The rising prevalence of drug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens,particularly methicillin-resistant Staphy-lococcus aureus(MRSA)and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci(VRE),poses a substantial clinical challenge.Biofilm-a...The rising prevalence of drug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens,particularly methicillin-resistant Staphy-lococcus aureus(MRSA)and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci(VRE),poses a substantial clinical challenge.Biofilm-associated infections exacerbate this problem due to their inherent antibiotic resistance and complex structure.Current antibiotic treatments struggle to penetrate biofilms and eradicate persister cells,leading to prolonged antibiotic use and increased resistance.Host defense peptides(HDPs)have shown promise,but their clinical application is limited by factors such as enzymatic degradation and difficulty in largescale preparation.Synthetic HDP mimics,such as poly(2-oxazoline),have emerged as effective alter-natives.Herein,we found that the poly(2-oxazoline),Gly-POX_(20),demonstrated rapid and potent activity against clinically isolated multidrug-resistant Gram-positive strains.Gly-POX_(20) showed greater stability under physiological conditions compared to natural peptides,including resistance to protease degradation.Importantly,Gly-POX_(20) inhibited biofilm formation and eradicated mature biofilm and demonstrated superior in vivo therapeutic efficacy to vancomycin in a MRSA biofilm-associated mouse keratitis model,suggesting its potential as a novel antimicrobial agent against drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria,especially biofilm-associated infections.展开更多
Background:Plants are known to produce a diverse group of natural metabolites with different biological activities.Centaurea ensiformis P.H.Davis,Origanum hypericifolium O.Schwartz&P.H.Davis,and Paeonia turcica Da...Background:Plants are known to produce a diverse group of natural metabolites with different biological activities.Centaurea ensiformis P.H.Davis,Origanum hypericifolium O.Schwartz&P.H.Davis,and Paeonia turcica Davis&Cullen are endemic plant species that grow on mountains in select regions in Türkiye and have been used in traditional Turkish medicine for various ailments.Methods:As first,we evaluated the larvicidal and antibiofilm activities of ethanol,ethyl acetate,acetone,and water extracts obtained from these plants.Antioxidant activities of the extracts were also investigated.Results:All tested extracts were effective at concentrations>25 ppm on Aedes aegypti larval mortality with the lethal concentration 50(LC_(50))values ranging between 32.82-48.35 ppm and LC90 between 46.26-63.2 ppm.O.hypericifolium was the most effective plant,ethanol extracts presented LC50 values of 32.82 ppm.Extracts demonstrated varying degrees of antibiofilm activity depending on the dose and bacterial species.Origanum hypericifolium extracts notably inhibited biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus(up to 98%inhibition),while P.turcica showed moderate efficacy against the same bacterial species.Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms displayed high resistance to all extracts.Conclusion:The results indicated that these endemic Turkish plants possess promising larvicidal and antibiofilm potential,particularly Origanum hypericifolium.Extracts analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry contained caffeic acid,myricetin,cinnamic acid,quercetin,gallic acid,epicatechin,and ascorbic acid.Further research should explore their potential applications in mosquito control and biofilm-related infections.展开更多
Background:Urinary tract infections(UTIs),primarily caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli(UPEC),are a significant global health concern.The complications arise from antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation,which...Background:Urinary tract infections(UTIs),primarily caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli(UPEC),are a significant global health concern.The complications arise from antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation,which reduce the effectiveness of conventional treatments.This study aims to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of the homeopathic medicine Terebinthinae oleum in potencies 30C,200C,and 1M against UTI-causing E.coli,and to compare its effectiveness with the standard antibiotic Gentamycin.Methods:An in-vitro biofilm model was employed.E.coli biofilms were cultivated in microtiter plates and treated with Terebinthinae oleum(30C,200C,1M)and Gentamycin.Biofilm biomass was assessed through crystal violet staining,and optical density(OD)was measured using an ELISA microplate reader.Results:Among the tested potencies,Terebinthinae oleum 30C showed the most prominent inhibitory activity on E.coli biofilms.The inhibition percentage was compared with Gentamycin as a control.Terebinthinae oleum 30C demonstrated 41.88%inhibition of biofilm biomass,while Gentamycin exhibited up to 78.98%inhibition.Higher potencies of Terebinthinae oleum(200C and 1M)showed reduced activity(30.15%and 24.81%,respectively).Conclusion:Terebinthinae oleum,especially at 30C potency,exhibits measurable antibiofilm activity against E.coli,although less effective than Gentamycin.These findings support its use as a complementary therapy in managing biofilm-associated UTIs,justifying further clinical and immunological research.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of a hydrogel of Piper longum(P.longum)root against biofilm-forming multidrug-resistant(MDR)Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)through in vitro,in silico,and in vivo studies.Methods:We isol...Objective:To explore the effect of a hydrogel of Piper longum(P.longum)root against biofilm-forming multidrug-resistant(MDR)Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)through in vitro,in silico,and in vivo studies.Methods:We isolated the P.longum root ethanolic extract and the compounds using p-HPLC.In vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of P.longum root extract and isolated alkamide compounds against biofilm-forming MDR S.aureus(ATCC 33591)were assessed using agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods,respectively.In silico investigations were conducted to investigate the interaction of alkamide compounds with three target proteins glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3β),matrix metalloproteinases-8(MMP-8),and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS).In addition,the wound healing effect of P.longum root extract 2%and 5%(w/v)-containing hydrogels was determined in mice.Results:The ethanolic root extract of P.longum and its compounds exhibited in vitro antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations between 50µg/mL and 700µg/mL,as well as significantly reduced biofilm formation.Piperdardine isolated from P.longum root extract had the best molecular docking score(-9.7,-9.8,and-9.2 kcal/mol)with target proteins GSK3β,MMP-8,and iNOS.In vivo studies showed that P.longum hydrogels significantly lowered the number of colony-forming units(P<0.05).The P.longum 5%(w/v)hydrogel-treated group showed enhanced wound healing activity,achieving a wound contraction rate of 99.34%on day 14.Furthermore,histopathological analysis confirmed increased re-epithelialization and reduced inflammation in mice treated with P.longum 5%(w/v)hydrogel.Conclusions:P.longum root extract has pharmacological potential as an antibacterial and wound-healing agent,and further research is required to confirm its efficacy and clinical application.展开更多
