Background:Work engagement(WE)is critical to quality primary healthcare delivery.However,limited research has explored its levels and determinants among healthcare professionals in low-and middle-income countries.This...Background:Work engagement(WE)is critical to quality primary healthcare delivery.However,limited research has explored its levels and determinants among healthcare professionals in low-and middle-income countries.This study assessed the levels and correlates of work engagement among physician assistants(PAs)in Ghana.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 439 PAs from October to December 2024.Participants were recruited via emails,social media platforms,and posters featuring study links and scannable questionnaire codes.WE was measured using the validated Utrecht Work Engagement Scale questionnaire.Results:Overall,WE levels were average,with similar trends across the three subdomains.In the bootstrapped multivariate linear regression model,anxiety was negatively associated with WE(β=-0.49,95%confidence interval[CI]:-0.77 to-0.21).Conversely,working in an urban area(β=0.36,95%CI:0.05 to 0.67),holding the rank of PA/Senior PA(β=0.27,95%CI:0.03 to 0.52),reporting good self-rated health(β=0.54,95%CI:0.19 to 0.88),and working at health centers(β=0.86,95%CI:0.22 to 1.50)were positively associated with WElevels.Conclusion:WE levels are average in the study sample,highlighting the need for strategic interventions to improve and sustain the healthcare workforce's motivation and performance.Addressing workplace stressors,enhancing professional development opportunities,and fostering supportive work environments could improve engagement among PAs and healthcare professionals in general.Strengthening WE is essential for ensuring resilient quality primary healthcare systems and achieving the goals of universal health coverage.展开更多
Background:This study evaluates the ability of mobile AI voice assistants(AI-VAs)to provide accurate medical advice for early knee osteoarthritis(KOA)and compares their performance with conventional web searches and h...Background:This study evaluates the ability of mobile AI voice assistants(AI-VAs)to provide accurate medical advice for early knee osteoarthritis(KOA)and compares their performance with conventional web searches and human clinicians.Methods:From September to October 2024,two AI-VAs(Apple’s Siri and Huawei’s Xiaoyi)were tested on 15 KOA-related questions in Chinese and English.The assessment focused on the accuracy of voice recognition,response capabilities,and medical advice.Siri was further tested in four international regions(USA,UK,Germany,Hong Kong)using localized languages.Results:In Chinese-language tests,Siri and Xiaoyi showed comparable voice recognition(recognition accuracy:95.6%vs.93.3%)and response ability(speech response:88.9%vs.85.7%).However,Siri provided significantly more accurate medical advice(medical advice:95.6%vs.53.3%;Z=2.762,P<0.001).External validation via Global Quality Score further confirmed Siri’s superiority(mean Global Quality Score=4.0 vs.Xiaoai=0.9).Siri outperformed Xiaoyi in English-language tests(53.3%vs.0%).While Siri’s medical advice accuracy(95.6%)surpassed non-specialist clinicians(Z=2.685,P=0.007),it primarily reflects filtered search results(Baidu/Google)rather than clinical synthesis.Claims of equivalence to junior surgeons(98.2%)must be interpreted cautiously,as AI-VAs lack diagnostic reasoning capabilities.This distinction is critical to avoid overstating their role in clinical decision-making.Conclusion:Current AI-VAs offer limited value in providing precise medical advice for KOA,primarily serving as intermediaries for web search results.Their performance varies across languages,regions,and search engines.展开更多
This study analyzed how impressions are formed online depending on the type of social media and the implications that may come from the over-disclosure of information. Using a Qualtrics survey, 97 participants viewed ...This study analyzed how impressions are formed online depending on the type of social media and the implications that may come from the over-disclosure of information. Using a Qualtrics survey, 97 participants viewed the profile of a female teaching assistant on Twitter and Facebook. While there was little difference between the two social media, the use of self-disclosure on Twitter seemed slightly more inappropriate for sharing personal information.展开更多
To investigate the levels of exposure to particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH） and to estimate the risk these levels pose to traffic assistants （TAs） in Tianjin （a rnegacity in North China）, a ...To investigate the levels of exposure to particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH） and to estimate the risk these levels pose to traffic assistants （TAs） in Tianjin （a rnegacity in North China）, a measurement campaign （33 all-day exposure samples, 25 occupational-exposure samples and 10 indoor samples） was conducted to characterize the TAs＇ exposure to PAHs, assess the cancer risk and identify the potential sources of exposure. The average total exposure concentration of 14 PAHs was approximately 2871 ＋ 928 ng/rn3 （on-duty）, and 1622 ＋ 457 ng/m3 （all-day）. The indoor PAHs level was 1257 ＋ 107 ng/m3. After 8000 Monte Carlo simulations, the cancer risk resulting from exposure to PAHs was found to be approximately 1.05 x 10-4. A multivariate analysis was applied to identify the potential sources, and the results showed that, in addition to vehicle exhaust, coal combustion and cooking fumes were also another two important contributors to personal PAH exposure. The diagnostic ratios of PAH compounds agree with the source apportionment results derived from principal component analysis.展开更多
