.84195%CI 0.714 to 0.991)and Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand(Flt3L)(OR=0.916,95%CI 0.844 to 0.994)were associated with a reduced risk of CRC.In contrast,higher levels of Delta/Notchlike epidermal growth factor-related receptor(DNER)(OR=1.119,95%CI 1.009 to 1.241)and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGF-A)(OR=1.078,95%CI 1.011 to 1.150)were associated with an increased risk of CRC(all P<0.05).Metabolomics association analysis further identified 144 serum metabolites significantly correlated with these four key inflammatory cytokines(FDR<0.05),suggesting that they may regulate CRC risk through inflammatory pathways.Conclusion:Specific inflammatory cytokines and serum metabolites have causal relationships with the risk of CRC.These findings provide insights for further exploration of potential risk factors and the development of effective prevention strategies for CRC.
文摘2026年3月6日,北欧中文教学协会(Nordic Association for Chinese Language Education)正式成立。协会旨在加强北欧地区(包括瑞典、挪威、丹麦、芬兰、冰岛)和波罗的海国家(爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、立陶宛)的中文教师、研究者和学习者之间的交流与合作,通过分享教学经验与科研成果,协会致力于不断提升中文教师的专业素养,扩展科研合作,推动区域中文教育的发展。
文摘AIM:To investigate the potential causal associations between 41 inflammatory cytokines and myopia using a two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)approach.METHODS:Publicly available genome-wide association study(GWAS)datasets were utilized for this two-sample MR analysis.Inflammatory cytokine-related GWAS data were extracted from The University of Bristol’s Research Data Repository,and myopia-related GWAS data were obtained from the FinnGen project.Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)associated with inflammatory cytokines were systematically selected as instrumental variables(IVs)based on three rigorous criteria:relevance,independence,and exclusion of pleiotropy.Five MR methods were employed for causal inference:the inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method as the primary analysis,supplemented by MREgger regression,weighted median estimator,simple mode,and weighted mode approaches.Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the causal estimates.RESULTS:A total of 773 myopia-associated SNPs were identified.MR analysis revealed that higher levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α(MIP-1α)were associated with a 17%reduced risk of myopia[odds ratio(OR)=0.83;95%confidence interval(CI):0.69-0.99;P<0.05].In contrast,elevated levels of eotaxin(OR=1.26;95%CI:1.07-1.47;P<0.01),stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF-1α;OR=1.68;95%CI:1.08-2.62;P<0.05),and interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha(IL-2Rα;OR=1.25;95%CI:1.01-1.53;P<0.05)were significantly associated with an increased risk of myopia.Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of these results.CONCLUSION:This study provides evidence supporting a causal relationship between specific inflammatory cytokines and myopia.MIP-1αmay act as a protective factor against myopia,while eotaxin,SDF-1α,and IL-2Rαare potential risk factors for myopia.These findings emphasize the critical role of inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis of myopia,offering novel insights for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies for myopia.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(24JRRA937 and 25JRRA1234)grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82360469)+2 种基金The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(lzujbky-2024-ou19)Scientific research projects in the health industry of Gansu Province(GSWSKY2024-78 and GSWSKY2025-23)Research Project for Introduced Talents of Northwest Minzu University(xbmuyjrc2023020).
