Antibiotics are widespread in aquatic environments due to their extensive use in human healthcare and ani-mal husbandry.However,research on the occurrence and bioaccumulation of antibiotics in aquatic organisms within...Antibiotics are widespread in aquatic environments due to their extensive use in human healthcare and ani-mal husbandry.However,research on the occurrence and bioaccumulation of antibiotics in aquatic organisms within shallow wetland lakes remains limited.This study investigated the occurrence and bioaccumulation of ten commonly used antibiotics in the Baiyang Lake,northern China’s largest shallow wetland lake.The results indicated that sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones were the predominant antibiotics in surface water,whereas fluoroquinolones and macrolides were more prevalent in sediment.Fluoroquinolones demonstrated significant potential for bioaccumulation in targeted aquatic organisms,including both animals and plants(Carassius au-ratus and Phragmites australis).The bioaccumulation of antibiotics in Carassius auratus was correlated with their solubility,whereas in Phragmites australis,this was associated with their octanol-water partition coefficients and molecular weights.Ecological risk assessment indicated that most antibiotics posed minimal to low risk levels.However,four antibiotics were exceptions:clarithromycin(12.5%)and sulfamethoxazole(6.25%)presented a high risk in surface water samples,while norfloxacin(25.0%)and ciprofloxacin(25.0%)posed a high risk in sediment samples.Norfloxacin,ciprofloxacin,and roxithromycin were identified as key indicator antibiotics for enhancing the local monitoring and control of antibiotic contamination based on four criteria:(1)high con-centrations,(2)frequent detection,(3)capacity for bioaccumulation,and(4)ecological risk levels.This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the status of antibiotic contamination,bioaccumulation characteristics,and ecological risk in Baiyang Lake,thereby supporting efforts to monitor and regulate antibiotic pollution.展开更多
Agricultural soil is related to food security and human health,antibiotics and heavy metals(HMs),as two typical pollutants,possess a high coexistence rate in the environmental medium,which is extremely prone to induci...Agricultural soil is related to food security and human health,antibiotics and heavy metals(HMs),as two typical pollutants,possess a high coexistence rate in the environmental medium,which is extremely prone to inducing antibiotic-HMs combined pollution.Recently,frequent human activities have led to more prominent antibiotics-HMs combined contamination in agricultural soils,especially the production and spread of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs),heavy metal resistance genes(MRGs),antibiotic resistant bacteria(ARB),and antibiotics-HMs complexes(AMCs),which seriously threaten soil ecology and human health.This review describes the main sources(Intrinsic and manmade sources),composite mechanisms(co-selective resistance,oxidative stress,and Joint toxicity mechanism),environmental fate and the potential risks(soil ecological and human health risks)of antibiotics and HMs in agricultural soils.Finally,the current effective source blocking,transmission control,and attenuation strategies are classified for discussion,such as the application of additives and barrier materials,as well as plant and animal remediation and bioremediation,etc.,pointing out that future research should focus on the whole chain process of“source-processterminal”,intending to provide a theoretical basis and decision-making reference for future research.展开更多
Solar-driven Fenton-like reactions are promising strategies for degrading pharmaceutical wastewater to address environmental challenges and antibiotic pollution.However,its efficacy is limited by suboptimal light abso...Solar-driven Fenton-like reactions are promising strategies for degrading pharmaceutical wastewater to address environmental challenges and antibiotic pollution.However,its efficacy is limited by suboptimal light absorption efficiency,rapid charge recombination,and inadequate interfacial charge transfer.In this study,an inorganic/organic S-scheme photo-Fenton system of pseudobrookite/carbon nitride(FTOCN)was synthesized via a hydrothermally coupled calcination process for the effective purification of tetracycline antibiotics under visible-light irradiation.The optimized FTOCN-2 heterostructure exhibits a significantly enhanced TC degradation capacity of 90%within 60 min.The rate constant of FTOCN-2 is 1.6 and 5.2 times greater than those of FTO and CN,respectively.Furthermore,FTOCN exhibits high antibacterial efficacy,highlighting its potential application in the purification of natural water.Measurements via a range of analytical techniques,including Kelvin probe force microscopy,density functional theory calculations,in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy,corroborate the S-scheme mechanism.This study provides a novel perspective for the development of photo-Fenton systems with S-scheme heterojunctions for water purification.展开更多
As antibiotic pollutants cannot be incompletely removed by conventional wastewater treatment plants,ultraviolet(UV)based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)such as UV/persulfate(UV/PS)and UV/chlorine are increasingly c...As antibiotic pollutants cannot be incompletely removed by conventional wastewater treatment plants,ultraviolet(UV)based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)such as UV/persulfate(UV/PS)and UV/chlorine are increasingly concerned for the effective removal of antibiotics from wastewaters.However,the specific mechanisms involving degradation kinetics and transformation mechanisms are not well elucidated.Here we report a detailed examination of SO_(4)•−/Cl•-mediated degradation kinetics,products,and toxicities of sulfathiazole(ST),sarafloxacin(SAR),and lomefloxacin(LOM)in the two processes.Both SO_(4)•−/Cl•-mediated transformation kinetics were found to be dependent on pH(P<0.05),which was attributed to the disparate reactivities of their individual dissociated forms.Based on competition kinetic experiments and matrix calculations,the cationic forms(H_(2)ST^(+),H_(2)SAR^(+),and H_(2)LOM^(+))were more highly reactive towards SO_(4)•−in most cases,while the neutral forms(e.g.,HSAR^(0)and HLOM^(0))reacted the fastest with Cl•for the most of the antibiotics tested.Based on the identification of 31 key intermediates using tandem mass spectrometry,these reactions generated different products,of which the majority still retained the core chemical structure of the parent compounds.The corresponding diverse transformation pathways were proposed,involving S−N breaking,hydroxylation,defluorination,and chlorination reactions.Furthermore,the toxicity changes of their reaction solutions as well as the toxicity of each intermediate were evaluated by the vibrio fischeri and ECOSAR model,respectively.Many primary by-products were proven to be more toxic than the parent chemicals,raising the wider issue of extended potency for these compounds with regards to their ecotoxicity.These results have implications for assessing the degradative fate and risk of these chemicals during the AOPs.展开更多