The food industry prioritizes food safety throughout the entire production process.This involves closely monitoring and evaluating all potential sources of biological or chemical contamination,starting from entering r...The food industry prioritizes food safety throughout the entire production process.This involves closely monitoring and evaluating all potential sources of biological or chemical contamination,starting from entering raw materials into the production chain and continuing to the final product.Biofilms on food surfaces or containers can harbor dangerous pathogens,such as Listeria monocytogenes.Therefore,it is essential to continuously manage microbial contamination on food contact surfaces to prevent foodborne infections.Recently,there has been increasing interest in using nanomaterials as surface coatings with antimicrobial properties in the food industry,especially since traditional disinfectants or antibiotics may contribute to developing resistance.However,the use of antibiofilm materials for long-term food storage remains underexplored,and there is a notable lack of focused reviews on nanomaterialbased antibiofilm coatings specifically for long-term food preservation.This review aims to consolidate recently reported nanoparticle-based antibiofilm food packaging materials.We discuss the effectiveness of various metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and biopolymer nanocomposites in combating biofilms.Additionally,we highlight the growing importance of biodegradable nanocomposite materials for antibiofilm food packaging.Furthermore,we explore the mechanisms of action,processing methods,and safety aspects of these nanomaterials being developed for food packaging applications.展开更多
In the article“Recent Advancements in Nanocomposites-Based Antibiofilm Food Packaging”by Bandana Padhan et al.(Journal of Polymer Materials,2025,Vol.42,No.2,pp.411–433.doi:10.32604/jpm.2024.059156),originally publi...In the article“Recent Advancements in Nanocomposites-Based Antibiofilm Food Packaging”by Bandana Padhan et al.(Journal of Polymer Materials,2025,Vol.42,No.2,pp.411–433.doi:10.32604/jpm.2024.059156),originally published online on December 9,2024,and formally included in Vol.42,No.2(published on July 11,2025).展开更多
Objective:To investigate the antibiofilm activity of alphamangostin(AMG)loaded nanoparticle(nano AMG)against dental caries pathogen Streptococcus mutans.Methods:AMG was isolated from the peels of Garcinia mangostana L...Objective:To investigate the antibiofilm activity of alphamangostin(AMG)loaded nanoparticle(nano AMG)against dental caries pathogen Streptococcus mutans.Methods:AMG was isolated from the peels of Garcinia mangostana L.using silica gel columns and chemically analysed by high performance liquid chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance.Nano AMG was prepared using the solvent evaporation method combined with high-speed homogenization.The nanoparticles were characterized using dynamic light scattering,field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The toxicity of nano AMG in fibroblast NIH/3 T3 cell line was determined using MTT method.The antibiofilm effect of nano AMG was determined through the evaluation of biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans using a 96-well plate.Biofilm biomass was quantified using crystal violet.Cell viability was observed under confocal microscopy using LIVE/DEAD Bac Light staining.Moreover,gene expression was determined by quantitative real-time PCR and membrane permeabilization activity by measuring the uptake of o-nitrophenol-β-D-galactoside.Results:Nano AMG size was in a range of 10-50 nm with a polydispersity index of<0.3 and zeta potential value of-35.2 m V.The size and the incorporation of AMG in the nanoparticles were confirmed by FE-SEM and FTIR analyses.The IC50 values of the test agents on NIH/3 T3 cells were(9.80±0.63)μg/m L for AMG and(8.70±0.81)μg/m L for nano AMG,while no toxicity was generated from excipients used to prepare nanoparticles.In the early stage of biofilm formation,treatment with 6.25μmol/L nano AMG caused a reduction in biofilm biomass up to 49.1%,compared to 33.4%for AMG.In contrast,biofilms at the late stage were more resistant to the test agents.At 96μmol/L(=10×MIC),nano AMG reduced only 20.7%of biofilm biomass while AMG did not showany effect.Expressions of gtf B and gtf C genes involved in biofilm formation were down-regulated 3.3 and 12.5 folds,respectively,compared to AMG(2.4 and 7.6 folds,respectively).LIVE/DEAD Bac Light fluorescence staining and microscopy observation indicated that biofilm cells were killed by both nano AMG and AMG at 48μmol/L(=5×MIC).In addition,membrane permeabilization activity was increased in a time dependent manner and higher in nano AMG treated cells compared to AMG.Conclusions:AMG coated nanoparticle can enhance AMG bioactivity and can be used as a new and promising antibiofilm agent.展开更多
The infection induced by implantation of biomedical materials may result from the biofilm formation after bacteria attachment.Hence,the antibiofilm surface coating represents a novel technique to improve the antibacte...The infection induced by implantation of biomedical materials may result from the biofilm formation after bacteria attachment.Hence,the antibiofilm surface coating represents a novel technique to improve the antibacterial activity of biomedical materials.The traditional antibiofilm surface coatings exhibited some disadvantages and provided a limited service life.In this work,we used polyethyleneimine grafted 3-maleimidopropionic acid(PEIM)and poly(acrylic acid)grafted 2-furfurylamine(PAAF)to achieve robust and self-healable crosslinked multilayer coatings,employing Layer-by-Layer(LbL)self-assembly technique and Diels-Alder reaction.Then,thiol-terminated poly((3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride)(PAMPTMA-SH)was grafted onto the crosslinked multilayer coating by thiol-ene click reaction to form a novel multilayer coating(PEIM/PAAF)_(10)-PAMPTMA.We found that this coating showed robust and self-healable activity,and significantly inhibited the bacterial growth and biofilm formation after infection with Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)by in vitro and in vivo assays for 120 h.In addition,the multilayer coating did not induce significant hemolysis or affect the cell viability of red blood cells.In vivo studies also showed that(PEIM/PAAF)_(10)-PAMPTMA coating efficiently blocked the infiltration of inflammatory cells and gene expression in the mouse skin challenged with E coli or S.aureus.Taken together,these results showed that the prepared multilayer coating exhibited strong antibiofilm activity and provided a new strategy for the application of highly efficient antibiofilm surface coating of biomedical materials.展开更多
