The application of generative artificial intelligence(AI)is bringing about notable changes in anime creation.This paper surveys recent advancements and applications of diffusion and language models in anime generation...The application of generative artificial intelligence(AI)is bringing about notable changes in anime creation.This paper surveys recent advancements and applications of diffusion and language models in anime generation,focusing on their demonstrated potential to enhance production efficiency through automation and personalization.Despite these benefits,it is crucial to acknowledge the substantial initial computational investments required for training and deploying these models.We conduct an in-depth survey of cutting-edge generative AI technologies,encompassing models such as Stable Diffusion and GPT,and appraise pivotal large-scale datasets alongside quantifiable evaluation metrics.Review of the surveyed literature indicates the achievement of considerable maturity in the capacity of AI models to synthesize high-quality,aesthetically compelling anime visual images from textual prompts,alongside discernible progress in the generation of coherent narratives.However,achieving perfect long-form consistency,mitigating artifacts like flickering in video sequences,and enabling fine-grained artistic control remain critical ongoing challenges.Building upon these advancements,research efforts have increasingly pivoted towards the synthesis of higher-dimensional content,such as video and three-dimensional assets,with recent studies demonstrating significant progress in this burgeoning field.Nevertheless,formidable challenges endure amidst these advancements.Foremost among these are the substantial computational exigencies requisite for training and deploying these sophisticated models,particularly pronounced in the realm of high-dimensional generation such as video synthesis.Additional persistent hurdles include maintaining spatial-temporal consistency across complex scenes and mitigating ethical considerations surrounding bias and the preservation of human creative autonomy.This research underscores the transformative potential and inherent complexities of AI-driven synergy within the creative industries.We posit that future research should be dedicated to the synergistic fusion of diffusion and autoregressive models,the integration of multimodal inputs,and the balanced consideration of ethical implications,particularly regarding bias and the preservation of human creative autonomy,thereby establishing a robust foundation for the advancement of anime creation and the broader landscape of AI-driven content generation.展开更多
The link between film/drama-induced tourism and the Internet to promote the destination apart from purchase intention has been studied for a long while. By using cinema hall and television, cost-efficient promotion to...The link between film/drama-induced tourism and the Internet to promote the destination apart from purchase intention has been studied for a long while. By using cinema hall and television, cost-efficient promotion tools were shaped. Anime consisting of digital drawing techniques has been one of the most remarkable examples in terms of promotion of destination and culture as well. In this paper, to evaluate the travel intention of watchers in Turkish anime forums to Japan, open ended questions based on the model of purchase intention were presented to members and followers in two popular anime forums via the Internet. The responses of 31 participants were analyzed. The results demonstrated that participants＇ purchase intention has been enhanced as the consequence of watching anime series.展开更多
The rise of the anirne subculture assembles the huge youth groups in the construction of the socialist core value system, and provides a new carrier and injected into the innovative dynamic. At the same time, their pe...The rise of the anirne subculture assembles the huge youth groups in the construction of the socialist core value system, and provides a new carrier and injected into the innovative dynamic. At the same time, their perverse behavior and exaggerated style of dress and the strange language constitute the alienation and challenges of a core value system. It should strengthen the ideological review and classification management, with the criticism of the mainstream media to enhance the vigilance of the community, as well as through commercial activities to digest rebel style, which is the effective way to promote the core value system.展开更多
Anime movie is a branch of cinematics.Unlike traditional movies,anime movies stand out with special characteristics in terms of how they shape the personality of the characters and how they portray the inner world of ...Anime movie is a branch of cinematics.Unlike traditional movies,anime movies stand out with special characteristics in terms of how they shape the personality of the characters and how they portray the inner world of those characters.“Realism”and“surrealism”are important elements in anime movies to portray the stories.In this article,the special aesthetic of anime movies is analyzed using the works produced by Hayao Miyazaki.The internal conflict between“realism”and“surrealism”is analyzed in order to understand the character image and story theme in an in-depth manner.展开更多
Cartoons serve as significant sources of entertainment for children and adolescents.However,numerous animated videos contain unsuitable content,such as violence,eroticism,abuse,and vehicular accidents.Current content ...Cartoons serve as significant sources of entertainment for children and adolescents.However,numerous animated videos contain unsuitable content,such as violence,eroticism,abuse,and vehicular accidents.Current content detection methods rely on manual inspection,which is resource-intensive,time-consuming,and not always reliable.Therefore,more efficient detection methods are necessary to safeguard young viewers.This paper addresses this significant problem by proposing a novel deep learning-based system,AnimeNet,designed to detect varying degrees of violent and erotic content in videos.AnimeNet utilizes a novel Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)model to extract image features effectively,classifying violent and erotic scenes in videos and images.The novelty of the work lies in the introduction of a novel channel-spatial attention module,enhancing the feature extraction performance of the CNN model,an advancement over previous efforts in the literature.To validate the approach,I compared AnimeNet with state-of-the-art classification methods,including ResNet,RegNet,ConvNext,ViT,and MobileNet.These were used to identify violent and erotic scenes within specific video frames.The results showed that AnimeNet outperformed these models,proving it to be well-suited for real-time applications in videos or images.This work presents a significant leap forward in automatic content detection in animation,offering a high-accuracy solution that is less resource-intensive and more reliable than current methods.The proposed approach enables it possible to better protect young audiences from exposure to unsuitable content,underlining its importance and potential for broad social impact.展开更多