Production of synthetic antibiotics has rapidly expanded to meet the increasing demands in human healthcare,animal husbandry,and agriculture.Meanwhile,however,substantial quantities of untreated antibiotics entered th...Production of synthetic antibiotics has rapidly expanded to meet the increasing demands in human healthcare,animal husbandry,and agriculture.Meanwhile,however,substantial quantities of untreated antibiotics entered the agricultural environment through animal waste,reclaimed wastewater,or biosolids.The existence of drugs in farmland will not only have adverse effects on plant growth and productivity but also lead to antibiotics accumulation and drug resistance.To address this emerging drug contamination issue,this article conducts an indepth and comprehensive analysis of the research on antibiotic pollution in cropland and crops within 20 years.In this article,the bioaccumulation mechanisms of antibiotic in crops were systematically analyzed and discussed,with emphasis on the effects of important influencing factors such as the physico-chemical properties of antibiotics,cultivation environment,and plant morphology.Additionally,this article briefly discusses the various antibiotic extraction and analytical methods,as well as calculation indexes on human risk assessment.At last,the author further analyzed the environmental challenge of antibiotic resistance and provided insights into pollution remediation pathways for future research.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to promote the rational use of special use level of antibiotics in clinic and delay the emergence of drug resistance.[Methods]The application of antibiotics for special use among i...[Objectives]This study was conducted to promote the rational use of special use level of antibiotics in clinic and delay the emergence of drug resistance.[Methods]The application of antibiotics for special use among inpatients of a hospital in 2019 was analyzed.The data in the drug information management system of the hospital were queried,and the collected expert consultation records of special-use antibiotics were sorted out.Indicators including the use rate of special-use antibiotics,antibiotic use density(AUD),defined daily dose system(DDDs)and defined daily dose system cost(DDDc)of each drug,the annual pathogen detection rate,disease distribution and pathogenic microorganism detection were summarized and analyzed for inpatients in the hospital retrospectively.[Results]In 2019,the average annual use rate of special-use antibiotics in the hospital was 1.53%,and the average annual use density was 1.59 DDDs.The antibiotics with the top three DDDs were imipenem and cilastatin,meropenem and cefepime.The antibiotics with the top three DDDc were voriconazole dispersible tablets,voriconazole for injection,and meropenem for injection.The average annual detection rate of microorganisms was 85.77%.The diseases were mainly diagnosed as respiratory infections such as pneumonia and secondary infections after radiotherapy and chemotherapy before medication,and the detected pathogens were mainly Candida and its subspecies,Escherichia coli,and Klebsiella and its subspecies.[Conclusions]The clinical use of special-use antibiotics in the hospital was basically reasonable,but there were still some problems.It is necessary to increase management efforts,strengthen training for relevant medical personnel,and provide management ideas for further standardizing the use of antibiotics in the hospital.展开更多
This article first outlines the fundamental definitions of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and the basic principles of antibiotics. It then analyzes and discusses the progress in antibiotic application and time-eff ect studies ...This article first outlines the fundamental definitions of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and the basic principles of antibiotics. It then analyzes and discusses the progress in antibiotic application and time-eff ect studies for neonatal pneumonia treatment, specifically comparing conventional antibiotic therapy with stepwise treatment regimens, and contrasting monotherapy with penicillin, monotherapy with cephalosporins, and combination therapy. Finally, it offers a prospective outlook on antibiotic application and time-effect research in neonatal pneumonia treatment, aiming to provide valuable reference for further scholarly investigations.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the positive impact of pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period on the rational use of antibiotics.Methods:A total of 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery betwe...Objective:To analyze the positive impact of pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period on the rational use of antibiotics.Methods:A total of 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery between March and June 2023 were selected as the control group,receiving routine medication management.Another 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery between July and October 2023 were selected as the observation group,receiving pharmaceutical care.The rationality of medication use,mastery of medication knowledge,medication compliance,and adverse reaction rates were compared between the two groups.Results:The observation group had higher rationality of medication use,higher scores for mastery of medication knowledge,higher medication compliance,and a lower adverse reaction rate compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of antibiotic therapy and pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period can improve the rationality of medication use,enhance patients’mastery of medication knowledge,increase their medication compliance,and prevent adverse reactions to antibiotics.展开更多
Plant-based milk is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids,polyphenols and other bioactive compounds.This study investigated the effect of 3 plant-based milk(flaxseed milk,oat milk and soy milk)on the ceftriaxone-induced...Plant-based milk is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids,polyphenols and other bioactive compounds.This study investigated the effect of 3 plant-based milk(flaxseed milk,oat milk and soy milk)on the ceftriaxone-induced intestinal disorders,and compared the regulation patterns associated with gut microbiome and metabolome.The results showed plant-based milk alleviated the ceftriaxone caused cecum swelling,colonic tissue damage and intestinal microecological disorders.Meanwhile,administered plant-based milk decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine(tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and oxidative stresses(malondialdehyde(MDA)and myeloperoxidase(MPO)in the colon,as well as increasing the levels of tight junction proteins(Occludin,Claudin-1,and ZO-1)in the colon.Moreover,administration of plant-based milk modulated the intestinal microbiota by promoting the relative levels of beneficial bacteria(Bifidobacterium),and inhibiting the harmful bacteria genus(Enterococcus).Furthermore,plant-based milk treatment significantly modulated glycerophospholipids metabolism(e.g.glycerophosphocholine)and arachidonic acid metabolism(e.g.prostaglandin G2 and arachidonic acid)in the serum.In conclusion,plant-based milk could alleviate antibiotic-related imbalance of barrier function damage,gut microbiota disorders and the reduction of metabolic disorders,which lays a foundation for exploring anti-inflammatory and intestinal micro-ecological approach to plant-based milk.展开更多
The widespread occurrence of antibiotics in urban rivers has raised global concerns for ecological security.Quantitative source-specific risk apportionment of antibiotics is crucial for targeted and effective ecologic...The widespread occurrence of antibiotics in urban rivers has raised global concerns for ecological security.Quantitative source-specific risk apportionment of antibiotics is crucial for targeted and effective ecological risk management,but is rarely studied.In this study,a source-specific ecological risk apportionment model for antibiotics was developed by combining the ecological risk quotient(RQ)method and the positive matrix factorization(PMF)model.Based on twenty-two antibiotics in sixty-five water samples from thirteen sites in Beijing in wet and dry seasons,the spatial variation and probabilistic distribution of ecological risk associated with antibiotics were analyzed,and source-specific ecological risk was evaluated.Results showed that for the sum of all antibiotics,the mean concentration of all samples was 671.48 ng/L,and the lower limit of the 90%confidence interval of RQs was more than ten times the threshold for the high-risk level.The main sources were identified as domestic sewage,pharmaceutical wastewater and livestock discharge.It should be noted that higher contributions to antibiotic concentrations from sources do not always result in higher levels of ecological risk.Domestic sewage and livestock discharge contributed roughly equivalent amounts(36.17%and 37.59%,respectively)to antibiotic concentrations.However,domestic sewage was the most dominant source for risk(63.30%),and livestock discharge only contributed 7.37%to risk.The study found that evaluating the source-specific ecological risk associated with antibiotics is essential in addition to identifying their sources.The source-specific ecological risk apportionment model developed in this study is also referential for related studies.展开更多
