In this work the turbulence based acoustic sources and the corresponding wave propagation of fluctuating flow values in incompressible fluid flows are considered. Lighthill’s and Curle’s acoustic analogies are imple...In this work the turbulence based acoustic sources and the corresponding wave propagation of fluctuating flow values in incompressible fluid flows are considered. Lighthill’s and Curle’s acoustic analogies are implemented in the open source computational fluid dynamics framework OpenFOAM. The main objective of this work is to visualize and localize the dominated sound sources and the resulting values of fluctuating pressure values within the computation domain representing the acoustical near field. This is all done on one mesh and during the iterative computation of the transient fluid flow. Finally the flow field and acoustical results of different simulation cases are presented and the properties of the shown method are discussed.展开更多
By using the concepts of canonical two-level systems, microwave-addressable photonic molecule enables on-demand photon storage and retrieval based on coupled lithium niobate microring resonators, which simultaneously ...By using the concepts of canonical two-level systems, microwave-addressable photonic molecule enables on-demand photon storage and retrieval based on coupled lithium niobate microring resonators, which simultaneously achieve large electrical bandwidth, strong modulation efficiency, and long photon lifetime.展开更多
In view of its use as reactivity theory,Conceptual Density Functional Theory(DFT),introduced by Parr et al.,has mainly concentrated up to now on the E = E[N,v] functional.However,different ensemble representations can...In view of its use as reactivity theory,Conceptual Density Functional Theory(DFT),introduced by Parr et al.,has mainly concentrated up to now on the E = E[N,v] functional.However,different ensemble representations can be used involving other variables also,such as ρ and μ.In this study,these different ensemble representations(E,?,F,and R) are briefly reviewed.Particular attention is then given to the corresponding second-order(functional) derivatives,and their analogieswith the second-order derivatives of thermodynamic state functions U,F,H,and G,which are related to each other via Legendre transformations,just as the DFT functionals(Nalewajski and Parr,1982).Starting from an analysis of the convexity/concavity of the DFT functionals,for which explicit proofs are discussed for some cases,the positive/negative definiteness of the associated kernels is derived and a detailed comparison is made with the thermodynamic derivatives.The stability conditions in thermodynamics are similar in structure to the convexity/concavity conditions for the DFT functionals.Thus,the DFT functionals are scrutinized based on the convexity/concavity of their two variables,to yield the possibility of establishing a relationship between the three second-order reactivity descriptors derived from the considered functional.Considering two ensemble representations,F and ?,F is eliminated as it has two dependent(extensive)variables,N and ρ.For ?,on the other hand,which is concave for both of its intensive variables(μ and υ),an inequality is derived from its three second-order(functional) derivatives:the global softness,the local softness,and the softness kernel.Combined with the negative value of the diagonal element of the linear response function,this inequality is shown to be compatible with the Berkowitz-Parr relationship,which relates the functional derivatives of ρ with υ,at constant N and μ.This was recently at stake upon quantifying Kohn's Nearsightedness of Electronic Matter.The analogy of the resulting inequality and the thermodynamic inequality for the G derivatives is highlighted.Potential research paths for this study are briefly addressed;the analogies between finite-temperature DFT response functions and their thermodynamic counterparts and the quest for analogous relationships,as derived in this paper,for DFT functionals that are analogues of entropy-dimensioned thermodynamic functions such as the Massieu function.展开更多
The application of legal texts in the context of digital television is a process that relies on several normative instruments,ranging from international treaties,such as those of the ITU(International Telecommunicatio...The application of legal texts in the context of digital television is a process that relies on several normative instruments,ranging from international treaties,such as those of the ITU(International Telecommunications Union),to national regulations defining the obligations of audiovisual operators and the modalities of consumer support.Many countries have introduced specific laws and regulations to organize the gradual switch-off of analog broadcasting and encourage the adoption of new digital standards.Consequently,the digitization of Guinea’s broadcasting network cannot be carried out without taking into account the legal framework:allocation of resources and broadcasting players.Analog and digital broadcasting,according to regulatory texts,shows the relationships between the different communication management structures.As for digital broadcasting,we note the appearance of a new service,multiplex.展开更多
