From a perspective of the correlation between literature and anthropology,this paper unveils the background and characteristics of literary anthropology as an emerging subject.Through contrastive analysis of two corre...From a perspective of the correlation between literature and anthropology,this paper unveils the background and characteristics of literary anthropology as an emerging subject.Through contrastive analysis of two correlative fields,this paper focuses on "literary issues" and "anthropological issues," highlights literature's anthropological turn and the interaction between anthropology and literature,and reviews the brief history of literary anthropology in contemporary China.展开更多
At the turn of the century, the development of aesthetics encounters severe challenges and is trapped in a crisis. To get out of it, it is necessary to dig deeper in the study of aesthetics. The fact that the marginal...At the turn of the century, the development of aesthetics encounters severe challenges and is trapped in a crisis. To get out of it, it is necessary to dig deeper in the study of aesthetics. The fact that the marginal areas＇ cultural heritage, agricultural culture, industrial culture and post-industrial culture often coexist in a harmonious way in a nation or the same area attracts the attention of aesthetic anthropologists. The paper mainly analyzes the constructive relationship between the culture of marginal areas and aesthetic anthropology, and discusses how to establish a relationship between them with the help of the development model of Yunnan＇s marginal culture.展开更多
The size,shape,and physical characteristics of the human skull are distinct when considering individual humans.In physical anthropology,the accurate management of skull collections is crucial for storing and maintaini...The size,shape,and physical characteristics of the human skull are distinct when considering individual humans.In physical anthropology,the accurate management of skull collections is crucial for storing and maintaining collections in a cost-effective manner.For example,labeling skulls inaccurately or attaching printed labels to skulls can affect the authenticity of collections.Given the multiple issues associated with the manual identification of skulls,we propose an automatic human skull classification approach that uses a support vector machine and different feature extraction methods such as gray-level co-occurrence matrix features,Gabor features,fractal features,discrete wavelet transforms,and combinations of features.Each underlying facial bone exhibits unique characteristics essential to the face’s physical structure that could be exploited for identification.Therefore,we developed an automatic recognition method to classify human skulls for consistent identification compared with traditional classification approaches.Using our proposed approach,we were able to achieve an accuracy of 92.3–99.5%in the classification of human skulls with mandibles and an accuracy of 91.4–99.9%in the classification of human skills without mandibles.Our study represents a step forward in the construction of an effective automatic human skull identification system with a classification process that achieves satisfactory performance for a limited dataset of skull images.展开更多
Jean Baudrillard （1929-2007）, a leading contemporary theorist from the 1970s to the present, was deeply influenced by anthropological thought. As an outcome of his prolonged encounter with anthropology he was able t...Jean Baudrillard （1929-2007）, a leading contemporary theorist from the 1970s to the present, was deeply influenced by anthropological thought. As an outcome of his prolonged encounter with anthropology he was able to devise a unique approach to the world. This approach enabled him to play a leading role in surpassing Marxist thought and in explaining contemporary terrorist attacks such as those of September 11, 2001 in the United States. Baudrillard, who is often correctly seen as making a contribution to contemporary anthropology, is also someone who is deeply indebted to anthropology. This aspect of Baudrillard is less well understood.展开更多
A proper way of understanding humanity is not possible without knowing where humanity is from and why he is here. While there are a number of Qur＇anic verses that speak of humanity＇s creation and mission, the one th...A proper way of understanding humanity is not possible without knowing where humanity is from and why he is here. While there are a number of Qur＇anic verses that speak of humanity＇s creation and mission, the one that speaks most clearly of the telos of that creation is Al-Dhariyat 56, which reads, ＂I have not created jinn and mankind except to serve me.＂ A summary examination of some of the prominent Qur＇anic commentators and their interpretation of the verse give insight into the understanding of the telos of humanity＇s creation according to the Qur＇an. The examination of the commentaries reveals certain recurring themes. Through the revelation of the Qur＇an, one is able to know humanity＇s place and mission in the created world and thereby act accordingly.展开更多