Many language instructors in colleges and universities around the world have teaching assistants to help them with the teaching. Since 1968, the Fulbright Foreign Language Teaching Assistant （FLTA） program has aimed...Many language instructors in colleges and universities around the world have teaching assistants to help them with the teaching. Since 1968, the Fulbright Foreign Language Teaching Assistant （FLTA） program has aimed to strengthen foreign language instruction at U.S. educational institutions by establishing a native speaker presence. As one of the first group of Fulbright Chinese Language Assistants, the author worked at the College of Wooster in the United States from August, 2005 to May, 2006. At the beginning of the paper, the author gave a brief introduction of Fulbright FLTA program. Then the author described five cultural activities that Fulbright FLTAs could employ in foreign language learners＇ learning process： giving presentations, teaching songs, watching movies, organizing free tea or coffee breaks, and holding free talks. The following section discussed two phenomena that FLTAs should avoid, that is, ethnocentrism and cultural stereotyping. The author pointed out in the conclusion that Fulbright language assistants should make efforts to be qualified cultural ambassadors.展开更多
This article examines the implementation of a virtual health assistant powered by Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and GPT-4, aimed at enhancing clinical support through personalized, real-time interactions with p...This article examines the implementation of a virtual health assistant powered by Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and GPT-4, aimed at enhancing clinical support through personalized, real-time interactions with patients. The system is hypothesized to improve healthcare accessibility, operational efficiency, and patient outcomes by automating routine tasks and delivering accurate health information. The assistant leverages natural language processing and real-time data retrieval models to respond to patient inquiries, schedule appointments, provide medication reminders, assist with symptom triage, and answer insurance-related questions. By integrating RAG-based virtual care, the system reduces the burden on healthcare specialists and helps mitigate healthcare disparities, particularly in rural areas where traditional care is limited. Although the initial scope of testing did not validate all potential benefits, the results demonstrated high patient satisfaction and strong response accuracy, both critical for systems of this nature. These findings underscore the transformative potential of AI-driven virtual health assistants in enhancing patient engagement, streamlining operational workflows, and improving healthcare accessibility, ultimately contributing to better outcomes and more cost-effective care delivery.展开更多
Whether you leave business school to become a corporate manager, a professional high performer or an entrepreneur, you will spend much of your time on tasks unrelated to your expertise. Only the most senior executives...Whether you leave business school to become a corporate manager, a professional high performer or an entrepreneur, you will spend much of your time on tasks unrelated to your expertise. Only the most senior executives now have dedicated personal assistants and so the more mundane work of emails.展开更多
This paper attempts to approach the interface of a robot from the perspective of virtual assistants.Virtual assistants can also be characterized as the mind of a robot,since they manage communication and action with t...This paper attempts to approach the interface of a robot from the perspective of virtual assistants.Virtual assistants can also be characterized as the mind of a robot,since they manage communication and action with the rest of the world they exist in.Therefore,virtual assistants can also be described as the brain of a robot and they include a Natural Language Processing(NLP)module for conducting communication in their human-robot interface.This work is focused on inquiring and enhancing the capabilities of this module.The problem is that nothing much is revealed about the nature of the human-robot interface of commercial virtual assistants.Therefore,any new attempt of developing such a capability has to start from scratch.Accordingly,to include corresponding capabilities to a developing NLP system of a virtual assistant,a method of systemic semantic modelling is proposed and applied.For