Artemisia argyi(A.argyi)is a Chinese herbal medicine with reported anti-inflammatory effects.In this study,the A.argyi was extracted with water and ethanol,and the concentrations of 35 flavonoids in A.argyi water extr...Artemisia argyi(A.argyi)is a Chinese herbal medicine with reported anti-inflammatory effects.In this study,the A.argyi was extracted with water and ethanol,and the concentrations of 35 flavonoids in A.argyi water extract(WE)and ethanol extract(EE)were measured via targeted metabolomics.The antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities of both WE and EE were firstly explored in vitro via chemical assays and cellular experiment,respectively.Both WE and EE showed significant 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS),·OH,and O_(2)·radical scavenging ability in a dose-dependent manner,and reduced the levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-22(IL-22)in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced RAW264.7 cell model.In addition,the in vivo anti-colitis activity of both extracts was investigated in dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis mice,and the underlying mechanisms were elucidated by 16S r DNA sequencing and targeted metabolomics.We found that both WE and EE relieved colitis in mice,characterized by decreased disease activity index,increased colon length,improved pathological changes in colon tissue,while EE showed better anti-colitis activity.In addition,both 16S r DNA sequencing and targeted bile acids metabolomics indicated EE modulated gut microbiota and specifically increased the abundance of lithocholic acid(LCA),which might contribute to intestinal barrier function improvement via up-regulating the expression of colonic farnesoid X receptor(FXR).In summary,this study identified the anti-colitis mechanism of A.argyi EE by modulating gut microbiota,facilitating the production of LCA,activating FXR and improving intestinal barrier function.展开更多
Artemisia annua L.is a medicinal herb with multiple therapeutic applications,whereas its antiinfluenza A virus(IAV)efficiency and mechanism of action are still unclear.Here,we investigated the inhibition activity and ...Artemisia annua L.is a medicinal herb with multiple therapeutic applications,whereas its antiinfluenza A virus(IAV)efficiency and mechanism of action are still unclear.Here,we investigated the inhibition activity and mechanism of A.annua leaf methanol extracts(AALME)against IAV in vitro and in vivo.Our results revealed that AALME exhibits potent anti-IAV activity by interacting with IAV particles.Mechanistically,AALME directly targets the IAV nucleoprotein(NP)protein and abolishes the nuclear import of IAV NP.AALME profoundly suppresses IAV-induced mitochondrial apoptosis via suppressing ROS-mediated AIF-dependent pathways.More importantly,we found that AALME plays a crucial role in protecting mice from IAV infection and mitigating IAV pathogenicity.This current work provides mechanistic insight into the mechanism by which AALME controls IAV infection in vitro and in vivo,potentially contributing to the development of antiviral treatments for IAV infection.展开更多
Two novel skeleton sesquiterpenoids(1 and 6),along with four new iphionane-type sesquiterpenes(2−5)and six new cyperane-type sesquiterpenes(7−11),were isolated from the whole plant of Artemisia hedinii(A.hedinii).The ...Two novel skeleton sesquiterpenoids(1 and 6),along with four new iphionane-type sesquiterpenes(2−5)and six new cyperane-type sesquiterpenes(7−11),were isolated from the whole plant of Artemisia hedinii(A.hedinii).The two novel skeleton compounds(1 and 6)were derived from the decarbonization of iphionane and cyperane-type sesquiterpenes,respectively.Their structures were elucidated through a comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data,including high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(HR-ESI-MS)and 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectra.The absolute configurations were determined using electronic circular dichroism(ECD)spectra,single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analyses,time-dependent density functional theory(TDDFT)ECD calculation,density functional theory(DFT)NMR calculations,and biomimetic syntheses.The biomimetic syntheses of the two novel skeletons(1 and 6)were inspired by potential biogenetic pathways,utilizing a predominant eudesmane-type sesquiterpene(A)in A.hedinii as the substrate.All compounds were evaluated in LX-2 cells for their anti-hepatic fibrosis activity.Compounds 2,8,and 10 exhibited significant activity in downregulating the expression ofα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),a protein involved in hepatic fibrosis.展开更多