This study takes the children’s animation IP“Brave Brother Ah Niu”as a case study,where the animation IP refers not merely to a single work,but rather to a core content asset capable of multi-dimensional developmen...This study takes the children’s animation IP“Brave Brother Ah Niu”as a case study,where the animation IP refers not merely to a single work,but rather to a core content asset capable of multi-dimensional development and possessing long-term commercial value,such as a well-known character,story,or worldview.This case is used to explore the path for children’s animation IP to empower the deep integration of cultural tourism based on Bourdieu’s field theory.In response to the current challenges of fragmentation,superficial symbolization,and capital feedback disruption in development,a three-field transformation framework of“cultural production-media practiceindustrial consumption”is constructed,and an integration mechanism of“empowerment-translation-feedback”is proposed.This study provides a replicable theoretical model and practical path for the Ah Niu IP and similar regional children’s animation IPs to overcome the bottleneck of cultural tourism integration,achieve cultural inheritance,and enhance the industrial value.展开更多
Traumatic brain injury can be categorized into primary and secondary injuries.Secondary injuries are the main cause of disability following traumatic brain injury,which involves a complex multicellular cascade.Microgl...Traumatic brain injury can be categorized into primary and secondary injuries.Secondary injuries are the main cause of disability following traumatic brain injury,which involves a complex multicellular cascade.Microglia play an important role in secondary injury and can be activated in response to traumatic brain injury.In this article,we review the origin and classification of microglia as well as the dynamic changes of microglia in traumatic brain injury.We also clarify the microglial polarization pathways and the therapeutic drugs targeting activated microglia.We found that regulating the signaling pathways involved in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory microglia,such as the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B,mitogen-activated protein kinase,Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B,Notch,and high mobility group box 1 pathways,can alleviate the inflammatory response triggered by microglia in traumatic brain injury,thereby exerting neuroprotective effects.We also reviewed the strategies developed on the basis of these pathways,such as drug and cell replacement therapies.Drugs that modulate inflammatory factors,such as rosuvastatin,have been shown to promote the polarization of antiinflammatory microglia and reduce the inflammatory response caused by traumatic brain injury.Mesenchymal stem cells possess anti-inflammatory properties,and clinical studies have confirmed their significant efficacy and safety in patients with traumatic brain injury.Additionally,advancements in mesenchymal stem cell-delivery methods—such as combinations of novel biomaterials,genetic engineering,and mesenchymal stem cell exosome therapy—have greatly enhanced the efficiency and therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells in animal models.However,numerous challenges in the application of drug and mesenchymal stem cell treatment strategies remain to be addressed.In the future,new technologies,such as single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis,can facilitate further experimental studies.Moreover,research involving non-human primates can help translate these treatment strategies to clinical practice.展开更多
Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food mater...Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.展开更多
The automatic colorization of anime line drawings is a challenging problem in production pipelines.Recent advances in deep neural networks have addressed this problem;however,collectingmany images of colorization targ...The automatic colorization of anime line drawings is a challenging problem in production pipelines.Recent advances in deep neural networks have addressed this problem;however,collectingmany images of colorization targets in novel anime work before the colorization process starts leads to chicken-and-egg problems and has become an obstacle to using them in production pipelines.To overcome this obstacle,we propose a new patch-based learning method for few-shot anime-style colorization.The learning method adopts an efficient patch sampling technique with position embedding according to the characteristics of anime line drawings.We also present a continuous learning strategy that continuously updates our colorization model using new samples colorized by human artists.The advantage of our method is that it can learn our colorization model from scratch or pre-trained weights using only a few pre-and post-colorized line drawings that are created by artists in their usual colorization work.Therefore,our method can be easily incorporated within existing production pipelines.We quantitatively demonstrate that our colorizationmethod outperforms state-of-the-art methods.展开更多