In this article, we have addressed the recent published article by Wang et al whichexamines risk factors associated with surgical site infections (SSIs) and evaluatesthe effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in th...In this article, we have addressed the recent published article by Wang et al whichexamines risk factors associated with surgical site infections (SSIs) and evaluatesthe effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in their prevention. Wang et al identifiedseveral significant risk factors of SSIs, including age ≥ 60 years, diabetesmellitus, and surgical complications such as insufficient cystic duct stump closure,gallbladder perforation, empyema, and postoperative hematoma. Their findingssuggest that prophylactic antibiotics can serve as a protective factor against SSIs.However, other reported risk factors and preventive strategies warrant considerationto further reduce the incidence of SSIs, lower healthcare costs, and enhancepatient outcomes. Additionally, the judicious use of prophylactic antibioticsis crucial in light of the growing global challenge of antibiotic resistance caused bythe misuse and overuse of antibiotics. Effective management strategies forprophylactic antibiotic use should be prioritized to balance infection control withthe need to combat antimicrobial resistance.展开更多
The land application of livestock manure has been widely acknowledged as a beneficial approach for nutrient recycling and environmental protection.However,the impact of residual antibiotics,a common contaminant of man...The land application of livestock manure has been widely acknowledged as a beneficial approach for nutrient recycling and environmental protection.However,the impact of residual antibiotics,a common contaminant of manure,on the degradation of organic compounds and nutrient release in Eutric Regosol is not well understood.Here,we studied,how oxytetracycline(OTC)and ciprofloxacin(CIP)affect the decomposition,microbial community structure,extracellular enzyme activities and nutrient release from cattle and pig manure using litterbag incubation experiments.Results showed that OTC and CIP greatly inhibited livestock manure decomposition,causing a decreased rate of carbon(28%-87%),nitrogen(15%-44%)and phosphorus(26%-43%)release.The relative abundance of gramnegative(G-)bacteria was reduced by 4.0%-13%while fungi increased by 7.0%-71%during a 28-day incubation period.Co-occurrence network analysis showed that antibiotic exposure disrupted microbial interactions,particularly among G-bacteria,G+bacteria,and actinomycetes.These changes in microbial community structure and function resulted in decreased activity of urease,β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase,alkaline protease,chitinase,and catalase,causing reduced decomposition and nutrient release in cattle and pig ma-nures.These findings advance our understanding of decomposition and nutrient recycling from manure-contaminated antibiotics,which will help facilitate sustainable agricultural production and soil carbon sequestration.展开更多
Inappropriate use of antibiotics leads to microbial resistance.Single-dose antibio-tic prophylaxis prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy is well known for reducing the risk of postoperative infection in high-risk pati...Inappropriate use of antibiotics leads to microbial resistance.Single-dose antibio-tic prophylaxis prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy is well known for reducing the risk of postoperative infection in high-risk patients despite some conflicting aspects.High-risk patients are those who are older than 70 years,have diabetes mellitus,whose operation time exceeded 120 minutes,have acute cholecystitis,experienced iatrogenic intraoperative gallbladder perforation resulting in bile or gallstone spillage,suffered from obstructive jaundice,or were deemed immuno-compromised.For gallbladder perforation,one dose of antibiotic prophylaxis is sufficient.Therefore,guidelines are needed and must be strictly followed.Prophy-lactic treatment is not needed for patients at low risk of developing sepsis fo-llowing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy,although the opposite is suppor-ted.Similarly,superficial surgical infections are related to low morbidity.Patients without risk factors have a very low risk of infection.Thus,the routine use of anti-biotic prophylaxis in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy is not recommended.展开更多
BACKGROUND Surgical site infections(SSIs)are a significant complication in laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC),affecting patient outcomes and healthcare costs.AIM To identify risk factors associated with SSIs and evaluat...BACKGROUND Surgical site infections(SSIs)are a significant complication in laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC),affecting patient outcomes and healthcare costs.AIM To identify risk factors associated with SSIs and evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in reducing these infections.METHODS A comprehensive retrospective evaluation was conducted on 400 patients who underwent LC from January 2022 to January 2024.Patients were divided into infected(n=36)and non-infected(n=364)groups based on the occurrence of SSIs.Data collected included age,diabetes mellitus status,use of prophylactic antibiotics,and specific surgical complications.Statistical analyses using SPSS(Version 27.0)involved univariate and multivariate logistic regression to determine factors influencing the risk of SSIs.RESULTS The use of prophylactic antibiotics significantly reduced the incidence of SSIs(χ²=68.34,P<0.01).Older age(≥60 years)and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus were identified as significant risk factors.Surgical complications like insufficient cystic duct stump,gallbladder perforation,and empyema also increased SSI risk.Notably,factors such as intraoperative blood loss and operation time did not significantly impact SSI occurrence.CONCLUSION Prophylactic antibiotics are effective in reducing the risk of SSIs in patients undergoing LC.Age,diabetes mellitus,and certain surgical complications significantly contribute to the risk.Effective management of these risk factors is essential to improve surgical outcomes and reduce the incidence of SSIs.展开更多
Both the broad-spectrum bactericidal properties of disinfectants and the inhibitory effects of antibiotics pose potential threats to the activity,functionality,and probiotic properties of Lactid acid bacteria(LAB).The...Both the broad-spectrum bactericidal properties of disinfectants and the inhibitory effects of antibiotics pose potential threats to the activity,functionality,and probiotic properties of Lactid acid bacteria(LAB).Therefore,it is essential to systematically evaluate the tolerance of lactic acid bacteria to common disinfectants and antibiotics.This study assessed 60 LAB strains isolated from the fermented foods for their tolerance to seven disinfectants and nine antibiotics.The results indicated that,compared to pathogenic bacteria,most LAB exhibited stronger tolerance to disinfectants.Sub-inhibitory concentrations of disinfectants inhibited biofilm formation in most LAB,while sub-inhibitory concentrations of glutaraldehyde tended to promote biofilm formation.This suggests that commonly used disinfectants can eliminate pathogenic bacteria without killing LAB,providing guidance for disinfectant use.LAB were highly sensitive to ampicillin and chloramphenicol,while showing some tolerance to norfloxacin,polymyxin,and sulfamethoxazole.This indicates LAB have a notable antibiotic resistance profile,which includes both natural resistance characteristics and instances of acquired resistance,along with multiple drug resistance and cross-resistance between antibiotics and disinfectants.This study provides an important guidance for disinfection practices in industrial utilizing LAB,such as food and biomedicine,and offers a reference for the use of antibiotics.展开更多
