Overview of root system architecture.The plant root system is a highly dynamic and multifunctional organ system composed of primary roots,lateral roots,adventitious roots,and root hairs.Based on topological morphology...Overview of root system architecture.The plant root system is a highly dynamic and multifunctional organ system composed of primary roots,lateral roots,adventitious roots,and root hairs.Based on topological morphology,root systems can be classified as taproot systems or fibrous root systems.Root system architecture(RSA)refers to the spatial distribution and extension patterns of roots within soil,encompassing characteristics such as root length,branching angle,density,and spatial arrangement.RSA not only determines the plant’s capacity to acquire water and nutrients but also influences other root functions,playing a decisive role in overall plant health.展开更多
Not always climate and cultural contexts are discussed at the forefront of architectural discussions on traditional or vernacular architecture,nevertheless,the construction material also plays a significant part in de...Not always climate and cultural contexts are discussed at the forefront of architectural discussions on traditional or vernacular architecture,nevertheless,the construction material also plays a significant part in defining places’architectural languages.Building from the local materials is an essential ingredient of the local distinctiveness,whilst forming the architectural grand gesture in its context.In Siwa oasis,salt architecture has formed that architectural grand gesture.The vernacular vocabularies adopted by old Bedouins using salt bricks generated Siwa’s unique spirit.In this paper,some examples are illustrated based on a series of site visits to three main sites in Siwa,namely:Old Shali,Abu Shuruf,and Aghourmy.This shows the evolution of Siwa’s vernacular architecture and the role of the architectural language or detrimental effect on the overall quality of architecture.From the site visits,it was observed that building with the traditional technique is now becoming abandoned in Siwa,explained by the local builders to be due to the huge costs required;forcing them to shifting to modern architecture.The influx to building using modern techniques has led to a significant transformation in the urban morphology and spirit of Siwa.Herein lies the scope of this paper:to discuss the impact of the evolution of vernacular architecture on the overall quality of architecture in Siwa and thus identifying the problems which will lead to policy formulation and guidelines for the redevelopment of Siwa in order to“revitalize/resuscitate”its vernacular style accordingly.展开更多
This paper adopts the Global Workspace Theory as a neuro-scientifically plausible theory for developing conscious cognitive architecture.The Global Workspace Theory’s compatibility with the working mechanisms underne...This paper adopts the Global Workspace Theory as a neuro-scientifically plausible theory for developing conscious cognitive architecture.The Global Workspace Theory’s compatibility with the working mechanisms underneath human brains is enhanced by the implementation of different cognitive features based on this framework.Amongst the topics in the literature for intelligent systems,we start with attention,memory and learning mechanisms,and corresponding experiments are summarized here.We also discuss how other topics of cognitive robotics could be developed based on these three basic components,and their correlations.This provides a foundation for future long-term development of cognitive architectures of cognitive robots.The research in this paper follows the incremental research pathway for the architecture implementation,which is consistent with the Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architecture roadmap.展开更多
With the rapid development of flexible wearable electronics,the demand for stretchable energy storage devices has surged.In this work,a novel gradient-layered architecture was design based on single-pore hollow lignin...With the rapid development of flexible wearable electronics,the demand for stretchable energy storage devices has surged.In this work,a novel gradient-layered architecture was design based on single-pore hollow lignin nanospheres(HLNPs)-intercalated two-dimensional transition metal carbide(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene)for fabricating highly stretchable and durable supercapacitors.By depositing and inserting HLNPs in the MXene layers with a bottom-up decreasing gradient,a multilayered porous MXene structure with smooth ion channels was constructed by reducing the overstacking of MXene lamella.Moreover,the micro-chamber architecture of thin-walled lignin nanospheres effectively extended the contact area between lignin and MXene to improve ion and electron accessibility,thus better utilizing the pseudocapacitive property of lignin.All these strategies effectively enhanced the capacitive performance of the electrodes.In addition,HLNPs,which acted as a protective phase for MXene layer,enhanced mechanical properties of the wrinkled stretchable electrodes by releasing stress through slip and deformation during the stretch-release cycling and greatly improved the structural integrity and capacitive stability of the electrodes.Flexible electrodes and symmetric flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors capable of enduring 600%uniaxial tensile strain were developed with high specific capacitances of 1273 mF cm^(−2)(241 F g^(−1))and 514 mF cm^(−2)(95 F g^(−1)),respectively.Moreover,their capacitances were well preserved after 1000 times of 600%stretch-release cycling.This study showcased new possibilities of incorporating biobased lignin nanospheres in energy storage devices to fabricate stretchable devices leveraging synergies among various two-dimensional nanomaterials.展开更多