BACKGROUND Non-erosive reflux disease(NERD),the main gastroesophageal reflux subtype,features reflux symptoms without mucosal damage.Anxiety links to visceral hypersensitivity in NERD,yet mechanisms and animal models ...BACKGROUND Non-erosive reflux disease(NERD),the main gastroesophageal reflux subtype,features reflux symptoms without mucosal damage.Anxiety links to visceral hypersensitivity in NERD,yet mechanisms and animal models are unclear.AIM To establish a translational NERD rat model with anxiety comorbidity via tail clamping and study corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)-mediated neuroimmune pathways in visceral hypersensitivity and esophageal injury.METHODS Sprague-Dawley(SD)and Wistar rats were grouped into sham,model,and modified groups(n=10 each).The treatments for the modified groups were as follows:SD rats received ovalbumin/aluminum hydroxide suspension+acid perfusion±tail clamping(40 minutes/day for 7 days),while Wistar rats received fructose water+tail clamping.Esophageal pathology,visceral sensitivity,and behavior were assessed.Serum CRH,calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and mast cell tryptase(MCT)and central amygdala(CeA)CRH mRNA were measured via ELISA and qRT-PCR.RESULTS Tail clamping induced anxiety,worsening visceral hypersensitivity(lower abdominal withdrawal reflex thresholds,P<0.05)and esophageal injury(dilated intercellular spaces and mitochondrial edema).Both models showed raised serum CRH,CGRP,5-HT,and MCT(P<0.01)and CeA CRH mRNA expression(P<0.01).Behavioral tests confirmed anxiety-like phenotypes.NERD-anxiety rats showed clinical-like symptom severity without erosion.CONCLUSION Tail clamping induces anxiety in NERD models,worsening visceral hypersensitivity via CRH neuroimmune dysregulation,offering a translational model and highlighting CRH as a treatment target.展开更多
Effective treatment methods for stroke,a common cerebrovascular disease with a high mortality rate,are still being sought.Exosome therapy,a form of acellular therapy,has demonstrated promising efficacy in various dise...Effective treatment methods for stroke,a common cerebrovascular disease with a high mortality rate,are still being sought.Exosome therapy,a form of acellular therapy,has demonstrated promising efficacy in various diseases in animal models;however,there is currently insufficient evidence to guide the clinical application of exosome in patients with stroke.This article reviews the progress of exosome applications in stroke treatment.It aims to elucidate the significant potential value of exosomes in stroke therapy and provide a reference for their clinical translation.At present,many studies on exosome-based therapies for stroke are actively underway.Regarding preclinical research,exosomes,as bioactive substances with diverse sources,currently favor stem cells as their origin.Due to their high plasticity,exosomes can be effectively modified through various physical,chemical,and genetic engineering methods to enhance their efficacy.In animal models of stroke,exosome therapy can reduce neuroinflammatory responses,alleviate oxidative stress damage,and inhibit programmed cell death.Additionally,exosomes can promote angiogenesis,repair and regenerate damaged white matter fiber bundles,and facilitate the migration and differentiation of neural stem cells,aiding the repair process.We also summarize new directions for the application of exosomes,specifically the exosome intervention through the ventricular-meningeal lymphatic system.The review findings suggest that the treatment paradigm for stroke is poised for transformation.展开更多
Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance to...Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance tomography enables real-time monitoring of changes in cerebral blood perfusion within the ischemic brain,but investigating the feasibility of using this method to assess post-stroke rehabilitation in vivo remains critical.In this study,ischemic stroke was induced in rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery.Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation was used to treat the rat model of ischemia,and electrical impedance tomography was used to measure impedance during both the acute stage of ischemia and the rehabilitation stage following the stimulation.Electrical impedance tomography results indicated that cerebral impedance increased after the onset of ischemia and decreased following transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation.Furthermore,the stimulation promoted motor function recovery,reduced cerebral infarction volume in the rat model of ischemic stroke,and induced the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ischemic brain.Our results also revealed a significant correlation between the impedance of the ischemic brain post-intervention and improvements in behavioral scores and infarct volume.This study shows that daily administration of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation for 20 minutes to the ischemic hemisphere 24 hours after cerebral ischemia enhanced motor recovery in a rat model of ischemia.Additionally,our findings indicate that electrical impedance tomography can serve as a valuable tool for quantitatively evaluating rehabilitation after ischemic stroke in vivo.These findings suggest the feasibility of using impedance data collected via electrical impedance tomography to clinically assess the effects of rehabilitatory interventions for patients with ischemic stroke.展开更多
Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction leading to fluctuating skeletal muscle fatigability. The majority of myasthenia gravis patients have detectable antibodies in ...Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction leading to fluctuating skeletal muscle fatigability. The majority of myasthenia gravis patients have detectable antibodies in their serum, targeting acetylcholine receptor, muscle-specific kinase, or related proteins. Current treatment for myasthenia gravis involves symptomatic therapy, immunosuppressive drugs such as corticosteroids, azathioprine, and mycophenolate mofetil, and thymectomy, which is primarily indicated in patients with thymoma or thymic hyperplasia. However, this condition continues to pose significant challenges including an unpredictable and variable disease progression, differing response to individual therapies, and substantial longterm side effects associated with standard treatments(including an increased risk of infections, osteoporosis, and diabetes), underscoring the necessity for a more personalized approach to treatment. Furthermore, about fifteen percent of patients, called “refractory myasthenia gravis patients”, do not respond adequately to standard therapies. In this context, the introduction of molecular therapies has marked a significant advance in myasthenia gravis management. Advances in understanding myasthenia gravis pathogenesis, especially the role of pathogenic antibodies, have driven the development of these biological drugs, which offer more selective, rapid, and safer alternatives to traditional immunosuppressants. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of emerging therapeutic strategies targeting specific immune pathways in myasthenia gravis, with a particular focus on preclinical evidence, therapeutic rationale, and clinical translation of B-cell depletion therapies, neonatal Fc receptor inhibitors, and complement inhibitors.展开更多
