【目的】Arsenophonus、Wolbachia、Spiroplasma和Cardinium是广泛分布于昆虫体内的次生共生菌,能对寄主昆虫的生殖和发育生理产生影响,明确不同地理种群褐飞虱体内4种共生菌的感染和系统发育关系可为利用共生菌防治害虫提供技术依据。...【目的】Arsenophonus、Wolbachia、Spiroplasma和Cardinium是广泛分布于昆虫体内的次生共生菌,能对寄主昆虫的生殖和发育生理产生影响,明确不同地理种群褐飞虱体内4种共生菌的感染和系统发育关系可为利用共生菌防治害虫提供技术依据。【方法】利用Arsenophonus特异性23S rRNA基因引物,Wolbachia、Spiroplasma和Cardinium各自的16S rRNA基因引物PCR检测广西10个地市、海南海口及上海、江苏南京、湖南长沙共14个地理种群褐飞虱雌、雄虫体内共生菌感染情况,并对扩增到的基因片段进行测序、构建系统发育树。【结果】不同地区2014年和2015年褐飞虱体内Arsenophonus感染率最高的分别为河池种群(30%)和长沙种群(20%)、PWolbachia感染率最高为河池种群(20%)和南京种群(30%),而Spiroplasma和Cardinium在褐飞虱各种群内均未检测到。序列比对和发育分析表明,褐飞虱体内Arsenophonus与同翅目昆虫白蜡虫Ericerus pela Chavannes体内感染的该菌关系最近;而感染Wolbachia菌的系统发育分析表明,除海南种群有一个个体感染Wolbachia菌A群外,其余种群感染的全部为B群;同时在所有感染两类共生菌的个体中并未发现共感染现象。【结论】不同地理种群褐飞虱感染Arsenophonus和Wolbachia两类共生菌的感染率并不一致;总体上褐飞虱雌虫Wolbachia感染率要高于雄虫,褐飞虱体内感染的两类共生菌与其它昆虫体内的共生菌序列高度一致或类似,且在所有检测的地理种群中均未发现有Spiroplasma和Cardinium感染。展开更多
Bacterial endosymbionts play important roles in ecological traits of aphids.In this study,we characterize the bacterial endosymbionts of A.gossypii collected in Karaj,Iran and their role in the performance of the aphi...Bacterial endosymbionts play important roles in ecological traits of aphids.In this study,we characterize the bacterial endosymbionts of A.gossypii collected in Karaj,Iran and their role in the performance of the aphid.Our results indicated that beside Buchnera aphidicola,A.gossypii,also harbors both Hamiltonella defensa and Arsenophonus sp.Quantitative PCR(qPCR)results revealed that the populations of the endosymbionts increased throughout nymphal development up to adult emergence;thereafter,populations of Buchnera and Arsenophonus were diminished while the density of H.defensa constantly increased.Buchnera reduction caused prolonged development and no progeny production.Furthermore,secondary symbiont reduction led to reduction of the total life span and intrinsic rate of natural increase as well as appearance of the deformed dead offspring in comparison with the control insects.Reduction of the secondary symbionts did not affect parasitism rate of the aphid by the parasitic wasp Aphidius matricariae.Together these findings showed that H.defensa and Arsenophonus contributed to the fitness of A.gossypii by enhancing its performance,but not through parasitoid resistance.展开更多
Endosymbionts are important components of arthropod biology. The white- fly Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） （Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae） is a cryptic species complex composed of 〉28 putative species. In addition to the p...Endosymbionts are important components of arthropod biology. The white- fly Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） （Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae） is a cryptic species complex composed of 〉28 putative species. In addition to the primary endosymbiont Portiera aley- rodidarum, six secondary endosymbionts （S-endosymbionts）, Hamiltonella, Rickettsia, Wolbachia, Cardinium, Arsenophonus and Fritschea, have been identified in B. tabaci thus far. Here, we tested five of the six S-endosymbiont lineages （excluding Fritschea） from 340 whitely individuals representing six putative species from China. Harniltonella was detected only in the two exotic invaders, Middle East-Asia Minor 1 （MEAM 1） and Mediter- ranean （MED）. Rickettsia was absent in Asia II 1 and MED, scarce in Asia II 3 （13%）, but abundant in Asia II 7 （63.2%）, China 1 （84.7%） and MEAM1 （100%）. Wolbachia, Cardinium and Arsenophonus were absent in the invasive MEAM1 and MED but mostly abundant in the native putative species. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses revealed that some S-endosymbionts have several clades and different B. tabaci putative species can harbor different clades of a given S-endosymbiont, demonstrating further the complexity of S-endosymbionts in B. tabaci. All together, our results demonstrate the variation and diversity of S-endosymbionts in different putative species ofB. tabaci, especially between invasive and native whiteflies.展开更多
Bacteria are ubiquitous inhabitants of animals.Hormaphidinae is a particular aphid group exhibiting very diverse life history traits.However,the microbiota in this group is poorly known.In the present study,using high...Bacteria are ubiquitous inhabitants of animals.Hormaphidinae is a particular aphid group exhibiting very diverse life history traits.However,the microbiota in this group is poorly known.In the present study,using high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons,we surveyed the bacterial flora in hormaphidine aphids and explored whether the aphid tribe,host plant and geographical distribution are associated with the distribution of secondary symbionts.The most dominant bacteria detected in hormaphidine species are heritable symbionts.As expected,the primary endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola is the most abundant symbiont across all species and has cospeciated with its host aphids.Six secondary symbionts were detected in Hormaphidinae.Arsenophonus is widespread in Hormaphidinae species,suggesting the possibility of ancient acquisition of this symbiont.Ordination analyses and statistical tests show that the symbiont composition does not seem to relate to any of the aphid tribes,host plants or geographical distributions,which indicate that horizontal transfers might occur for these symbionts in Hormaphidinae.Correlation analysis exhibits negative interference between Buchnera and coexisting secondary symbionts,while the interactions between different secondary symbionts are complicated.These findings display a comprehensive picture of the microbiota in Hormaphidinae and may be helpful in understanding the symbiont diversity within a group of aphids.展开更多