The removal of cesium-137(^(137)Cs)from nuclear wastewater remains crucial due to its radioactivity and high solubility in water,which pose serious risk to human health and the environment.Aiming at selective capture ...The removal of cesium-137(^(137)Cs)from nuclear wastewater remains crucial due to its radioactivity and high solubility in water,which pose serious risk to human health and the environment.Aiming at selective capture of Cs^(+) from wastewater,a core-shell adsorbent,Prussian blue analog@y-alumina(PBA@Al_(2)O_(3))pellets were synthesized using the hydrothermal-stepwise deposition method.The coreshell PBA@Al_(2)O_(3)pellets showcased a PBA loading of 25%and demonstrated a maximum adsorption capacity of 15.65 mg·g^(-1).The adsorption data was consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model.It effectively reduced bulk Cs^(+) concentrations from an initial 6.62 mg·L^(-1)to 2 μg·L^(-1),achieving a removal efficiency of 99.97%and distribution coefficient(Kd)of 1.265×10^(6)ml·g^(-1),surpassing the performance of other PBA-based materials.The material also indicated good mechanical properties and cesium ion removal rates of 99.7%across a wide pH range(1.82 to 11.12).Furthermore,PBA@Al_(2)O_(3)exhibited consistent removal rate of over 99%and good selectivity(SF=50-1600)towards Cs^(+) even in the presence of interfering ions such as Na^(+),K^(+),Mg^(2+),and Ca^(2+)ions.The Kd(Cs^(+))for PBA@Al2O3 in simulated seawater and groundwater were 9.92×10^(3)and 2.23×10^(4)ml·g^(-1),where the removal rates reached 96.1%and 98.2%,respectively.XPS confirms that the adsorption mechanism is the ion exchange between Cs^(+) and K^(+)ions.This study underscores the significant potential of inorganic core-shell pellets adsorbents as promising agents for the selective capture of Cs^(+) from wastewater.展开更多
BACKGROUND Currently,colonoscopy still needs continuous optimization and exploration of novel alternative approaches to enhance the experience of patients during co-lonoscopy.AIM To analyze the efficacy of water infus...BACKGROUND Currently,colonoscopy still needs continuous optimization and exploration of novel alternative approaches to enhance the experience of patients during co-lonoscopy.AIM To analyze the efficacy of water infusion combined with defoamers in colono-scopy.METHODS This study included 97 patients undergoing colonoscopy from January 2024 to June 2024.The participants were categorized into two groups,namely,the control group(n=47),who underwent conventional colonoscopy,and the experimental group(n=50),who received colonoscopy using water injection combined with defoamers.A comparative analysis was then conducted on the disease detection rate(colonic polyps,colonorrhagia,colonic ulcers,colonic mucosal lesions,and others),colonoscopy duration,abdominal pain[visual analog scale(VAS)],Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),bowel preparation comfort,complications(intestinal perforation,bleeding,nausea and vomiting,abdominal pain,and abdominal distension),and patient satisfaction.RESULTS The experimental group demonstrated a significantly higher total disease detection rate,BBPS scores,and patient satisfaction compared with the control group.Further,the research group exhibited shorter colonoscopy duration,lower VAS and SAS scores and total complication rate,and better patient comfort and satisfaction.CONCLUSION These results indicate that the combination of water injection and defoamers exhibited an overall better therapeutic effect than conventional colonoscopy,mainly reflected in higher disease detection rate,faster examination ef-ficiency,lower abdominal pain,anxiety,and complication incidences,and significantly better bowel preparation,comfort,and patient satisfaction.展开更多
Phase reconstruction plays a pivotal role in biology, medical imaging, and wavefront sensing. However, multiple measurements and adjustments are usually required for conventional schemes, which inevitably reduces the ...Phase reconstruction plays a pivotal role in biology, medical imaging, and wavefront sensing. However, multiple measurements and adjustments are usually required for conventional schemes, which inevitably reduces the quality of phase imaging. Here, based on multi-channel metasurface and quantum entanglement source, a simple and integrated quantum analog operation system is proposed to realize quantitative phase reconstruction with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) under a low signal photon level. Without additional measurements and adjustments, four differential images necessary for the phase reconstruction are captured simultaneously. The non-local correlation of entangled photon pairs enables to remotely manipulate working modes of the system. Besides, the consistency of entangled photon pairs in time domain makes it possible to achieve a high SNR imaging by trigger detection. The results may potentially empower the application of metasurfaces in optical chip, wave function reconstruction, and label-free biology imaging.展开更多
To enable simultaneous transmit and receive(STAR)on the same frequency in a densely deployed space with multi-interference sources,this work proposes a digitally-assisted analog selfinterference cancellation method,wh...To enable simultaneous transmit and receive(STAR)on the same frequency in a densely deployed space with multi-interference sources,this work proposes a digitally-assisted analog selfinterference cancellation method,which can acquire reference signals through flexible wired/wireless switching access.Based on this method,the Minimum Mean Square Error algorithm with known channel state information is derived in detail,determining the upper limit of the cancellation performance,and the Adaptive Dithered Linear Search algorithm for real-time engineering cancellation is given.The correctness of theoretical analysis is verified by the practical self-interference channel measured by a vector network analyzer.Furthermore,we have designed and implemented the corresponding multiinterference cancellation prototype with the digitallyassisted structure,capable of handling multiple interferences(up to three)and supporting a large receive bandwidth of 100 MHz as well as a wide frequency coverage from 30 MHz to 3000 MHz.Prototype test results demonstrate that in the presence of three interferences,when the single interference bandwidth is 0.2/2/20 MHz(corresponding to the receive bandwidth of 2/20/100 MHz),the cancellation performance can reach 46/32/22 dB or more.展开更多
This paper focuses on the problems existing in the teaching of analog electronic technology courses,and puts forward the teaching reform idea of combining marine knowledge with the course content.Based on the BOPPPS t...This paper focuses on the problems existing in the teaching of analog electronic technology courses,and puts forward the teaching reform idea of combining marine knowledge with the course content.Based on the BOPPPS teaching model,specific teaching links are designed,and the teaching practice is carried out as an example of a low-power,high-precision microprocessor development project.The practical results show that the teaching reform improves students’learning interest and participation,cultivates students’engineering practice and innovation abilities,and provides a useful reference for the teaching reform of related courses.展开更多