Salmonellosis represents a global epidemic,and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant(XDR)Salmonella and its sustained transmission worldwide constitutes a significant public health concern.Flagellum-mediated mot...Salmonellosis represents a global epidemic,and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant(XDR)Salmonella and its sustained transmission worldwide constitutes a significant public health concern.Flagellum-mediated motility serves as a crucial virulence trait of Salmonella that guides the pathogen toward the epithelial surface,enhancing gut colonization.Artemisia argyit essential oil,a traditional herb extract,demonstrates efficacy in treating inflammationrelated symptoms and diseases;however,its effects on flagellum assembly and expression mechanisms in anti-Salmonella activity remain inadequately explored.This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which Artemisia argyit essential oil addresses Salmonella infections.Network pharmacological analysis revealed that Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)Artemisia argyit exhibited anti-Salmonella infection potential and inhibited flagellum-dependent motility.The application of Artemisia argyit essential oil induced notable motility defects through the downregulation of flagellar and fimbriae expression.Moreover,it significantly reduced Salmonella-infected cell damage by interfering with flagellum-mediated Salmonella colonization.In vivo studies demonstrated that Artemisia argyit essential oil administration effectively alleviated Salmonella infection symptoms by reducing bacterial loads,inhibiting interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β),IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)production,and diminishing pathological injury.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis identified forty-three compounds in Artemisia argyit essential oil,with their corresponding targets and active ingredients predicted.Investigation of an in vivo model of Salmonella infection using the active ingredient demonstrated that alpha-cedrene ameliorated Salmonella infection.These findings suggest the potential application of Artemisia argyit essential oil in controlling Salmonella,the predominant food-borne pathogen.展开更多
Artemisia dracunculus L.,or tarragon,is a perennial herb from the Asteraceae family that is extensively cultivated for its aromatic leaves,which are valued for its preventative and therapeutic properties in both cooke...Artemisia dracunculus L.,or tarragon,is a perennial herb from the Asteraceae family that is extensively cultivated for its aromatic leaves,which are valued for its preventative and therapeutic properties in both cookery and traditional medicine.This study aims to investigate the antibacterial,antioxidant,and anti-inflammatory properties of A.dracunculus(tarragon)essential oil(ADEO),with estragole(57.23%)identified as the major compound through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis.ADEO exhibited varying degrees of antibacterial activity,with Escherichia coli showing higher resistance inhibition zone(IZ)=14.7±0.58 mm,minimum (inhibitory concentration(MIC)=2%and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)=4%),while Bacillus subtilis(IZ=24.05±2.11 mm and MIC=MBC=0.125%)and Staphylococcus aureus(IZ=18.69±1.45 mm,MIC=0.0612%and MBC=0.125%)were more sensitive to its actions.Antioxidant ability was assessed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil(DPPH),2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS),xanthine oxidase inhibition,and beta-carotene bleaching assays.ADEO showed remarkable antiradical effect on DPPH(IC_(50)=127.05±3.47μg/mL)and ABTS radical(IC_(50)=89.60±8.73μg/mL)as well as significant inhibition of xanthine oxidase(IC_(50)=47.9±2.04μg/mL)and lipid peroxidation(IC_(50)=231.63±5.21μg/mL).ADEO also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the enzymesCOX-1(IC_(50)=59.2±2.43μg/mL),Cyclo-oxygenase-2(COX-2)(IC_(50)=74.68±1.34μg/mL)and 5-lipooxygense(5-LOX)(IC_(50)=93.18±1.87μg/mL),which are involved in the inflammatory pathway.These findings suggest that ADEO,with its high estragole content,holds promising potential as a natural antibacterial,antioxidant,and anti-inflammatory agent for preventive and therapeutic applications.Further research is needed to explore its safety and efficacy in clinical settings.展开更多
