内陆湿地与水体(如湖泊、河流、水库等)是温室气体甲烷的重要排放源。微生物介导的甲烷厌氧氧化(anaerobic oxidation of methane,AOM)反应在控制内陆湿地与水体甲烷排放中起着不可忽视的作用,对缓解全球温室效应具有重要意义。内陆湿...内陆湿地与水体(如湖泊、河流、水库等)是温室气体甲烷的重要排放源。微生物介导的甲烷厌氧氧化(anaerobic oxidation of methane,AOM)反应在控制内陆湿地与水体甲烷排放中起着不可忽视的作用,对缓解全球温室效应具有重要意义。内陆湿地与水体易形成缺氧环境,且电子受体的种类和数量繁多,是发生AOM反应的理想生境。近年来,不断有研究表明,内陆湿地与水体中存在多种电子受体(NO^(-)_(2)、NO^(-)_(3)、SO^(2-)_(4)、Fe(Ⅲ)等)驱动的AOM途径。NC10门细菌和甲烷厌氧氧化古菌(anaerobic methanotrophic archaea,ANME)的一新分支ANME^(-)_(2)d主导了湿地和水体环境中的AOM反应,其中ANME^(-)_(2)d具有根据环境条件选择不同电子受体的潜力。研究系统综述了内陆湿地与水体中不同电子受体驱动的AOM途径及其参与的主要功能微生物类群;分析了AOM反应在控制温室气体甲烷排放中的作用及其环境影响因素;总结了相关功能微生物的分子生物学检测方法及甲烷厌氧氧化活性测定的同位素示踪技术。最后,对未来相关研究方向进行了展望。展开更多
Azo dyes are widely applied in the textile industry but are not entirely consumed during the dyeing process and can thus be discharged to the environment in wastewater.However,azo dyes can be degraded using various el...Azo dyes are widely applied in the textile industry but are not entirely consumed during the dyeing process and can thus be discharged to the environment in wastewater.However,azo dyes can be degraded using various electron donors,and in this paper,Acid Orange 7(AO7)degradation performance is investigated using methane(CH4)as the sole electron donor.Methane has multiple sources and is readily available and inexpensive.Experiments using ^(13)C-labeled isotopes showed that AO7 degradation was coupled with anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM)and,subsequently,affected by the initial concentrations of AO7.Higher concentrations of AO7 could inhibit the activity of microorganisms,which was confirmed by the long-term performance of AO7 degradation,with maximum removal rates of 8.94 mg/(L·d)in a batch reactor and 280 mg/(L·d)in a hollow fiber membrane bioreactor(HfMBR).High-throughput sequencing using 16S rRNA genes showed that Candidatus Methanoperedens,affiliated to ANME-2d,dominated the microbial community in the batch reactor and HfMBR.Additionally,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria bacteria(Phenylobacterium,Pseudomonas,and Geothermobacter)improved after AO7 degradation.This outcome suggested that ANME-2d alone,or acting synergistically with partner bacteria,played a key role in the process of AO7 degradation coupled with AOM.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51178444 and 51878175)the Program for Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology in Fujian Province University(No.IRTSTFJ)and the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NU1ST.
文摘Azo dyes are widely applied in the textile industry but are not entirely consumed during the dyeing process and can thus be discharged to the environment in wastewater.However,azo dyes can be degraded using various electron donors,and in this paper,Acid Orange 7(AO7)degradation performance is investigated using methane(CH4)as the sole electron donor.Methane has multiple sources and is readily available and inexpensive.Experiments using ^(13)C-labeled isotopes showed that AO7 degradation was coupled with anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM)and,subsequently,affected by the initial concentrations of AO7.Higher concentrations of AO7 could inhibit the activity of microorganisms,which was confirmed by the long-term performance of AO7 degradation,with maximum removal rates of 8.94 mg/(L·d)in a batch reactor and 280 mg/(L·d)in a hollow fiber membrane bioreactor(HfMBR).High-throughput sequencing using 16S rRNA genes showed that Candidatus Methanoperedens,affiliated to ANME-2d,dominated the microbial community in the batch reactor and HfMBR.Additionally,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria bacteria(Phenylobacterium,Pseudomonas,and Geothermobacter)improved after AO7 degradation.This outcome suggested that ANME-2d alone,or acting synergistically with partner bacteria,played a key role in the process of AO7 degradation coupled with AOM.