Three new alkyl substituted anthraquinone derivatives, trivially named as symploquinones A-C(Compounds 1-3) were isolated from Symplocos racemosa. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of exte...Three new alkyl substituted anthraquinone derivatives, trivially named as symploquinones A-C(Compounds 1-3) were isolated from Symplocos racemosa. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses(UV, IR, Mass, ~1 H-and ^(13)C-NMR, and two-dimensional(2D) NMR techniques). The resulting data were also compared with the reported literature. These compounds were then subjected to antibacterial or antibiofilm testing. Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited good antibacterial activity in the concentration range of 160-83 μg·m L^(-1) against Streptococcus mutans, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis. Both compounds were further screened for anti-biofilm activity, which revealed promising activities at sub-MIC concentrations. None of the compounds were found to be active against Klebsiella pneumoniae.展开更多
Bacterial biofilm infection is a complicated and important global problem.Non-toxic biomass-based Pickering emulsions as an essential oil delivery system are a potentially effective means in biofilm treatment.Herein,t...Bacterial biofilm infection is a complicated and important global problem.Non-toxic biomass-based Pickering emulsions as an essential oil delivery system are a potentially effective means in biofilm treatment.Herein,the chitosan/gelatin complex nanoparticles(CGNPs)stabilized Pickering(CGP)emulsion loaded with cinnamon essential oil(CEO)was developed to inhibit and remove bacterial biofilms.CGNPs were initially successfully prepared with a particle size of 253.7 nm.Subsequently,CGP emulsions were prepared using CGNPs as the emulsifier and CEO as the oil phase,with the aqueous phase pH value of 5.5 and ionic strength of 50 mM.Amino groups of CGNPs were crosslinked with the aldehyde group of CEO via Schiff base reaction at the oil-water interface to form a denser core-shell structure,thus improving the stability of Pickering emulsion.The CGP emulsions exhibit controlled and long-term sustained release properties in essential oil delivery,with 89.8%,81.0%,and 62.2%CEO release within 168 h for CGP-0.1,CGP-0.2,and CGP-0.3,respectively.Moreover,CGP emulsions have stronger antioxidant activities(nearly 100%),broad-spectrum antibacterial activities(>90%),enhanced penetration and removal capabilities against preformed biofilms than single CEO or CGNPs,as well as its better biocompatibility than conventional surfactant-stabilized emulsions.Hence,CEO-delivered CGP emulsion could serve as a potential strategy against biofilm infections and bacterial resistance.展开更多
Biliary strictures are characterized by the narrowing of the bile duct lumen,usually caused by surgical biliary injury,cancer,inflammation,and scarring from gallstones.Endoscopic stent placement is a well-established ...Biliary strictures are characterized by the narrowing of the bile duct lumen,usually caused by surgical biliary injury,cancer,inflammation,and scarring from gallstones.Endoscopic stent placement is a well-established method for the management of biliary strictures.However,maintaining optimal mechanical properties of stents and designing surfaces that can prevent stent-induced tissue hyperplasia and biofilm formation are challenges in the fabrication of biodegradable biliary stents(BBSs)for customized treatment.This study proposes a novel approach to fabricating functionalized polymer BBSs with nanoengineered surfaces using 3D printing.The 3D printed stents,fabricated from bioactive silica poly(ε-carprolactone)(PCL)via a sol-gel method,exhibited tunable mechanical properties suitable for supporting the bile duct while ensuring biocompatibility.Furthermore,a nanoengineered surface layer was successfully created on a sirolimus(SRL)-coated functionalized PCL(fPCL)stent using Zn ion sputtering-based plasma immersion ion implantation(S-PIII)treatment to enhance the performance of the stent.The nanoengineered surface of the SRL-coated fPCL stent effectively reduced bacterial responses and remarkably inhibited fibroblast proliferation and initial burst release of SRL in vitro systems.The physicochemical properties and biological behaviors,including in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo therapeutic efficacy in the rabbit bile duct,of the Zn-SRL@fPCL stent demonstrated its potential as a versatile platform for clinical applications in bile duct tissue engineering.展开更多
This study investigated antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the combined use of phenyllactic acid(PLA)and bacteriocin XJS01 against Shigella flexneri_14.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of PLA and XJS01 ...This study investigated antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the combined use of phenyllactic acid(PLA)and bacteriocin XJS01 against Shigella flexneri_14.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of PLA and XJS01 against S.flexneri_14 was 2.45 mg/mL and 18.75μg/mL,respectively.Growth and kill kinetics assays showed that the combined use of 1/2MIC PLA plus 1/2MIC XJS01 had a better activity against planktonic S.flexneri_14 compared to treatment with PLA and XJS01 used singly(1/2MIC and 2MIC).Cellular biochemical and morphological analysis revealed the remarkable ability of the combination in disrupting cell appearance and promoting deformation of planktonic S.flexneri_14 compared to single use.Moreover,S.flexneri_14 biofilm formation was inhibited and degraded by the combination,which showed a more remarkable antibiofilm activity than PLA and XJS01 when used singly.This study demonstrates the synergistic antibacterial activity of PLA and XJS01 against S.flexneri_14 in either planktonic or biofilm states in foods.展开更多
