大型底栖动物是河流健康评价中最常用的生物类群,鉴于在大区域/流域进行大量生物样品采集与生物评价时需要消耗大量的野外调查时间、实验室内鉴定时间等时间成本的问题,基于浑太河流域98个采样点的大型底栖动物数据(如物种、丰度、敏感...大型底栖动物是河流健康评价中最常用的生物类群,鉴于在大区域/流域进行大量生物样品采集与生物评价时需要消耗大量的野外调查时间、实验室内鉴定时间等时间成本的问题,基于浑太河流域98个采样点的大型底栖动物数据(如物种、丰度、敏感值等)和环境因子〔ρ(COD_(Mn))、ρ(NH_3-N)、ρ(TN)、EC(电导率)等〕,选择比较常用的5种大型底栖动物快速生物评价指数〔SIGNAL指数(stream invertebrate grade number-average level)、EPT-Fa指数(Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera,Trichoptera)、BMWP指数(biological monitoring working party)、ASPT指数(average score per taxon)和BP指数(Berger-Parker index)〕和1项生物完整性指数(benthic index of biotic integrity,B-IBI)进行比较.通过Spearman秩相关性分析、主成分分析、线性拟合回归分析等方法比较6种生物评价指数的相关性,构建水环境污染梯度,识别出主要的水环境影响因子,并探讨5种大型底栖动物快速生物评价指数对主要水环境影响因子指示程度的差异性.结果表明:15种快速生物评价指数以及B-IBI指数之间均呈两两显著相关(|R|为0.35~0.94,P<0.01),说明它们在评估河流健康状况时具有较高的一致性.2主成分分析结果显示,轴1的解释率为59.14%,可以有效表征主要的压力梯度,并且5种快速生物评价指数与轴1的线性拟合度均较高(R^2为0.23~0.31,P<0.01).3各快速生物评价指数与不同水质指标的线性拟合结果差异性较高,其中BMWP、EPT-Fa、SIGNAL和ASPT指数对ρ(CODMn)的线性拟合度均较高,BMWP指数对ρ(CODMn)(R^2=0.47,P<0.01)、ρ(NH3-N)(R2=0.31,P<0.01)、ρ(TN)(R2=0.27,P<0.01)的线性拟合度较高,BP指数对ρ(BOD5)(R^2=0.22,P<0.01)、EC(R^2=0.24,P<0.01)的线性拟合度较高.4BMWP指数与B-IBI指数的相关性最为显著,并且二者对水质健康评价的结果最为接近;在浑太河流域河流水质状况评估中,BMWP指数应当作为首选快速生物评价指数.展开更多
Heterosis has significantly improved crop yields,yet hybrid seed production remains hindered by laborintensive manual emasculation.Although current male-sterility systems,such as cytoplasmic male sterility and environ...Heterosis has significantly improved crop yields,yet hybrid seed production remains hindered by laborintensive manual emasculation.Although current male-sterility systems,such as cytoplasmic male sterility and environment-sensitive genic male sterility,have improved the efficiency of hybrid seed production,their limited genetic adaptability and high environmental dependence remain major challenges.Here,we report an all-in-one seed production technology(ASPT)that integrates CRISPR-Cas9,RUBY,and key seed production technology(SPT)components into a single vector,enabling efficient generation and propagation of malesterile lines in both maize and rice.The engineered RUBY marker enables visual identification of malesterile and maintainer lines,with an accuracy of 99.81%in automated seed sorting and 100%in secondary field screening.Notably,ASPT was successfully introduced into 21 genetically diverse elite maize inbred lines,demonstrating broad compatibility.ASPT enables scalable and precise propagation of male-sterile lines in both maize and rice,providing a broadly applicable strategy to advance hybrid seed production in crops.展开更多
文摘大型底栖动物是河流健康评价中最常用的生物类群,鉴于在大区域/流域进行大量生物样品采集与生物评价时需要消耗大量的野外调查时间、实验室内鉴定时间等时间成本的问题,基于浑太河流域98个采样点的大型底栖动物数据(如物种、丰度、敏感值等)和环境因子〔ρ(COD_(Mn))、ρ(NH_3-N)、ρ(TN)、EC(电导率)等〕,选择比较常用的5种大型底栖动物快速生物评价指数〔SIGNAL指数(stream invertebrate grade number-average level)、EPT-Fa指数(Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera,Trichoptera)、BMWP指数(biological monitoring working party)、ASPT指数(average score per taxon)和BP指数(Berger-Parker index)〕和1项生物完整性指数(benthic index of biotic integrity,B-IBI)进行比较.通过Spearman秩相关性分析、主成分分析、线性拟合回归分析等方法比较6种生物评价指数的相关性,构建水环境污染梯度,识别出主要的水环境影响因子,并探讨5种大型底栖动物快速生物评价指数对主要水环境影响因子指示程度的差异性.结果表明:15种快速生物评价指数以及B-IBI指数之间均呈两两显著相关(|R|为0.35~0.94,P<0.01),说明它们在评估河流健康状况时具有较高的一致性.2主成分分析结果显示,轴1的解释率为59.14%,可以有效表征主要的压力梯度,并且5种快速生物评价指数与轴1的线性拟合度均较高(R^2为0.23~0.31,P<0.01).3各快速生物评价指数与不同水质指标的线性拟合结果差异性较高,其中BMWP、EPT-Fa、SIGNAL和ASPT指数对ρ(CODMn)的线性拟合度均较高,BMWP指数对ρ(CODMn)(R^2=0.47,P<0.01)、ρ(NH3-N)(R2=0.31,P<0.01)、ρ(TN)(R2=0.27,P<0.01)的线性拟合度较高,BP指数对ρ(BOD5)(R^2=0.22,P<0.01)、EC(R^2=0.24,P<0.01)的线性拟合度较高.4BMWP指数与B-IBI指数的相关性最为显著,并且二者对水质健康评价的结果最为接近;在浑太河流域河流水质状况评估中,BMWP指数应当作为首选快速生物评价指数.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201836)the China Agricultural Research System(CARS-0205)+4 种基金the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund(2025TC149)the Beijing Nova Program(20240484587)the Science and Technology Talent and Platform Program,Expert Workstation of Shaojiang Chen,Yunnan-Province(202305AF150026)the Hohhot City Science and Technology Innovation Talent Project(2023RC-United Project-8)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University.
文摘Heterosis has significantly improved crop yields,yet hybrid seed production remains hindered by laborintensive manual emasculation.Although current male-sterility systems,such as cytoplasmic male sterility and environment-sensitive genic male sterility,have improved the efficiency of hybrid seed production,their limited genetic adaptability and high environmental dependence remain major challenges.Here,we report an all-in-one seed production technology(ASPT)that integrates CRISPR-Cas9,RUBY,and key seed production technology(SPT)components into a single vector,enabling efficient generation and propagation of malesterile lines in both maize and rice.The engineered RUBY marker enables visual identification of malesterile and maintainer lines,with an accuracy of 99.81%in automated seed sorting and 100%in secondary field screening.Notably,ASPT was successfully introduced into 21 genetically diverse elite maize inbred lines,demonstrating broad compatibility.ASPT enables scalable and precise propagation of male-sterile lines in both maize and rice,providing a broadly applicable strategy to advance hybrid seed production in crops.