Piezocatalytic technology demonstrates significant potential for effectively degrading pollutants and facilitating green chemical reactions,indicating promising development prospects.In this study,multi-flaw MoS_(2) n...Piezocatalytic technology demonstrates significant potential for effectively degrading pollutants and facilitating green chemical reactions,indicating promising development prospects.In this study,multi-flaw MoS_(2) nanosheets were synthesized via a hydrothermal method,and CuS nanoparticles were loaded onto their surface to form CuS/MoS_(2) piezocatalysts.The 40%CuS/MoS_(2) nanocomposite achieved an 86%degradation rate of TC under low-power(100 W,40 kHz)ultrasonic irradiation,which are 1.53 and 1.75 times higher than that of pure MoS_(2) and CuS,respectively.Furthermore,piezoresponse force microscopy(PFM)confirmed the excellent piezocatalytic performance of the composite material.The piezocurrent images revealed a significant enhancement in the piezoelectric properties of 40%CuS/MoS_(2),which is attributed to the construction of the CuS/MoS_(2) heterojunction promoting the separation of electrons and holes.This research provides a novel conceptual framework for enhancing the performance of piezocatalytic degradation.展开更多
Antibiotics,as emerging pollutants,pose significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health by disrupting the endocrine systems of aquatic organisms and affecting ecosystem stability through food chain enrichment...Antibiotics,as emerging pollutants,pose significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health by disrupting the endocrine systems of aquatic organisms and affecting ecosystem stability through food chain enrichment.In a study conducted in Hebei Province,China,liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry(LC-TQ-LIT-MS)was used to analyze 90 different antibiotics in 31 water samples,including surface water,groundwater,and waste leachate from three urban landfills.This analysis included hormones,broad-spectrum antimicrobials,macrolides,tetracyclines,β-lactams,sulfonamides,and quinolones.The study’s results indicated that quinolones,β-lactams,and macrolides were the most frequently detected substances in the landfills.It is noteworthy that the concentrations of these antibiotics varied significantly among different cities,reflecting local production and living characteristics.The results of the tests showed that the concentration of amoxicillin was 1171 ng/L in surface water,811 ng/L in groundwater,and 1926 ng/L of ciprofloxacin in waste leachate.Furthermore,a consistent pattern was observed between the compounds present in the leachate,groundwater,and surface water at the three sites.Risk assessments revealed that the ecological risk was higher for surface water and lower for groundwater.This study is the first to systematically analyze the pollution status of antibiotics and hormones in the water around the landfill in Hebei Province,which not only fills the blank of groundwater-related research in Hebei Province but also provides key data support and theoretical basis for local groundwater hydrological and environmental detection and pollution prevention.展开更多
It has been challenging for Fe(Ⅲ)regeneration in Fe-based photocatalysts for continuous peroxydisulfate(PDS)activation due to the lower ability to reduce Fe(Ⅲ).In this work,Fe-doped ultrathin VO_(2)(Fe-VO_(2))nanobe...It has been challenging for Fe(Ⅲ)regeneration in Fe-based photocatalysts for continuous peroxydisulfate(PDS)activation due to the lower ability to reduce Fe(Ⅲ).In this work,Fe-doped ultrathin VO_(2)(Fe-VO_(2))nanobelts were synthesized for purifying metronidazole(MNZ)via PDS activation.As an efficient Fentonlike catalyst for PDS activation,2 wt%Fe-doped VO_(2)can remove 98%of MNZ within 40 min and exhibits impressive recyclability.The synergistic effect of Fe-VO_(2)and Fe(Ⅲ)activated PDS boosted the photocatalytic performance.Moreover,SO_(4)•^(−),h+,O_(2)•^(−),^(1)O_(2),and•OH were the main reactive radicals.The effects of initial MNZ concentration,Fe-VO_(2),PDS dosage,and various anions/cations on MNZ removal by the Fe-VO_(2)/PDS/Vis system were studied.The intermediates of MNZ degradation and possible pathways were determined by density function theory(DFT)calculations and HPLC-MS.This study provided a sustainable technology using Fe-doped ultrathin VO_(2)nanobelts for photocatalytic PDS activation and decontamination of pharmaceutical wastewater.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the effect of pharmacist-led rational drug use management of antibiotics during the perioperative period in gynecology.Methods:Two hundred patients who underwent gynecological surgery between Marc...Objective:To analyze the effect of pharmacist-led rational drug use management of antibiotics during the perioperative period in gynecology.Methods:Two hundred patients who underwent gynecological surgery between March 2023 and December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups.In the experimental group,the pharmacist led the medication management during the perioperative use of antibiotics,while the control group received routine antibiotic management.The management effects were compared between the two groups.Results:The irrational drug use rate,the incidence of adverse drug reactions,the cost of antibiotics,and the incidence of postoperative infection were all lower in the experimental group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing pharmacist-led medication management during the perioperative period of gynecological surgery can prevent irrational drug use,reduce adverse drug reactions,control drug costs,and lower the risk of postoperative infection.展开更多
Objective:To explore the adverse reactions associated with antibiotics and analyze strategies for their rational use.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients who experienced adverse reactions to a...Objective:To explore the adverse reactions associated with antibiotics and analyze strategies for their rational use.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients who experienced adverse reactions to antibiotics between August 2021 and August 2023.The types of antibiotics that caused adverse reactions were analyzed,and the symptoms of adverse reactions and measures for rational use of antibiotics were summarized.Results:Among the analyzed cases of adverse reactions to antibiotics,the highest rate was observed in patients aged 61–75 years,accounting for 38.33%,followed by patients aged 51–60 years,accounting for 20.00%.In terms of the types of antibiotics that caused adverse reactions,cephalosporins were the most common,accounting for 40.00%,followed by penicillins,accounting for 18.33%.Analysis of the systems involved in adverse reactions showed that skin and appendage disorders were the most common,accounting for 36.67%,followed by the digestive system,accounting for 28.33%.Conclusion:Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to adverse drug reactions.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze strategies for the rational use of antibiotics to reduce adverse drug reactions and ensure the safety of antibiotic use.展开更多
基金supported by Hebei Natural Science Foundation(No.JZX2023018)Hebei Natural Science Foundation(No.C2022201042)the 100 Foreign Experts Plans of Hebei Province(No.606080123001).