文摘Background:Breast cancer(BC)remains one of the most prevalent and complex malignancies worldwide,necessitating advanced approaches for its study and treatment.Therefore,we conducted a comprehensive analysis merging plasma proteomics and transcriptomics to discover the potential druggable targets in BC.Methods:Our analytical framework encompassed following approaches:two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)for protein analysis,summary-based MR(SMR)for transcript evaluation,along with colocalization studies of coding genes.This multi-omics strategy,coupled with protein-protein interaction(PPI)network and Gene Ontology(GO)analyses,revealed candidate biomarkers and their biological significance in BC.Results:We discovered 46 proteins showing significant associations with BC through analysis of pQTLs encompassing 3,707 plasma proteins derived from three extensive large-scale genome-wide association studies(GWAS),combined with blood-and tissue-specific expression QTLs.The previously identified 11 proteins through MR were annexin IV(ANX4),snurportin 1(SPN1),fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2),rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta,alpha-1,4-galactosyltransferase(A4GALT),toll like receptor1(TLR1),Unc-51 like kinase 3(ULK3),parkinsonism associated deglycase(PARK7),TNF receptor superfamily member 9(TNFRSF9),immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine rich repeat(ISLR2),cathepsin F(CTSF).Importantly,our study provides novel causal genetic evidence for 34 additional proteins whose roles in BC had not previously been established through transcriptome-or proteome-wide MR analyses,even though some had been discussed in observational or mechanistic contexts.From these findings,five newly identified proteins SUGP1(OR 1.12,95%CI 1.06-1.18),PKD2(OR 1.38,95%CI 1.20-1.59),KAT3(OR 1.06,95%CI 1.03-1.09),HPLN4(OR 1.24,95%CI 1.12-1.38),GST M1-1(OR 0.96,95%CI 0.94-0.98),and SEM4A(OR 1.17,95%CI 1.09-1.26)demonstrated significance across MR,SMR,and colocalization studies.The remaining 27 proteins,including Coagulation Factor V,PTN9,TS101(TSG101),RSPO3,CGA,CEBPB,CASP8,RALB,SCAMP3,EIF2AK3,Sialoadhesin(SIGLEC1),NSF,CD68,sL-Selectin(SELL),F177A(FAM177A1),PEAR1,BY55,NIT2,ATX3,TFPI-2,NAG,Layilin,RCL,PDCD6,CILP2,DAG1 and CATF,emerged as potential therapeutic candidates as well.Conclusion:The multi-omics examination incorporating plasma proteins and gene transcripts revealed 46 promising drug candidates for BC,suggesting new treatments in future.
基金the funding from the Mixed Fund of the National Council of Humanities,Sciences,and Technologies of Mexico and the National Forestry Commission (CON-ACYT-CONAFOR-2017-4-292615)SECIHTI provided a graduate scholarship to Carlos Alberto Segura Sánchez (776540).
文摘Forest ecosystems worldwide can be affected by extreme climatic events.Trees respond to these occurrences in multidimensional ways,involving various mechanisms,to deal with the effects and restore the forests to their optimal state.Such abilities are known as resilience.Tree ring analysis can be used to evaluate drought resilience.Analysis of dendrophenotypes,together with genetic studies,has become an essential tool for identifying drought resilient genotypes.This study aimed to determine the dendrogenomic resilience mechanisms in the fragmented,isolated,rare endemic Mexican species Picea martinezii and P.mexicana by analysis of annual rings and the associations with SNP markers identified by genotyping by sequencing(GBS).Increment cores and needles for GBS for resilience analysis were collected from P.martinezii trees in three populations,and from P.mexicana trees in two populations.The results show that fundamental dendrogenomic mechanisms were associated with drought resilience in P.martinezii and P.mexicana.PC1 in PCA for five outlier SNPs was linked to annual tracheid width variations in P.martinezii caused by severe drought events in 1962,1989,1998 and 2011.These five outlier SNPs were located in genes coding the proteins reticulon-like protein B22,pollen-specific leucine-rich repeat extension,ornithine decarboxylase like,LisH/CRA/RING-U-box domains-containing protein and proline transporter 2-like isoform X1,which are important in the dry stress tolerance metabolism involved in the resilience response in plants.The discovery of genetic markers associated with drought resilience highlights the importance of preserving genetic diversity.
文摘Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.
文摘Mammalian fertilization involves the migration of spermatozoa through the female reproductive system.Early embryonic development is a consequence of several steps and signaling pathways being activated,as well as biochemical and morphological modifications of spermatozoa that enable them to penetrate the membrane of mature oocytes.There are some crucial steps known to clearly explain the process of fertilization,starting with hyperactivation of spermatozoa,mutual recognition,and binding of gametes mediated by receptors located on the surface membranes of both gametes.The final step is followed by oocyte activation,which is primarily triggered via sperm-derived factors,inducing a sharp increase in intracellular calcium levels,eventually leading to polyspermy block.This review integrates current knowledge of the molecular and physiological events governing fertilization,emphasizing how ion regulation and signaling pathways converge to enable sperm function and oocyte activation.Special attention is given to sperm-derived factors such as phospholipase C zeta(PLCζ)and post-acrosomal sheath WW domain-binding protein(PAWP),which play essential roles in triggering calcium release and supporting early embryonic development.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82270924)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS 2021-I2M-1-016)the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2022-PUMCH-C-014,2025-PUMCH-C-041).