Objectives This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the increased artemisinin content and enhanced density of glandular secretory trichomes(GSTs)in the HAN1(Hainan)haplotype of Artemisia annua...Objectives This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the increased artemisinin content and enhanced density of glandular secretory trichomes(GSTs)in the HAN1(Hainan)haplotype of Artemisia annua.Methods Employing genetic and phylogenetic analyses,we identified AaCOI1 genes genome-wide,compared plant height,artemisinin content,and GST density in HAN1 and LN(Liaoning)haplotypes,elucidated their evolution and structural features,and analyzed expression of AaCOI1 and associated genes.Results Compared to LN,HAN1 exhibited significantly greater plant height,higher artemisinin content,and increased GST density.Orthologous gene analysis identified 17,724 core genes,21,608 dispensable genes,and 1,645 private genes.Functional identification revealed that private genes in HAN1 were enriched in functions related to insect response,whereas those in shandong were associated with cell growth and differentiation.Pronounced divergence between HAN1 and LQ9(Shandong)was observed in AaCOI1 gene sequence homology,exon-intron structure,motif composition,and cis-regulatory elements.Furthermore,HAN1 showed marked upregulation of AaCOI1 genes and key artemisinin biosynthetic regulators,along with downregulation of jasmonic acid(JA)signaling repressors.Conclusions This study shows AaCOI1 genes are multi-copy.Haplotype analysis reveals population variation in artemisinin regulation and links haplotypic divergence to differential JA response.These findings address critical knowledge gaps,offer molecular breeding targets,and promote a shift toward systems biology.The molecular mechanisms for elevated artemisinin and GST density in HAN1 were revealed.Structural variations upregulate AaCOI1 genes,promoting interaction with JA signaling components like jasmonate ZIM-domain repressors(JAZs),similar to glycogen synthase kinase,cullin-1,and cullin-2.This suppresses JA repressors,activates the pathway,and upregulates genes for artemisinin biosynthesis and GST development,enhancing both traits.These results confirm that elevated expression of AaCOI1 genes boosts artemisinin biosynthesis.展开更多
but its application is constrained by hepatotoxicity.This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of reducing AAEO’s toxicity through storage and to evaluate changes in chemical composition,toxicity,and bioactivit...but its application is constrained by hepatotoxicity.This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of reducing AAEO’s toxicity through storage and to evaluate changes in chemical composition,toxicity,and bioactivity.Methods:Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze compositional changes during storage.Zebrafish acute toxicity tests and the liver-specific transgenic zebrafish model Tg(fabp10:EGFP)were used to assess toxicity.Antimicrobial,analgesic,and antioxidant assays evaluated variations in bioactivity.Results:Over the 150-day storage period,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified 39 components.Zebrafish acute toxicity tests showed that the LD50 of AAEO stored for 0,30,60,90,120,and 150 days were 0.10μL·mL^(-1),0.10μL·mL^(-1),0.10μL·mL^(-1),0.11μL·mL^(-1),0.13μL·mL^(-1),and 0.14μL·mL^(-1),respectively,demonstrating a 40%reduction in acute toxicity after 150 days of storage.Using the liver-specific green fluorescent transgenic Tg(fabp10:EGFP)zebrafish model,the inhibition rates of AAEO on hepatic fluorescence intensity were measured at 68.5%,43.5%,42.6%,37.8%,34.6%,and 31.9% at different time points,confirming reduced hepatotoxicity after storage.Additionally,the antioxidant and analgesic activities of AAEO were significantly enhanced(p<0.05)after storage,while the antibacterial activity decreased(p<0.05).Conclusions:After storage,AAEO significantly reduces hepatotoxicity,with a 40% decrease in acute toxicity after 150 days.Meanwhile,the antioxidant and analgesic activities of AAEO increase,while its antibacterial activity decreases after storage.展开更多
Fourteen known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia anomala and identified as follows： zhepiresinol （1）, （-）-lariciresinol （2）, ficusal （3）, medioresinol （4）, （＋）-syringaresinol （5...Fourteen known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia anomala and identified as follows： zhepiresinol （1）, （-）-lariciresinol （2）, ficusal （3）, medioresinol （4）, （＋）-syringaresinol （5）, 1β,2β-epoxy-3β,4α,10α-trihydroxyguaian- 6α,12-olide （6）, 5β,10α-dihydroxy-1α/-dehydroleucodin （7）, 3α-chloro-8α-acetoxy-4β,10α-dihydroxy-1β,2β-epoxy-5α,7αHguai- 11 （13）-en- 12,6α-olide （8）, 13-O-desacetyleudesma-afraglaucolide （9）, 1,10-seco-4ξ-hydroxy-muurol-5-ene- 1,10-diketone （10）, 1α-hydroxyafraglaucolide（11）, aurantiamide （12）, indole-3-aldehyde （13）, loliolide （14）. All these compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time and compounds 1-4, 8, 10, 13 were obtained from genus Artemisia for the first time.展开更多