this purpose,the paper briefly reviews the evolution of virtual assistants from the first assistant,in the form of a game,to the latest assistant that has significantly elevated their standards.Then there is a reference to the evolution of their services and their continued offerings,as well as future expectations.The paper presents their structure and the technologies used,according to the data provided by the development companies to the public,while an attempt is made to classify virtual assistants,based on their characteristics and capabilities.Consequently,a robotic NLP interface is being developed,based on the communicative power of a proposed systemic conceptual model that may enhance the NLP capabilities of virtual assistants,being tested through a small natural language dictionary in Greek.展开更多
The rapid advancement of AI technology has significantly impacted higher education,presenting both opportunities and challenges for teaching and learning.Although students can benefit from AI,many remain unaware of it...The rapid advancement of AI technology has significantly impacted higher education,presenting both opportunities and challenges for teaching and learning.Although students can benefit from AI,many remain unaware of its potential utility.Moreover,concerns regarding the accuracy and reliability of AI complicate its proper use.This study incorporated an AI teaching assistant,called Blueink,into a biochemistry course at a medical university in China.The researchers assessed the alterations in individuals’knowledge,AI use,and critical thinking skills by conducting a review before and after the training.This was done to furnish valuable information for academics and specialists.The findings presented that the participating college students perceived AI as increasingly essential for contemporary learning and excelled at discovering significant facts using AI techniques.However,their confidence in AI responses and their habits and preferences for posing inquiries remained unchanged after the training.The study indicates that AI tools not only enhance students’skill acquisition but require greater clarity and proficiency.Collaborating with diverse specialists can yield superior AI tools for education.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Hemiplegia,a prevalent stroke-related condition,is often studied for motor dysfunction;however,spasticity remains under-researched.Abnormal muscle tone significantly hinders hemiplegic patients’walking rec...BACKGROUND:Hemiplegia,a prevalent stroke-related condition,is often studied for motor dysfunction;however,spasticity remains under-researched.Abnormal muscle tone significantly hinders hemiplegic patients’walking recovery.OBJECTIVE:To determine whether early suspension-protected training with a personal assistant machine for stroke patients enhances walking ability and prevents muscle spasms.METHODS:Thirty-two early-stage stroke patients from Shenzhen University General Hospital and the China Rehabilitation Research Center were randomly assigned to the experimental group(n=16)and the control group(n=16).Both groups underwent 4 weeks of gait training under the suspension protection system for 30 minutes daily,5 days a week.The experimental group used the personal assistant machine during training.Three-dimensional gait analysis(using the Cortex motion capture system),Brunnstrom staging,Fugl-Meyer Assessment for lower limb motor function,Fugl-Meyer balance function,and the modified Ashworth Scale were evaluated within 1 week before the intervention and after 4 weeks of intervention.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After the 4-week intervention,all outcome measures showed significant changes in each group.The experimental group had a small but significant increase in the modified Ashworth Scale score(P<0.05,d=|0.15|),while the control group had a large significant increase(P<0.05,d=|1.48|).The experimental group demonstrated greater improvements in walking speed(16.5 to 38.44 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|4.01|),step frequency(46.44 to 64.94 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|2.32|),stride length(15.50 to 29.81 cm,P<0.05,d=|3.44|),and peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.82|to|2.17|).After treatment,the experimental group showed significantly greater improvements than the control group in walking speed(38.44 vs.26.63 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|2.75|),stride length,peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.31|to|1.45|),step frequency(64.94 vs.59.38 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|0.85|),and a reduced support phase(bilateral:24.31%vs.28.38%,P<0.05,d=|0.88|;non-paretic:66.19%vs.70.13%,P<0.05,d=|0.94|).For early hemiplegia,personal assistant machine-assisted gait training under the suspension protection system helps establish a correct gait pattern,prevents muscle spasms,and improves motor function.展开更多