Modern aircraft tend to use fuel thermal management systems to cool onboard heat sources.However,the design of heat transfer architectures for fuel thermal management systems relies on the experience of the engineers ...Modern aircraft tend to use fuel thermal management systems to cool onboard heat sources.However,the design of heat transfer architectures for fuel thermal management systems relies on the experience of the engineers and lacks theoretical guidance.This paper proposes a concise graph representation method based on graph theory for fuel thermal management systems,which can represent all possible connections between subsystems.A generalized optimization algorithm is proposed for fuel thermal management system architecture to minimize the heat sink.This algorithm can autonomously arrange subsystems with heat production differences and efficiently utilize the architecture of the fuel heat sink.At the same time,two evaluation indices are proposed from the perspective of subsystems.These indices intuitively and clearly show that the reason for the high efficiency of heat sink utilization is the balanced and moderate cooling of each subsystem and verify the rationality of the architecture optimization method.A set of simulations are also conducted,which demonstrate that the fuel tank temperature has no effect on the performance of the architecture.This paper provides a reference for the architectural design of aircraft fuel thermal management systems.The metrics used in this paper can also be utilized to evaluate the existing architecture.展开更多
1 Antoni Gaudíwas sickly as a boy in Reus,Spain,often riding a donkey due to his weak legs.He loved art and nature and was full of ideas.As he grew older and stronger,Gaudíexplored the remains of many old bu...1 Antoni Gaudíwas sickly as a boy in Reus,Spain,often riding a donkey due to his weak legs.He loved art and nature and was full of ideas.As he grew older and stronger,Gaudíexplored the remains of many old buildings near his city,which made him realize what he wanted to do for the rest of his life.展开更多
The aim of this article is to present my interpretation of the holistic-phenomenological worldview in practice.This study demonstrates how this approach,as well as the planning process that I followed(a process fundam...The aim of this article is to present my interpretation of the holistic-phenomenological worldview in practice.This study demonstrates how this approach,as well as the planning process that I followed(a process fundamentally different from conventional ones)was implemented in a residential neighborhood I designed and built in the social,economic,and physical structure of the collective known in Israel as a‘kibbutz’.The intention is to raise a broad public discussion and pose a challenge to 21st-century architecture regarding how to intervene in a moral and human way within an existing environment,urban or natural,which must be respected and preserved,when integrating within it a new contemporary architecture.展开更多
In the context of the new era,deepening education reform and improving the quality of talent cultivation are important measures for universities to align with industry trends and the development needs of students.With...In the context of the new era,deepening education reform and improving the quality of talent cultivation are important measures for universities to align with industry trends and the development needs of students.With the continuous growth of the economy,the construction industry is undergoing rapid development and transformation,and there is an increasing demand for high-quality and high-level applied talents,which poses certain challenges to the architecture majors in universities.Therefore,universities should actively follow the industry development trends and the characteristics of talents,clarify the talent cultivation objectives,optimize the professional teaching system,and promote the high-quality development of education.The cultivation of applied talents in the architecture major of universities is not only an internal requirement for the development of the construction industry but also an important part of the country’s innovation-driven development strategy.It is of great significance for promoting scientific and technological progress,enhancing cultural confidence,and promoting the comprehensive development of the economy and society.展开更多
The CIIE demonstrates China’s commitment to opening up and cooperation The eighth China International Import Expo(CIIE),held in Shanghai from 5 to 10 November,once again underscored China’s commitment to deepening i...The CIIE demonstrates China’s commitment to opening up and cooperation The eighth China International Import Expo(CIIE),held in Shanghai from 5 to 10 November,once again underscored China’s commitment to deepening institutional opening up.展开更多
This paper introduces a computational cognitive architecture that serves as a comprehensive computational theory of the human mind,from cognitive science and computational psychology.The cognitive architecture(named C...This paper introduces a computational cognitive architecture that serves as a comprehensive computational theory of the human mind,from cognitive science and computational psychology.The cognitive architecture(named Clarion)has been justified by,and validated against,psychological data,findings,and theoretical constructs.One important theoretical background for it is the dual-process theories,which led to its overall two-level structuring in a hybrid neuro-symbolic way.Furthermore,given the recent advances in AI and computing technology,LLMs are being incorporated into the model to better capture human intuition and instinct(and implicit processes in general),in order to further enhance Clarion.Integrating Clarion and LLMs can also help to develop AI systems that are more capable,more reliable,and more human-like.Overall,the paper advocates a multidisciplinary approach towards developing better models for cognitive science and for AI.展开更多