文摘【目的】Arsenophonus、Wolbachia、Spiroplasma和Cardinium是广泛分布于昆虫体内的次生共生菌,能对寄主昆虫的生殖和发育生理产生影响,明确不同地理种群褐飞虱体内4种共生菌的感染和系统发育关系可为利用共生菌防治害虫提供技术依据。【方法】利用Arsenophonus特异性23S rRNA基因引物,Wolbachia、Spiroplasma和Cardinium各自的16S rRNA基因引物PCR检测广西10个地市、海南海口及上海、江苏南京、湖南长沙共14个地理种群褐飞虱雌、雄虫体内共生菌感染情况,并对扩增到的基因片段进行测序、构建系统发育树。【结果】不同地区2014年和2015年褐飞虱体内Arsenophonus感染率最高的分别为河池种群(30%)和长沙种群(20%)、PWolbachia感染率最高为河池种群(20%)和南京种群(30%),而Spiroplasma和Cardinium在褐飞虱各种群内均未检测到。序列比对和发育分析表明,褐飞虱体内Arsenophonus与同翅目昆虫白蜡虫Ericerus pela Chavannes体内感染的该菌关系最近;而感染Wolbachia菌的系统发育分析表明,除海南种群有一个个体感染Wolbachia菌A群外,其余种群感染的全部为B群;同时在所有感染两类共生菌的个体中并未发现共感染现象。【结论】不同地理种群褐飞虱感染Arsenophonus和Wolbachia两类共生菌的感染率并不一致;总体上褐飞虱雌虫Wolbachia感染率要高于雄虫,褐飞虱体内感染的两类共生菌与其它昆虫体内的共生菌序列高度一致或类似,且在所有检测的地理种群中均未发现有Spiroplasma和Cardinium感染。
文摘Bacterial endosymbionts play important roles in ecological traits of aphids.In this study,we characterize the bacterial endosymbionts of A.gossypii collected in Karaj,Iran and their role in the performance of the aphid.Our results indicated that beside Buchnera aphidicola,A.gossypii,also harbors both Hamiltonella defensa and Arsenophonus sp.Quantitative PCR(qPCR)results revealed that the populations of the endosymbionts increased throughout nymphal development up to adult emergence;thereafter,populations of Buchnera and Arsenophonus were diminished while the density of H.defensa constantly increased.Buchnera reduction caused prolonged development and no progeny production.Furthermore,secondary symbiont reduction led to reduction of the total life span and intrinsic rate of natural increase as well as appearance of the deformed dead offspring in comparison with the control insects.Reduction of the secondary symbionts did not affect parasitism rate of the aphid by the parasitic wasp Aphidius matricariae.Together these findings showed that H.defensa and Arsenophonus contributed to the fitness of A.gossypii by enhancing its performance,but not through parasitoid resistance.
文摘Endosymbionts are important components of arthropod biology. The white- fly Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） （Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae） is a cryptic species complex composed of 〉28 putative species. In addition to the primary endosymbiont Portiera aley- rodidarum, six secondary endosymbionts （S-endosymbionts）, Hamiltonella, Rickettsia, Wolbachia, Cardinium, Arsenophonus and Fritschea, have been identified in B. tabaci thus far. Here, we tested five of the six S-endosymbiont lineages （excluding Fritschea） from 340 whitely individuals representing six putative species from China. Harniltonella was detected only in the two exotic invaders, Middle East-Asia Minor 1 （MEAM 1） and Mediter- ranean （MED）. Rickettsia was absent in Asia II 1 and MED, scarce in Asia II 3 （13%）, but abundant in Asia II 7 （63.2%）, China 1 （84.7%） and MEAM1 （100%）. Wolbachia, Cardinium and Arsenophonus were absent in the invasive MEAM1 and MED but mostly abundant in the native putative species. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses revealed that some S-endosymbionts have several clades and different B. tabaci putative species can harbor different clades of a given S-endosymbiont, demonstrating further the complexity of S-endosymbionts in B. tabaci. All together, our results demonstrate the variation and diversity of S-endosymbionts in different putative species ofB. tabaci, especially between invasive and native whiteflies.
基金by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFE0203100)the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31620103916 and 31430078)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program A of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA19050303)China Scholarship Council(No.[2016]7988toT.T.X.).
文摘Bacteria are ubiquitous inhabitants of animals.Hormaphidinae is a particular aphid group exhibiting very diverse life history traits.However,the microbiota in this group is poorly known.In the present study,using high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons,we surveyed the bacterial flora in hormaphidine aphids and explored whether the aphid tribe,host plant and geographical distribution are associated with the distribution of secondary symbionts.The most dominant bacteria detected in hormaphidine species are heritable symbionts.As expected,the primary endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola is the most abundant symbiont across all species and has cospeciated with its host aphids.Six secondary symbionts were detected in Hormaphidinae.Arsenophonus is widespread in Hormaphidinae species,suggesting the possibility of ancient acquisition of this symbiont.Ordination analyses and statistical tests show that the symbiont composition does not seem to relate to any of the aphid tribes,host plants or geographical distributions,which indicate that horizontal transfers might occur for these symbionts in Hormaphidinae.Correlation analysis exhibits negative interference between Buchnera and coexisting secondary symbionts,while the interactions between different secondary symbionts are complicated.These findings display a comprehensive picture of the microbiota in Hormaphidinae and may be helpful in understanding the symbiont diversity within a group of aphids.