The oxygen evolution reaction(OER),a critical half-reaction in water electrolysis,has garnered significant attention.However,sluggish OER kinetics has emerged as a major impediment to efficient electrochemical energy c...The oxygen evolution reaction(OER),a critical half-reaction in water electrolysis,has garnered significant attention.However,sluggish OER kinetics has emerged as a major impediment to efficient electrochemical energy conversion.There is an urgent need to design novel electrocatalysts with optimized OER kinetics and enhanced intrinsic activity to improve overall OER performance.Herein,one-dimensional(1D)nanocomposites with high electrocatalytic activity were developed through the deposition of CoFePBA nanocubes onto the surface of MnO_(2) nanowires.The electronic structure of the nanocomposite surface was modified,and the synergistic effects between transition metals were leveraged to enhance catalytic activity through the deposition of Prussian blue analog(PBA)nanocubes on manganese dioxide nanowires.Specifically,CoFePBA featured an open crystal structure that offiered numerous electrochemical active sites and efficient charge transfer pathways.Additionally,the synergistic interactions between Co and Fe significantly reduced the OER overpotential.Additionally,the 1D rigid MnO_(2) acted as protective armor,ensuring the stability of active sites within CoFePBA during the OER.The synthesized MnO_(2)@CoFePBA achieved an overpotential of 1.614 V at 10 mA/cm^(2) and a small Tafel slope of 94 mV/dec and demonstrated stable performance for over 200 h.This work offers new insights into the rational design of various PBA-based nanocomposites with high activity and stability.展开更多
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is an important mechanism of liver failure that occurs in many clinical conditions,including massive hemorrhage,major hepatectomy and liver transplantation,and leads to poor outcome...Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is an important mechanism of liver failure that occurs in many clinical conditions,including massive hemorrhage,major hepatectomy and liver transplantation,and leads to poor outcomes.The underlying cellular and molecular reactions are extremely complex and not completely understood.Anaerobic metabolism,ATP depletion,intracellular acidosis,calcium overload,mitochondrial dysfunction,oxidative stress,activation of Kupffer cells and neutrophils,platelet aggregation,nitric oxide production,activation of the complement system and overexpression of cytokines and chemokines constitute the main pathophysiological actions and pathways for possible therapeutic strategies.Prostaglandins(PGs)are a group of biologically active lipid compounds called eicosanoids with many physiological activities.Prostacyclin(PGI_(2))is a member of the PGs family with an unstable chemical structure and a very short half-life.PGI_(2)has potent vasodilating activity,inhibits platelet activation and exerts anti-inflammatory effects.PGI_(2)has been evaluated in chronic liver disease as a mediator of hepatic stellate cell function,an antiproliferative and antifibrotic agent and a regulator of the hepatic microcirculation.In recent decades,the cytoprotective effects of PGI_(2)analogs on hepatic ischemiareperfusion injury have been experimentally and clinically studied.Moreover,the administration of synthetic PGI_(2)analogs to patients who underwent liver transplantation produced very encouraging results.The downregulation of PGE_(2) production,reduction of neutrophil aggregation in liver lobules,regulation of local microcirculatory homeostasis,improvement in mitochondrial function,alleviation of hepatic oxidative stress,suppression of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 cascades and downregulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1βproduction constitute some of the underlying physiological mechanisms of the beneficial effects of PGI_(2)on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.Thus,PGI_(2)analogs appear to hold great promise for the management of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury,but further research is needed.展开更多
The photophysical properties of fluorescent nucleobase analogs play a crucial role in nucleic acids detection and the investigation of their structural and functional characteristics.In this study,we computationally d...The photophysical properties of fluorescent nucleobase analogs play a crucial role in nucleic acids detection and the investigation of their structural and functional characteristics.In this study,we computationally designed a series of quasiintrinsic fluorescent probes according to natural guanine(G)for selectively identifying covalent N^(4)-acetylcytosine(4acC),a base that is highly correlated with active transcription and gene expression.This work aims to gain insight into the role of 4acC in biological regulation with minimal perturbation to the native DNA structure.The results indicate that these Ganalogs possess extended π-conjugation in comparison with the natural guanine,which could yield efficient fluorescence emission and red-shifted absorption.Especially,the 8-thienyl-2’-deoxyguanosine(ThG)exhibits the highest fluorescence intensity and avoids self-absorption on account of the large Stokes shifts(>67 nm).What is more,the fluorescence of ThG is unaffected to base pairing with natural cytosine,while the obvious fluorescence quenching is observed by virtue of the excited state intermolecular charge transfer after pairing with 4acC,so it is supposed as a promising biosensor for monitoring the fluorescence changes in the absence or presence of the 4acC.Additionally,the impact of binding deoxyribose on photophysical properties is explored to guarantee the biological applicability of the bright G-analogs in real environment.展开更多