The aim of this article is to present a unique interpretation of the holistic worldview,both in theory and in practice.It explores how this approach,along with a planning process fundamentally different from conventio...The aim of this article is to present a unique interpretation of the holistic worldview,both in theory and in practice.It explores how this approach,along with a planning process fundamentally different from conventional methods,was implemented in the design and construction of the Music Center and Library in the city of Tel Aviv.This process forms a coherent representation of a complete worldview:a humanistic,holistic worldview developed and adopted through more than five decades of architectural practice across all scales of design.In this approach,a building is not regarded as a collection of isolated design elements,but as one hierarchical language,in which the building,its interior,and its ornamented details down to the handle of the door is one continuous system.Within this system,the building,its interior spaces,and even the smallest ornamental details,down to the door handles,are conceived as parts of a single,continuous whole.This worldview aligns with contemporary scientific discourse in fields such as cosmology,neurobiology,psychology,complexity theory,and Buddhist philosophy,disciplines with which this body of work is closely associated.展开更多
Modern air battlefield operations are characterized by flexibility and change, and the battlefield evolves rapidly and intricately. However, traditional air target intent recognition methods, which mainly rely on manu...Modern air battlefield operations are characterized by flexibility and change, and the battlefield evolves rapidly and intricately. However, traditional air target intent recognition methods, which mainly rely on manually designed neural network models, find it difficult to maintain sustained and excellent performance in such a complex and changing environment. To address the problem of the adaptability of neural network models in complex environments, we propose a lightweight Transformer model(TransATIR) with a strong adaptive adjustment capability, based on the characteristics of air target intent recognition and the neural network architecture search technique. After conducting extensive experiments, it has been proved that TransATIR can efficiently extract the deep feature information from battlefield situation data by utilizing the neural architecture search algorithm, in order to quickly and accurately identify the real intention of the target. The experimental results indicate that TransATIR significantly improves recognition accuracy compared to the existing state-of-the-art methods, and also effectively reduces the computational complexity of the model.展开更多
With the rapid development of 5G technology,the proportion of video traffic on the Internet is increasing,bringing pressure on the network infrastructure.Edge computing technology provides a feasible solution for opti...With the rapid development of 5G technology,the proportion of video traffic on the Internet is increasing,bringing pressure on the network infrastructure.Edge computing technology provides a feasible solution for optimizing video content distribution.However,the limited edge node cache capacity and dynamic user requests make edge caching more complex.Therefore,we propose a recommendation-driven edge Caching network architecture for the Full life cycle of video streaming(FlyCache)designed to improve users’Quality of Experience(QoE)and reduce backhaul traffic consumption.FlyCache implements intelligent caching management across three key stages:before-playback,during-playback,and after-playback.Specifically,we introduce a cache placement policy for the before-playback stage,a dynamic prefetching and cache admission policy for the during-playback stage,and a progressive cache eviction policy for the after-playback stage.To validate the effectiveness of FlyCache,we developed a user behavior-driven edge caching simulation framework incorporating recommendation mechanisms.Experiments conducted on the MovieLens and synthetic datasets demonstrate that FlyCache outperforms other caching strategies in terms of byte hit rate,backhaul traffic,and delayed startup rate.展开更多
The flexible satellite batch production line is a complex discrete production system with multiple cross-disciplinary fields and mixed serial parallel tasks.As the source of the satellite batch production line process...The flexible satellite batch production line is a complex discrete production system with multiple cross-disciplinary fields and mixed serial parallel tasks.As the source of the satellite batch production line process,the warehousing system has urgent needs such as uncertain production scale and rapid iteration and optimization of business processes.Therefore,the requirements and architecture of complex discrete warehousing systems such as flexible satellite batch production lines are studied.The physical system of intelligent equipment is abstracted as a digital model to form the underlying module,and a digital fusion framework of“business domain+middleware platform+intelligent equipment information model”is constructed.The granularity of microservice splitting is calculated based on the dynamic correlation relationship between user access instances and database table structures.The general warehousing functions of the platform are divided to achieve module customization,addition,and configuration.An open discrete warehousing system based on microservices is designed.Software architecture and design develop complex discrete warehousing systems based on the SpringCloud framework.This architecture achieves the decoupling of business logic and physical hardware,enhances the maintainability and scalability of the system,and greatly improves the system’s adaptability to different complex discrete warehousing business scenarios.展开更多
Calvarial nerves,along with vasculature,influence skull formation during development and following injury,but it remains unclear how calvarial nerves are spatially distributed during postnatal growth and aging.Studyin...Calvarial nerves,along with vasculature,influence skull formation during development and following injury,but it remains unclear how calvarial nerves are spatially distributed during postnatal growth and aging.Studying the spatial distribution of nerves in the skull remains a challenge due to a lack of methods to quantify 3D structures in intact bone.To visualize calvarial 3D neurovascular architecture,we imaged nerves and endothelial cells with lightsheet microscopy.展开更多