The Salvadora persica(S.persica)L.chewing stick,usually known as miswak,is still being em-ployed as an oral hygiene agent for plaque and gingivitis prevention.This study aims to assess the antibacterial,antibiofilm,an...The Salvadora persica(S.persica)L.chewing stick,usually known as miswak,is still being em-ployed as an oral hygiene agent for plaque and gingivitis prevention.This study aims to assess the antibacterial,antibiofilm,antioxidant,and phytochemical profile of S.persica extract.The S.per-sica was purchased from a local market,grinded and extracted with petroleum ether.The disk dif-fusion,microdilution,and micro-plate assays were performed to evaluate the antibacterial and an-tibiofilm activities of the prepared extract at different concentrations against𝛽-lactam resistance Streptococcus species.Free radical scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and stable radical cationic chromophore,2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)(ABTS)methods were used to determine their antioxidant activity.Chromatographic and spectrometric analyses were performed using gas chromatography-mass(GC-MS)spectrometry.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of S.persica extract against𝛽-lactam resistance Streptococcus species ranged from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/mL.The maximum suppression of biofilm formation by S.persica extract was observed at MIC with a percentage of 68.66%,against Streptococcus oralis.The S.persica ex-tract exhibited antioxidant activity with IC 50 of 20μg/mL and 35μg/mL from DPPH and ABTS,respectively.The phytochemical characterization showed the presence of 22 compounds with ma-jor compounds;benzyl isothiocyanate(36.21%)and n-hexadecanoic acid(27.62%).The S.persica extract exhibited antibacterial activity against𝛽-lactam resistant Streptococcus species,showing a promising natural alternative that could be a treatment option.展开更多
The potent antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles is primarily attributed to the release of silver ions,which disrupt cell membranes and inactivate essential enzymes through Ag−S bonding formation.[Objective]T...The potent antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles is primarily attributed to the release of silver ions,which disrupt cell membranes and inactivate essential enzymes through Ag−S bonding formation.[Objective]To explore silver ion immobilization to minimize silver release.[Methods]A macrocyclic cryptand with nitrogen bridgeheads was prepared and subsequently chelated with silver ions to produce Cage silver(I),which was then coordinated with different ratios of sulfonated chitosan(SCS)to form SCS/Cage Ag(I)complexes(SCA1,SCA2,and SCA3).The antioxidant activities of the complexes were assessed by reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays.The antibacterial activities of the complexes were evaluated based on the minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs)and minimum bactericidal concentrations(MBCs)against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Escherichia coli O157:H7 and the inhibition rate on biofilm formation.[Results]Cage silver(I)exhibited strong antibacterial activity,with the MIC of 0.015 mg/mL and MBC of 0.031 mg/mL against S.aureus ATCC 6538,and the MIC of 0.031 mg/mL and MBC of 0.120 mg/mL against E.coli O157:H7.Significant antioxidant properties of Cage silver(I)were also observed,as demonstrated by the DPPH free radical scavenging rates of 42.2%and 53.1%at 326 nm and 517 nm,respectively.Cage silver(I)exhibited the highest antibacterial and antioxidant activities,followed by SCA1,SCA2,SCA3,and SCS,because the content of silver ions in Cage silver(I)was 10-fold higher than that in SCA1.The antibacterial and antioxidant activities of SCA1 were better than those of Cage silver(I),which further indicated that the sulfonic groups of SCS may intensely coordinate with silver ions to exert synergistic effects.[Conclusion]Combining the merits of silver ions and SCS improves the bioavailability of the agent at microbicidal concentrations,minimizes the accumulation in the environment,and reduces treatment costs.The method developed herein offers a sustainable approach to enhance microbial control while minimizing the impact on the environment.展开更多
The risk of infection following consumption of foodborne pathogens contaminated foods became a significant concern for human health and imposes great economic losses to food industry.Herein,Ag nanoparticles were integ...The risk of infection following consumption of foodborne pathogens contaminated foods became a significant concern for human health and imposes great economic losses to food industry.Herein,Ag nanoparticles were integrated to Cu-based metal-organic framework(Cu-MOF)for antibacterial activity.The crystal structure,morphology and composition of the prepared composite Ag@Cu-MOF were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction,thermogravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Antibacterial assays revealed that Ag@Cu-MOF exhibited increased inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 in comparison to Cu-MOF.Ag@Cu-MOF treated bacterial cells displayed distinct morphological changes,a decreased ratio of live/dead cells,as well as a reduction of intracellular ATP.Antibiofilm studies demonstrated that Ag@CuMOF could dramatically inhibit biofilm formation and disrupt preformed biofilms by interfering the metabolic activity and decreasing the expression of biofilm-associated genes.Food contamination model illustrated that Ag@Cu-MOF significantly prevented the growth of E.coli O157:H7 in packed pork.This study sheds light on the potential of Ag@Cu-MOF as a promising antimicrobial material for preserving pork.展开更多
Soft corals are an important group of organisms that live in reef ecosystems. In this study, the chemical defense of soft coral Sinularia polydactyla against biofilm-forming bacteria was assessed. The soft coral S. po...Soft corals are an important group of organisms that live in reef ecosystems. In this study, the chemical defense of soft coral Sinularia polydactyla against biofilm-forming bacteria was assessed. The soft coral S. polydactyla was collected from the Obhur creek of the Red Sea and the bioactive compounds were extracted under different conditions using methanol and hexane as solvents. Results revealed that the bioactive compounds produced by the soft coral S. polydactyla were active against the growth, hydrophobicity and extracellular polymeric substances production of the biofilm-forming bacteria. However, the damage or injury in soft coral tissue caused a decrease in the activity against biofilm-forming bacteria. GC-MS analysis revealed that sesquiterpenes were abundant in normal coral sample extract while cembranoids were abundant in damaged coral sample extracts. In general, the results indicated that the soft corals either under stress or with damage may not have a strong chemical defense against the colonizing marine organisms and competitors.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(no.2022YFC2303100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.T2325010,22305082,52203162,and 22075078)+1 种基金Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism(Shanghai Municipal Education Commission),the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(nos.JKVD1241029 and JKD01241701)Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry(Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences),the Open Project of Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology(Ministry of Education,no.R202201).