Tilted metasurface nanostructures,with excellent physical properties and enormous application potential,pose an urgent need for manufacturing methods.Here,electric-field-driven generative-nanoimprinting technique is p...Tilted metasurface nanostructures,with excellent physical properties and enormous application potential,pose an urgent need for manufacturing methods.Here,electric-field-driven generative-nanoimprinting technique is proposed.The electric field applied between the template and the substrate drives the contact,tilting,filling,and holding processes.By accurately controlling the introduced included angle between the flexible template and the substrate,tilted nanostructures with a controllable angle are imprinted onto the substrate,although they are vertical on the template.By flexibly adjusting the electric field intensity and the included angle,large-area uniform-tilted,gradient-tilted,and high-angle-tilted nanostructures are fabricated.In contrast to traditional replication,the morphology of the nanoimprinting structure is extended to customized control.This work provides a cost-effective,efficient,and versatile technology for the fabrication of various large-area tilted metasurface structures.As an illustration,a tilted nanograting with a high coupling efficiency is fabricated and integrated into augmented reality displays,demonstrating superior imaging quality.展开更多
Rationale:This case report describes a couple with recurrent fertilization failure despite undergoing multiple cycles of intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).The principal clinical concern was suspected oocyte activ...Rationale:This case report describes a couple with recurrent fertilization failure despite undergoing multiple cycles of intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).The principal clinical concern was suspected oocyte activation deficiency(OAD),in which fertilization is impeded due to the oocyte’s inability to initiate embryogenesis,commonly attributed to inadequate intracellular calcium(Ca^(2+))release following sperm injection.Patient concerns:The couple repeatedly experienced complete or near-complete fertilization failure in previous ICSI cycles,raising suspicion of an underlying oocyte activation defect.Diagnosis:Based on the repeated absence of fertilization post-ICSI and clinical history,a diagnosis of suspected OAD leading to recurrent ICSI fertilization failure was considered.Interventions:Artificial oocyte activation(AOA)using the calcium ionophore A23187 was performed.After ICSI,unfertilized oocytes were exposed to the ionophore to induce Ca^(2+)influx,simulating physiological calcium oscillations essential for oocyte activation.The efficacy of intervention was evaluated through subsequent embryonic development,morphological grading,and chromosomal integrity.Outcomes:Following AOA treatment,successful oocyte activation occurred,resulting in the formation of high-grade embryos with normal developmental progression.Chromosomal analysis revealed no detectable abnormalities,indicating genomic stability.Lessons:Calcium ionophore–mediated AOA may serve as an effective adjunct in cases of recurrent ICSI failure attributed to OAD.This case highlights the importance of individualized therapeutic strategies in assisted reproduction;however,further research is needed to refine protocols,validate broader clinical efficacy,and assess long-term safety,including potential epigenetic risks.展开更多
悦读·明其义.An endless journey:The eternal quest for science.无尽的征程:科学的永恒探索.Science represents humanity's most organized attempt to comprehend the mysteries of our universe,which is built upon the ...悦读·明其义.An endless journey:The eternal quest for science.无尽的征程:科学的永恒探索.Science represents humanity's most organized attempt to comprehend the mysteries of our universe,which is built upon the work of countless gifted individuals.Many renowned researchers began their careers as laboratory assistants before becoming outstanding experts in charge of major scientific initiatives that shape our modern world.展开更多
Titanium alloy has the advantages of high strength,strong corrosion resistance,excellent high and low temperature mechanical properties,etc.,and is widely used in aerospace,shipbuilding,weapons and equipment,and other...Titanium alloy has the advantages of high strength,strong corrosion resistance,excellent high and low temperature mechanical properties,etc.,and is widely used in aerospace,shipbuilding,weapons and equipment,and other fields.In recent years,with the continuous increase in demand for medium-thick plate titanium alloys,corresponding welding technologies have also continued to develop.Therefore,this article reviews the research progress of deep penetration welding technology for medium-thick plate titanium alloys,mainly covering traditional arc welding,high-energy beam welding,and other welding technologies.Among many methods,narrow gap welding,hybrid welding,and external energy field assistance welding all contribute to improving the welding efficiency and quality of medium-thick plate titanium alloys.Finally,the development trend of deep penetration welding technology for mediumthick plate titanium alloys is prospected.展开更多