It is very innovative significance that Chinese Literary Anthropology invents the Great Tradition in the new century and puts forward series of theoretical propositions and academic points based on it. The new Great T...It is very innovative significance that Chinese Literary Anthropology invents the Great Tradition in the new century and puts forward series of theoretical propositions and academic points based on it. The new Great Tradition transforms the opposition between the Great and Little Tradition of American anthropology, and makes the new concepts gain the legitimacy of the cultural values transferred from the old terms. It dates the second coded significance of the written culture from the material narrative and the image narrative of the oral tradition, and highlights the generative and primary of the symbolic significance. It also questions the authenticity of the written representation, endows the truth and credibility to the material and image representation, and manifests the imaginative and expression of the early human culture. Though its theoretical innovation inverts the binary opposition structure, and it wants to jump out of knowledge limits of dual structure such as structure and destruction, objective and subjective, material and spiritual.展开更多
This paper is divided into three subjects： Japanese Genghis Khan, Chinese tofu and Korean bibimbap （mixed rice with vegetables）. It will be a cross-cultural and comparative research on historic foods among three co...This paper is divided into three subjects： Japanese Genghis Khan, Chinese tofu and Korean bibimbap （mixed rice with vegetables）. It will be a cross-cultural and comparative research on historic foods among three countries （Japan, China, and Korea）, in relation to national culinary identity.展开更多
Chinese literary anthropology, growing out of comparative literature and cross-cultural studies at the end of the 20th century, is a notably innovative research paradigm in contemporary Chinese humanities and enters a...Chinese literary anthropology, growing out of comparative literature and cross-cultural studies at the end of the 20th century, is a notably innovative research paradigm in contemporary Chinese humanities and enters a new stage at the beginning of the 21st century. Firstly, this essay attempts to interpret how Chinese literary anthropology responds accordingly to the new development of international anthropology and mythology, updates the postmodern concept of myth knowledge of Confucian myth and the pattern of the mythological knowledge, thereby constructing the core in modern Chinese context. Afterward, it discusses the differences between the great tradition and the little tradition, and the significance of returning to the sacred context. Last, the focus of archetypal criticism in the context of Chinese anthropology has moved from literary concerns to cultural concerns and employing the quadruple evidences and five kinds of narratives to comprehensively interpret Confucian classics.展开更多
Chinese red refers to a key visual symbol of the multiethnic Chinese nation. From naming to local color preference, the visual experience accumulation in Chinese red lies not just in the solitary and fossilized histor...Chinese red refers to a key visual symbol of the multiethnic Chinese nation. From naming to local color preference, the visual experience accumulation in Chinese red lies not just in the solitary and fossilized historical relics, but in a ceaseless and dynamic process of formation, recognition, conversion and transmission. Moreover, the symbolic constitution and ethnic identi cation of Chinese red exempli es historical accomplishments in local exchanges of artifacts, technologies, systems, and outlooks with foreign partners. Therefore, as part of the country's cultural heritage, Chinese red also encompasses two aspects, cultural integration based on its identification and artistic productivity with a focus on di erentiation.展开更多
Development is achieved neither from the vacuum nor from the abstract. It takes place in a social context and responds to specific social conditions. Many countries in Africa （especially in the sub-Saharan area） con...Development is achieved neither from the vacuum nor from the abstract. It takes place in a social context and responds to specific social conditions. Many countries in Africa （especially in the sub-Saharan area） consider that the main potential contribution an agenda for socio-economic development could provide would be to put socio-anthropoiogical studies of development back at the center of concerns. Likewise, the nature of the commitment of theorists and practitioners of yesterday and today, in a context that is described as post-colonial, especially around development projects policies, is to encourage more comprehensive and effective new approaches with regard to development in Africa. Moreover, achieving development requires also global actions to deliver on the legitimate aspiration towards further economic and social progress, requiring growth and employment, and at the same time strengthening the education system by using academic institutions, and systems to the right to make decisions about programs, quality standards, and a veriety of other educational factors.展开更多
The essay describes a common research field between rhetoric and anthropology composed by these elements:(1)the forms and model of verbal language;(2)the analysis of the peculiar properties of orality;(3)the elements ...The essay describes a common research field between rhetoric and anthropology composed by these elements:(1)the forms and model of verbal language;(2)the analysis of the peculiar properties of orality;(3)the elements of distinction between orality and literacy;(4)the study of factors and conditions that make the spoken word effective,and in the fact that it can exercise persuasive power over the people to whom it is addressed.These topics have been analyzed by prominent authors such as Gorgias,Aristotle,Cicero,Perelman,Goody,Lévi-Strauss.展开更多