This article presents views on the future development of data science,with a particular focus on its importance to artificial intel-ligence(AI).After discussing the challenges of data science,it elu-cidates a possible...This article presents views on the future development of data science,with a particular focus on its importance to artificial intel-ligence(AI).After discussing the challenges of data science,it elu-cidates a possible approach to tackle these challenges by clarifying the logic and principles of data related to the multi-level complex-ity of the world.Finally,urgently required actions are briefly outlined.展开更多
Plants undergo dynamic morphological changes in response to fluctuating light conditions.Despite significant progress in elucidating the mechanisms of light signal transduction,the precise influence of light on the de...Plants undergo dynamic morphological changes in response to fluctuating light conditions.Despite significant progress in elucidating the mechanisms of light signal transduction,the precise influence of light on the development and regulation of shoot architecture remains a central research question.Studies focusing on model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice suggest light modulates shoot architecture through intricate regulatory networks.However,the molecular mechanisms governing the diverse effects of light on horticultural crops are still poorly understood.This review primarily focuses on horticultural crops,integrating research on model plants,including Arabidopsis and rice,to provide an overview of the regulatory mechanisms of light signals in plant architectural development.It also explores the prospects for manipulating light environments in greenhouse management strategies.展开更多
Characterizing the architecture of tree root systems is essential to advance the development of root-inspired anchorage in engineered systems.This study explores the structural root architectures of orchard trees to u...Characterizing the architecture of tree root systems is essential to advance the development of root-inspired anchorage in engineered systems.This study explores the structural root architectures of orchard trees to understand the interplays between the mechanical behavior of roots and the root architecture.Full three-dimensional(3D)models of natural tree root systems,Lovell,Marianna,and Myrobalan,that were extracted from the ground by vertical pullout are reconstructed through photogrammetry and later skeletonized as nodes and root branch segments.Combined analyses of the full 3D models and skeletonized models enable a detailed examination of basic bulk properties and quantification of architectural parameters.While the root segments are divided into three categories,trunk root,main lateral root,and remaining roots,the patterns in branching and diameter distributions show significant differences between the trunk and main laterals versus the remaining lateral roots.In general,the branching angle decreases over the sequence of bifurcations.The main lateral roots near the trunk show significant spreading while the lateral roots near the ends grow roughly parallel to the parent root.For branch length,the roots bifurcate more frequently near the trunk and later they grow longer.Local thickness analysis confirms that the root diameter decays at a higher rate near the trunk than in the remaining lateral roots,while the total cross-sectional area across a bifurcation node remains mostly conserved.The histograms of branching angle,and branch length and thickness gradient can be described using lognormal and exponential distributions,respectively.This unique study presents data to characterize mechanically important structural roots,which may help link root architecture to the mechanical behaviors of root structures.展开更多
Stress accumulation is a key factor leading to sodium storage performance deterioration for NiSe_(2)-based anodes.Therefore,inhibiting the concentrated local stress during the sodiataion/desodiation process is crucial...Stress accumulation is a key factor leading to sodium storage performance deterioration for NiSe_(2)-based anodes.Therefore,inhibiting the concentrated local stress during the sodiataion/desodiation process is crucial for acquiring stable NiSe2-based materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),Herein,a stress dissipation strategy driven by architecture engineering is proposed,which can achieve ultrafast and ultralong sodium storage properties.Different from the conventional sphere-like or rod-like architecture,the three-dimensional(3D)flower-like NiSe_(2)@C composite is delicately designed and assembled with onedimensional nanorods and carbon framework.More importantly,the fundamental mechanism of improved structure stability is unveiled by simulations and experimental results simultaneously.It demonstrates that this designed multidimensional flower-like architecture with dispersed nanorods can balance the structural mismatch,avoid concentrated local strain,and relax the internal stress,mainly induced by the unavoidable volume variation during the repeated conversion processes.Moreover,it can provide more Na^(+)-storage sites and multi-directional migration pathways,leading to a fast Na^(+)-migration channel with boosted reaction kinetic.As expected,it delivers superior rate performance(441 mA h g^(-1)at 5.0 A g^(-1))and long cycling stability(563 mA h g^(-1)at 1.0 A g^(-1)over 1000 cycles)for SIBs.This work provides useful insights for designing high-performance conversion-based anode materials for SIBs.展开更多