Nine lignans were isolated and purified by silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, preparative HPLC and recrystallization from the aerial parts ofArtemisia absinthium L., and identified as follows： d...Nine lignans were isolated and purified by silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, preparative HPLC and recrystallization from the aerial parts ofArtemisia absinthium L., and identified as follows： diayangambin （1）, sesartemin （2）, epiyangambin （3）, （＋）arborone （4）, （-）syringaresinol （5）, epiashchantin （6）, caruilignan C （7）, 7β-caruilignan C （8）, yangambin （9）. Compounds 4, 5, 7, 8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.展开更多
The artemisinin accumulation in the hairy root cultures of Artemisia annua L. was enhanced via a treatment of three fungal elicitors separately ( Verticillium dahliae Kleb., Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb. ex ...The artemisinin accumulation in the hairy root cultures of Artemisia annua L. was enhanced via a treatment of three fungal elicitors separately ( Verticillium dahliae Kleb., Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb. ex Fr.) Vuill and Colletotrichum dematium (Pers.) Grove). Among these three elicitors, V. dahliae had the highest inducing efficiency, but none of them manifests any noticeable effects on the cell growth of the hairy root cultures. The artemisinin content of the hairy root cultures treated with V. dahliae elicitor was 1.12 mg/g DW, which was 45% higher than the control (0.77 mg/g DW). The results showed that elicitation was dependent on the elicitor concentration, the incubation period and the physiological stage at which the hairy root cultures were treated. In addition, the authors found that for V. dahliae , the optimum concentration was 0.4 mg carbohydrate per millilitre medium, the strongest response of A. annua hairy root cultures to the elicitation was at the late exponential growth stage, and the highest artemisinin content of the hairy root cultures was on the 4th day post treatment.展开更多
The genus Artemisia is one of the largest and most widely distributed genera of the family Compositae. One type of the mainly active metabolites found in the Artemisia plants is sesquiterpenoids with extensive biologi...The genus Artemisia is one of the largest and most widely distributed genera of the family Compositae. One type of the mainly active metabolites found in the Artemisia plants is sesquiterpenoids with extensive biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-tumour, antimalarial, antinociceptive, antimierobial and other activities. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the progress concerning the phytochemistry and biological activities of sesquiterpenoids obtained from the Artemisia species from 2010 to July 2016. Furthermore, several future research perspectives and development of sesquiterpenoids as potential therapeutic agents were discussed as well.展开更多
The oligosaccharide elicitor from the mycelial wall of an endophytic Colletotrichum sp. B501 promoted the production of artemisinin in Artemisia annua L. hairy root culture. When hairy roots of 22-day-old cultures (la...The oligosaccharide elicitor from the mycelial wall of an endophytic Colletotrichum sp. B501 promoted the production of artemisinin in Artemisia annua L. hairy root culture. When hairy roots of 22-day-old cultures (later growth phase) were exposed to the elicitor (20 mg/L) for 4 d, the maximum content of artemisinin reached 1.15 mg/g, a 64.29% increment over the control. The electron X-ray microanalysis disclosed the rapid accumulation of Ca 2+ in the elicited cortical cells of hairy root. The electronic microscope observation revealed the high electron density area in vacuole of elicited cells. During the first day of elicitation the peroxidase activity of hairy roots was improved sharply. Some cellular morphological changes including cell shrinkage, condensation of cytoplasm and nuclear fragmentation, coincident with the appearance of DNA ladders, were observed after the third day of elicitation. It was suggested that the oligosaccharide elicitor triggered the programmed cell death, which may provide the substance or chemical signal for artemisinin biosynthesis.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LY22C010002)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M721732)+1 种基金the project of sending sci-tech experts to rural areas in Ningbo city(2022S205)the K.C.Wong Magna Fund of Ningbo University.