In recent years,railway construction in China has developed vigorously.With continuous improvements in the highspeed railway network,the focus is gradually shifting from large-scale construction to large-scale operati...In recent years,railway construction in China has developed vigorously.With continuous improvements in the highspeed railway network,the focus is gradually shifting from large-scale construction to large-scale operations.However,several challenges have emerged within the high-speed railway dispatching and command system,including the heavy workload faced by dispatchers,the difficulty of quantifying subjective expertise,and the need for effective training of professionals.Amid the growing application of artificial intelligence technologies in railway systems,this study leverages Large Language Model(LLM)technology.LLMs bring enhanced intelligence,predictive capabilities,robust memory,and adaptability to diverse real-world scenarios.This study proposes a human-computer interactive intelligent scheduling auxiliary training system built on LLM technology.The system offers capabilities including natural dialogue,knowledge reasoning,and human feedback learning.With broad applicability,the system is suitable for vocational education,guided inquiry,knowledge-based Q&A,and other training scenarios.Validation results demonstrate its effectiveness in auxiliary training,providing substantial support for educators,students,and dispatching personnel in colleges and professional settings.展开更多
文摘Background:Work engagement(WE)is critical to quality primary healthcare delivery.However,limited research has explored its levels and determinants among healthcare professionals in low-and middle-income countries.This study assessed the levels and correlates of work engagement among physician assistants(PAs)in Ghana.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 439 PAs from October to December 2024.Participants were recruited via emails,social media platforms,and posters featuring study links and scannable questionnaire codes.WE was measured using the validated Utrecht Work Engagement Scale questionnaire.Results:Overall,WE levels were average,with similar trends across the three subdomains.In the bootstrapped multivariate linear regression model,anxiety was negatively associated with WE(β=-0.49,95%confidence interval[CI]:-0.77 to-0.21).Conversely,working in an urban area(β=0.36,95%CI:0.05 to 0.67),holding the rank of PA/Senior PA(β=0.27,95%CI:0.03 to 0.52),reporting good self-rated health(β=0.54,95%CI:0.19 to 0.88),and working at health centers(β=0.86,95%CI:0.22 to 1.50)were positively associated with WElevels.Conclusion:WE levels are average in the study sample,highlighting the need for strategic interventions to improve and sustain the healthcare workforce's motivation and performance.Addressing workplace stressors,enhancing professional development opportunities,and fostering supportive work environments could improve engagement among PAs and healthcare professionals in general.Strengthening WE is essential for ensuring resilient quality primary healthcare systems and achieving the goals of universal health coverage.
文摘Background:This study evaluates the ability of mobile AI voice assistants(AI-VAs)to provide accurate medical advice for early knee osteoarthritis(KOA)and compares their performance with conventional web searches and human clinicians.Methods:From September to October 2024,two AI-VAs(Apple’s Siri and Huawei’s Xiaoyi)were tested on 15 KOA-related questions in Chinese and English.The assessment focused on the accuracy of voice recognition,response capabilities,and medical advice.Siri was further tested in four international regions(USA,UK,Germany,Hong Kong)using localized languages.Results:In Chinese-language tests,Siri and Xiaoyi showed comparable voice recognition(recognition accuracy:95.6%vs.93.3%)and response ability(speech response:88.9%vs.85.7%).However,Siri provided significantly more accurate medical advice(medical advice:95.6%vs.53.3%;Z=2.762,P<0.001).External validation via Global Quality Score further confirmed Siri’s superiority(mean Global Quality Score=4.0 vs.Xiaoai=0.9).Siri outperformed Xiaoyi in English-language tests(53.3%vs.0%).While Siri’s medical advice accuracy(95.6%)surpassed non-specialist clinicians(Z=2.685,P=0.007),it primarily reflects filtered search results(Baidu/Google)rather than clinical synthesis.Claims of equivalence to junior surgeons(98.2%)must be interpreted cautiously,as AI-VAs lack diagnostic reasoning capabilities.This distinction is critical to avoid overstating their role in clinical decision-making.Conclusion:Current AI-VAs offer limited value in providing precise medical advice for KOA,primarily serving as intermediaries for web search results.Their performance varies across languages,regions,and search engines.
文摘This study analyzed how impressions are formed online depending on the type of social media and the implications that may come from the over-disclosure of information. Using a Qualtrics survey, 97 participants viewed the profile of a female teaching assistant on Twitter and Facebook. While there was little difference between the two social media, the use of self-disclosure on Twitter seemed slightly more inappropriate for sharing personal information.