文摘Objective Previous Mendelian randomization(MR)studies have suggested an association between the gut microbiome and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).However,the reliance on 16S rRNA sequencing data has led to inconsistent findings and limited species-level insights.To address this,we conducted a de novo MR analysis using species-level shotgun metagenomic data,combined it with a meta-analysis to consolidate the existing evidence,and explored metabolite-mediated pathways.Methods Bidirectional MR analyses were performed between 883 gut microbiota taxa(derived from shotgun metagenomic genome-wide association study)and MAFLD.Published MR studies(up to December 1,2024)were identified using PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library for meta-analysis.Multivariable MR(MVMR)and mediation analyses were applied to assess the mediating effects of 1,400 blood metabolites.Results The de novo MR identified 25 MAFLD-associated microbial taxa.Integration with 7 published studies revealed 34 causal taxa,including 10 at the species level.Among the 1,400 metabolites,53 showed causal links with MAFLD.MVMR and mediation analyses identified deoxycholate as a mediator of the effect of Bifidobacterium on MAFLD risk(22.06%mediation proportion).Conclusion This study elucidated the connections between species-level gut microbiota and MAFLD,highlighting the interplay between microbiota,metabolites,and disease pathogenesis.These findings provide novel insights into the potential therapeutic targets for MAFLD.
文摘According to the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM),China's auto industry reached record highs in 2025,with production and sales at 34.53 million and 34.4 million vehicles,respectively.This secured China's position as the world's largest auto market for the 17th year in a row.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1900700)。
文摘The development of wheat cultivars with improved nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)use efficiency is essential for sustainable agriculture.Genetic dissection and identification of causative genes underlying nutrient use efficiency represent a key strategy toward this goal.We conducted an extensive genome-wide association study(GWAS)using a panel of 431 wheat cultivars,identifying 1,659 significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)(LOD>5)through genotyping-by-sequencing.This analysis revealed 534 quantitative trait loci(QTLs)associated with 12 nutrient use efficiency traits across five distinct environments,among which 14 QTLs were consistently detected in at least three environments.Notably,meta-QTL analysis,showed that QTL80(72.12–74.24 Mb,chr2A),QTL387(32.88–33.56 Mb,chr6A),and QTL500(535.53–540.80 Mb,chr7B)exhibit clear co-localization with MQTL-2A-2,MQTL-6A-1,and MQTL-7B-2,respectively.This overlap highlights their robustness across diverse environmental conditions.Within these regions,critical candidate genes-including members of the bZIP transcription factor family and a potassium transporter gene-were identified in relation to nutrient use efficiency.Furthermore,a novel locus,QTL234,was discovered,harboring key candidate genes such as dof zinc finger protein,Ankyrin repeat family protein,and cytochrome P450.To validate the SNP within QTL234 associated with nitrogen harvest index(NHI),we developed a dCAPS marker for AX-109095537.These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of high-resolution SNP-based GWAS in rapidly pinpointing promising candidate genes.They also establish a foundation for large-scale QTL fine mapping,candidate gene validation,and the development of functional markers essential for enhancing nutrient use efficiency in wheat breeding programs.
基金supported by USDA-SCRI(Grant Nos.2017-51181-26830 and 2023-51181-41321)USDA-AMS SCMP(Grant No.16SCCMAR0001)+1 种基金Arkansas Department of Agriculture SCBGP(Grant No.AM22SCBGPAR1130-00)USDA NIFA Hatch project ARK0VG2018 and ARK02440.