文摘Artemisia argyi(A.argyi)is a Chinese herbal medicine with reported anti-inflammatory effects.In this study,the A.argyi was extracted with water and ethanol,and the concentrations of 35 flavonoids in A.argyi water extract(WE)and ethanol extract(EE)were measured via targeted metabolomics.The antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities of both WE and EE were firstly explored in vitro via chemical assays and cellular experiment,respectively.Both WE and EE showed significant 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS),·OH,and O_(2)·radical scavenging ability in a dose-dependent manner,and reduced the levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-22(IL-22)in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced RAW264.7 cell model.In addition,the in vivo anti-colitis activity of both extracts was investigated in dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis mice,and the underlying mechanisms were elucidated by 16S r DNA sequencing and targeted metabolomics.We found that both WE and EE relieved colitis in mice,characterized by decreased disease activity index,increased colon length,improved pathological changes in colon tissue,while EE showed better anti-colitis activity.In addition,both 16S r DNA sequencing and targeted bile acids metabolomics indicated EE modulated gut microbiota and specifically increased the abundance of lithocholic acid(LCA),which might contribute to intestinal barrier function improvement via up-regulating the expression of colonic farnesoid X receptor(FXR).In summary,this study identified the anti-colitis mechanism of A.argyi EE by modulating gut microbiota,facilitating the production of LCA,activating FXR and improving intestinal barrier function.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170937)Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(SMRF,A2303015)+3 种基金Pearl River Talent Project of Guangdong Province(2021QN02Y426)Shenzhen Peacock Plan Project(827/000655)to Liang Yethe Yunnan Provincial Key Areas Science and Technology Plan Project(202303AC100025)Yunnan Scholar of Yunling(YNWRYLXZ-2019-019)to Rongping Zhang.
文摘Artemisia annua L.is a medicinal herb with multiple therapeutic applications,whereas its antiinfluenza A virus(IAV)efficiency and mechanism of action are still unclear.Here,we investigated the inhibition activity and mechanism of A.annua leaf methanol extracts(AALME)against IAV in vitro and in vivo.Our results revealed that AALME exhibits potent anti-IAV activity by interacting with IAV particles.Mechanistically,AALME directly targets the IAV nucleoprotein(NP)protein and abolishes the nuclear import of IAV NP.AALME profoundly suppresses IAV-induced mitochondrial apoptosis via suppressing ROS-mediated AIF-dependent pathways.More importantly,we found that AALME plays a crucial role in protecting mice from IAV infection and mitigating IAV pathogenicity.This current work provides mechanistic insight into the mechanism by which AALME controls IAV infection in vitro and in vivo,potentially contributing to the development of antiviral treatments for IAV infection.
基金supported from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21920102003)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(No.2020B0303070002)the National Key R&D Program“Strategic Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation”Key Project(No.2022YFE0203600).