基金supported by the Chinese National Science Funding Council (No. 20807002, 20307006)the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2011CB503801)
文摘To investigate the levels of exposure to particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH） and to estimate the risk these levels pose to traffic assistants （TAs） in Tianjin （a rnegacity in North China）, a measurement campaign （33 all-day exposure samples, 25 occupational-exposure samples and 10 indoor samples） was conducted to characterize the TAs＇ exposure to PAHs, assess the cancer risk and identify the potential sources of exposure. The average total exposure concentration of 14 PAHs was approximately 2871 ＋ 928 ng/rn3 （on-duty）, and 1622 ＋ 457 ng/m3 （all-day）. The indoor PAHs level was 1257 ＋ 107 ng/m3. After 8000 Monte Carlo simulations, the cancer risk resulting from exposure to PAHs was found to be approximately 1.05 x 10-4. A multivariate analysis was applied to identify the potential sources, and the results showed that, in addition to vehicle exhaust, coal combustion and cooking fumes were also another two important contributors to personal PAH exposure. The diagnostic ratios of PAH compounds agree with the source apportionment results derived from principal component analysis.
文摘Many language instructors in colleges and universities around the world have teaching assistants to help them with the teaching. Since 1968, the Fulbright Foreign Language Teaching Assistant （FLTA） program has aimed to strengthen foreign language instruction at U.S. educational institutions by establishing a native speaker presence. As one of the first group of Fulbright Chinese Language Assistants, the author worked at the College of Wooster in the United States from August, 2005 to May, 2006. At the beginning of the paper, the author gave a brief introduction of Fulbright FLTA program. Then the author described five cultural activities that Fulbright FLTAs could employ in foreign language learners＇ learning process： giving presentations, teaching songs, watching movies, organizing free tea or coffee breaks, and holding free talks. The following section discussed two phenomena that FLTAs should avoid, that is, ethnocentrism and cultural stereotyping. The author pointed out in the conclusion that Fulbright language assistants should make efforts to be qualified cultural ambassadors.
文摘This article examines the implementation of a virtual health assistant powered by Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and GPT-4, aimed at enhancing clinical support through personalized, real-time interactions with patients. The system is hypothesized to improve healthcare accessibility, operational efficiency, and patient outcomes by automating routine tasks and delivering accurate health information. The assistant leverages natural language processing and real-time data retrieval models to respond to patient inquiries, schedule appointments, provide medication reminders, assist with symptom triage, and answer insurance-related questions. By integrating RAG-based virtual care, the system reduces the burden on healthcare specialists and helps mitigate healthcare disparities, particularly in rural areas where traditional care is limited. Although the initial scope of testing did not validate all potential benefits, the results demonstrated high patient satisfaction and strong response accuracy, both critical for systems of this nature. These findings underscore the transformative potential of AI-driven virtual health assistants in enhancing patient engagement, streamlining operational workflows, and improving healthcare accessibility, ultimately contributing to better outcomes and more cost-effective care delivery.
文摘Whether you leave business school to become a corporate manager, a professional high performer or an entrepreneur, you will spend much of your time on tasks unrelated to your expertise. Only the most senior executives now have dedicated personal assistants and so the more mundane work of emails.
文摘This paper attempts to approach the interface of a robot from the perspective of virtual assistants.Virtual assistants can also be characterized as the mind of a robot,since they manage communication and action with the rest of the world they exist in.Therefore,virtual assistants can also be described as the brain of a robot and they include a Natural Language Processing(NLP)module for conducting communication in their human-robot interface.This work is focused on inquiring and enhancing the capabilities of this module.The problem is that nothing much is revealed about the nature of the human-robot interface of commercial virtual assistants.Therefore,any new attempt of developing such a capability has to start from scratch.Accordingly,to include corresponding capabilities to a developing NLP system of a virtual assistant,a method of systemic semantic modelling is proposed and applied.For this purpose,the paper briefly reviews the evolution of virtual assistants from the first assistant,in the form of a game,to the latest assistant that has significantly elevated their standards.Then there is a reference to the evolution of their services and their continued offerings,as well as future expectations.The paper presents their structure and the technologies used,according to the data provided by the development companies to the public,while an attempt is made to classify virtual assistants,based on their characteristics and capabilities.Consequently,a robotic NLP interface is being developed,based on the communicative power of a proposed systemic conceptual model that may enhance the NLP capabilities of virtual assistants,being tested through a small natural language dictionary in Greek.