文摘Antibiotics are widespread in aquatic environments due to their extensive use in human healthcare and ani-mal husbandry.However,research on the occurrence and bioaccumulation of antibiotics in aquatic organisms within shallow wetland lakes remains limited.This study investigated the occurrence and bioaccumulation of ten commonly used antibiotics in the Baiyang Lake,northern China’s largest shallow wetland lake.The results indicated that sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones were the predominant antibiotics in surface water,whereas fluoroquinolones and macrolides were more prevalent in sediment.Fluoroquinolones demonstrated significant potential for bioaccumulation in targeted aquatic organisms,including both animals and plants(Carassius au-ratus and Phragmites australis).The bioaccumulation of antibiotics in Carassius auratus was correlated with their solubility,whereas in Phragmites australis,this was associated with their octanol-water partition coefficients and molecular weights.Ecological risk assessment indicated that most antibiotics posed minimal to low risk levels.However,four antibiotics were exceptions:clarithromycin(12.5%)and sulfamethoxazole(6.25%)presented a high risk in surface water samples,while norfloxacin(25.0%)and ciprofloxacin(25.0%)posed a high risk in sediment samples.Norfloxacin,ciprofloxacin,and roxithromycin were identified as key indicator antibiotics for enhancing the local monitoring and control of antibiotic contamination based on four criteria:(1)high con-centrations,(2)frequent detection,(3)capacity for bioaccumulation,and(4)ecological risk levels.This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the status of antibiotic contamination,bioaccumulation characteristics,and ecological risk in Baiyang Lake,thereby supporting efforts to monitor and regulate antibiotic pollution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32171615)the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFC1804102)。
文摘Agricultural soil is related to food security and human health,antibiotics and heavy metals(HMs),as two typical pollutants,possess a high coexistence rate in the environmental medium,which is extremely prone to inducing antibiotic-HMs combined pollution.Recently,frequent human activities have led to more prominent antibiotics-HMs combined contamination in agricultural soils,especially the production and spread of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs),heavy metal resistance genes(MRGs),antibiotic resistant bacteria(ARB),and antibiotics-HMs complexes(AMCs),which seriously threaten soil ecology and human health.This review describes the main sources(Intrinsic and manmade sources),composite mechanisms(co-selective resistance,oxidative stress,and Joint toxicity mechanism),environmental fate and the potential risks(soil ecological and human health risks)of antibiotics and HMs in agricultural soils.Finally,the current effective source blocking,transmission control,and attenuation strategies are classified for discussion,such as the application of additives and barrier materials,as well as plant and animal remediation and bioremediation,etc.,pointing out that future research should focus on the whole chain process of“source-processterminal”,intending to provide a theoretical basis and decision-making reference for future research.
文摘Solar-driven Fenton-like reactions are promising strategies for degrading pharmaceutical wastewater to address environmental challenges and antibiotic pollution.However,its efficacy is limited by suboptimal light absorption efficiency,rapid charge recombination,and inadequate interfacial charge transfer.In this study,an inorganic/organic S-scheme photo-Fenton system of pseudobrookite/carbon nitride(FTOCN)was synthesized via a hydrothermally coupled calcination process for the effective purification of tetracycline antibiotics under visible-light irradiation.The optimized FTOCN-2 heterostructure exhibits a significantly enhanced TC degradation capacity of 90%within 60 min.The rate constant of FTOCN-2 is 1.6 and 5.2 times greater than those of FTO and CN,respectively.Furthermore,FTOCN exhibits high antibacterial efficacy,highlighting its potential application in the purification of natural water.Measurements via a range of analytical techniques,including Kelvin probe force microscopy,density functional theory calculations,in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy,corroborate the S-scheme mechanism.This study provides a novel perspective for the development of photo-Fenton systems with S-scheme heterojunctions for water purification.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2024SF-YBXM-567)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21976045,22076112)the China Scholarship Council(CSC)Scholarship(No.202308610123).
文摘As antibiotic pollutants cannot be incompletely removed by conventional wastewater treatment plants,ultraviolet(UV)based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)such as UV/persulfate(UV/PS)and UV/chlorine are increasingly concerned for the effective removal of antibiotics from wastewaters.However,the specific mechanisms involving degradation kinetics and transformation mechanisms are not well elucidated.Here we report a detailed examination of SO_(4)•−/Cl•-mediated degradation kinetics,products,and toxicities of sulfathiazole(ST),sarafloxacin(SAR),and lomefloxacin(LOM)in the two processes.Both SO_(4)•−/Cl•-mediated transformation kinetics were found to be dependent on pH(P<0.05),which was attributed to the disparate reactivities of their individual dissociated forms.Based on competition kinetic experiments and matrix calculations,the cationic forms(H_(2)ST^(+),H_(2)SAR^(+),and H_(2)LOM^(+))were more highly reactive towards SO_(4)•−in most cases,while the neutral forms(e.g.,HSAR^(0)and HLOM^(0))reacted the fastest with Cl•for the most of the antibiotics tested.Based on the identification of 31 key intermediates using tandem mass spectrometry,these reactions generated different products,of which the majority still retained the core chemical structure of the parent compounds.The corresponding diverse transformation pathways were proposed,involving S−N breaking,hydroxylation,defluorination,and chlorination reactions.Furthermore,the toxicity changes of their reaction solutions as well as the toxicity of each intermediate were evaluated by the vibrio fischeri and ECOSAR model,respectively.Many primary by-products were proven to be more toxic than the parent chemicals,raising the wider issue of extended potency for these compounds with regards to their ecotoxicity.These results have implications for assessing the degradative fate and risk of these chemicals during the AOPs.
