This guideline summarizes evidence-based recommendations for cleansing and antisepsis in chronic wounds.It defines target populations,assessment and decision frameworks,preferred cleansing solutions and pressures,indi...This guideline summarizes evidence-based recommendations for cleansing and antisepsis in chronic wounds.It defines target populations,assessment and decision frameworks,preferred cleansing solutions and pressures,indications and limits for antiseptics,biofilm-oriented strategies,pain control,and adaptations for high-risk patients and low-resource settings.The aim is to optimize wound bed preparation,protect viable tissue,reduce infection and iatrogenic injury,and standardize outpatient and home-care practice.展开更多
The aim was to research fresh-keeping effects of natamycin on cold-pre- served grape. Red globe grapes were processed with compound coating liquid of chitosan with mass fraction at 1% and natamycin with mass fractions...The aim was to research fresh-keeping effects of natamycin on cold-pre- served grape. Red globe grapes were processed with compound coating liquid of chitosan with mass fraction at 1% and natamycin with mass fractions at 0.20% （T1）, 0.40% （T2） and 0.60% （T3）, respectively. Grapes processed with water （CK3） and 1% chitosan （CK2） were taken as control groups. Rotten rate, seed shattering rate, mass loss rate, respiratory intensity and related physiological quality in test and control groups were compared. The results indicated that respiratory intensity, mass loss rate, rotten rate and seed shattering rate in CK1 were all higher than those in CK2. In addition, T1, T2 and T3 were lower in the indices than CK1 and CK2, but still kept at a high level in fruit hardness. Furthermore, mass fractions of Vc and titratable acid declined more slowly in T1, T2 and T3, compared with CK1 and CK2. Natamycin better preserved grapes and prolonged storage period. In general, natamycin with mass fraction at 0.4% proved best in fresh-keeping.展开更多
Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain the most common health care associated infections in the surgical population. Preoperative surgical preparation solutions containing alcohol are believed to be best...Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain the most common health care associated infections in the surgical population. Preoperative surgical preparation solutions containing alcohol are believed to be best at eradicating skin microorganisms. The efficacy of alcohol is concentration dependant, with a concentration of greater than 60% most bactericidal. Surgical antisepsis guidelines do not stipulate how long alcoholic preparation solutions can be left out prior to use. Method: 30 ml of Alcoholic Iodine (Iodine 1% in Alcohol 70% (v/v)) and Alcoholic Chlorhexidine (Chlorhex-idine 2% in Alcohol 70% (v/v)) were left to stand in gallipots in an operating theatre equipped with laminar flow. Sam-ples were taken at 0, 30, 60 and 120 minutes and the alcohol content was analyzed. The experiment was repeated 3 times for each time interval. Results: The Alcoholic Iodine group demonstrated significant decrease in alcohol concen-tration, from a mean of 76% (SD 3.6) to a mean of 37.7% (SD 2.9) in only 30 minutes. This effect was sustained, reaching a mean concentration of 26% (SD 2.9) alcohol at 120 minutes. The Alcoholic Chlorhexidine group did not exhibit the same degree of concentration drop, the concentration dropped marginally to 71.5% (SD 2.7) at 120 minutes from 83.4% (SD 0.4). Conclusion: Alcoholic Iodine exhibits significant evaporation under operating room conditions after 30 minutes. Alcoholic Chlorhexidine does not appear to undergo similar losses in concentration. We recommend that alcoholic surgical preparation solutions must be poured immediately prior to use, and must be discarded if left un-covered for more than a few minutes.展开更多