High-density planting increases maize yield but also canopy crowding and stalk lodging.Aiming this contradiction,a wavy canopy was created using interlaced chemical application(IC)of a plant growth retardant at the V1...High-density planting increases maize yield but also canopy crowding and stalk lodging.Aiming this contradiction,a wavy canopy was created using interlaced chemical application(IC)of a plant growth retardant at the V14 stage with three densities(60,000,75,000,and 90,000 plants ha-1,indicated by D1,D2,and D3,respectively)for two seasons.The results showed that the IC-treated wavy canopy featuring both natural height(IC-H)and dwarfed(IC-L)plants,improved light transmission by 8.54%,8.49%,and 16.49%on average than the corresponding controls(CK)at D1,D2,and D3,respectively.The alleviation of canopy crowding stimulated leaf photosynthesis,sugar availability,basal-internode strength,and decreased plant lodging ratios in both IC-H and IC-L,particularly under higher densities.Meanwhile,the IC populations produced significantly higher yield than CK,with an average increase of 3.38%,16.70%,and 15.28%at D1,D2,and D3,respectively.Collectively,this study proposed a new wavy canopy strategy using plant growth retardant to simultaneously increase yield performance and lodging resistance,thus offering a sustainable solution for further development of high-density maize production.展开更多
文摘Overview of root system architecture.The plant root system is a highly dynamic and multifunctional organ system composed of primary roots,lateral roots,adventitious roots,and root hairs.Based on topological morphology,root systems can be classified as taproot systems or fibrous root systems.Root system architecture(RSA)refers to the spatial distribution and extension patterns of roots within soil,encompassing characteristics such as root length,branching angle,density,and spatial arrangement.RSA not only determines the plant’s capacity to acquire water and nutrients but also influences other root functions,playing a decisive role in overall plant health.
文摘Not always climate and cultural contexts are discussed at the forefront of architectural discussions on traditional or vernacular architecture,nevertheless,the construction material also plays a significant part in defining places’architectural languages.Building from the local materials is an essential ingredient of the local distinctiveness,whilst forming the architectural grand gesture in its context.In Siwa oasis,salt architecture has formed that architectural grand gesture.The vernacular vocabularies adopted by old Bedouins using salt bricks generated Siwa’s unique spirit.In this paper,some examples are illustrated based on a series of site visits to three main sites in Siwa,namely:Old Shali,Abu Shuruf,and Aghourmy.This shows the evolution of Siwa’s vernacular architecture and the role of the architectural language or detrimental effect on the overall quality of architecture.From the site visits,it was observed that building with the traditional technique is now becoming abandoned in Siwa,explained by the local builders to be due to the huge costs required;forcing them to shifting to modern architecture.The influx to building using modern techniques has led to a significant transformation in the urban morphology and spirit of Siwa.Herein lies the scope of this paper:to discuss the impact of the evolution of vernacular architecture on the overall quality of architecture in Siwa and thus identifying the problems which will lead to policy formulation and guidelines for the redevelopment of Siwa in order to“revitalize/resuscitate”its vernacular style accordingly.
基金Supported by the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation program(101120727-PRIMI).
文摘This paper adopts the Global Workspace Theory as a neuro-scientifically plausible theory for developing conscious cognitive architecture.The Global Workspace Theory’s compatibility with the working mechanisms underneath human brains is enhanced by the implementation of different cognitive features based on this framework.Amongst the topics in the literature for intelligent systems,we start with attention,memory and learning mechanisms,and corresponding experiments are summarized here.We also discuss how other topics of cognitive robotics could be developed based on these three basic components,and their correlations.This provides a foundation for future long-term development of cognitive architectures of cognitive robots.The research in this paper follows the incremental research pathway for the architecture implementation,which is consistent with the Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architecture roadmap.
基金supported by Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada(RGPIN-2017-06737)Canada Research Chairs program,the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0601005,2022YFD0904201)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51203075)the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.CSC202208320361).
文摘With the rapid development of flexible wearable electronics,the demand for stretchable energy storage devices has surged.In this work,a novel gradient-layered architecture was design based on single-pore hollow lignin nanospheres(HLNPs)-intercalated two-dimensional transition metal carbide(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene)for fabricating highly stretchable and durable supercapacitors.By depositing and inserting HLNPs in the MXene layers with a bottom-up decreasing gradient,a multilayered porous MXene structure with smooth ion channels was constructed by reducing the overstacking of MXene lamella.Moreover,the micro-chamber architecture of thin-walled lignin nanospheres effectively extended the contact area between lignin and MXene to improve ion and electron accessibility,thus better utilizing the pseudocapacitive property of lignin.All these strategies effectively enhanced the capacitive performance of the electrodes.In addition,HLNPs,which acted as a protective phase for MXene layer,enhanced mechanical properties of the wrinkled stretchable electrodes by releasing stress through slip and deformation during the stretch-release cycling and greatly improved the structural integrity and capacitive stability of the electrodes.Flexible electrodes and symmetric flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors capable of enduring 600%uniaxial tensile strain were developed with high specific capacitances of 1273 mF cm^(−2)(241 F g^(−1))and 514 mF cm^(−2)(95 F g^(−1)),respectively.Moreover,their capacitances were well preserved after 1000 times of 600%stretch-release cycling.This study showcased new possibilities of incorporating biobased lignin nanospheres in energy storage devices to fabricate stretchable devices leveraging synergies among various two-dimensional nanomaterials.