文摘Two novel skeleton sesquiterpenoids(1 and 6),along with four new iphionane-type sesquiterpenes(2−5)and six new cyperane-type sesquiterpenes(7−11),were isolated from the whole plant of Artemisia hedinii(A.hedinii).The two novel skeleton compounds(1 and 6)were derived from the decarbonization of iphionane and cyperane-type sesquiterpenes,respectively.Their structures were elucidated through a comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data,including high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(HR-ESI-MS)and 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectra.The absolute configurations were determined using electronic circular dichroism(ECD)spectra,single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analyses,time-dependent density functional theory(TDDFT)ECD calculation,density functional theory(DFT)NMR calculations,and biomimetic syntheses.The biomimetic syntheses of the two novel skeletons(1 and 6)were inspired by potential biogenetic pathways,utilizing a predominant eudesmane-type sesquiterpene(A)in A.hedinii as the substrate.All compounds were evaluated in LX-2 cells for their anti-hepatic fibrosis activity.Compounds 2,8,and 10 exhibited significant activity in downregulating the expression ofα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),a protein involved in hepatic fibrosis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U22A20523,U23A20242)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFD1801000).
文摘Salmonellosis represents a global epidemic,and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant(XDR)Salmonella and its sustained transmission worldwide constitutes a significant public health concern.Flagellum-mediated motility serves as a crucial virulence trait of Salmonella that guides the pathogen toward the epithelial surface,enhancing gut colonization.Artemisia argyit essential oil,a traditional herb extract,demonstrates efficacy in treating inflammationrelated symptoms and diseases;however,its effects on flagellum assembly and expression mechanisms in anti-Salmonella activity remain inadequately explored.This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which Artemisia argyit essential oil addresses Salmonella infections.Network pharmacological analysis revealed that Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)Artemisia argyit exhibited anti-Salmonella infection potential and inhibited flagellum-dependent motility.The application of Artemisia argyit essential oil induced notable motility defects through the downregulation of flagellar and fimbriae expression.Moreover,it significantly reduced Salmonella-infected cell damage by interfering with flagellum-mediated Salmonella colonization.In vivo studies demonstrated that Artemisia argyit essential oil administration effectively alleviated Salmonella infection symptoms by reducing bacterial loads,inhibiting interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β),IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)production,and diminishing pathological injury.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis identified forty-three compounds in Artemisia argyit essential oil,with their corresponding targets and active ingredients predicted.Investigation of an in vivo model of Salmonella infection using the active ingredient demonstrated that alpha-cedrene ameliorated Salmonella infection.These findings suggest the potential application of Artemisia argyit essential oil in controlling Salmonella,the predominant food-borne pathogen.
文摘Artemisia dracunculus L.,or tarragon,is a perennial herb from the Asteraceae family that is extensively cultivated for its aromatic leaves,which are valued for its preventative and therapeutic properties in both cookery and traditional medicine.This study aims to investigate the antibacterial,antioxidant,and anti-inflammatory properties of A.dracunculus(tarragon)essential oil(ADEO),with estragole(57.23%)identified as the major compound through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis.ADEO exhibited varying degrees of antibacterial activity,with Escherichia coli showing higher resistance inhibition zone(IZ)=14.7±0.58 mm,minimum (inhibitory concentration(MIC)=2%and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)=4%),while Bacillus subtilis(IZ=24.05±2.11 mm and MIC=MBC=0.125%)and Staphylococcus aureus(IZ=18.69±1.45 mm,MIC=0.0612%and MBC=0.125%)were more sensitive to its actions.Antioxidant ability was assessed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil(DPPH),2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS),xanthine oxidase inhibition,and beta-carotene bleaching assays.ADEO showed remarkable antiradical effect on DPPH(IC_(50)=127.05±3.47μg/mL)and ABTS radical(IC_(50)=89.60±8.73μg/mL)as well as significant inhibition of xanthine oxidase(IC_(50)=47.9±2.04μg/mL)and lipid peroxidation(IC_(50)=231.63±5.21μg/mL).ADEO also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the enzymesCOX-1(IC_(50)=59.2±2.43μg/mL),Cyclo-oxygenase-2(COX-2)(IC_(50)=74.68±1.34μg/mL)and 5-lipooxygense(5-LOX)(IC_(50)=93.18±1.87μg/mL),which are involved in the inflammatory pathway.These findings suggest that ADEO,with its high estragole content,holds promising potential as a natural antibacterial,antioxidant,and anti-inflammatory agent for preventive and therapeutic applications.Further research is needed to explore its safety and efficacy in clinical settings.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82225047 and 82170274)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3501703)the Open Project of Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources.