Currently,the application of anime image conversion is becoming increasingly widespread.However,in the task of converting real images to anime images,traditional convolution operations can lead to information loss and...Currently,the application of anime image conversion is becoming increasingly widespread.However,in the task of converting real images to anime images,traditional convolution operations can lead to information loss and blurring.Therefore,there are problems such as unstable network training,severe distortion of generated images,and blurring of generated images.This paper proposes an improved model GI_CartoonGAN(Group convolution channel shuffle and Inception dilated convolution Cartoon Generative Adversarial Network)used for anime image conversion.On the basis of the CartoonGAN model,this network model improves the representational capabilities of the generated network by introducing grouping convolution channel shuffle operations,enriches image features,improves the accuracy and expressiveness of feature extraction,improves image conversion accuracy,and introduces the concept structure and dilation convolution operation to expand the receptive field of the convolution kernel,effectively processing features at various scales of the image,Improve the ability of generator to model features and perceive different styles and details,thereby enhancing its ability to generate detailed features.The experimental results show that the FID index of the image generated by this model has an improvement of over 17%compared to other models,which can effectively improve the clarity and authenticity of the generated images.展开更多
How the animation industry has boosted Xiamen City Animated movie Ne Zha rocked the Chinese box office in 2019.Based on the Chinese mythical figure of the same name,the main character,shaped as an antihero,soon attrac...How the animation industry has boosted Xiamen City Animated movie Ne Zha rocked the Chinese box office in 2019.Based on the Chinese mythical figure of the same name,the main character,shaped as an antihero,soon attracted many Chinese and even overseas fans.At the climax of the story,Ne Zha uses his superpowers to hold and melt a huge block of ice to save people from being crushed by it.展开更多
GREECE A full moon rises behind the Temple of Poseidon in Sounion on 10 July GERMANY Visitors attend the CosDay anime convention in Frankfurt on 5 July CROATIA A ceremonial parade is held at the 59th#akovo Embroidery ...GREECE A full moon rises behind the Temple of Poseidon in Sounion on 10 July GERMANY Visitors attend the CosDay anime convention in Frankfurt on 5 July CROATIA A ceremonial parade is held at the 59th#akovo Embroidery Festival in#akovo on 6 July。展开更多
Major depressive disorder(MDD)affects people all over the world,and yet,its etiology is complex and remains incompletely understood.In this review,we aim to assess recent advances in understanding depression and its r...Major depressive disorder(MDD)affects people all over the world,and yet,its etiology is complex and remains incompletely understood.In this review,we aim to assess recent advances in understanding depression and its regulation,as well as its interaction with circadian rhythms.Circadian rhythms are internalized representations of the periodic daily light and dark cycles.Accumulating evidence has shown that MDD and the related mental disorders are associated with disrupted circadian rhythms.In particular,depression has often been linked to abnormalities in circadian rhythms because dysregulation of the circadian system increases susceptibility to MDD.The fact that several rhythms are disrupted in depressed patients suggests that these disruptions are not restricted to any one rhythm but rather involve the molecular circadian clock core machinery.The sleep-wake cycle is one rhythm that is often disrupted in depression,which often leads to disturbances in other rhythms.The circadian disruptions manifested in depressed patients and the effectiveness and fast action of chronobiologically based treatments highlight the circadian system as a key therapeutic target in the treatment of depression.This review assesses the evidence on rising depression rates and examines their contributing factors,including circadian misalignment.We discuss key hypotheses underlying depression pathogenesis,potential etiology,and relevant animal models,and underscore potential mechanisms driving depression's growing burden and how understanding these factors is critical for improving prevention and treatment strategies.展开更多
Depressive disorder is a chronic,recurring,and potentially life-endangering neuropsychiatric disease.According to a report by the World Health Organization,the global population suffering from depression is experienci...Depressive disorder is a chronic,recurring,and potentially life-endangering neuropsychiatric disease.According to a report by the World Health Organization,the global population suffering from depression is experiencing a significant annual increase.Despite its prevalence and considerable impact on people,little is known about its pathogenesis.One major reason is the scarcity of reliable animal models due to the absence of consensus on the pathology and etiology of depression.Furthermore,the neural circuit mechanism of depression induced by various factors is particularly complex.Considering the variability in depressive behavior patterns and neurobiological mechanisms among different animal models of depression,a comparison between the neural circuits of depression induced by various factors is essential for its treatment.In this review,we mainly summarize the most widely used behavioral animal models and neural circuits under different triggers of depression,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for depression prevention.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62202210).