The era of cultural sharing marks itself mainly in the following three aspects: First, the virtual presence which bridges the world together and further broadens our horizons to observe the world in an even more exten...The era of cultural sharing marks itself mainly in the following three aspects: First, the virtual presence which bridges the world together and further broadens our horizons to observe the world in an even more extensive way. Second, the formerly stable structural relationship between peripheral regions and central regions gradually grows uncertain. Third, the establishment of cyberized roads or the cyberized expansion of roads leads the advance toward a global connectivity where the virtual world closely interacts with the real world. After "the Belt" concept comes into being, the anthropologists must upgrade their research from previously established fixed-point perspective to a more extensive observation over the "Belt" or a wider range, while the concept of "the Road" encourages anthropologists to study the culture of the other half of the world, namely, to read the world history as a whole new picture from a Chinese or eastern point of view. It is necessary for anthropology to break the geological and cultural borders in the real world to extend its antenna to a more extensive range, which will also bring the "otherness" of this field to a more prominent and obvious play. It is inevitable that all human cultures are about to take a core standing in the Belt and Road Initiative.展开更多
The methodology of science and technology is a theory concerning general scientific and technical research methods, and its essence belongs to the category of understanding and thinking. Through the study of science a...The methodology of science and technology is a theory concerning general scientific and technical research methods, and its essence belongs to the category of understanding and thinking. Through the study of science and technology methodologies and approaches on the general process of scientific research and technology research, one can grasp the mainstream of modern scientific thinking pattern and means, helping to solve the general regular problems of scientific and technological research. Starting from modern science and technology point of view, this article elaborated the impact of modern scientific progress had on the development of philosophical anthropology from different angles.展开更多
The Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)takes pride in its timehonored academic research covering an extensive and refined disciplinary spectrum of paleontology and paleoanthropology,spanning from invertebrate paleontolog...The Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)takes pride in its timehonored academic research covering an extensive and refined disciplinary spectrum of paleontology and paleoanthropology,spanning from invertebrate paleontology,vertebrate paleontology,biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy,to paleoanthropology.Over the past four decades,a lot of heart-stopping discoveries have emerged from these fields,thanks to the long-term efforts made by generations of CAS scholars and their cooperators.展开更多
Computed tomography(CT)has influenced numerous fields since its inception in the 1970s.The field of palaeoanthropology significantly benefited from this efficient and non-invasive medium in terms of the conservation,r...Computed tomography(CT)has influenced numerous fields since its inception in the 1970s.The field of palaeoanthropology significantly benefited from this efficient and non-invasive medium in terms of the conservation,reconstruction and analysis of fossil human remains.Over the past decade,there has been a steady increase in the number of forensic anthropological studies incorporating virtual osteological analyses.Because of the increasing importance of these modern cross-sectional imaging techniques and the requirement for standardized parameters in forensic science,we deemed it important to outline the history and development of CT applications in these related academic areas.The present paper outlines the history of“virtual anthropology”and osteological multi-detector CT in the context of palaeoanthropology and forensic anthropology.展开更多
First Published:2020 ISBN:9781421438740 Published by John Hopkins Press https://www.press.jhu.edu“The geological imagination of India,its landscapes,people,past and destiny,drive the narrative of this book”,Pratik C...First Published:2020 ISBN:9781421438740 Published by John Hopkins Press https://www.press.jhu.edu“The geological imagination of India,its landscapes,people,past and destiny,drive the narrative of this book”,Pratik Chakrabarti writes in his introduction to Inscriptions of Nature.His ambitious work examines the development of the natural and anthropological sciences on the Indian subcontinent since the early 19th century,and the shaping of knowledge about Indian nature through the exploration of its deep past:an exploration that dug not only into the depths of the earth,but also into ancient history,texts,myths,legends,folklore and the genealogies of local populations.This in-depth study not only combines the history of geology,paleontology,anthropology and ethnography,it also finely analyzes the interactions between the theoretical framework of scientific knowledge imported from Europe and local history,mythologies and indigenous beliefs.展开更多