文摘Objectives This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the increased artemisinin content and enhanced density of glandular secretory trichomes(GSTs)in the HAN1(Hainan)haplotype of Artemisia annua.Methods Employing genetic and phylogenetic analyses,we identified AaCOI1 genes genome-wide,compared plant height,artemisinin content,and GST density in HAN1 and LN(Liaoning)haplotypes,elucidated their evolution and structural features,and analyzed expression of AaCOI1 and associated genes.Results Compared to LN,HAN1 exhibited significantly greater plant height,higher artemisinin content,and increased GST density.Orthologous gene analysis identified 17,724 core genes,21,608 dispensable genes,and 1,645 private genes.Functional identification revealed that private genes in HAN1 were enriched in functions related to insect response,whereas those in shandong were associated with cell growth and differentiation.Pronounced divergence between HAN1 and LQ9(Shandong)was observed in AaCOI1 gene sequence homology,exon-intron structure,motif composition,and cis-regulatory elements.Furthermore,HAN1 showed marked upregulation of AaCOI1 genes and key artemisinin biosynthetic regulators,along with downregulation of jasmonic acid(JA)signaling repressors.Conclusions This study shows AaCOI1 genes are multi-copy.Haplotype analysis reveals population variation in artemisinin regulation and links haplotypic divergence to differential JA response.These findings address critical knowledge gaps,offer molecular breeding targets,and promote a shift toward systems biology.The molecular mechanisms for elevated artemisinin and GST density in HAN1 were revealed.Structural variations upregulate AaCOI1 genes,promoting interaction with JA signaling components like jasmonate ZIM-domain repressors(JAZs),similar to glycogen synthase kinase,cullin-1,and cullin-2.This suppresses JA repressors,activates the pathway,and upregulates genes for artemisinin biosynthesis and GST development,enhancing both traits.These results confirm that elevated expression of AaCOI1 genes boosts artemisinin biosynthesis.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82074026)the National Interdisciplinary Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-D-202209).
文摘but its application is constrained by hepatotoxicity.This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of reducing AAEO’s toxicity through storage and to evaluate changes in chemical composition,toxicity,and bioactivity.Methods:Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze compositional changes during storage.Zebrafish acute toxicity tests and the liver-specific transgenic zebrafish model Tg(fabp10:EGFP)were used to assess toxicity.Antimicrobial,analgesic,and antioxidant assays evaluated variations in bioactivity.Results:Over the 150-day storage period,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified 39 components.Zebrafish acute toxicity tests showed that the LD50 of AAEO stored for 0,30,60,90,120,and 150 days were 0.10μL·mL^(-1),0.10μL·mL^(-1),0.10μL·mL^(-1),0.11μL·mL^(-1),0.13μL·mL^(-1),and 0.14μL·mL^(-1),respectively,demonstrating a 40%reduction in acute toxicity after 150 days of storage.Using the liver-specific green fluorescent transgenic Tg(fabp10:EGFP)zebrafish model,the inhibition rates of AAEO on hepatic fluorescence intensity were measured at 68.5%,43.5%,42.6%,37.8%,34.6%,and 31.9% at different time points,confirming reduced hepatotoxicity after storage.Additionally,the antioxidant and analgesic activities of AAEO were significantly enhanced(p<0.05)after storage,while the antibacterial activity decreased(p<0.05).Conclusions:After storage,AAEO significantly reduces hepatotoxicity,with a 40% decrease in acute toxicity after 150 days.Meanwhile,the antioxidant and analgesic activities of AAEO increase,while its antibacterial activity decreases after storage.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30973629).