文摘The application of generative artificial intelligence(AI)is bringing about notable changes in anime creation.This paper surveys recent advancements and applications of diffusion and language models in anime generation,focusing on their demonstrated potential to enhance production efficiency through automation and personalization.Despite these benefits,it is crucial to acknowledge the substantial initial computational investments required for training and deploying these models.We conduct an in-depth survey of cutting-edge generative AI technologies,encompassing models such as Stable Diffusion and GPT,and appraise pivotal large-scale datasets alongside quantifiable evaluation metrics.Review of the surveyed literature indicates the achievement of considerable maturity in the capacity of AI models to synthesize high-quality,aesthetically compelling anime visual images from textual prompts,alongside discernible progress in the generation of coherent narratives.However,achieving perfect long-form consistency,mitigating artifacts like flickering in video sequences,and enabling fine-grained artistic control remain critical ongoing challenges.Building upon these advancements,research efforts have increasingly pivoted towards the synthesis of higher-dimensional content,such as video and three-dimensional assets,with recent studies demonstrating significant progress in this burgeoning field.Nevertheless,formidable challenges endure amidst these advancements.Foremost among these are the substantial computational exigencies requisite for training and deploying these sophisticated models,particularly pronounced in the realm of high-dimensional generation such as video synthesis.Additional persistent hurdles include maintaining spatial-temporal consistency across complex scenes and mitigating ethical considerations surrounding bias and the preservation of human creative autonomy.This research underscores the transformative potential and inherent complexities of AI-driven synergy within the creative industries.We posit that future research should be dedicated to the synergistic fusion of diffusion and autoregressive models,the integration of multimodal inputs,and the balanced consideration of ethical implications,particularly regarding bias and the preservation of human creative autonomy,thereby establishing a robust foundation for the advancement of anime creation and the broader landscape of AI-driven content generation.
文摘The link between film/drama-induced tourism and the Internet to promote the destination apart from purchase intention has been studied for a long while. By using cinema hall and television, cost-efficient promotion tools were shaped. Anime consisting of digital drawing techniques has been one of the most remarkable examples in terms of promotion of destination and culture as well. In this paper, to evaluate the travel intention of watchers in Turkish anime forums to Japan, open ended questions based on the model of purchase intention were presented to members and followers in two popular anime forums via the Internet. The responses of 31 participants were analyzed. The results demonstrated that participants＇ purchase intention has been enhanced as the consequence of watching anime series.
文摘The rise of the anirne subculture assembles the huge youth groups in the construction of the socialist core value system, and provides a new carrier and injected into the innovative dynamic. At the same time, their perverse behavior and exaggerated style of dress and the strange language constitute the alienation and challenges of a core value system. It should strengthen the ideological review and classification management, with the criticism of the mainstream media to enhance the vigilance of the community, as well as through commercial activities to digest rebel style, which is the effective way to promote the core value system.
文摘Anime movie is a branch of cinematics.Unlike traditional movies,anime movies stand out with special characteristics in terms of how they shape the personality of the characters and how they portray the inner world of those characters.“Realism”and“surrealism”are important elements in anime movies to portray the stories.In this article,the special aesthetic of anime movies is analyzed using the works produced by Hayao Miyazaki.The internal conflict between“realism”and“surrealism”is analyzed in order to understand the character image and story theme in an in-depth manner.