文摘Production of synthetic antibiotics has rapidly expanded to meet the increasing demands in human healthcare,animal husbandry,and agriculture.Meanwhile,however,substantial quantities of untreated antibiotics entered the agricultural environment through animal waste,reclaimed wastewater,or biosolids.The existence of drugs in farmland will not only have adverse effects on plant growth and productivity but also lead to antibiotics accumulation and drug resistance.To address this emerging drug contamination issue,this article conducts an indepth and comprehensive analysis of the research on antibiotic pollution in cropland and crops within 20 years.In this article,the bioaccumulation mechanisms of antibiotic in crops were systematically analyzed and discussed,with emphasis on the effects of important influencing factors such as the physico-chemical properties of antibiotics,cultivation environment,and plant morphology.Additionally,this article briefly discusses the various antibiotic extraction and analytical methods,as well as calculation indexes on human risk assessment.At last,the author further analyzed the environmental challenge of antibiotic resistance and provided insights into pollution remediation pathways for future research.
基金Supported by National TCM Advantage Speciality Construction Project:Clinical Pharmacy(GZYYYZH[2024]90)Guizhou Provincial Key Discipline Construction Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine:Clinical Traditional Chinese pharmacy(QZYYZDXK(JS)-2023-04).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to promote the rational use of special use level of antibiotics in clinic and delay the emergence of drug resistance.[Methods]The application of antibiotics for special use among inpatients of a hospital in 2019 was analyzed.The data in the drug information management system of the hospital were queried,and the collected expert consultation records of special-use antibiotics were sorted out.Indicators including the use rate of special-use antibiotics,antibiotic use density(AUD),defined daily dose system(DDDs)and defined daily dose system cost(DDDc)of each drug,the annual pathogen detection rate,disease distribution and pathogenic microorganism detection were summarized and analyzed for inpatients in the hospital retrospectively.[Results]In 2019,the average annual use rate of special-use antibiotics in the hospital was 1.53%,and the average annual use density was 1.59 DDDs.The antibiotics with the top three DDDs were imipenem and cilastatin,meropenem and cefepime.The antibiotics with the top three DDDc were voriconazole dispersible tablets,voriconazole for injection,and meropenem for injection.The average annual detection rate of microorganisms was 85.77%.The diseases were mainly diagnosed as respiratory infections such as pneumonia and secondary infections after radiotherapy and chemotherapy before medication,and the detected pathogens were mainly Candida and its subspecies,Escherichia coli,and Klebsiella and its subspecies.[Conclusions]The clinical use of special-use antibiotics in the hospital was basically reasonable,but there were still some problems.It is necessary to increase management efforts,strengthen training for relevant medical personnel,and provide management ideas for further standardizing the use of antibiotics in the hospital.
文摘This article first outlines the fundamental definitions of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and the basic principles of antibiotics. It then analyzes and discusses the progress in antibiotic application and time-eff ect studies for neonatal pneumonia treatment, specifically comparing conventional antibiotic therapy with stepwise treatment regimens, and contrasting monotherapy with penicillin, monotherapy with cephalosporins, and combination therapy. Finally, it offers a prospective outlook on antibiotic application and time-effect research in neonatal pneumonia treatment, aiming to provide valuable reference for further scholarly investigations.
文摘Objective:To analyze the positive impact of pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period on the rational use of antibiotics.Methods:A total of 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery between March and June 2023 were selected as the control group,receiving routine medication management.Another 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery between July and October 2023 were selected as the observation group,receiving pharmaceutical care.The rationality of medication use,mastery of medication knowledge,medication compliance,and adverse reaction rates were compared between the two groups.Results:The observation group had higher rationality of medication use,higher scores for mastery of medication knowledge,higher medication compliance,and a lower adverse reaction rate compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of antibiotic therapy and pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period can improve the rationality of medication use,enhance patients’mastery of medication knowledge,increase their medication compliance,and prevent adverse reactions to antibiotics.
基金funded by Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-14)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(11021716001100B)。
文摘Plant-based milk is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids,polyphenols and other bioactive compounds.This study investigated the effect of 3 plant-based milk(flaxseed milk,oat milk and soy milk)on the ceftriaxone-induced intestinal disorders,and compared the regulation patterns associated with gut microbiome and metabolome.The results showed plant-based milk alleviated the ceftriaxone caused cecum swelling,colonic tissue damage and intestinal microecological disorders.Meanwhile,administered plant-based milk decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine(tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and oxidative stresses(malondialdehyde(MDA)and myeloperoxidase(MPO)in the colon,as well as increasing the levels of tight junction proteins(Occludin,Claudin-1,and ZO-1)in the colon.Moreover,administration of plant-based milk modulated the intestinal microbiota by promoting the relative levels of beneficial bacteria(Bifidobacterium),and inhibiting the harmful bacteria genus(Enterococcus).Furthermore,plant-based milk treatment significantly modulated glycerophospholipids metabolism(e.g.glycerophosphocholine)and arachidonic acid metabolism(e.g.prostaglandin G2 and arachidonic acid)in the serum.In conclusion,plant-based milk could alleviate antibiotic-related imbalance of barrier function damage,gut microbiota disorders and the reduction of metabolic disorders,which lays a foundation for exploring anti-inflammatory and intestinal micro-ecological approach to plant-based milk.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52400245 and 5221101156)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017ZX07103)。
文摘The widespread occurrence of antibiotics in urban rivers has raised global concerns for ecological security.Quantitative source-specific risk apportionment of antibiotics is crucial for targeted and effective ecological risk management,but is rarely studied.In this study,a source-specific ecological risk apportionment model for antibiotics was developed by combining the ecological risk quotient(RQ)method and the positive matrix factorization(PMF)model.Based on twenty-two antibiotics in sixty-five water samples from thirteen sites in Beijing in wet and dry seasons,the spatial variation and probabilistic distribution of ecological risk associated with antibiotics were analyzed,and source-specific ecological risk was evaluated.Results showed that for the sum of all antibiotics,the mean concentration of all samples was 671.48 ng/L,and the lower limit of the 90%confidence interval of RQs was more than ten times the threshold for the high-risk level.The main sources were identified as domestic sewage,pharmaceutical wastewater and livestock discharge.It should be noted that higher contributions to antibiotic concentrations from sources do not always result in higher levels of ecological risk.Domestic sewage and livestock discharge contributed roughly equivalent amounts(36.17%and 37.59%,respectively)to antibiotic concentrations.However,domestic sewage was the most dominant source for risk(63.30%),and livestock discharge only contributed 7.37%to risk.The study found that evaluating the source-specific ecological risk associated with antibiotics is essential in addition to identifying their sources.The source-specific ecological risk apportionment model developed in this study is also referential for related studies.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission of Changning District,No.20234Y038Medical Science and Technology Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,China,No.C2022023.