Physical analog modeling is an effective approach for studying the hazards of coal bursts in coal similarity criteria for physical and mechanical parameters of the actual and similar materials are crucial to yield rea...Physical analog modeling is an effective approach for studying the hazards of coal bursts in coal similarity criteria for physical and mechanical parameters of the actual and similar materials are crucial to yield realistic results.The derivation of similarity criteria is predominantly based on dimensional analysis,while a systematic methodology has yet to be developed.This paper attempts to fill this gap by combining the equation transformation method with similarity theory to conduct an in-depth study on the similarity criteria of physical parameters of impact coal with various internal block sizes.On this basis,the influence of internal block size of impact coal on similarity criteria was studied.Block size can provide a selection basis for similar materials,and the influence of block size on model physical parameters and similarity criteria under different geometric similarity ratios was explored.The variation laws between geometric similarity ratio,block size,and physical properties were clarified,and the similarity criteria of impact coal under the influence of block size were adjusted.New insights into material selection for physical analog modeling were proposed.The established similarity criteria for impact coal under the influence of different block sizes can provide a theoretical basis for determining various parameters in the physical analog modeling of coal bursts,when building a physical model of impact coal,material selection and size selection can be based on similarity criteria to more accurately reproduce coal explosion disasters in the laboratory.展开更多
With the advancement of artificial intelligence,optic in-sensing reservoir computing based on emerging semiconductor devices is high desirable for real-time analog signal processing.Here,we disclose a flexible optomem...With the advancement of artificial intelligence,optic in-sensing reservoir computing based on emerging semiconductor devices is high desirable for real-time analog signal processing.Here,we disclose a flexible optomemristor based on C_(27)H_(30)O_(15)/FeOx heterostructure that presents a highly sensitive to the light stimuli and artificial optic synaptic features such as short-and long-term plasticity(STP and LTP),enabling the developed optomemristor to implement complex analogy signal processing through building a real-physical dynamic-based in-sensing reservoir computing algorithm and yielding an accuracy of 94.88%for speech recognition.The charge trapping and detrapping mediated by the optic active layer of C_(27)H_(30)O_(15) that is extracted from the lotus flower is response for the positive photoconductance memory in the prepared optomemristor.This work provides a feasible organic−inorganic heterostructure as well as an optic in-sensing vision computing for an advanced optic computing system in future complex signal processing.展开更多
Bimetallic oxides are promising electrocatalysts due to their rich composition,facile synthesis,and favorable stability under oxidizing conditions.This paper innovatively proposes a strategy aimed at constructing a on...Bimetallic oxides are promising electrocatalysts due to their rich composition,facile synthesis,and favorable stability under oxidizing conditions.This paper innovatively proposes a strategy aimed at constructing a one-dimensional heterostructure(Fe–NiO/NiMoO_(4) nanoparticles/nanofibers).The strategy commences with the meticulous treatment of NiMoO_(4) nanofibers,utilizing in situ etching techniques to induce the formation of Prussian Blue Analog compounds.In this process,[Fe(CN)_(6)]^(3-)anions react with the NiMoO_(4) host layer to form a steady NiFe PBA.Subsequently,the surface/interface reconstituted NiMoO_(4) nanofibers undergo direct oxidation,leading to a reconfiguration of the surface structure and the formation of a unique Fe–NiO/NiMoO_(4) one-dimensional heterostructure.The catalyst showed markedly enhanced electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen evolution reaction.Density functional theory results reveal that the incorporation of Fe as a dopant dramatically reduces the Gibbs free energy associated with the rate-determining step in the oxygen evolution reaction pathway.This pivotal transformation directly lowers the activation energy barrier,thereby significantly enhancing electron transfer efficiency.展开更多
BACKGROUND Infection by the hepatitis B virus(HBV)represents a significant global sociosanitary burden.While liver transplantation(LT)is an important therapeutic option,treatments that prevent HBV reinfection are nece...BACKGROUND Infection by the hepatitis B virus(HBV)represents a significant global sociosanitary burden.While liver transplantation(LT)is an important therapeutic option,treatments that prevent HBV reinfection are necessary.The combination of anti-hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG)and nucleoside/nucleotide analogs(NA)is the standard post-transplant treatment;however,there are limitations in using HBIG,particularly its cost.We present two illustrative clinical cases as examples of post-transplant management using dual NA therapy,unaccompanied by HBIG.CASE SUMMARY The first case involves a 42-year-old man with HBV-related cirrhosis,who,in the context of a diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatopulmonary syndrome,underwent LT without viremia at the time of transplantation.A lack of availability of HBIG led to the combined use of two NAs,entecavir,and tenofovir alafenamide—resulting in the negativization of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)and maintenance of a negative viral load in the post-transplant period.In the second case,a 63-year-old woman presented with acute hepatic failure due to HBV with viremia during transplantation.Combined therapy with entecavir and tenofovir alafenamide,again due to the unavailability of HBIG,ultimately led to the negativization of HBsAg and viral load.CONCLUSION These cases suggest the efficacy of dual NA therapy in post-transplant HBV management,emphasizing the need to reconsider traditional treatment approaches.展开更多