文摘Cartoons serve as significant sources of entertainment for children and adolescents.However,numerous animated videos contain unsuitable content,such as violence,eroticism,abuse,and vehicular accidents.Current content detection methods rely on manual inspection,which is resource-intensive,time-consuming,and not always reliable.Therefore,more efficient detection methods are necessary to safeguard young viewers.This paper addresses this significant problem by proposing a novel deep learning-based system,AnimeNet,designed to detect varying degrees of violent and erotic content in videos.AnimeNet utilizes a novel Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)model to extract image features effectively,classifying violent and erotic scenes in videos and images.The novelty of the work lies in the introduction of a novel channel-spatial attention module,enhancing the feature extraction performance of the CNN model,an advancement over previous efforts in the literature.To validate the approach,I compared AnimeNet with state-of-the-art classification methods,including ResNet,RegNet,ConvNext,ViT,and MobileNet.These were used to identify violent and erotic scenes within specific video frames.The results showed that AnimeNet outperformed these models,proving it to be well-suited for real-time applications in videos or images.This work presents a significant leap forward in automatic content detection in animation,offering a high-accuracy solution that is less resource-intensive and more reliable than current methods.The proposed approach enables it possible to better protect young audiences from exposure to unsuitable content,underlining its importance and potential for broad social impact.
基金The 2023 Basic Scientific Research Ability Improvement Project for Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Guangxi Universities(2023KY1884)。
文摘This study takes the children’s animation IP“Brave Brother Ah Niu”as a case study,where the animation IP refers not merely to a single work,but rather to a core content asset capable of multi-dimensional development and possessing long-term commercial value,such as a well-known character,story,or worldview.This case is used to explore the path for children’s animation IP to empower the deep integration of cultural tourism based on Bourdieu’s field theory.In response to the current challenges of fragmentation,superficial symbolization,and capital feedback disruption in development,a three-field transformation framework of“cultural production-media practiceindustrial consumption”is constructed,and an integration mechanism of“empowerment-translation-feedback”is proposed.This study provides a replicable theoretical model and practical path for the Ah Niu IP and similar regional children’s animation IPs to overcome the bottleneck of cultural tourism integration,achieve cultural inheritance,and enhance the industrial value.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province,No.202401AS070086(to ZW)the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2018YFA0801403(to ZW)+1 种基金Yunnan Science and Technology Talent and Platform Plan,No.202105AC160041(to ZW)the Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31960120(to ZW)。
文摘Traumatic brain injury can be categorized into primary and secondary injuries.Secondary injuries are the main cause of disability following traumatic brain injury,which involves a complex multicellular cascade.Microglia play an important role in secondary injury and can be activated in response to traumatic brain injury.In this article,we review the origin and classification of microglia as well as the dynamic changes of microglia in traumatic brain injury.We also clarify the microglial polarization pathways and the therapeutic drugs targeting activated microglia.We found that regulating the signaling pathways involved in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory microglia,such as the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B,mitogen-activated protein kinase,Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B,Notch,and high mobility group box 1 pathways,can alleviate the inflammatory response triggered by microglia in traumatic brain injury,thereby exerting neuroprotective effects.We also reviewed the strategies developed on the basis of these pathways,such as drug and cell replacement therapies.Drugs that modulate inflammatory factors,such as rosuvastatin,have been shown to promote the polarization of antiinflammatory microglia and reduce the inflammatory response caused by traumatic brain injury.Mesenchymal stem cells possess anti-inflammatory properties,and clinical studies have confirmed their significant efficacy and safety in patients with traumatic brain injury.Additionally,advancements in mesenchymal stem cell-delivery methods—such as combinations of novel biomaterials,genetic engineering,and mesenchymal stem cell exosome therapy—have greatly enhanced the efficiency and therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells in animal models.However,numerous challenges in the application of drug and mesenchymal stem cell treatment strategies remain to be addressed.In the future,new technologies,such as single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis,can facilitate further experimental studies.Moreover,research involving non-human primates can help translate these treatment strategies to clinical practice.
文摘Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.
文摘The automatic colorization of anime line drawings is a challenging problem in production pipelines.Recent advances in deep neural networks have addressed this problem;however,collectingmany images of colorization targets in novel anime work before the colorization process starts leads to chicken-and-egg problems and has become an obstacle to using them in production pipelines.To overcome this obstacle,we propose a new patch-based learning method for few-shot anime-style colorization.The learning method adopts an efficient patch sampling technique with position embedding according to the characteristics of anime line drawings.We also present a continuous learning strategy that continuously updates our colorization model using new samples colorized by human artists.The advantage of our method is that it can learn our colorization model from scratch or pre-trained weights using only a few pre-and post-colorized line drawings that are created by artists in their usual colorization work.Therefore,our method can be easily incorporated within existing production pipelines.We quantitatively demonstrate that our colorizationmethod outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
基金Supported by the National Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Spleen and Stomach Diseases),No.0500004National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82205104 and No.82104850+1 种基金Hospital Capability Enhancement Project of Xiyuan Hospital,CACMS,No.XYZX0303-07the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes,Excellent Young Scientists Training Program of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,No.ZZ16-YQ-002.