This paper employs the theories and methods of music anthropology to conduct a deep analysis of the newly composed Guangdong Han Opera“Tianfeng Haiyu Meihuadu.”By exploring its musical forms,performance rituals,and ...This paper employs the theories and methods of music anthropology to conduct a deep analysis of the newly composed Guangdong Han Opera“Tianfeng Haiyu Meihuadu.”By exploring its musical forms,performance rituals,and the cultural connotations of the Hakka people,it reveals the unique cultural memory embedded in the musical aspects of the opera.The study finds that“Tianfeng Haiyu Meihuadu”is not only a representative work of the newly composed Guangdong Han Opera but also an important carrier of Hakka cultural inheritance and dissemination.Its music and performance are closely linked to the history,emotions,and social life of the Hakka people,providing a vivid example for understanding the characteristics of Hakka culture and the functions of musical culture.展开更多
Background:This essay mainly explores the theoretical roots of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practice in the Han Dynasty.It places individual small lives in the big life of heaven,earth and the universe and looks a...Background:This essay mainly explores the theoretical roots of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practice in the Han Dynasty.It places individual small lives in the big life of heaven,earth and the universe and looks at life’s occurrence,development and death from a broader cosmology perspective,and thus provide the“Great Harmony between Heaven and Human”in the Huangdi Neijing(Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor)of the Han Dynasty.Methods:This paper mainly uses the analysis method of literature review and philosophical concepts.It uses the image-number logic thinking method of I Ching to compare images with analogy and the holistic thinking method of the three-talent view of heaven,earth,and man to understand life.Results:It is mainly reflected in three aspects:(1)One Yin and one Yang are called Tao((1)Yin Yang as the coherent fabric of nature and mind,exhibited in all existence,(2)Yin Yang as Jiao(interaction)between the waxing and waning of the cosmic and human realms,and(3)Yin Yang as a process of harmonization ensuring a constant,dynamic balance of all things);(2)The way of life in the Book of Changes;and(3)The Unity of the Way of Heaven and the Way of TCM.Conclusion:The main medical thought laid the theoretical foundation of early practice and the development model of life cognition.It is still worthy of continuous exploration,development,and innovation in contemporary philosophy and life sciences.展开更多
Virtual anthropology(VA)is based on applying anthropological methods currently used to analyse bones to 3D models of human remains.While great advances have been made in this endeavour in the past decade,several inter...Virtual anthropology(VA)is based on applying anthropological methods currently used to analyse bones to 3D models of human remains.While great advances have been made in this endeavour in the past decade,several interrogations concerning how reliable these models are and what their proper use should be remain unanswered.In this research,a fundamental assumption of VA has been investigated:if the way we perceive and apply an anthropological method is truly similar when looking at bones macroscopically and through various 3D media.In order to answer,10 skulls of known age and sex were scanned using a computed tomography(CT)scanner and a 3D surface scanner.Two observers separately applied a defined staging method to eight suture sites on these skulls,first looking at the bone macroscopically,then at the 3D surface scan,and finally on the CT scan.Two rounds of observation were carried out by each observer.Intra-and inter-observer error were evaluated,and two sample t-tests used to evaluate if the different types of medium used yielded significantly different observations.The results show a high degree of inter-observer error,and that data obtained from 3D surface scans differ from macroscopic observation(confidence level 95%,P≤0.05).CT scans,in these settings,yielded results comparable to those obtained through macroscopic observations.These results offer many possibilities for future research,including indications on the kind of anthropological methods and anatomical landmarks that might be reliably transferable to the virtual environment.All current methods used in traditional anthropology should be tested,and if they prove unreliable,new techniques to analyse bones from virtual models should be developed.展开更多
文摘From a perspective of the correlation between literature and anthropology,this paper unveils the background and characteristics of literary anthropology as an emerging subject.Through contrastive analysis of two correlative fields,this paper focuses on "literary issues" and "anthropological issues," highlights literature's anthropological turn and the interaction between anthropology and literature,and reviews the brief history of literary anthropology in contemporary China.
基金Acknowledgements： This paper was sponsored by China National Social Science Foundation ＂Research on the Fundamental Problems of the Contemporary Aesthetics and Criticism Patterns＂ （15ZDB023）.
文摘At the turn of the century, the development of aesthetics encounters severe challenges and is trapped in a crisis. To get out of it, it is necessary to dig deeper in the study of aesthetics. The fact that the marginal areas＇ cultural heritage, agricultural culture, industrial culture and post-industrial culture often coexist in a harmonious way in a nation or the same area attracts the attention of aesthetic anthropologists. The paper mainly analyzes the constructive relationship between the culture of marginal areas and aesthetic anthropology, and discusses how to establish a relationship between them with the help of the development model of Yunnan＇s marginal culture.