文摘Modern aircraft tend to use fuel thermal management systems to cool onboard heat sources.However,the design of heat transfer architectures for fuel thermal management systems relies on the experience of the engineers and lacks theoretical guidance.This paper proposes a concise graph representation method based on graph theory for fuel thermal management systems,which can represent all possible connections between subsystems.A generalized optimization algorithm is proposed for fuel thermal management system architecture to minimize the heat sink.This algorithm can autonomously arrange subsystems with heat production differences and efficiently utilize the architecture of the fuel heat sink.At the same time,two evaluation indices are proposed from the perspective of subsystems.These indices intuitively and clearly show that the reason for the high efficiency of heat sink utilization is the balanced and moderate cooling of each subsystem and verify the rationality of the architecture optimization method.A set of simulations are also conducted,which demonstrate that the fuel tank temperature has no effect on the performance of the architecture.This paper provides a reference for the architectural design of aircraft fuel thermal management systems.The metrics used in this paper can also be utilized to evaluate the existing architecture.
文摘1 Antoni Gaudíwas sickly as a boy in Reus,Spain,often riding a donkey due to his weak legs.He loved art and nature and was full of ideas.As he grew older and stronger,Gaudíexplored the remains of many old buildings near his city,which made him realize what he wanted to do for the rest of his life.
文摘The aim of this article is to present my interpretation of the holistic-phenomenological worldview in practice.This study demonstrates how this approach,as well as the planning process that I followed(a process fundamentally different from conventional ones)was implemented in a residential neighborhood I designed and built in the social,economic,and physical structure of the collective known in Israel as a‘kibbutz’.The intention is to raise a broad public discussion and pose a challenge to 21st-century architecture regarding how to intervene in a moral and human way within an existing environment,urban or natural,which must be respected and preserved,when integrating within it a new contemporary architecture.
文摘In the context of the new era,deepening education reform and improving the quality of talent cultivation are important measures for universities to align with industry trends and the development needs of students.With the continuous growth of the economy,the construction industry is undergoing rapid development and transformation,and there is an increasing demand for high-quality and high-level applied talents,which poses certain challenges to the architecture majors in universities.Therefore,universities should actively follow the industry development trends and the characteristics of talents,clarify the talent cultivation objectives,optimize the professional teaching system,and promote the high-quality development of education.The cultivation of applied talents in the architecture major of universities is not only an internal requirement for the development of the construction industry but also an important part of the country’s innovation-driven development strategy.It is of great significance for promoting scientific and technological progress,enhancing cultural confidence,and promoting the comprehensive development of the economy and society.
文摘The CIIE demonstrates China’s commitment to opening up and cooperation The eighth China International Import Expo(CIIE),held in Shanghai from 5 to 10 November,once again underscored China’s commitment to deepening institutional opening up.
文摘This paper introduces a computational cognitive architecture that serves as a comprehensive computational theory of the human mind,from cognitive science and computational psychology.The cognitive architecture(named Clarion)has been justified by,and validated against,psychological data,findings,and theoretical constructs.One important theoretical background for it is the dual-process theories,which led to its overall two-level structuring in a hybrid neuro-symbolic way.Furthermore,given the recent advances in AI and computing technology,LLMs are being incorporated into the model to better capture human intuition and instinct(and implicit processes in general),in order to further enhance Clarion.Integrating Clarion and LLMs can also help to develop AI systems that are more capable,more reliable,and more human-like.Overall,the paper advocates a multidisciplinary approach towards developing better models for cognitive science and for AI.