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(pNETs)are rare,presenting significant challenges in timely diagnosis and subsequent treatment.The clinical and pathobiological behavior of these tumors varies significantly,making foll...Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(pNETs)are rare,presenting significant challenges in timely diagnosis and subsequent treatment.The clinical and pathobiological behavior of these tumors varies significantly,making follow-up and therapeutic approaches challenging for clinicians.Although the majority of these neoplasms are hormonally inactive,some can be associated with endocrine dysfunction.Very rarely,a nonfunctional tumor can later become hormonally active,further complicating prognostication and management.Depending on the character of the disease,clinical picture and prognosis,different treatment modalities are instituted with varying effectivities.We recently came across a unique case of nonfunctioning malignant pNET at an advanced stage,metastatic disease upon diagnosis,managed medically with somatostatin analog therapy(Octreotide)and targeted therapy(Everolimus)with stable disease for 40 months that subsequently turned out to become functional(insulinoma).With the aid of this unique case,we update the current clinical,diagnostic and therapeutic approach to pNETs in this evidence-based review.展开更多
With the rapid development of new energy and the high proportion of new energy connected to the grid,energy storage has become the leading technology driving significant adjustments in the global energy landscape.Elec...With the rapid development of new energy and the high proportion of new energy connected to the grid,energy storage has become the leading technology driving significant adjustments in the global energy landscape.Electrochemical energy storage,as the most popular and promising energy storage method,has received extensive attention.Currently,the most widely used energy storage method is metal-ion secondary batteries,whose performance mainly depends on the cathode material.Prussian blue analogues(PBAs)have a unique open framework structures that allow quick and reversible insertion/extraction of metal ions such as Na^(+),K^(+),Zn^(2+),Li^(+)etc.,thus attracting widespread attention.The advantages of simple synthesis process,abundant resources,and low cost also distinguish it from its counterparts.Unfortunately,the crystal water and structural defects in the PBAs lattice that is generated during the synthesis process,as well as the low Na content,significantly affect their electrochemical performance.This paper focuses on PBAs’synthesis methods,crystal structure,modification strategies,and their potential applications as cathode materials for various metal ion secondary batteries and looks forward to their future development direction.展开更多
BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)is a widely used treatment for advanced knee osteoarthritis;however,the incidence of failures requiring revision surgery is increasing.Identifying the causes of TKA failure and a...BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)is a widely used treatment for advanced knee osteoarthritis;however,the incidence of failures requiring revision surgery is increasing.Identifying the causes of TKA failure and assessing the outcomes of revision procedures are essential for improving patient care.We hypothesized that infection and aseptic loosening are the primary causes of TKA failure and that revision TKA(rTKA)significantly enhances functional outcomes.AIM To examine the primary causes of TKA failure and evaluate the functional outcomes following rTKA.METHODS This descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery,Civil Hospital,Bahawalpur,from April to September 2024.A total of 118 patients undergoing rTKA for failed primary TKA were included.Data on demographics,causes of failure,and surgical details were collected.Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Knee Society Score and Visual Analog Scale before and six months after surgery.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0,with statistical significance set at P<0.05.RESULTS The leading causes of TKA failure were infection(45.8%),aseptic loosening(44.1%),and periprosthetic fractures(10.2%).The rTKA significantly improved knee function,with the mean Knee Society Score increasing from 39.43±6.18 to 78.91±6.17(P<0.001).Pain levels decreased substantially,with the mean Visual Analog Scale scores reducing from 7.99±1.37 to 1.42±1.17(P<0.001).No significant differences in outcomes were observed between single-stage and two-stage revision procedures.CONCLUSION Infection and aseptic loosening are the predominant causes of TKA failure.The rTKA effectively enhances knee function and alleviates pain,offering significant benefits to patients.展开更多
文摘In this work the turbulence based acoustic sources and the corresponding wave propagation of fluctuating flow values in incompressible fluid flows are considered. Lighthill’s and Curle’s acoustic analogies are implemented in the open source computational fluid dynamics framework OpenFOAM. The main objective of this work is to visualize and localize the dominated sound sources and the resulting values of fluctuating pressure values within the computation domain representing the acoustical near field. This is all done on one mesh and during the iterative computation of the transient fluid flow. Finally the flow field and acoustical results of different simulation cases are presented and the properties of the shown method are discussed.
文摘By using the concepts of canonical two-level systems, microwave-addressable photonic molecule enables on-demand photon storage and retrieval based on coupled lithium niobate microring resonators, which simultaneously achieve large electrical bandwidth, strong modulation efficiency, and long photon lifetime.