文摘Fourteen known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia anomala and identified as follows： zhepiresinol （1）, （-）-lariciresinol （2）, ficusal （3）, medioresinol （4）, （＋）-syringaresinol （5）, 1β,2β-epoxy-3β,4α,10α-trihydroxyguaian- 6α,12-olide （6）, 5β,10α-dihydroxy-1α/-dehydroleucodin （7）, 3α-chloro-8α-acetoxy-4β,10α-dihydroxy-1β,2β-epoxy-5α,7αHguai- 11 （13）-en- 12,6α-olide （8）, 13-O-desacetyleudesma-afraglaucolide （9）, 1,10-seco-4ξ-hydroxy-muurol-5-ene- 1,10-diketone （10）, 1α-hydroxyafraglaucolide（11）, aurantiamide （12）, indole-3-aldehyde （13）, loliolide （14）. All these compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time and compounds 1-4, 8, 10, 13 were obtained from genus Artemisia for the first time.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30973629)
文摘Nine lignans were isolated and purified by silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, preparative HPLC and recrystallization from the aerial parts ofArtemisia absinthium L., and identified as follows： diayangambin （1）, sesartemin （2）, epiyangambin （3）, （＋）arborone （4）, （-）syringaresinol （5）, epiashchantin （6）, caruilignan C （7）, 7β-caruilignan C （8）, yangambin （9）. Compounds 4, 5, 7, 8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
文摘The artemisinin accumulation in the hairy root cultures of Artemisia annua L. was enhanced via a treatment of three fungal elicitors separately ( Verticillium dahliae Kleb., Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb. ex Fr.) Vuill and Colletotrichum dematium (Pers.) Grove). Among these three elicitors, V. dahliae had the highest inducing efficiency, but none of them manifests any noticeable effects on the cell growth of the hairy root cultures. The artemisinin content of the hairy root cultures treated with V. dahliae elicitor was 1.12 mg/g DW, which was 45% higher than the control (0.77 mg/g DW). The results showed that elicitation was dependent on the elicitor concentration, the incubation period and the physiological stage at which the hairy root cultures were treated. In addition, the authors found that for V. dahliae , the optimum concentration was 0.4 mg carbohydrate per millilitre medium, the strongest response of A. annua hairy root cultures to the elicitation was at the late exponential growth stage, and the highest artemisinin content of the hairy root cultures was on the 4th day post treatment.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31400305 and 81202916)the Science and Technology Project of Henan Province(Grant No.152102310113)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Project of the Education Department of Henan Province(Grant No.14A360012)the Project for Youth Backbone Teachers in the University of Henan Province(Grant No.2015GGJS-130)
文摘The genus Artemisia is one of the largest and most widely distributed genera of the family Compositae. One type of the mainly active metabolites found in the Artemisia plants is sesquiterpenoids with extensive biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-tumour, antimalarial, antinociceptive, antimierobial and other activities. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the progress concerning the phytochemistry and biological activities of sesquiterpenoids obtained from the Artemisia species from 2010 to July 2016. Furthermore, several future research perspectives and development of sesquiterpenoids as potential therapeutic agents were discussed as well.
文摘The oligosaccharide elicitor from the mycelial wall of an endophytic Colletotrichum sp. B501 promoted the production of artemisinin in Artemisia annua L. hairy root culture. When hairy roots of 22-day-old cultures (later growth phase) were exposed to the elicitor (20 mg/L) for 4 d, the maximum content of artemisinin reached 1.15 mg/g, a 64.29% increment over the control. The electron X-ray microanalysis disclosed the rapid accumulation of Ca 2+ in the elicited cortical cells of hairy root. The electronic microscope observation revealed the high electron density area in vacuole of elicited cells. During the first day of elicitation the peroxidase activity of hairy roots was improved sharply. Some cellular morphological changes including cell shrinkage, condensation of cytoplasm and nuclear fragmentation, coincident with the appearance of DNA ladders, were observed after the third day of elicitation. It was suggested that the oligosaccharide elicitor triggered the programmed cell death, which may provide the substance or chemical signal for artemisinin biosynthesis.