文摘BACKGROUND Non-erosive reflux disease(NERD),the main gastroesophageal reflux subtype,features reflux symptoms without mucosal damage.Anxiety links to visceral hypersensitivity in NERD,yet mechanisms and animal models are unclear.AIM To establish a translational NERD rat model with anxiety comorbidity via tail clamping and study corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)-mediated neuroimmune pathways in visceral hypersensitivity and esophageal injury.METHODS Sprague-Dawley(SD)and Wistar rats were grouped into sham,model,and modified groups(n=10 each).The treatments for the modified groups were as follows:SD rats received ovalbumin/aluminum hydroxide suspension+acid perfusion±tail clamping(40 minutes/day for 7 days),while Wistar rats received fructose water+tail clamping.Esophageal pathology,visceral sensitivity,and behavior were assessed.Serum CRH,calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and mast cell tryptase(MCT)and central amygdala(CeA)CRH mRNA were measured via ELISA and qRT-PCR.RESULTS Tail clamping induced anxiety,worsening visceral hypersensitivity(lower abdominal withdrawal reflex thresholds,P<0.05)and esophageal injury(dilated intercellular spaces and mitochondrial edema).Both models showed raised serum CRH,CGRP,5-HT,and MCT(P<0.01)and CeA CRH mRNA expression(P<0.01).Behavioral tests confirmed anxiety-like phenotypes.NERD-anxiety rats showed clinical-like symptom severity without erosion.CONCLUSION Tail clamping induces anxiety in NERD models,worsening visceral hypersensitivity via CRH neuroimmune dysregulation,offering a translational model and highlighting CRH as a treatment target.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,No.CSTB2023NSCQ-mSX0561(to WL).
文摘Effective treatment methods for stroke,a common cerebrovascular disease with a high mortality rate,are still being sought.Exosome therapy,a form of acellular therapy,has demonstrated promising efficacy in various diseases in animal models;however,there is currently insufficient evidence to guide the clinical application of exosome in patients with stroke.This article reviews the progress of exosome applications in stroke treatment.It aims to elucidate the significant potential value of exosomes in stroke therapy and provide a reference for their clinical translation.At present,many studies on exosome-based therapies for stroke are actively underway.Regarding preclinical research,exosomes,as bioactive substances with diverse sources,currently favor stem cells as their origin.Due to their high plasticity,exosomes can be effectively modified through various physical,chemical,and genetic engineering methods to enhance their efficacy.In animal models of stroke,exosome therapy can reduce neuroinflammatory responses,alleviate oxidative stress damage,and inhibit programmed cell death.Additionally,exosomes can promote angiogenesis,repair and regenerate damaged white matter fiber bundles,and facilitate the migration and differentiation of neural stem cells,aiding the repair process.We also summarize new directions for the application of exosomes,specifically the exosome intervention through the ventricular-meningeal lymphatic system.The review findings suggest that the treatment paradigm for stroke is poised for transformation.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Nos.G2021KY05107,G2021KY05101the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32071316,32211530049+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,No.2022-JM482the Education and Teaching Reform Funds for the Central Universities,No.23GZ230102(all to LL and HH).
文摘Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance tomography enables real-time monitoring of changes in cerebral blood perfusion within the ischemic brain,but investigating the feasibility of using this method to assess post-stroke rehabilitation in vivo remains critical.In this study,ischemic stroke was induced in rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery.Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation was used to treat the rat model of ischemia,and electrical impedance tomography was used to measure impedance during both the acute stage of ischemia and the rehabilitation stage following the stimulation.Electrical impedance tomography results indicated that cerebral impedance increased after the onset of ischemia and decreased following transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation.Furthermore,the stimulation promoted motor function recovery,reduced cerebral infarction volume in the rat model of ischemic stroke,and induced the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ischemic brain.Our results also revealed a significant correlation between the impedance of the ischemic brain post-intervention and improvements in behavioral scores and infarct volume.This study shows that daily administration of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation for 20 minutes to the ischemic hemisphere 24 hours after cerebral ischemia enhanced motor recovery in a rat model of ischemia.Additionally,our findings indicate that electrical impedance tomography can serve as a valuable tool for quantitatively evaluating rehabilitation after ischemic stroke in vivo.These findings suggest the feasibility of using impedance data collected via electrical impedance tomography to clinically assess the effects of rehabilitatory interventions for patients with ischemic stroke.