基金S.F. wishes to thank the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) and the European Union＇s Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant (No. 706415) for financially suppor(ing his post-doctoral research at the ALGC group. ED.P. and P.G. acknowledge (he Research Fo
文摘In view of its use as reactivity theory,Conceptual Density Functional Theory(DFT),introduced by Parr et al.,has mainly concentrated up to now on the E = E[N,v] functional.However,different ensemble representations can be used involving other variables also,such as ρ and μ.In this study,these different ensemble representations(E,?,F,and R) are briefly reviewed.Particular attention is then given to the corresponding second-order(functional) derivatives,and their analogieswith the second-order derivatives of thermodynamic state functions U,F,H,and G,which are related to each other via Legendre transformations,just as the DFT functionals(Nalewajski and Parr,1982).Starting from an analysis of the convexity/concavity of the DFT functionals,for which explicit proofs are discussed for some cases,the positive/negative definiteness of the associated kernels is derived and a detailed comparison is made with the thermodynamic derivatives.The stability conditions in thermodynamics are similar in structure to the convexity/concavity conditions for the DFT functionals.Thus,the DFT functionals are scrutinized based on the convexity/concavity of their two variables,to yield the possibility of establishing a relationship between the three second-order reactivity descriptors derived from the considered functional.Considering two ensemble representations,F and ?,F is eliminated as it has two dependent(extensive)variables,N and ρ.For ?,on the other hand,which is concave for both of its intensive variables(μ and υ),an inequality is derived from its three second-order(functional) derivatives:the global softness,the local softness,and the softness kernel.Combined with the negative value of the diagonal element of the linear response function,this inequality is shown to be compatible with the Berkowitz-Parr relationship,which relates the functional derivatives of ρ with υ,at constant N and μ.This was recently at stake upon quantifying Kohn's Nearsightedness of Electronic Matter.The analogy of the resulting inequality and the thermodynamic inequality for the G derivatives is highlighted.Potential research paths for this study are briefly addressed;the analogies between finite-temperature DFT response functions and their thermodynamic counterparts and the quest for analogous relationships,as derived in this paper,for DFT functionals that are analogues of entropy-dimensioned thermodynamic functions such as the Massieu function.
文摘The application of legal texts in the context of digital television is a process that relies on several normative instruments,ranging from international treaties,such as those of the ITU(International Telecommunications Union),to national regulations defining the obligations of audiovisual operators and the modalities of consumer support.Many countries have introduced specific laws and regulations to organize the gradual switch-off of analog broadcasting and encourage the adoption of new digital standards.Consequently,the digitization of Guinea’s broadcasting network cannot be carried out without taking into account the legal framework:allocation of resources and broadcasting players.Analog and digital broadcasting,according to regulatory texts,shows the relationships between the different communication management structures.As for digital broadcasting,we note the appearance of a new service,multiplex.
基金supported by the Key Reasearch and Development Program of Zhejiang(2022C01029)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22225802 and 22288102)the Research Funds of Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou(IZQ2022KJ3005).
文摘The removal of cesium-137(^(137)Cs)from nuclear wastewater remains crucial due to its radioactivity and high solubility in water,which pose serious risk to human health and the environment.Aiming at selective capture of Cs^(+) from wastewater,a core-shell adsorbent,Prussian blue analog@y-alumina(PBA@Al_(2)O_(3))pellets were synthesized using the hydrothermal-stepwise deposition method.The coreshell PBA@Al_(2)O_(3)pellets showcased a PBA loading of 25%and demonstrated a maximum adsorption capacity of 15.65 mg·g^(-1).The adsorption data was consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model.It effectively reduced bulk Cs^(+) concentrations from an initial 6.62 mg·L^(-1)to 2 μg·L^(-1),achieving a removal efficiency of 99.97%and distribution coefficient(Kd)of 1.265×10^(6)ml·g^(-1),surpassing the performance of other PBA-based materials.The material also indicated good mechanical properties and cesium ion removal rates of 99.7%across a wide pH range(1.82 to 11.12).Furthermore,PBA@Al_(2)O_(3)exhibited consistent removal rate of over 99%and good selectivity(SF=50-1600)towards Cs^(+) even in the presence of interfering ions such as Na^(+),K^(+),Mg^(2+),and Ca^(2+)ions.The Kd(Cs^(+))for PBA@Al2O3 in simulated seawater and groundwater were 9.92×10^(3)and 2.23×10^(4)ml·g^(-1),where the removal rates reached 96.1%and 98.2%,respectively.XPS confirms that the adsorption mechanism is the ion exchange between Cs^(+) and K^(+)ions.This study underscores the significant potential of inorganic core-shell pellets adsorbents as promising agents for the selective capture of Cs^(+) from wastewater.
基金Supported by Foshan City Self-Raised Funds Science and Technology Innovation Project,No.2320001007369.
文摘BACKGROUND Currently,colonoscopy still needs continuous optimization and exploration of novel alternative approaches to enhance the experience of patients during co-lonoscopy.AIM To analyze the efficacy of water infusion combined with defoamers in colono-scopy.METHODS This study included 97 patients undergoing colonoscopy from January 2024 to June 2024.The participants were categorized into two groups,namely,the control group(n=47),who underwent conventional colonoscopy,and the experimental group(n=50),who received colonoscopy using water injection combined with defoamers.A comparative analysis was then conducted on the disease detection rate(colonic polyps,colonorrhagia,colonic ulcers,colonic mucosal lesions,and others),colonoscopy duration,abdominal pain[visual analog scale(VAS)],Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),bowel preparation comfort,complications(intestinal perforation,bleeding,nausea and vomiting,abdominal pain,and abdominal distension),and patient satisfaction.RESULTS The experimental group demonstrated a significantly higher total disease detection rate,BBPS scores,and patient satisfaction compared with the control group.Further,the research group exhibited shorter colonoscopy duration,lower VAS and SAS scores and total complication rate,and better patient comfort and satisfaction.CONCLUSION These results indicate that the combination of water injection and defoamers exhibited an overall better therapeutic effect than conventional colonoscopy,mainly reflected in higher disease detection rate,faster examination ef-ficiency,lower abdominal pain,anxiety,and complication incidences,and significantly better bowel preparation,comfort,and patient satisfaction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.62221002,Grants No.12174097).