文摘In this article, we have addressed the recent published article by Wang et al whichexamines risk factors associated with surgical site infections (SSIs) and evaluatesthe effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in their prevention. Wang et al identifiedseveral significant risk factors of SSIs, including age ≥ 60 years, diabetesmellitus, and surgical complications such as insufficient cystic duct stump closure,gallbladder perforation, empyema, and postoperative hematoma. Their findingssuggest that prophylactic antibiotics can serve as a protective factor against SSIs.However, other reported risk factors and preventive strategies warrant considerationto further reduce the incidence of SSIs, lower healthcare costs, and enhancepatient outcomes. Additionally, the judicious use of prophylactic antibioticsis crucial in light of the growing global challenge of antibiotic resistance caused bythe misuse and overuse of antibiotics. Effective management strategies forprophylactic antibiotic use should be prioritized to balance infection control withthe need to combat antimicrobial resistance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A2047)the Key Research and Development Project for Tibet Autonomous Region(No.XZ202201ZY0003N)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFD1901402)the Lasa Science and Technology Bureau(No.LSKJ202206)the Foundation of Graduate Research and Innovation in Chongqing(No.CYB22127).
文摘The land application of livestock manure has been widely acknowledged as a beneficial approach for nutrient recycling and environmental protection.However,the impact of residual antibiotics,a common contaminant of manure,on the degradation of organic compounds and nutrient release in Eutric Regosol is not well understood.Here,we studied,how oxytetracycline(OTC)and ciprofloxacin(CIP)affect the decomposition,microbial community structure,extracellular enzyme activities and nutrient release from cattle and pig manure using litterbag incubation experiments.Results showed that OTC and CIP greatly inhibited livestock manure decomposition,causing a decreased rate of carbon(28%-87%),nitrogen(15%-44%)and phosphorus(26%-43%)release.The relative abundance of gramnegative(G-)bacteria was reduced by 4.0%-13%while fungi increased by 7.0%-71%during a 28-day incubation period.Co-occurrence network analysis showed that antibiotic exposure disrupted microbial interactions,particularly among G-bacteria,G+bacteria,and actinomycetes.These changes in microbial community structure and function resulted in decreased activity of urease,β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase,alkaline protease,chitinase,and catalase,causing reduced decomposition and nutrient release in cattle and pig ma-nures.These findings advance our understanding of decomposition and nutrient recycling from manure-contaminated antibiotics,which will help facilitate sustainable agricultural production and soil carbon sequestration.
文摘Inappropriate use of antibiotics leads to microbial resistance.Single-dose antibio-tic prophylaxis prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy is well known for reducing the risk of postoperative infection in high-risk patients despite some conflicting aspects.High-risk patients are those who are older than 70 years,have diabetes mellitus,whose operation time exceeded 120 minutes,have acute cholecystitis,experienced iatrogenic intraoperative gallbladder perforation resulting in bile or gallstone spillage,suffered from obstructive jaundice,or were deemed immuno-compromised.For gallbladder perforation,one dose of antibiotic prophylaxis is sufficient.Therefore,guidelines are needed and must be strictly followed.Prophy-lactic treatment is not needed for patients at low risk of developing sepsis fo-llowing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy,although the opposite is suppor-ted.Similarly,superficial surgical infections are related to low morbidity.Patients without risk factors have a very low risk of infection.Thus,the routine use of anti-biotic prophylaxis in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy is not recommended.
文摘BACKGROUND Surgical site infections(SSIs)are a significant complication in laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC),affecting patient outcomes and healthcare costs.AIM To identify risk factors associated with SSIs and evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in reducing these infections.METHODS A comprehensive retrospective evaluation was conducted on 400 patients who underwent LC from January 2022 to January 2024.Patients were divided into infected(n=36)and non-infected(n=364)groups based on the occurrence of SSIs.Data collected included age,diabetes mellitus status,use of prophylactic antibiotics,and specific surgical complications.Statistical analyses using SPSS(Version 27.0)involved univariate and multivariate logistic regression to determine factors influencing the risk of SSIs.RESULTS The use of prophylactic antibiotics significantly reduced the incidence of SSIs(χ²=68.34,P<0.01).Older age(≥60 years)and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus were identified as significant risk factors.Surgical complications like insufficient cystic duct stump,gallbladder perforation,and empyema also increased SSI risk.Notably,factors such as intraoperative blood loss and operation time did not significantly impact SSI occurrence.CONCLUSION Prophylactic antibiotics are effective in reducing the risk of SSIs in patients undergoing LC.Age,diabetes mellitus,and certain surgical complications significantly contribute to the risk.Effective management of these risk factors is essential to improve surgical outcomes and reduce the incidence of SSIs.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China (32001663)。
文摘Both the broad-spectrum bactericidal properties of disinfectants and the inhibitory effects of antibiotics pose potential threats to the activity,functionality,and probiotic properties of Lactid acid bacteria(LAB).Therefore,it is essential to systematically evaluate the tolerance of lactic acid bacteria to common disinfectants and antibiotics.This study assessed 60 LAB strains isolated from the fermented foods for their tolerance to seven disinfectants and nine antibiotics.The results indicated that,compared to pathogenic bacteria,most LAB exhibited stronger tolerance to disinfectants.Sub-inhibitory concentrations of disinfectants inhibited biofilm formation in most LAB,while sub-inhibitory concentrations of glutaraldehyde tended to promote biofilm formation.This suggests that commonly used disinfectants can eliminate pathogenic bacteria without killing LAB,providing guidance for disinfectant use.LAB were highly sensitive to ampicillin and chloramphenicol,while showing some tolerance to norfloxacin,polymyxin,and sulfamethoxazole.This indicates LAB have a notable antibiotic resistance profile,which includes both natural resistance characteristics and instances of acquired resistance,along with multiple drug resistance and cross-resistance between antibiotics and disinfectants.This study provides an important guidance for disinfection practices in industrial utilizing LAB,such as food and biomedicine,and offers a reference for the use of antibiotics.