文摘The aim of this article is to present a unique interpretation of the holistic worldview,both in theory and in practice.It explores how this approach,along with a planning process fundamentally different from conventional methods,was implemented in the design and construction of the Music Center and Library in the city of Tel Aviv.This process forms a coherent representation of a complete worldview:a humanistic,holistic worldview developed and adopted through more than five decades of architectural practice across all scales of design.In this approach,a building is not regarded as a collection of isolated design elements,but as one hierarchical language,in which the building,its interior,and its ornamented details down to the handle of the door is one continuous system.Within this system,the building,its interior spaces,and even the smallest ornamental details,down to the door handles,are conceived as parts of a single,continuous whole.This worldview aligns with contemporary scientific discourse in fields such as cosmology,neurobiology,psychology,complexity theory,and Buddhist philosophy,disciplines with which this body of work is closely associated.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61806219,61876189 and 61703426)the Young Talent Fund of University Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China(Nos.20190108 and 20220106)the Innovation Talent Supporting Project of Shaanxi,China(No.2020KJXX-065).
文摘Modern air battlefield operations are characterized by flexibility and change, and the battlefield evolves rapidly and intricately. However, traditional air target intent recognition methods, which mainly rely on manually designed neural network models, find it difficult to maintain sustained and excellent performance in such a complex and changing environment. To address the problem of the adaptability of neural network models in complex environments, we propose a lightweight Transformer model(TransATIR) with a strong adaptive adjustment capability, based on the characteristics of air target intent recognition and the neural network architecture search technique. After conducting extensive experiments, it has been proved that TransATIR can efficiently extract the deep feature information from battlefield situation data by utilizing the neural architecture search algorithm, in order to quickly and accurately identify the real intention of the target. The experimental results indicate that TransATIR significantly improves recognition accuracy compared to the existing state-of-the-art methods, and also effectively reduces the computational complexity of the model.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)[Grant No.62072469].
文摘With the rapid development of 5G technology,the proportion of video traffic on the Internet is increasing,bringing pressure on the network infrastructure.Edge computing technology provides a feasible solution for optimizing video content distribution.However,the limited edge node cache capacity and dynamic user requests make edge caching more complex.Therefore,we propose a recommendation-driven edge Caching network architecture for the Full life cycle of video streaming(FlyCache)designed to improve users’Quality of Experience(QoE)and reduce backhaul traffic consumption.FlyCache implements intelligent caching management across three key stages:before-playback,during-playback,and after-playback.Specifically,we introduce a cache placement policy for the before-playback stage,a dynamic prefetching and cache admission policy for the during-playback stage,and a progressive cache eviction policy for the after-playback stage.To validate the effectiveness of FlyCache,we developed a user behavior-driven edge caching simulation framework incorporating recommendation mechanisms.Experiments conducted on the MovieLens and synthetic datasets demonstrate that FlyCache outperforms other caching strategies in terms of byte hit rate,backhaul traffic,and delayed startup rate.
文摘The flexible satellite batch production line is a complex discrete production system with multiple cross-disciplinary fields and mixed serial parallel tasks.As the source of the satellite batch production line process,the warehousing system has urgent needs such as uncertain production scale and rapid iteration and optimization of business processes.Therefore,the requirements and architecture of complex discrete warehousing systems such as flexible satellite batch production lines are studied.The physical system of intelligent equipment is abstracted as a digital model to form the underlying module,and a digital fusion framework of“business domain+middleware platform+intelligent equipment information model”is constructed.The granularity of microservice splitting is calculated based on the dynamic correlation relationship between user access instances and database table structures.The general warehousing functions of the platform are divided to achieve module customization,addition,and configuration.An open discrete warehousing system based on microservices is designed.Software architecture and design develop complex discrete warehousing systems based on the SpringCloud framework.This architecture achieves the decoupling of business logic and physical hardware,enhances the maintainability and scalability of the system,and greatly improves the system’s adaptability to different complex discrete warehousing business scenarios.
基金supported by funding from NIDCR(1R01DE027957)Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund(2022-MSCRFV-5782)the NSF GRFP and NCI(5R01CA237597-05,2R01CA196701-06A1).
文摘Calvarial nerves,along with vasculature,influence skull formation during development and following injury,but it remains unclear how calvarial nerves are spatially distributed during postnatal growth and aging.Studying the spatial distribution of nerves in the skull remains a challenge due to a lack of methods to quantify 3D structures in intact bone.To visualize calvarial 3D neurovascular architecture,we imaged nerves and endothelial cells with lightsheet microscopy.
文摘This article presents views on the future development of data science,with a particular focus on its importance to artificial intel-ligence(AI).After discussing the challenges of data science,it elu-cidates a possible approach to tackle these challenges by clarifying the logic and principles of data related to the multi-level complex-ity of the world.Finally,urgently required actions are briefly outlined.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32330094,U21A20233,323B2057)the Starry Night Science Fund of Zhejiang University Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study(Grant No.SN-ZJUSIAS-0011).
