The AOD is by its very nature and purpose a large generator of CO_2.The total CO_2 emission from the process can be divided into two parts-the direct part which is proportional to the carbon removal from the metal and...The AOD is by its very nature and purpose a large generator of CO_2.The total CO_2 emission from the process can be divided into two parts-the direct part which is proportional to the carbon removal from the metal and the indirect part which is related to the consumption of additives such as reduction agents,slag formers and alloys. The production of the additives typically required for a heat causes large emissions of CO_2,in fact,often larger than what is generated from the direct part.By applying a real-time adaptive optimization of the oxygen to inert gas ratio over small time increments,the overall carbon removal efficiency is increased while the consumption of reduction agents and slag formers are decreased.This removes unnecessary production costs and minimizes the total emission of CO_2. In this paper a process concept with optimized gas administration over a large number of time increments is compared with a more traditional process practice.The work is based on industrially proven process models integrated in the UTCAS software package for converter management and control.Finally,this paper concludes on how the suggested process can be applied in actual plant operation.展开更多
对不锈钢AOD转炉精炼过程数学模拟作了初步研究,注意到该侧顶复吹精炼过程的物理和化学特性,考虑体系的质量和热量衡算,以及添加渣料、废钢、合金料等操作、精炼过程的不等温状态、钢液和熔渣质量的变化等因素的影响,提出了一个针对整...对不锈钢AOD转炉精炼过程数学模拟作了初步研究,注意到该侧顶复吹精炼过程的物理和化学特性,考虑体系的质量和热量衡算,以及添加渣料、废钢、合金料等操作、精炼过程的不等温状态、钢液和熔渣质量的变化等因素的影响,提出了一个针对整个精炼过程的数学模型。基于设计的操作模式,以该模型对120 t AOD转炉内奥氏体不锈钢的整个精炼过程,包括氧化(脱碳)和还原过程作了模拟和估算,与工艺设计给出的参照数据作了比较。展开更多
对不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼过程的数学模拟作了进一步研究,提出了一个新的数学模型.该模型大体仍基于预研究中对该过程所作的分析和假设,但按二维复合壁的瞬态导热分析了炉体的传热,对体系作了更全面和精确的热量衡算;按实际工艺更贴切地...对不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼过程的数学模拟作了进一步研究,提出了一个新的数学模型.该模型大体仍基于预研究中对该过程所作的分析和假设,但按二维复合壁的瞬态导热分析了炉体的传热,对体系作了更全面和精确的热量衡算;按实际工艺更贴切地考虑了整个精炼过程中各操作因素的影响.应用该模型于120 t AOD炉内28炉304型不锈钢的精炼,结果表明,该模型可精确估计整个吹炼过程中钢液成分和温度随时间的变化.氧化精炼期各元素间的竞争性氧化和氧的分配比,氩气搅拌和还原精炼期各氧化物的竞争性还原及其供氧率,均可用各反应的Gibbs自由能来表征和确定.对本工作条件下304型不锈钢的精炼,顶吹、侧吹和复吹脱碳过程的临界碳的质量分数(在该质量分数后,脱碳变为主要由钢液内碳的传质控制)分别在0.895%～0.942%,0.078%～0.224%,0.144%～0.255%范围内.由该模型的估计考察了一些因素对精炼效果的影响和吹炼工艺的优化.该模型可为不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼过程工艺的制定和优化及实时在线控制提供有用的信息和可靠的依据.展开更多
文摘The AOD is by its very nature and purpose a large generator of CO_2.The total CO_2 emission from the process can be divided into two parts-the direct part which is proportional to the carbon removal from the metal and the indirect part which is related to the consumption of additives such as reduction agents,slag formers and alloys. The production of the additives typically required for a heat causes large emissions of CO_2,in fact,often larger than what is generated from the direct part.By applying a real-time adaptive optimization of the oxygen to inert gas ratio over small time increments,the overall carbon removal efficiency is increased while the consumption of reduction agents and slag formers are decreased.This removes unnecessary production costs and minimizes the total emission of CO_2. In this paper a process concept with optimized gas administration over a large number of time increments is compared with a more traditional process practice.The work is based on industrially proven process models integrated in the UTCAS software package for converter management and control.Finally,this paper concludes on how the suggested process can be applied in actual plant operation.
文摘不锈钢厂采用铁水罐喷吹脱磷工艺为70 tAOD提供优质的低磷铁水冶炼400系列不锈钢,取代原电弧炉冶炼环节,实现了新型一步法冶炼不锈钢工艺。生产实践表明,铁水罐喷吹脱磷起始[P]为0.20%,处理后铁水[P]为0.001%~0.010%,[C]≥3.2%,温度≥1 320℃,完全满足后续AOD冶炼400系不锈钢的需要,与原70 t EAF-AOD流程相比,生产成本大幅降低。
文摘对不锈钢AOD转炉精炼过程数学模拟作了初步研究,注意到该侧顶复吹精炼过程的物理和化学特性,考虑体系的质量和热量衡算,以及添加渣料、废钢、合金料等操作、精炼过程的不等温状态、钢液和熔渣质量的变化等因素的影响,提出了一个针对整个精炼过程的数学模型。基于设计的操作模式,以该模型对120 t AOD转炉内奥氏体不锈钢的整个精炼过程,包括氧化(脱碳)和还原过程作了模拟和估算,与工艺设计给出的参照数据作了比较。
文摘对不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼过程的数学模拟作了进一步研究,提出了一个新的数学模型.该模型大体仍基于预研究中对该过程所作的分析和假设,但按二维复合壁的瞬态导热分析了炉体的传热,对体系作了更全面和精确的热量衡算;按实际工艺更贴切地考虑了整个精炼过程中各操作因素的影响.应用该模型于120 t AOD炉内28炉304型不锈钢的精炼,结果表明,该模型可精确估计整个吹炼过程中钢液成分和温度随时间的变化.氧化精炼期各元素间的竞争性氧化和氧的分配比,氩气搅拌和还原精炼期各氧化物的竞争性还原及其供氧率,均可用各反应的Gibbs自由能来表征和确定.对本工作条件下304型不锈钢的精炼,顶吹、侧吹和复吹脱碳过程的临界碳的质量分数(在该质量分数后,脱碳变为主要由钢液内碳的传质控制)分别在0.895%～0.942%,0.078%～0.224%,0.144%～0.255%范围内.由该模型的估计考察了一些因素对精炼效果的影响和吹炼工艺的优化.该模型可为不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼过程工艺的制定和优化及实时在线控制提供有用的信息和可靠的依据.