Purpose: To compare the effect of chlorhexidine-alcohol and povidone iodine on surgical site infection (SSI) after caesarean section. Methodology: A randomized control trial of 374 patients (188 in the chlorhexidine-a...Purpose: To compare the effect of chlorhexidine-alcohol and povidone iodine on surgical site infection (SSI) after caesarean section. Methodology: A randomized control trial of 374 patients (188 in the chlorhexidine-alcohol group and 186 in the povidone iodine group) who had elective caesarean section with no overt risk for SSI was done. Patients were followed up until thirty days after delivery to assess for symptoms and signs of SSI. Results: Fifty-one (13.6%) of the study population developed SSI. Although the incidence of SSI was lower in the chlorhexidine-alcohol group than the povidone iodine group (12.2% vs. 15.1%;p = 0.26);the difference was not statistically significant. The incidence of adverse skin reaction in Chlorhexidine-alcohol vs. povidone iodine was also not statistically significant (4.0% vs. 5.4%;p = 0.40). Conclusion: The study demonstrates that there was no statistically significant difference in antiseptic property and side effect profile of chlorhexidine-alcohol and povidone-iodine when used as skin antisepsis in caesarean section.展开更多
Honey peach(Prunus persica)is easy to rot after picking because of its special property,and the damage of traditional preservation method to the ecological environment is unacceptable.Therefore,chitosan as a kind of e...Honey peach(Prunus persica)is easy to rot after picking because of its special property,and the damage of traditional preservation method to the ecological environment is unacceptable.Therefore,chitosan as a kind of environmental protection material with excellent performance has attracted people’s attention.Though chitosan has good practicability,its application in practical production is limited due to its poor water solubility.In this study,we prepared phenolic acid-g-chitosan using two synthesis methods of carbodiimide-mediated coupling reaction and free radical-mediated grafting procedure.After comparing the grafting rates of these conjugates,the results showed that using the synthetic method of carbodiimide-mediated coupling reaction through NHS and EDC as the coupling agent to graft phenolic acid onto chitosan had a good grafting ratio at a molar ratio of 1.5:1.Therefore,six phenolic acids were used for the first time to prepare conjugates through this method,and these conjugates were characterized by UV and NMR.It can significantly improve the water solubility and DPPH scavenging activity of chitosan,thus releasing its good properties and meeting the application of post-harvest preservation of honey peaches.The results indicate the antisepsis and fresh-keeping effects of six conjugates showed that preservative paper containing 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-g-CS has the best effect of inhibited decay index and weight loss when peach fruits were stored at 20±5℃ under 40%-60% humidity for 8 days.Thus,the water-soluble conjugate prepared by grafting phenolic acid onto chitosan can enhance the market application range of chitosan.展开更多
文摘This guideline summarizes evidence-based recommendations for cleansing and antisepsis in chronic wounds.It defines target populations,assessment and decision frameworks,preferred cleansing solutions and pressures,indications and limits for antiseptics,biofilm-oriented strategies,pain control,and adaptations for high-risk patients and low-resource settings.The aim is to optimize wound bed preparation,protect viable tissue,reduce infection and iatrogenic injury,and standardize outpatient and home-care practice.
文摘The aim was to research fresh-keeping effects of natamycin on cold-pre- served grape. Red globe grapes were processed with compound coating liquid of chitosan with mass fraction at 1% and natamycin with mass fractions at 0.20% （T1）, 0.40% （T2） and 0.60% （T3）, respectively. Grapes processed with water （CK3） and 1% chitosan （CK2） were taken as control groups. Rotten rate, seed shattering rate, mass loss rate, respiratory intensity and related physiological quality in test and control groups were compared. The results indicated that respiratory intensity, mass loss rate, rotten rate and seed shattering rate in CK1 were all higher than those in CK2. In addition, T1, T2 and T3 were lower in the indices than CK1 and CK2, but still kept at a high level in fruit hardness. Furthermore, mass fractions of Vc and titratable acid declined more slowly in T1, T2 and T3, compared with CK1 and CK2. Natamycin better preserved grapes and prolonged storage period. In general, natamycin with mass fraction at 0.4% proved best in fresh-keeping.