基金supported by the Wuhan University Center for Digital and Intelligent Education Research and the Major Project on Teaching Reform in Higher Education of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.23BZO90).
文摘The rapid advancement of AI technology has significantly impacted higher education,presenting both opportunities and challenges for teaching and learning.Although students can benefit from AI,many remain unaware of its potential utility.Moreover,concerns regarding the accuracy and reliability of AI complicate its proper use.This study incorporated an AI teaching assistant,called Blueink,into a biochemistry course at a medical university in China.The researchers assessed the alterations in individuals’knowledge,AI use,and critical thinking skills by conducting a review before and after the training.This was done to furnish valuable information for academics and specialists.The findings presented that the participating college students perceived AI as increasingly essential for contemporary learning and excelled at discovering significant facts using AI techniques.However,their confidence in AI responses and their habits and preferences for posing inquiries remained unchanged after the training.The study indicates that AI tools not only enhance students’skill acquisition but require greater clarity and proficiency.Collaborating with diverse specialists can yield superior AI tools for education.
文摘BACKGROUND:Hemiplegia,a prevalent stroke-related condition,is often studied for motor dysfunction;however,spasticity remains under-researched.Abnormal muscle tone significantly hinders hemiplegic patients’walking recovery.OBJECTIVE:To determine whether early suspension-protected training with a personal assistant machine for stroke patients enhances walking ability and prevents muscle spasms.METHODS:Thirty-two early-stage stroke patients from Shenzhen University General Hospital and the China Rehabilitation Research Center were randomly assigned to the experimental group(n=16)and the control group(n=16).Both groups underwent 4 weeks of gait training under the suspension protection system for 30 minutes daily,5 days a week.The experimental group used the personal assistant machine during training.Three-dimensional gait analysis(using the Cortex motion capture system),Brunnstrom staging,Fugl-Meyer Assessment for lower limb motor function,Fugl-Meyer balance function,and the modified Ashworth Scale were evaluated within 1 week before the intervention and after 4 weeks of intervention.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After the 4-week intervention,all outcome measures showed significant changes in each group.The experimental group had a small but significant increase in the modified Ashworth Scale score(P<0.05,d=|0.15|),while the control group had a large significant increase(P<0.05,d=|1.48|).The experimental group demonstrated greater improvements in walking speed(16.5 to 38.44 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|4.01|),step frequency(46.44 to 64.94 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|2.32|),stride length(15.50 to 29.81 cm,P<0.05,d=|3.44|),and peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.82|to|2.17|).After treatment,the experimental group showed significantly greater improvements than the control group in walking speed(38.44 vs.26.63 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|2.75|),stride length,peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.31|to|1.45|),step frequency(64.94 vs.59.38 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|0.85|),and a reduced support phase(bilateral:24.31%vs.28.38%,P<0.05,d=|0.88|;non-paretic:66.19%vs.70.13%,P<0.05,d=|0.94|).For early hemiplegia,personal assistant machine-assisted gait training under the suspension protection system helps establish a correct gait pattern,prevents muscle spasms,and improves motor function.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52025055 and 52275571)Basic Research Operation Fund of China(No.xzy012024024).
文摘Tilted metasurface nanostructures,with excellent physical properties and enormous application potential,pose an urgent need for manufacturing methods.Here,electric-field-driven generative-nanoimprinting technique is proposed.The electric field applied between the template and the substrate drives the contact,tilting,filling,and holding processes.By accurately controlling the introduced included angle between the flexible template and the substrate,tilted nanostructures with a controllable angle are imprinted onto the substrate,although they are vertical on the template.By flexibly adjusting the electric field intensity and the included angle,large-area uniform-tilted,gradient-tilted,and high-angle-tilted nanostructures are fabricated.In contrast to traditional replication,the morphology of the nanoimprinting structure is extended to customized control.This work provides a cost-effective,efficient,and versatile technology for the fabrication of various large-area tilted metasurface structures.As an illustration,a tilted nanograting with a high coupling efficiency is fabricated and integrated into augmented reality displays,demonstrating superior imaging quality.