基金The work of I.Yuadi and A.T.Asyhari has been supported in part by Universitas Airlangga through International Collaboration Funding(Mobility Staff Exchange).
文摘The size,shape,and physical characteristics of the human skull are distinct when considering individual humans.In physical anthropology,the accurate management of skull collections is crucial for storing and maintaining collections in a cost-effective manner.For example,labeling skulls inaccurately or attaching printed labels to skulls can affect the authenticity of collections.Given the multiple issues associated with the manual identification of skulls,we propose an automatic human skull classification approach that uses a support vector machine and different feature extraction methods such as gray-level co-occurrence matrix features,Gabor features,fractal features,discrete wavelet transforms,and combinations of features.Each underlying facial bone exhibits unique characteristics essential to the face’s physical structure that could be exploited for identification.Therefore,we developed an automatic recognition method to classify human skulls for consistent identification compared with traditional classification approaches.Using our proposed approach,we were able to achieve an accuracy of 92.3–99.5%in the classification of human skulls with mandibles and an accuracy of 91.4–99.9%in the classification of human skills without mandibles.Our study represents a step forward in the construction of an effective automatic human skull identification system with a classification process that achieves satisfactory performance for a limited dataset of skull images.
文摘Jean Baudrillard （1929-2007）, a leading contemporary theorist from the 1970s to the present, was deeply influenced by anthropological thought. As an outcome of his prolonged encounter with anthropology he was able to devise a unique approach to the world. This approach enabled him to play a leading role in surpassing Marxist thought and in explaining contemporary terrorist attacks such as those of September 11, 2001 in the United States. Baudrillard, who is often correctly seen as making a contribution to contemporary anthropology, is also someone who is deeply indebted to anthropology. This aspect of Baudrillard is less well understood.
文摘A proper way of understanding humanity is not possible without knowing where humanity is from and why he is here. While there are a number of Qur＇anic verses that speak of humanity＇s creation and mission, the one that speaks most clearly of the telos of that creation is Al-Dhariyat 56, which reads, ＂I have not created jinn and mankind except to serve me.＂ A summary examination of some of the prominent Qur＇anic commentators and their interpretation of the verse give insight into the understanding of the telos of humanity＇s creation according to the Qur＇an. The examination of the commentaries reveals certain recurring themes. Through the revelation of the Qur＇an, one is able to know humanity＇s place and mission in the created world and thereby act accordingly.
文摘It is very innovative significance that Chinese Literary Anthropology invents the Great Tradition in the new century and puts forward series of theoretical propositions and academic points based on it. The new Great Tradition transforms the opposition between the Great and Little Tradition of American anthropology, and makes the new concepts gain the legitimacy of the cultural values transferred from the old terms. It dates the second coded significance of the written culture from the material narrative and the image narrative of the oral tradition, and highlights the generative and primary of the symbolic significance. It also questions the authenticity of the written representation, endows the truth and credibility to the material and image representation, and manifests the imaginative and expression of the early human culture. Though its theoretical innovation inverts the binary opposition structure, and it wants to jump out of knowledge limits of dual structure such as structure and destruction, objective and subjective, material and spiritual.
文摘This paper is divided into three subjects： Japanese Genghis Khan, Chinese tofu and Korean bibimbap （mixed rice with vegetables）. It will be a cross-cultural and comparative research on historic foods among three countries （Japan, China, and Korea）, in relation to national culinary identity.
文摘Chinese literary anthropology, growing out of comparative literature and cross-cultural studies at the end of the 20th century, is a notably innovative research paradigm in contemporary Chinese humanities and enters a new stage at the beginning of the 21st century. Firstly, this essay attempts to interpret how Chinese literary anthropology responds accordingly to the new development of international anthropology and mythology, updates the postmodern concept of myth knowledge of Confucian myth and the pattern of the mythological knowledge, thereby constructing the core in modern Chinese context. Afterward, it discusses the differences between the great tradition and the little tradition, and the significance of returning to the sacred context. Last, the focus of archetypal criticism in the context of Chinese anthropology has moved from literary concerns to cultural concerns and employing the quadruple evidences and five kinds of narratives to comprehensively interpret Confucian classics.