文摘Plants undergo dynamic morphological changes in response to fluctuating light conditions.Despite significant progress in elucidating the mechanisms of light signal transduction,the precise influence of light on the development and regulation of shoot architecture remains a central research question.Studies focusing on model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice suggest light modulates shoot architecture through intricate regulatory networks.However,the molecular mechanisms governing the diverse effects of light on horticultural crops are still poorly understood.This review primarily focuses on horticultural crops,integrating research on model plants,including Arabidopsis and rice,to provide an overview of the regulatory mechanisms of light signals in plant architectural development.It also explores the prospects for manipulating light environments in greenhouse management strategies.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(RS-2024-00340851)the Engineering Research Center Program of the National Science Foundation(NSF)under NSF Cooperative Agreement EEC-1449501.
文摘Characterizing the architecture of tree root systems is essential to advance the development of root-inspired anchorage in engineered systems.This study explores the structural root architectures of orchard trees to understand the interplays between the mechanical behavior of roots and the root architecture.Full three-dimensional(3D)models of natural tree root systems,Lovell,Marianna,and Myrobalan,that were extracted from the ground by vertical pullout are reconstructed through photogrammetry and later skeletonized as nodes and root branch segments.Combined analyses of the full 3D models and skeletonized models enable a detailed examination of basic bulk properties and quantification of architectural parameters.While the root segments are divided into three categories,trunk root,main lateral root,and remaining roots,the patterns in branching and diameter distributions show significant differences between the trunk and main laterals versus the remaining lateral roots.In general,the branching angle decreases over the sequence of bifurcations.The main lateral roots near the trunk show significant spreading while the lateral roots near the ends grow roughly parallel to the parent root.For branch length,the roots bifurcate more frequently near the trunk and later they grow longer.Local thickness analysis confirms that the root diameter decays at a higher rate near the trunk than in the remaining lateral roots,while the total cross-sectional area across a bifurcation node remains mostly conserved.The histograms of branching angle,and branch length and thickness gradient can be described using lognormal and exponential distributions,respectively.This unique study presents data to characterize mechanically important structural roots,which may help link root architecture to the mechanical behaviors of root structures.
基金the financial support from the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(grant no.2021GXNSFDA075012,2023GXNSFGA026002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104298,22075073,52362027,52462029)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(531107051077).
文摘Stress accumulation is a key factor leading to sodium storage performance deterioration for NiSe_(2)-based anodes.Therefore,inhibiting the concentrated local stress during the sodiataion/desodiation process is crucial for acquiring stable NiSe2-based materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),Herein,a stress dissipation strategy driven by architecture engineering is proposed,which can achieve ultrafast and ultralong sodium storage properties.Different from the conventional sphere-like or rod-like architecture,the three-dimensional(3D)flower-like NiSe_(2)@C composite is delicately designed and assembled with onedimensional nanorods and carbon framework.More importantly,the fundamental mechanism of improved structure stability is unveiled by simulations and experimental results simultaneously.It demonstrates that this designed multidimensional flower-like architecture with dispersed nanorods can balance the structural mismatch,avoid concentrated local strain,and relax the internal stress,mainly induced by the unavoidable volume variation during the repeated conversion processes.Moreover,it can provide more Na^(+)-storage sites and multi-directional migration pathways,leading to a fast Na^(+)-migration channel with boosted reaction kinetic.As expected,it delivers superior rate performance(441 mA h g^(-1)at 5.0 A g^(-1))and long cycling stability(563 mA h g^(-1)at 1.0 A g^(-1)over 1000 cycles)for SIBs.This work provides useful insights for designing high-performance conversion-based anode materials for SIBs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2303302,2022YFD2300803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160445)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-02-16).
文摘High-density planting increases maize yield but also canopy crowding and stalk lodging.Aiming this contradiction,a wavy canopy was created using interlaced chemical application(IC)of a plant growth retardant at the V14 stage with three densities(60,000,75,000,and 90,000 plants ha-1,indicated by D1,D2,and D3,respectively)for two seasons.The results showed that the IC-treated wavy canopy featuring both natural height(IC-H)and dwarfed(IC-L)plants,improved light transmission by 8.54%,8.49%,and 16.49%on average than the corresponding controls(CK)at D1,D2,and D3,respectively.The alleviation of canopy crowding stimulated leaf photosynthesis,sugar availability,basal-internode strength,and decreased plant lodging ratios in both IC-H and IC-L,particularly under higher densities.Meanwhile,the IC populations produced significantly higher yield than CK,with an average increase of 3.38%,16.70%,and 15.28%at D1,D2,and D3,respectively.Collectively,this study proposed a new wavy canopy strategy using plant growth retardant to simultaneously increase yield performance and lodging resistance,thus offering a sustainable solution for further development of high-density maize production.