文摘The rising prevalence of drug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens,particularly methicillin-resistant Staphy-lococcus aureus(MRSA)and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci(VRE),poses a substantial clinical challenge.Biofilm-associated infections exacerbate this problem due to their inherent antibiotic resistance and complex structure.Current antibiotic treatments struggle to penetrate biofilms and eradicate persister cells,leading to prolonged antibiotic use and increased resistance.Host defense peptides(HDPs)have shown promise,but their clinical application is limited by factors such as enzymatic degradation and difficulty in largescale preparation.Synthetic HDP mimics,such as poly(2-oxazoline),have emerged as effective alter-natives.Herein,we found that the poly(2-oxazoline),Gly-POX_(20),demonstrated rapid and potent activity against clinically isolated multidrug-resistant Gram-positive strains.Gly-POX_(20) showed greater stability under physiological conditions compared to natural peptides,including resistance to protease degradation.Importantly,Gly-POX_(20) inhibited biofilm formation and eradicated mature biofilm and demonstrated superior in vivo therapeutic efficacy to vancomycin in a MRSA biofilm-associated mouse keratitis model,suggesting its potential as a novel antimicrobial agent against drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria,especially biofilm-associated infections.
文摘Background:Plants are known to produce a diverse group of natural metabolites with different biological activities.Centaurea ensiformis P.H.Davis,Origanum hypericifolium O.Schwartz&P.H.Davis,and Paeonia turcica Davis&Cullen are endemic plant species that grow on mountains in select regions in Türkiye and have been used in traditional Turkish medicine for various ailments.Methods:As first,we evaluated the larvicidal and antibiofilm activities of ethanol,ethyl acetate,acetone,and water extracts obtained from these plants.Antioxidant activities of the extracts were also investigated.Results:All tested extracts were effective at concentrations>25 ppm on Aedes aegypti larval mortality with the lethal concentration 50(LC_(50))values ranging between 32.82-48.35 ppm and LC90 between 46.26-63.2 ppm.O.hypericifolium was the most effective plant,ethanol extracts presented LC50 values of 32.82 ppm.Extracts demonstrated varying degrees of antibiofilm activity depending on the dose and bacterial species.Origanum hypericifolium extracts notably inhibited biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus(up to 98%inhibition),while P.turcica showed moderate efficacy against the same bacterial species.Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms displayed high resistance to all extracts.Conclusion:The results indicated that these endemic Turkish plants possess promising larvicidal and antibiofilm potential,particularly Origanum hypericifolium.Extracts analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry contained caffeic acid,myricetin,cinnamic acid,quercetin,gallic acid,epicatechin,and ascorbic acid.Further research should explore their potential applications in mosquito control and biofilm-related infections.
文摘Background:Urinary tract infections(UTIs),primarily caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli(UPEC),are a significant global health concern.The complications arise from antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation,which reduce the effectiveness of conventional treatments.This study aims to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of the homeopathic medicine Terebinthinae oleum in potencies 30C,200C,and 1M against UTI-causing E.coli,and to compare its effectiveness with the standard antibiotic Gentamycin.Methods:An in-vitro biofilm model was employed.E.coli biofilms were cultivated in microtiter plates and treated with Terebinthinae oleum(30C,200C,1M)and Gentamycin.Biofilm biomass was assessed through crystal violet staining,and optical density(OD)was measured using an ELISA microplate reader.Results:Among the tested potencies,Terebinthinae oleum 30C showed the most prominent inhibitory activity on E.coli biofilms.The inhibition percentage was compared with Gentamycin as a control.Terebinthinae oleum 30C demonstrated 41.88%inhibition of biofilm biomass,while Gentamycin exhibited up to 78.98%inhibition.Higher potencies of Terebinthinae oleum(200C and 1M)showed reduced activity(30.15%and 24.81%,respectively).Conclusion:Terebinthinae oleum,especially at 30C potency,exhibits measurable antibiofilm activity against E.coli,although less effective than Gentamycin.These findings support its use as a complementary therapy in managing biofilm-associated UTIs,justifying further clinical and immunological research.
基金supported by NPDF fellowship grants from the Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences,Ministry of AYUSH,Govt.of India(HQ-ESTT012/60/2022-ESTT/6783).