文摘The Leafminers,representing a diverse group of insects from various genera within the Agromyzidae family,pose a significant threat to spinach(Spinacia oleracea L.)production.This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers associated with leafminer resistance through a genome-wide association study(GWAS)and to evaluate the prediction accuracy(PA)for selecting resistant spinach using genomic prediction(GP).Using a dataset of 84301 SNPs obtained from whole-genome resequencing,seven GWAS models,including BLINK,FarmCPU,MLM,and MLMM in GAPIT 3,as well as MLM,GLM,and SMR in TASSEL 5,were employed to perform GWAS on a panel of 286 USDA spinach germplasm accessions.Three SNP markers,namely 1_115279256_C_T,3_157082529_C_T,and 4_168510908_T_G on chromosomes 1,3,and 4,respectively,were identified as associated with leafminer resistance.In the 30 kb flanking regions of these markers,four candidate genes(SOV1g031330,SOV1g031340,SOV4g047270,and SOV4g047280),encoding LOB domain-containing protein,KH domain-containing protein,were discovered.Nodulin-like domain-containing protein,and SAM domain-containing protein,were discovered.The PA for leafminer resistance selection was estimated using ten different SNP sets,including two GWAS-derived marker sets(three and 51 SNPs)and eight random marker sets(ranging from 51 to 10 K SNPs)analyzed by seven GP models.The findings emphasized the superior performance of GWAS-derived SNP sets,reaching a PA of up to 0.79 using the cBLUP model.Notably,this research marks the pioneering application of GP in the context of insect resistance,providing a significant advancement in the understanding and management of leafminer resistance in spinach cultivation.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China-Regional Science Foundation Project“Research on constructing cell communication networks based on single-cell and spatial transcriptomics data”(62362062)The Multimodal Major Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Science and Engineering Key Laboratory Project of MIIT“Identification of novel drug targets for lung cancer via Mendelian randomization analysis based on blood proteomics”(MCD-2023-1-15).
文摘Genome-wide association study(GWAS)data are used to explore the associations between blood metabolites and 5 respiratory diseases:asthma,tuberculosis(TB),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),cor pulmonale,and bronchitis.The main method of analysis used is the inverse-variance weighted(IVW)approach,complemented by several sensitivity analyses,including MR-Egger regression,the weighted median,the weighted mode,Cochran’s Q test,and the pleiotropy test.Additional directional tests,Meta-analysis and metabolic pathway analyses are conducted for deeper insights.3 metabolites showing significant causal relationships are identified.Catechol glucuronide levels as a protective factor have a positive causal relationship with asthma;the creatine to carnitine ratio has a negative causal relationship with COPD as a risk factor;and the adenosine 5’-diphosphate(ADP)to N-acetylglucosamine to N-acetylgalactosamine ratio as a protective factor has a positive causal relationship with bronchitis.Additionally,13 metabolites demonstrate strong causal relationships.Furthermore,we delineate 14 metabolic pathways related to the outcomes,including 6 associated with asthma,2 with TB,1 with COPD,4 with cor pulmonale,and 1 with bronchitis.A causal relationship between blood metabolites and 5 respiratory diseases has been established.The identified metabolites and pathways offer new insights into the underlying mechanisms of these diseases,necessitating further experimental validation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82330042,82441005 and 82301687)the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFE0119400)+9 种基金the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(2024-1-4111)the STI2030-Major Projects-2021ZD0200702Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Peking University Medicine Fund for world’s leading discipline or discipline cluster development,BMU2022DJXK007)the Beijing Municipal Health Commission Research Ward Programme(3rd batch)Beijing Nova Program(20230484425)the Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,Administrative Commission of Zhongguancun Science Park(Z221100003522010)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M760141 and 2022M720302)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20240029)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7254462)the Peking University Medicine Sailing Program for Young Scholars’Scientific&Technological Innovation,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(BMU2025YFJHPY044 and BMU2025YFJHPY046).