文摘Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction leading to fluctuating skeletal muscle fatigability. The majority of myasthenia gravis patients have detectable antibodies in their serum, targeting acetylcholine receptor, muscle-specific kinase, or related proteins. Current treatment for myasthenia gravis involves symptomatic therapy, immunosuppressive drugs such as corticosteroids, azathioprine, and mycophenolate mofetil, and thymectomy, which is primarily indicated in patients with thymoma or thymic hyperplasia. However, this condition continues to pose significant challenges including an unpredictable and variable disease progression, differing response to individual therapies, and substantial longterm side effects associated with standard treatments(including an increased risk of infections, osteoporosis, and diabetes), underscoring the necessity for a more personalized approach to treatment. Furthermore, about fifteen percent of patients, called “refractory myasthenia gravis patients”, do not respond adequately to standard therapies. In this context, the introduction of molecular therapies has marked a significant advance in myasthenia gravis management. Advances in understanding myasthenia gravis pathogenesis, especially the role of pathogenic antibodies, have driven the development of these biological drugs, which offer more selective, rapid, and safer alternatives to traditional immunosuppressants. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of emerging therapeutic strategies targeting specific immune pathways in myasthenia gravis, with a particular focus on preclinical evidence, therapeutic rationale, and clinical translation of B-cell depletion therapies, neonatal Fc receptor inhibitors, and complement inhibitors.
文摘Currently,the application of anime image conversion is becoming increasingly widespread.However,in the task of converting real images to anime images,traditional convolution operations can lead to information loss and blurring.Therefore,there are problems such as unstable network training,severe distortion of generated images,and blurring of generated images.This paper proposes an improved model GI_CartoonGAN(Group convolution channel shuffle and Inception dilated convolution Cartoon Generative Adversarial Network)used for anime image conversion.On the basis of the CartoonGAN model,this network model improves the representational capabilities of the generated network by introducing grouping convolution channel shuffle operations,enriches image features,improves the accuracy and expressiveness of feature extraction,improves image conversion accuracy,and introduces the concept structure and dilation convolution operation to expand the receptive field of the convolution kernel,effectively processing features at various scales of the image,Improve the ability of generator to model features and perceive different styles and details,thereby enhancing its ability to generate detailed features.The experimental results show that the FID index of the image generated by this model has an improvement of over 17%compared to other models,which can effectively improve the clarity and authenticity of the generated images.
文摘How the animation industry has boosted Xiamen City Animated movie Ne Zha rocked the Chinese box office in 2019.Based on the Chinese mythical figure of the same name,the main character,shaped as an antihero,soon attracted many Chinese and even overseas fans.At the climax of the story,Ne Zha uses his superpowers to hold and melt a huge block of ice to save people from being crushed by it.
文摘GREECE A full moon rises behind the Temple of Poseidon in Sounion on 10 July GERMANY Visitors attend the CosDay anime convention in Frankfurt on 5 July CROATIA A ceremonial parade is held at the 59th#akovo Embroidery Festival in#akovo on 6 July。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81701347,31961133026,81570171,31871187,and 81070455)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFA0802400)the Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Major depressive disorder(MDD)affects people all over the world,and yet,its etiology is complex and remains incompletely understood.In this review,we aim to assess recent advances in understanding depression and its regulation,as well as its interaction with circadian rhythms.Circadian rhythms are internalized representations of the periodic daily light and dark cycles.Accumulating evidence has shown that MDD and the related mental disorders are associated with disrupted circadian rhythms.In particular,depression has often been linked to abnormalities in circadian rhythms because dysregulation of the circadian system increases susceptibility to MDD.The fact that several rhythms are disrupted in depressed patients suggests that these disruptions are not restricted to any one rhythm but rather involve the molecular circadian clock core machinery.The sleep-wake cycle is one rhythm that is often disrupted in depression,which often leads to disturbances in other rhythms.The circadian disruptions manifested in depressed patients and the effectiveness and fast action of chronobiologically based treatments highlight the circadian system as a key therapeutic target in the treatment of depression.This review assesses the evidence on rising depression rates and examines their contributing factors,including circadian misalignment.We discuss key hypotheses underlying depression pathogenesis,potential etiology,and relevant animal models,and underscore potential mechanisms driving depression's growing burden and how understanding these factors is critical for improving prevention and treatment strategies.
基金supported by the Brain&Behavior Research Foundation(30233).
文摘Depressive disorder is a chronic,recurring,and potentially life-endangering neuropsychiatric disease.According to a report by the World Health Organization,the global population suffering from depression is experiencing a significant annual increase.Despite its prevalence and considerable impact on people,little is known about its pathogenesis.One major reason is the scarcity of reliable animal models due to the absence of consensus on the pathology and etiology of depression.Furthermore,the neural circuit mechanism of depression induced by various factors is particularly complex.Considering the variability in depressive behavior patterns and neurobiological mechanisms among different animal models of depression,a comparison between the neural circuits of depression induced by various factors is essential for its treatment.In this review,we mainly summarize the most widely used behavioral animal models and neural circuits under different triggers of depression,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for depression prevention.