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of a hydrogel of Piper longum(P.longum)root against biofilm-forming multidrug-resistant(MDR)Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)through in vitro,in silico,and in vivo studies.Methods:We isolated the P.longum root ethanolic extract and the compounds using p-HPLC.In vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of P.longum root extract and isolated alkamide compounds against biofilm-forming MDR S.aureus(ATCC 33591)were assessed using agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods,respectively.In silico investigations were conducted to investigate the interaction of alkamide compounds with three target proteins glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3β),matrix metalloproteinases-8(MMP-8),and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS).In addition,the wound healing effect of P.longum root extract 2%and 5%(w/v)-containing hydrogels was determined in mice.Results:The ethanolic root extract of P.longum and its compounds exhibited in vitro antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations between 50µg/mL and 700µg/mL,as well as significantly reduced biofilm formation.Piperdardine isolated from P.longum root extract had the best molecular docking score(-9.7,-9.8,and-9.2 kcal/mol)with target proteins GSK3β,MMP-8,and iNOS.In vivo studies showed that P.longum hydrogels significantly lowered the number of colony-forming units(P<0.05).The P.longum 5%(w/v)hydrogel-treated group showed enhanced wound healing activity,achieving a wound contraction rate of 99.34%on day 14.Furthermore,histopathological analysis confirmed increased re-epithelialization and reduced inflammation in mice treated with P.longum 5%(w/v)hydrogel.Conclusions:P.longum root extract has pharmacological potential as an antibacterial and wound-healing agent,and further research is required to confirm its efficacy and clinical application.
文摘The food industry prioritizes food safety throughout the entire production process.This involves closely monitoring and evaluating all potential sources of biological or chemical contamination,starting from entering raw materials into the production chain and continuing to the final product.Biofilms on food surfaces or containers can harbor dangerous pathogens,such as Listeria monocytogenes.Therefore,it is essential to continuously manage microbial contamination on food contact surfaces to prevent foodborne infections.Recently,there has been increasing interest in using nanomaterials as surface coatings with antimicrobial properties in the food industry,especially since traditional disinfectants or antibiotics may contribute to developing resistance.However,the use of antibiofilm materials for long-term food storage remains underexplored,and there is a notable lack of focused reviews on nanomaterialbased antibiofilm coatings specifically for long-term food preservation.This review aims to consolidate recently reported nanoparticle-based antibiofilm food packaging materials.We discuss the effectiveness of various metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and biopolymer nanocomposites in combating biofilms.Additionally,we highlight the growing importance of biodegradable nanocomposite materials for antibiofilm food packaging.Furthermore,we explore the mechanisms of action,processing methods,and safety aspects of these nanomaterials being developed for food packaging applications.
文摘In the article“Recent Advancements in Nanocomposites-Based Antibiofilm Food Packaging”by Bandana Padhan et al.(Journal of Polymer Materials,2025,Vol.42,No.2,pp.411–433.doi:10.32604/jpm.2024.059156),originally published online on December 9,2024,and formally included in Vol.42,No.2(published on July 11,2025).
基金supported by the NAFOSTED research grant 106-NN.02-2016.19 to Phuong T.M.Nguyen.
文摘Objective:To investigate the antibiofilm activity of alphamangostin(AMG)loaded nanoparticle(nano AMG)against dental caries pathogen Streptococcus mutans.Methods:AMG was isolated from the peels of Garcinia mangostana L.using silica gel columns and chemically analysed by high performance liquid chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance.Nano AMG was prepared using the solvent evaporation method combined with high-speed homogenization.The nanoparticles were characterized using dynamic light scattering,field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The toxicity of nano AMG in fibroblast NIH/3 T3 cell line was determined using MTT method.The antibiofilm effect of nano AMG was determined through the evaluation of biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans using a 96-well plate.Biofilm biomass was quantified using crystal violet.Cell viability was observed under confocal microscopy using LIVE/DEAD Bac Light staining.Moreover,gene expression was determined by quantitative real-time PCR and membrane permeabilization activity by measuring the uptake of o-nitrophenol-β-D-galactoside.Results:Nano AMG size was in a range of 10-50 nm with a polydispersity index of<0.3 and zeta potential value of-35.2 m V.The size and the incorporation of AMG in the nanoparticles were confirmed by FE-SEM and FTIR analyses.The IC50 values of the test agents on NIH/3 T3 cells were(9.80±0.63)μg/m L for AMG and(8.70±0.81)μg/m L for nano AMG,while no toxicity was generated from excipients used to prepare nanoparticles.In the early stage of biofilm formation,treatment with 6.25μmol/L nano AMG caused a reduction in biofilm biomass up to 49.1%,compared to 33.4%for AMG.In contrast,biofilms at the late stage were more resistant to the test agents.At 96μmol/L(=10×MIC),nano AMG reduced only 20.7%of biofilm biomass while AMG did not showany effect.Expressions of gtf B and gtf C genes involved in biofilm formation were down-regulated 3.3 and 12.5 folds,respectively,compared to AMG(2.4 and 7.6 folds,respectively).LIVE/DEAD Bac Light fluorescence staining and microscopy observation indicated that biofilm cells were killed by both nano AMG and AMG at 48μmol/L(=5×MIC).In addition,membrane permeabilization activity was increased in a time dependent manner and higher in nano AMG treated cells compared to AMG.Conclusions:AMG coated nanoparticle can enhance AMG bioactivity and can be used as a new and promising antibiofilm agent.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20180963)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.19KJD430001).
文摘The infection induced by implantation of biomedical materials may result from the biofilm formation after bacteria attachment.Hence,the antibiofilm surface coating represents a novel technique to improve the antibacterial activity of biomedical materials.The traditional antibiofilm surface coatings exhibited some disadvantages and provided a limited service life.In this work,we used polyethyleneimine grafted 3-maleimidopropionic acid(PEIM)and poly(acrylic acid)grafted 2-furfurylamine(PAAF)to achieve robust and self-healable crosslinked multilayer coatings,employing Layer-by-Layer(LbL)self-assembly technique and Diels-Alder reaction.Then,thiol-terminated poly((3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride)(PAMPTMA-SH)was grafted onto the crosslinked multilayer coating by thiol-ene click reaction to form a novel multilayer coating(PEIM/PAAF)_(10)-PAMPTMA.We found that this coating showed robust and self-healable activity,and significantly inhibited the bacterial growth and biofilm formation after infection with Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)by in vitro and in vivo assays for 120 h.In addition,the multilayer coating did not induce significant hemolysis or affect the cell viability of red blood cells.In vivo studies also showed that(PEIM/PAAF)_(10)-PAMPTMA coating efficiently blocked the infiltration of inflammatory cells and gene expression in the mouse skin challenged with E coli or S.aureus.Taken together,these results showed that the prepared multilayer coating exhibited strong antibiofilm activity and provided a new strategy for the application of highly efficient antibiofilm surface coating of biomedical materials.