文摘Rationale:This case report describes a couple with recurrent fertilization failure despite undergoing multiple cycles of intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).The principal clinical concern was suspected oocyte activation deficiency(OAD),in which fertilization is impeded due to the oocyte’s inability to initiate embryogenesis,commonly attributed to inadequate intracellular calcium(Ca^(2+))release following sperm injection.Patient concerns:The couple repeatedly experienced complete or near-complete fertilization failure in previous ICSI cycles,raising suspicion of an underlying oocyte activation defect.Diagnosis:Based on the repeated absence of fertilization post-ICSI and clinical history,a diagnosis of suspected OAD leading to recurrent ICSI fertilization failure was considered.Interventions:Artificial oocyte activation(AOA)using the calcium ionophore A23187 was performed.After ICSI,unfertilized oocytes were exposed to the ionophore to induce Ca^(2+)influx,simulating physiological calcium oscillations essential for oocyte activation.The efficacy of intervention was evaluated through subsequent embryonic development,morphological grading,and chromosomal integrity.Outcomes:Following AOA treatment,successful oocyte activation occurred,resulting in the formation of high-grade embryos with normal developmental progression.Chromosomal analysis revealed no detectable abnormalities,indicating genomic stability.Lessons:Calcium ionophore–mediated AOA may serve as an effective adjunct in cases of recurrent ICSI failure attributed to OAD.This case highlights the importance of individualized therapeutic strategies in assisted reproduction;however,further research is needed to refine protocols,validate broader clinical efficacy,and assess long-term safety,including potential epigenetic risks.
文摘悦读·明其义.An endless journey:The eternal quest for science.无尽的征程:科学的永恒探索.Science represents humanity's most organized attempt to comprehend the mysteries of our universe,which is built upon the work of countless gifted individuals.Many renowned researchers began their careers as laboratory assistants before becoming outstanding experts in charge of major scientific initiatives that shape our modern world.
基金financially supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Ningbo(Grant No.2023Z098)Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(Grant No.2023MS05040)+1 种基金Shenyang Collaborative Innovation Center Project for Multiple Energy Fields Composite Processing of Special Materials(Grant No.JG210027)Shenyang Key Technology Special Project of The Open Competition Mechanism to Select the Best Solution(Grant Nos.2022210101000827,2022-0-43-048).
文摘Titanium alloy has the advantages of high strength,strong corrosion resistance,excellent high and low temperature mechanical properties,etc.,and is widely used in aerospace,shipbuilding,weapons and equipment,and other fields.In recent years,with the continuous increase in demand for medium-thick plate titanium alloys,corresponding welding technologies have also continued to develop.Therefore,this article reviews the research progress of deep penetration welding technology for medium-thick plate titanium alloys,mainly covering traditional arc welding,high-energy beam welding,and other welding technologies.Among many methods,narrow gap welding,hybrid welding,and external energy field assistance welding all contribute to improving the welding efficiency and quality of medium-thick plate titanium alloys.Finally,the development trend of deep penetration welding technology for mediumthick plate titanium alloys is prospected.
基金the Talent Fund of Beijing Jiaotong University(Grant No.2024XKRC055).
文摘In recent years,railway construction in China has developed vigorously.With continuous improvements in the highspeed railway network,the focus is gradually shifting from large-scale construction to large-scale operations.However,several challenges have emerged within the high-speed railway dispatching and command system,including the heavy workload faced by dispatchers,the difficulty of quantifying subjective expertise,and the need for effective training of professionals.Amid the growing application of artificial intelligence technologies in railway systems,this study leverages Large Language Model(LLM)technology.LLMs bring enhanced intelligence,predictive capabilities,robust memory,and adaptability to diverse real-world scenarios.This study proposes a human-computer interactive intelligent scheduling auxiliary training system built on LLM technology.The system offers capabilities including natural dialogue,knowledge reasoning,and human feedback learning.With broad applicability,the system is suitable for vocational education,guided inquiry,knowledge-based Q&A,and other training scenarios.Validation results demonstrate its effectiveness in auxiliary training,providing substantial support for educators,students,and dispatching personnel in colleges and professional settings.