文摘Phase reconstruction plays a pivotal role in biology, medical imaging, and wavefront sensing. However, multiple measurements and adjustments are usually required for conventional schemes, which inevitably reduces the quality of phase imaging. Here, based on multi-channel metasurface and quantum entanglement source, a simple and integrated quantum analog operation system is proposed to realize quantitative phase reconstruction with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) under a low signal photon level. Without additional measurements and adjustments, four differential images necessary for the phase reconstruction are captured simultaneously. The non-local correlation of entangled photon pairs enables to remotely manipulate working modes of the system. Besides, the consistency of entangled photon pairs in time domain makes it possible to achieve a high SNR imaging by trigger detection. The results may potentially empower the application of metasurfaces in optical chip, wave function reconstruction, and label-free biology imaging.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62071094in part by the National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications Foundation under Grant IFN202402in part by the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program(Grade C)of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant GZC20240217.
文摘To enable simultaneous transmit and receive(STAR)on the same frequency in a densely deployed space with multi-interference sources,this work proposes a digitally-assisted analog selfinterference cancellation method,which can acquire reference signals through flexible wired/wireless switching access.Based on this method,the Minimum Mean Square Error algorithm with known channel state information is derived in detail,determining the upper limit of the cancellation performance,and the Adaptive Dithered Linear Search algorithm for real-time engineering cancellation is given.The correctness of theoretical analysis is verified by the practical self-interference channel measured by a vector network analyzer.Furthermore,we have designed and implemented the corresponding multiinterference cancellation prototype with the digitallyassisted structure,capable of handling multiple interferences(up to three)and supporting a large receive bandwidth of 100 MHz as well as a wide frequency coverage from 30 MHz to 3000 MHz.Prototype test results demonstrate that in the presence of three interferences,when the single interference bandwidth is 0.2/2/20 MHz(corresponding to the receive bandwidth of 2/20/100 MHz),the cancellation performance can reach 46/32/22 dB or more.
基金Education Reform Research Project of Hainan Tropical Ocean University(RHYjg2025-10)Key Research and Development Projects of Hainan Province,China(ZDYF2024GXJS303)。
文摘This paper focuses on the problems existing in the teaching of analog electronic technology courses,and puts forward the teaching reform idea of combining marine knowledge with the course content.Based on the BOPPPS teaching model,specific teaching links are designed,and the teaching practice is carried out as an example of a low-power,high-precision microprocessor development project.The practical results show that the teaching reform improves students’learning interest and participation,cultivates students’engineering practice and innovation abilities,and provides a useful reference for the teaching reform of related courses.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52371240)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘The oxygen evolution reaction(OER),a critical half-reaction in water electrolysis,has garnered significant attention.However,sluggish OER kinetics has emerged as a major impediment to efficient electrochemical energy conversion.There is an urgent need to design novel electrocatalysts with optimized OER kinetics and enhanced intrinsic activity to improve overall OER performance.Herein,one-dimensional(1D)nanocomposites with high electrocatalytic activity were developed through the deposition of CoFePBA nanocubes onto the surface of MnO_(2) nanowires.The electronic structure of the nanocomposite surface was modified,and the synergistic effects between transition metals were leveraged to enhance catalytic activity through the deposition of Prussian blue analog(PBA)nanocubes on manganese dioxide nanowires.Specifically,CoFePBA featured an open crystal structure that offiered numerous electrochemical active sites and efficient charge transfer pathways.Additionally,the synergistic interactions between Co and Fe significantly reduced the OER overpotential.Additionally,the 1D rigid MnO_(2) acted as protective armor,ensuring the stability of active sites within CoFePBA during the OER.The synthesized MnO_(2)@CoFePBA achieved an overpotential of 1.614 V at 10 mA/cm^(2) and a small Tafel slope of 94 mV/dec and demonstrated stable performance for over 200 h.This work offers new insights into the rational design of various PBA-based nanocomposites with high activity and stability.