基金Funding Projects for Young Backbone Teachers of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province(2023GGJS020)National Natural Science Foundation of China(21901061,22171071)。
文摘Piezocatalytic technology demonstrates significant potential for effectively degrading pollutants and facilitating green chemical reactions,indicating promising development prospects.In this study,multi-flaw MoS_(2) nanosheets were synthesized via a hydrothermal method,and CuS nanoparticles were loaded onto their surface to form CuS/MoS_(2) piezocatalysts.The 40%CuS/MoS_(2) nanocomposite achieved an 86%degradation rate of TC under low-power(100 W,40 kHz)ultrasonic irradiation,which are 1.53 and 1.75 times higher than that of pure MoS_(2) and CuS,respectively.Furthermore,piezoresponse force microscopy(PFM)confirmed the excellent piezocatalytic performance of the composite material.The piezocurrent images revealed a significant enhancement in the piezoelectric properties of 40%CuS/MoS_(2),which is attributed to the construction of the CuS/MoS_(2) heterojunction promoting the separation of electrons and holes.This research provides a novel conceptual framework for enhancing the performance of piezocatalytic degradation.
基金jointly supported by a project of the China Geological Survey(DD20243375)Hebei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Ecological Environment Monitoring(No.HBMREEM202403).
文摘Antibiotics,as emerging pollutants,pose significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health by disrupting the endocrine systems of aquatic organisms and affecting ecosystem stability through food chain enrichment.In a study conducted in Hebei Province,China,liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry(LC-TQ-LIT-MS)was used to analyze 90 different antibiotics in 31 water samples,including surface water,groundwater,and waste leachate from three urban landfills.This analysis included hormones,broad-spectrum antimicrobials,macrolides,tetracyclines,β-lactams,sulfonamides,and quinolones.The study’s results indicated that quinolones,β-lactams,and macrolides were the most frequently detected substances in the landfills.It is noteworthy that the concentrations of these antibiotics varied significantly among different cities,reflecting local production and living characteristics.The results of the tests showed that the concentration of amoxicillin was 1171 ng/L in surface water,811 ng/L in groundwater,and 1926 ng/L of ciprofloxacin in waste leachate.Furthermore,a consistent pattern was observed between the compounds present in the leachate,groundwater,and surface water at the three sites.Risk assessments revealed that the ecological risk was higher for surface water and lower for groundwater.This study is the first to systematically analyze the pollution status of antibiotics and hormones in the water around the landfill in Hebei Province,which not only fills the blank of groundwater-related research in Hebei Province but also provides key data support and theoretical basis for local groundwater hydrological and environmental detection and pollution prevention.
基金the financial supports from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2021YFB3500600,2021YFB3500605,2022YFB3504100)Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2022142)+6 种基金Ministry of Education Chunhui plan international cooperation project(No.202200554)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.grant 22208170)Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(No.2021BS02016)Jiangsu International Cooperation Project(No.BZ2021018)Nanjing Science and Technology Top Experts Gathering Plan,and Open Foundation of State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control(No.SEMPC2023004)Cooperation Foundation for the Chunhui Plan Program of Ministry of Education of China(No.202200554)Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Opticelectric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science(No.M2024-7),MOE。
文摘It has been challenging for Fe(Ⅲ)regeneration in Fe-based photocatalysts for continuous peroxydisulfate(PDS)activation due to the lower ability to reduce Fe(Ⅲ).In this work,Fe-doped ultrathin VO_(2)(Fe-VO_(2))nanobelts were synthesized for purifying metronidazole(MNZ)via PDS activation.As an efficient Fentonlike catalyst for PDS activation,2 wt%Fe-doped VO_(2)can remove 98%of MNZ within 40 min and exhibits impressive recyclability.The synergistic effect of Fe-VO_(2)and Fe(Ⅲ)activated PDS boosted the photocatalytic performance.Moreover,SO_(4)•^(−),h+,O_(2)•^(−),^(1)O_(2),and•OH were the main reactive radicals.The effects of initial MNZ concentration,Fe-VO_(2),PDS dosage,and various anions/cations on MNZ removal by the Fe-VO_(2)/PDS/Vis system were studied.The intermediates of MNZ degradation and possible pathways were determined by density function theory(DFT)calculations and HPLC-MS.This study provided a sustainable technology using Fe-doped ultrathin VO_(2)nanobelts for photocatalytic PDS activation and decontamination of pharmaceutical wastewater.
文摘Objective:To analyze the effect of pharmacist-led rational drug use management of antibiotics during the perioperative period in gynecology.Methods:Two hundred patients who underwent gynecological surgery between March 2023 and December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups.In the experimental group,the pharmacist led the medication management during the perioperative use of antibiotics,while the control group received routine antibiotic management.The management effects were compared between the two groups.Results:The irrational drug use rate,the incidence of adverse drug reactions,the cost of antibiotics,and the incidence of postoperative infection were all lower in the experimental group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing pharmacist-led medication management during the perioperative period of gynecological surgery can prevent irrational drug use,reduce adverse drug reactions,control drug costs,and lower the risk of postoperative infection.
文摘Objective:To explore the adverse reactions associated with antibiotics and analyze strategies for their rational use.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients who experienced adverse reactions to antibiotics between August 2021 and August 2023.The types of antibiotics that caused adverse reactions were analyzed,and the symptoms of adverse reactions and measures for rational use of antibiotics were summarized.Results:Among the analyzed cases of adverse reactions to antibiotics,the highest rate was observed in patients aged 61–75 years,accounting for 38.33%,followed by patients aged 51–60 years,accounting for 20.00%.In terms of the types of antibiotics that caused adverse reactions,cephalosporins were the most common,accounting for 40.00%,followed by penicillins,accounting for 18.33%.Analysis of the systems involved in adverse reactions showed that skin and appendage disorders were the most common,accounting for 36.67%,followed by the digestive system,accounting for 28.33%.Conclusion:Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to adverse drug reactions.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze strategies for the rational use of antibiotics to reduce adverse drug reactions and ensure the safety of antibiotic use.