基金supported by Higher Education Commission(HEC)of Pakistan for financial support under NRPU programme(No.20-2003/NRPU)COMSATS Abbottabad for financial support
文摘Three new alkyl substituted anthraquinone derivatives, trivially named as symploquinones A-C(Compounds 1-3) were isolated from Symplocos racemosa. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses(UV, IR, Mass, ~1 H-and ^(13)C-NMR, and two-dimensional(2D) NMR techniques). The resulting data were also compared with the reported literature. These compounds were then subjected to antibacterial or antibiofilm testing. Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited good antibacterial activity in the concentration range of 160-83 μg·m L^(-1) against Streptococcus mutans, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis. Both compounds were further screened for anti-biofilm activity, which revealed promising activities at sub-MIC concentrations. None of the compounds were found to be active against Klebsiella pneumoniae.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22305164)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC1096,2024NSFSC1095)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2023SCU12079).
文摘Bacterial biofilm infection is a complicated and important global problem.Non-toxic biomass-based Pickering emulsions as an essential oil delivery system are a potentially effective means in biofilm treatment.Herein,the chitosan/gelatin complex nanoparticles(CGNPs)stabilized Pickering(CGP)emulsion loaded with cinnamon essential oil(CEO)was developed to inhibit and remove bacterial biofilms.CGNPs were initially successfully prepared with a particle size of 253.7 nm.Subsequently,CGP emulsions were prepared using CGNPs as the emulsifier and CEO as the oil phase,with the aqueous phase pH value of 5.5 and ionic strength of 50 mM.Amino groups of CGNPs were crosslinked with the aldehyde group of CEO via Schiff base reaction at the oil-water interface to form a denser core-shell structure,thus improving the stability of Pickering emulsion.The CGP emulsions exhibit controlled and long-term sustained release properties in essential oil delivery,with 89.8%,81.0%,and 62.2%CEO release within 168 h for CGP-0.1,CGP-0.2,and CGP-0.3,respectively.Moreover,CGP emulsions have stronger antioxidant activities(nearly 100%),broad-spectrum antibacterial activities(>90%),enhanced penetration and removal capabilities against preformed biofilms than single CEO or CGNPs,as well as its better biocompatibility than conventional surfactant-stabilized emulsions.Hence,CEO-delivered CGP emulsion could serve as a potential strategy against biofilm infections and bacterial resistance.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (Nos.2021R1I1A1A01043176,2022R1C1C1003205,2023R1A2C1007779,and 2021R1A2C1091301)the Korea Medical Device Development Fund grant funded by the Korea government (Ministry of Science and ICT,Ministry of Trade,Industry and Energy,Ministry of Health&Welfare,Ministry of Food and Drug Safety,Project Number:RS-2023-00238092)Korean Fund for Regenerative Medicine (KFRM)grant funded by the Korea government (the Ministry of Science and ICT,the Ministry of Health&Welfare,KFRM 24A0105L1).
文摘Biliary strictures are characterized by the narrowing of the bile duct lumen,usually caused by surgical biliary injury,cancer,inflammation,and scarring from gallstones.Endoscopic stent placement is a well-established method for the management of biliary strictures.However,maintaining optimal mechanical properties of stents and designing surfaces that can prevent stent-induced tissue hyperplasia and biofilm formation are challenges in the fabrication of biodegradable biliary stents(BBSs)for customized treatment.This study proposes a novel approach to fabricating functionalized polymer BBSs with nanoengineered surfaces using 3D printing.The 3D printed stents,fabricated from bioactive silica poly(ε-carprolactone)(PCL)via a sol-gel method,exhibited tunable mechanical properties suitable for supporting the bile duct while ensuring biocompatibility.Furthermore,a nanoengineered surface layer was successfully created on a sirolimus(SRL)-coated functionalized PCL(fPCL)stent using Zn ion sputtering-based plasma immersion ion implantation(S-PIII)treatment to enhance the performance of the stent.The nanoengineered surface of the SRL-coated fPCL stent effectively reduced bacterial responses and remarkably inhibited fibroblast proliferation and initial burst release of SRL in vitro systems.The physicochemical properties and biological behaviors,including in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo therapeutic efficacy in the rabbit bile duct,of the Zn-SRL@fPCL stent demonstrated its potential as a versatile platform for clinical applications in bile duct tissue engineering.
基金supported by Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(Grant No.202101BE070001-046)the Natural Science Foundation of China(31960286).
文摘This study investigated antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the combined use of phenyllactic acid(PLA)and bacteriocin XJS01 against Shigella flexneri_14.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of PLA and XJS01 against S.flexneri_14 was 2.45 mg/mL and 18.75μg/mL,respectively.Growth and kill kinetics assays showed that the combined use of 1/2MIC PLA plus 1/2MIC XJS01 had a better activity against planktonic S.flexneri_14 compared to treatment with PLA and XJS01 used singly(1/2MIC and 2MIC).Cellular biochemical and morphological analysis revealed the remarkable ability of the combination in disrupting cell appearance and promoting deformation of planktonic S.flexneri_14 compared to single use.Moreover,S.flexneri_14 biofilm formation was inhibited and degraded by the combination,which showed a more remarkable antibiofilm activity than PLA and XJS01 when used singly.This study demonstrates the synergistic antibacterial activity of PLA and XJS01 against S.flexneri_14 in either planktonic or biofilm states in foods.