文摘Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain the most common health care associated infections in the surgical population. Preoperative surgical preparation solutions containing alcohol are believed to be best at eradicating skin microorganisms. The efficacy of alcohol is concentration dependant, with a concentration of greater than 60% most bactericidal. Surgical antisepsis guidelines do not stipulate how long alcoholic preparation solutions can be left out prior to use. Method: 30 ml of Alcoholic Iodine (Iodine 1% in Alcohol 70% (v/v)) and Alcoholic Chlorhexidine (Chlorhex-idine 2% in Alcohol 70% (v/v)) were left to stand in gallipots in an operating theatre equipped with laminar flow. Sam-ples were taken at 0, 30, 60 and 120 minutes and the alcohol content was analyzed. The experiment was repeated 3 times for each time interval. Results: The Alcoholic Iodine group demonstrated significant decrease in alcohol concen-tration, from a mean of 76% (SD 3.6) to a mean of 37.7% (SD 2.9) in only 30 minutes. This effect was sustained, reaching a mean concentration of 26% (SD 2.9) alcohol at 120 minutes. The Alcoholic Chlorhexidine group did not exhibit the same degree of concentration drop, the concentration dropped marginally to 71.5% (SD 2.7) at 120 minutes from 83.4% (SD 0.4). Conclusion: Alcoholic Iodine exhibits significant evaporation under operating room conditions after 30 minutes. Alcoholic Chlorhexidine does not appear to undergo similar losses in concentration. We recommend that alcoholic surgical preparation solutions must be poured immediately prior to use, and must be discarded if left un-covered for more than a few minutes.
文摘Purpose: To compare the effect of chlorhexidine-alcohol and povidone iodine on surgical site infection (SSI) after caesarean section. Methodology: A randomized control trial of 374 patients (188 in the chlorhexidine-alcohol group and 186 in the povidone iodine group) who had elective caesarean section with no overt risk for SSI was done. Patients were followed up until thirty days after delivery to assess for symptoms and signs of SSI. Results: Fifty-one (13.6%) of the study population developed SSI. Although the incidence of SSI was lower in the chlorhexidine-alcohol group than the povidone iodine group (12.2% vs. 15.1%;p = 0.26);the difference was not statistically significant. The incidence of adverse skin reaction in Chlorhexidine-alcohol vs. povidone iodine was also not statistically significant (4.0% vs. 5.4%;p = 0.40). Conclusion: The study demonstrates that there was no statistically significant difference in antiseptic property and side effect profile of chlorhexidine-alcohol and povidone-iodine when used as skin antisepsis in caesarean section.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31860100).
文摘Honey peach(Prunus persica)is easy to rot after picking because of its special property,and the damage of traditional preservation method to the ecological environment is unacceptable.Therefore,chitosan as a kind of environmental protection material with excellent performance has attracted people’s attention.Though chitosan has good practicability,its application in practical production is limited due to its poor water solubility.In this study,we prepared phenolic acid-g-chitosan using two synthesis methods of carbodiimide-mediated coupling reaction and free radical-mediated grafting procedure.After comparing the grafting rates of these conjugates,the results showed that using the synthetic method of carbodiimide-mediated coupling reaction through NHS and EDC as the coupling agent to graft phenolic acid onto chitosan had a good grafting ratio at a molar ratio of 1.5:1.Therefore,six phenolic acids were used for the first time to prepare conjugates through this method,and these conjugates were characterized by UV and NMR.It can significantly improve the water solubility and DPPH scavenging activity of chitosan,thus releasing its good properties and meeting the application of post-harvest preservation of honey peaches.The results indicate the antisepsis and fresh-keeping effects of six conjugates showed that preservative paper containing 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-g-CS has the best effect of inhibited decay index and weight loss when peach fruits were stored at 20±5℃ under 40%-60% humidity for 8 days.Thus,the water-soluble conjugate prepared by grafting phenolic acid onto chitosan can enhance the market application range of chitosan.