基金"The Study of the Homogeneous Risks and Strategy for Ethnic Minority Traditional Village Landscaping in China’s Urbanization"a major program funded by National Social Sciences Fund(17BMZ061)
文摘Chinese red refers to a key visual symbol of the multiethnic Chinese nation. From naming to local color preference, the visual experience accumulation in Chinese red lies not just in the solitary and fossilized historical relics, but in a ceaseless and dynamic process of formation, recognition, conversion and transmission. Moreover, the symbolic constitution and ethnic identi cation of Chinese red exempli es historical accomplishments in local exchanges of artifacts, technologies, systems, and outlooks with foreign partners. Therefore, as part of the country's cultural heritage, Chinese red also encompasses two aspects, cultural integration based on its identification and artistic productivity with a focus on di erentiation.
文摘Development is achieved neither from the vacuum nor from the abstract. It takes place in a social context and responds to specific social conditions. Many countries in Africa （especially in the sub-Saharan area） consider that the main potential contribution an agenda for socio-economic development could provide would be to put socio-anthropoiogical studies of development back at the center of concerns. Likewise, the nature of the commitment of theorists and practitioners of yesterday and today, in a context that is described as post-colonial, especially around development projects policies, is to encourage more comprehensive and effective new approaches with regard to development in Africa. Moreover, achieving development requires also global actions to deliver on the legitimate aspiration towards further economic and social progress, requiring growth and employment, and at the same time strengthening the education system by using academic institutions, and systems to the right to make decisions about programs, quality standards, and a veriety of other educational factors.
文摘The essay describes a common research field between rhetoric and anthropology composed by these elements:(1)the forms and model of verbal language;(2)the analysis of the peculiar properties of orality;(3)the elements of distinction between orality and literacy;(4)the study of factors and conditions that make the spoken word effective,and in the fact that it can exercise persuasive power over the people to whom it is addressed.These topics have been analyzed by prominent authors such as Gorgias,Aristotle,Cicero,Perelman,Goody,Lévi-Strauss.
基金Initial achievement for the participation of ethnic regions in the strategic research of the Belt and Road Initiative under the background of cultural transformation(2016-GMA-004)a research project on ethnic issues under the State Ethnic Affairs Commission(2016)
文摘The era of cultural sharing marks itself mainly in the following three aspects: First, the virtual presence which bridges the world together and further broadens our horizons to observe the world in an even more extensive way. Second, the formerly stable structural relationship between peripheral regions and central regions gradually grows uncertain. Third, the establishment of cyberized roads or the cyberized expansion of roads leads the advance toward a global connectivity where the virtual world closely interacts with the real world. After "the Belt" concept comes into being, the anthropologists must upgrade their research from previously established fixed-point perspective to a more extensive observation over the "Belt" or a wider range, while the concept of "the Road" encourages anthropologists to study the culture of the other half of the world, namely, to read the world history as a whole new picture from a Chinese or eastern point of view. It is necessary for anthropology to break the geological and cultural borders in the real world to extend its antenna to a more extensive range, which will also bring the "otherness" of this field to a more prominent and obvious play. It is inevitable that all human cultures are about to take a core standing in the Belt and Road Initiative.
文摘The methodology of science and technology is a theory concerning general scientific and technical research methods, and its essence belongs to the category of understanding and thinking. Through the study of science and technology methodologies and approaches on the general process of scientific research and technology research, one can grasp the mainstream of modern scientific thinking pattern and means, helping to solve the general regular problems of scientific and technological research. Starting from modern science and technology point of view, this article elaborated the impact of modern scientific progress had on the development of philosophical anthropology from different angles.
文摘The Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)takes pride in its timehonored academic research covering an extensive and refined disciplinary spectrum of paleontology and paleoanthropology,spanning from invertebrate paleontology,vertebrate paleontology,biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy,to paleoanthropology.Over the past four decades,a lot of heart-stopping discoveries have emerged from these fields,thanks to the long-term efforts made by generations of CAS scholars and their cooperators.
文摘Computed tomography(CT)has influenced numerous fields since its inception in the 1970s.The field of palaeoanthropology significantly benefited from this efficient and non-invasive medium in terms of the conservation,reconstruction and analysis of fossil human remains.Over the past decade,there has been a steady increase in the number of forensic anthropological studies incorporating virtual osteological analyses.Because of the increasing importance of these modern cross-sectional imaging techniques and the requirement for standardized parameters in forensic science,we deemed it important to outline the history and development of CT applications in these related academic areas.The present paper outlines the history of“virtual anthropology”and osteological multi-detector CT in the context of palaeoanthropology and forensic anthropology.