文摘Background:Antipsychotic-induced movement disorders(AIMDs)are prevalent side effects of antipsychotics,particularly during the acute phase of treatment.This study aimed to elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying AIMDs using a genome-wide association study(GWAS).Methods:GWASs on AIMDs were conducted in three independent cohorts:a discovery cohort of 3067 patients(2016 subjects were reserved after quality control),a validation cohort of 277 patients,and a multi-ancestry validation cohort of 766 patients.Subsequent post-GWAS analyses included gene-based analyses,transcriptome-wide association studies(TWASs),and polygenic risk score(PRS)profiling.Results:Our study identified two loci located in RAB44 gene(rs116249243,P=5.98×10^(-9);rs117097482,P=1.17×10^(-8))associated with extrapyramidal symptoms(EPSs),1 locus(rs6826172,P=5.56×10^(-9))related to akathisia,and 76 loci linked to involuntary movements(11 genes were mapped).Risk loci located in CNTNAP2,LUZP2,TMEM167A,and RAB44 genes were successfully replicated in the validation cohort,whereas the locus located in RAB44 was also replicated in the multi-ancestry cohort.Gene-based analyses indicated that XRCC4 and PAIP2B reached significance at the genome-wide level in involuntary movements.Tissue expression analysis revealed that involuntary movement-related genes are predominantly expressed in the substantia nigra.Additionally,the TWAS suggested a causal relationship between XRCC4 and involuntary movement.The PRSs derived from the discovery cohort significantly predicted AIMDs in the validation cohort,with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)values from 0.60 to 0.80.Conclusions:Our findings highlight the role of substantia nigra related gene polymorphisms in AIMDs.This study provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of AIMDs and supports the potential for personalized treatment approaches for schizophrenia.
文摘Investments in eco-friendly,recyclable material solutions and innovation in bio-based nonwovens are increasingly shaping the next generation of automotive interiors.The development of nonwoven materials and associated technologies is likely to lead to even wider adoption in the automotive industry,driven by rising global vehicle production,particularly in the growing electric vehicle(EV)segment,and an intensified focus on sustainable solutions.
文摘The published article titled“MicroRNA-148a Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in Osteosarcoma via Targeting Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Kinase”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.25,No.8,2017,pp.1231–1243.DOI:10.3727/096504017X14850134190255 URL:https://www.techscience.com/or/v25n8/56908 Following the publication,concerns have been raised about a number of figures in this article.An unexpected area of similarity was identified in terms of the cellular data,where the results from differently performed experiments were intended to have been shown,although the areas immediately surrounding this area featured comparatively different distributions of cells.In addition,the western blots in this article were presented with atypical,unusually shaped and possibly anomalous protein bands in many cases.
基金supported by the confidential research grant No.a8317。
文摘To address the issues of frequent identity switches(IDs)and degraded identification accuracy in multi object tracking(MOT)under complex occlusion scenarios,this study proposes an occlusion-robust tracking framework based on face-pedestrian joint feature modeling.By constructing a joint tracking model centered on“intra-class independent tracking+cross-category dynamic binding”,designing a multi-modal matching metric with spatio-temporal and appearance constraints,and innovatively introducing a cross-category feature mutual verification mechanism and a dual matching strategy,this work effectively resolves performance degradation in traditional single-category tracking methods caused by short-term occlusion,cross-camera tracking,and crowded environments.Experiments on the Chokepoint_Face_Pedestrian_Track test set demonstrate that in complex scenes,the proposed method improves Face-Pedestrian Matching F1 area under the curve(F1 AUC)by approximately 4 to 43 percentage points compared to several traditional methods.The joint tracking model achieves overall performance metrics of IDF1:85.1825%and MOTA:86.5956%,representing improvements of 0.91 and 0.06 percentage points,respectively,over the baseline model.Ablation studies confirm the effectiveness of key modules such as the Intersection over Area(IoA)/Intersection over Union(IoU)joint metric and dynamic threshold adjustment,validating the significant role of the cross-category identity matching mechanism in enhancing tracking stability.Our_model shows a 16.7%frame per second(FPS)drop vs.fairness of detection and re-identification in multiple object tracking(FairMOT),with its cross-category binding module adding aboute 10%overhead,yet maintains near-real-time performance for essential face-pedestrian tracking at small resolutions.
文摘In Chin.Phys.B 34114704(2025),Eq.(7)and the associated unit notation were incorrect.The correct ones are present here.Since Eq.(7)is an in-built expression in the simulation package,the correction is purely typographical and does not affect the simulation procedure,numerical results,or the conclusions.