文摘The Salvadora persica(S.persica)L.chewing stick,usually known as miswak,is still being em-ployed as an oral hygiene agent for plaque and gingivitis prevention.This study aims to assess the antibacterial,antibiofilm,antioxidant,and phytochemical profile of S.persica extract.The S.per-sica was purchased from a local market,grinded and extracted with petroleum ether.The disk dif-fusion,microdilution,and micro-plate assays were performed to evaluate the antibacterial and an-tibiofilm activities of the prepared extract at different concentrations against𝛽-lactam resistance Streptococcus species.Free radical scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and stable radical cationic chromophore,2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)(ABTS)methods were used to determine their antioxidant activity.Chromatographic and spectrometric analyses were performed using gas chromatography-mass(GC-MS)spectrometry.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of S.persica extract against𝛽-lactam resistance Streptococcus species ranged from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/mL.The maximum suppression of biofilm formation by S.persica extract was observed at MIC with a percentage of 68.66%,against Streptococcus oralis.The S.persica ex-tract exhibited antioxidant activity with IC 50 of 20μg/mL and 35μg/mL from DPPH and ABTS,respectively.The phytochemical characterization showed the presence of 22 compounds with ma-jor compounds;benzyl isothiocyanate(36.21%)and n-hexadecanoic acid(27.62%).The S.persica extract exhibited antibacterial activity against𝛽-lactam resistant Streptococcus species,showing a promising natural alternative that could be a treatment option.
文摘The potent antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles is primarily attributed to the release of silver ions,which disrupt cell membranes and inactivate essential enzymes through Ag−S bonding formation.[Objective]To explore silver ion immobilization to minimize silver release.[Methods]A macrocyclic cryptand with nitrogen bridgeheads was prepared and subsequently chelated with silver ions to produce Cage silver(I),which was then coordinated with different ratios of sulfonated chitosan(SCS)to form SCS/Cage Ag(I)complexes(SCA1,SCA2,and SCA3).The antioxidant activities of the complexes were assessed by reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays.The antibacterial activities of the complexes were evaluated based on the minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs)and minimum bactericidal concentrations(MBCs)against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Escherichia coli O157:H7 and the inhibition rate on biofilm formation.[Results]Cage silver(I)exhibited strong antibacterial activity,with the MIC of 0.015 mg/mL and MBC of 0.031 mg/mL against S.aureus ATCC 6538,and the MIC of 0.031 mg/mL and MBC of 0.120 mg/mL against E.coli O157:H7.Significant antioxidant properties of Cage silver(I)were also observed,as demonstrated by the DPPH free radical scavenging rates of 42.2%and 53.1%at 326 nm and 517 nm,respectively.Cage silver(I)exhibited the highest antibacterial and antioxidant activities,followed by SCA1,SCA2,SCA3,and SCS,because the content of silver ions in Cage silver(I)was 10-fold higher than that in SCA1.The antibacterial and antioxidant activities of SCA1 were better than those of Cage silver(I),which further indicated that the sulfonic groups of SCS may intensely coordinate with silver ions to exert synergistic effects.[Conclusion]Combining the merits of silver ions and SCS improves the bioavailability of the agent at microbicidal concentrations,minimizes the accumulation in the environment,and reduces treatment costs.The method developed herein offers a sustainable approach to enhance microbial control while minimizing the impact on the environment.
基金funded by the Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province(2023-YBNY-178)Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Chemistry&Biology(22JHQ029)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M653766)National Natural Science Foundation of China(21901212)。
文摘The risk of infection following consumption of foodborne pathogens contaminated foods became a significant concern for human health and imposes great economic losses to food industry.Herein,Ag nanoparticles were integrated to Cu-based metal-organic framework(Cu-MOF)for antibacterial activity.The crystal structure,morphology and composition of the prepared composite Ag@Cu-MOF were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction,thermogravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Antibacterial assays revealed that Ag@Cu-MOF exhibited increased inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 in comparison to Cu-MOF.Ag@Cu-MOF treated bacterial cells displayed distinct morphological changes,a decreased ratio of live/dead cells,as well as a reduction of intracellular ATP.Antibiofilm studies demonstrated that Ag@CuMOF could dramatically inhibit biofilm formation and disrupt preformed biofilms by interfering the metabolic activity and decreasing the expression of biofilm-associated genes.Food contamination model illustrated that Ag@Cu-MOF significantly prevented the growth of E.coli O157:H7 in packed pork.This study sheds light on the potential of Ag@Cu-MOF as a promising antimicrobial material for preserving pork.
基金King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) for providing financial assistance to this study (No. PS-37-988)
文摘Soft corals are an important group of organisms that live in reef ecosystems. In this study, the chemical defense of soft coral Sinularia polydactyla against biofilm-forming bacteria was assessed. The soft coral S. polydactyla was collected from the Obhur creek of the Red Sea and the bioactive compounds were extracted under different conditions using methanol and hexane as solvents. Results revealed that the bioactive compounds produced by the soft coral S. polydactyla were active against the growth, hydrophobicity and extracellular polymeric substances production of the biofilm-forming bacteria. However, the damage or injury in soft coral tissue caused a decrease in the activity against biofilm-forming bacteria. GC-MS analysis revealed that sesquiterpenes were abundant in normal coral sample extract while cembranoids were abundant in damaged coral sample extracts. In general, the results indicated that the soft corals either under stress or with damage may not have a strong chemical defense against the colonizing marine organisms and competitors.