文摘First Published:2020 ISBN:9781421438740 Published by John Hopkins Press https://www.press.jhu.edu“The geological imagination of India,its landscapes,people,past and destiny,drive the narrative of this book”,Pratik Chakrabarti writes in his introduction to Inscriptions of Nature.His ambitious work examines the development of the natural and anthropological sciences on the Indian subcontinent since the early 19th century,and the shaping of knowledge about Indian nature through the exploration of its deep past:an exploration that dug not only into the depths of the earth,but also into ancient history,texts,myths,legends,folklore and the genealogies of local populations.This in-depth study not only combines the history of geology,paleontology,anthropology and ethnography,it also finely analyzes the interactions between the theoretical framework of scientific knowledge imported from Europe and local history,mythologies and indigenous beliefs.
基金supported by the sub-topic“Research on Language Folklore Art”of the 2022 China National Social Science Fund Art Major Project“Theoretical and Practical Research on Chinese Art Folklore”(Moderator:Professor Bo Dong)’s phased research results(Grant No.22ZD06).
文摘This paper employs the theories and methods of music anthropology to conduct a deep analysis of the newly composed Guangdong Han Opera“Tianfeng Haiyu Meihuadu.”By exploring its musical forms,performance rituals,and the cultural connotations of the Hakka people,it reveals the unique cultural memory embedded in the musical aspects of the opera.The study finds that“Tianfeng Haiyu Meihuadu”is not only a representative work of the newly composed Guangdong Han Opera but also an important carrier of Hakka cultural inheritance and dissemination.Its music and performance are closely linked to the history,emotions,and social life of the Hakka people,providing a vivid example for understanding the characteristics of Hakka culture and the functions of musical culture.
基金The National Social Science Foundation Project“Research on Chinese Life Wisdom from the Perspective of Creative Transformation and Innovative Development”(22ZDA082).
文摘Background:This essay mainly explores the theoretical roots of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practice in the Han Dynasty.It places individual small lives in the big life of heaven,earth and the universe and looks at life’s occurrence,development and death from a broader cosmology perspective,and thus provide the“Great Harmony between Heaven and Human”in the Huangdi Neijing(Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor)of the Han Dynasty.Methods:This paper mainly uses the analysis method of literature review and philosophical concepts.It uses the image-number logic thinking method of I Ching to compare images with analogy and the holistic thinking method of the three-talent view of heaven,earth,and man to understand life.Results:It is mainly reflected in three aspects:(1)One Yin and one Yang are called Tao((1)Yin Yang as the coherent fabric of nature and mind,exhibited in all existence,(2)Yin Yang as Jiao(interaction)between the waxing and waning of the cosmic and human realms,and(3)Yin Yang as a process of harmonization ensuring a constant,dynamic balance of all things);(2)The way of life in the Book of Changes;and(3)The Unity of the Way of Heaven and the Way of TCM.Conclusion:The main medical thought laid the theoretical foundation of early practice and the development model of life cognition.It is still worthy of continuous exploration,development,and innovation in contemporary philosophy and life sciences.
文摘Virtual anthropology(VA)is based on applying anthropological methods currently used to analyse bones to 3D models of human remains.While great advances have been made in this endeavour in the past decade,several interrogations concerning how reliable these models are and what their proper use should be remain unanswered.In this research,a fundamental assumption of VA has been investigated:if the way we perceive and apply an anthropological method is truly similar when looking at bones macroscopically and through various 3D media.In order to answer,10 skulls of known age and sex were scanned using a computed tomography(CT)scanner and a 3D surface scanner.Two observers separately applied a defined staging method to eight suture sites on these skulls,first looking at the bone macroscopically,then at the 3D surface scan,and finally on the CT scan.Two rounds of observation were carried out by each observer.Intra-and inter-observer error were evaluated,and two sample t-tests used to evaluate if the different types of medium used yielded significantly different observations.The results show a high degree of inter-observer error,and that data obtained from 3D surface scans differ from macroscopic observation(confidence level 95%,P≤0.05).CT scans,in these settings,yielded results comparable to those obtained through macroscopic observations.These results offer many possibilities for future research,including indications on the kind of anthropological methods and anatomical landmarks that might be reliably transferable to the virtual environment.All current methods used in traditional anthropology should be tested,and if they prove unreliable,new techniques to analyse bones from virtual models should be developed.