文摘Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is an important mechanism of liver failure that occurs in many clinical conditions,including massive hemorrhage,major hepatectomy and liver transplantation,and leads to poor outcomes.The underlying cellular and molecular reactions are extremely complex and not completely understood.Anaerobic metabolism,ATP depletion,intracellular acidosis,calcium overload,mitochondrial dysfunction,oxidative stress,activation of Kupffer cells and neutrophils,platelet aggregation,nitric oxide production,activation of the complement system and overexpression of cytokines and chemokines constitute the main pathophysiological actions and pathways for possible therapeutic strategies.Prostaglandins(PGs)are a group of biologically active lipid compounds called eicosanoids with many physiological activities.Prostacyclin(PGI_(2))is a member of the PGs family with an unstable chemical structure and a very short half-life.PGI_(2)has potent vasodilating activity,inhibits platelet activation and exerts anti-inflammatory effects.PGI_(2)has been evaluated in chronic liver disease as a mediator of hepatic stellate cell function,an antiproliferative and antifibrotic agent and a regulator of the hepatic microcirculation.In recent decades,the cytoprotective effects of PGI_(2)analogs on hepatic ischemiareperfusion injury have been experimentally and clinically studied.Moreover,the administration of synthetic PGI_(2)analogs to patients who underwent liver transplantation produced very encouraging results.The downregulation of PGE_(2) production,reduction of neutrophil aggregation in liver lobules,regulation of local microcirculatory homeostasis,improvement in mitochondrial function,alleviation of hepatic oxidative stress,suppression of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 cascades and downregulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1βproduction constitute some of the underlying physiological mechanisms of the beneficial effects of PGI_(2)on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.Thus,PGI_(2)analogs appear to hold great promise for the management of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury,but further research is needed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12274265 and 11804195)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant No.ZR2022MA006).
文摘The photophysical properties of fluorescent nucleobase analogs play a crucial role in nucleic acids detection and the investigation of their structural and functional characteristics.In this study,we computationally designed a series of quasiintrinsic fluorescent probes according to natural guanine(G)for selectively identifying covalent N^(4)-acetylcytosine(4acC),a base that is highly correlated with active transcription and gene expression.This work aims to gain insight into the role of 4acC in biological regulation with minimal perturbation to the native DNA structure.The results indicate that these Ganalogs possess extended π-conjugation in comparison with the natural guanine,which could yield efficient fluorescence emission and red-shifted absorption.Especially,the 8-thienyl-2’-deoxyguanosine(ThG)exhibits the highest fluorescence intensity and avoids self-absorption on account of the large Stokes shifts(>67 nm).What is more,the fluorescence of ThG is unaffected to base pairing with natural cytosine,while the obvious fluorescence quenching is observed by virtue of the excited state intermolecular charge transfer after pairing with 4acC,so it is supposed as a promising biosensor for monitoring the fluorescence changes in the absence or presence of the 4acC.Additionally,the impact of binding deoxyribose on photophysical properties is explored to guarantee the biological applicability of the bright G-analogs in real environment.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2024-10941)China University of Mining and Technology 2024 Graduate Innovation Program Projects(No.2024WLKXJ011)+1 种基金Jiangsu Graduate Student Research and Innovation Program(No.KYCX24_2846)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52227901 and 51934007).
文摘Physical analog modeling is an effective approach for studying the hazards of coal bursts in coal similarity criteria for physical and mechanical parameters of the actual and similar materials are crucial to yield realistic results.The derivation of similarity criteria is predominantly based on dimensional analysis,while a systematic methodology has yet to be developed.This paper attempts to fill this gap by combining the equation transformation method with similarity theory to conduct an in-depth study on the similarity criteria of physical parameters of impact coal with various internal block sizes.On this basis,the influence of internal block size of impact coal on similarity criteria was studied.Block size can provide a selection basis for similar materials,and the influence of block size on model physical parameters and similarity criteria under different geometric similarity ratios was explored.The variation laws between geometric similarity ratio,block size,and physical properties were clarified,and the similarity criteria of impact coal under the influence of block size were adjusted.New insights into material selection for physical analog modeling were proposed.The established similarity criteria for impact coal under the influence of different block sizes can provide a theoretical basis for determining various parameters in the physical analog modeling of coal bursts,when building a physical model of impact coal,material selection and size selection can be based on similarity criteria to more accurately reproduce coal explosion disasters in the laboratory.
基金supported by the Key Project of Chongqing Natural Science Foundation Joint Fund[CSTB2023NSCQ-LZX0103,(G.Z.)]Chongqing Natural Science Foundation[CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0012,(C.L.)]+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[SWUZLPY03,(G.Z.)]Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[Swu020019,(G.Z.):SWU-XDJH202319,(G.Z.)1].
文摘With the advancement of artificial intelligence,optic in-sensing reservoir computing based on emerging semiconductor devices is high desirable for real-time analog signal processing.Here,we disclose a flexible optomemristor based on C_(27)H_(30)O_(15)/FeOx heterostructure that presents a highly sensitive to the light stimuli and artificial optic synaptic features such as short-and long-term plasticity(STP and LTP),enabling the developed optomemristor to implement complex analogy signal processing through building a real-physical dynamic-based in-sensing reservoir computing algorithm and yielding an accuracy of 94.88%for speech recognition.The charge trapping and detrapping mediated by the optic active layer of C_(27)H_(30)O_(15) that is extracted from the lotus flower is response for the positive photoconductance memory in the prepared optomemristor.This work provides a feasible organic−inorganic heterostructure as well as an optic in-sensing vision computing for an advanced optic computing system in future complex signal processing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203257)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(YQ2022B008).
文摘Bimetallic oxides are promising electrocatalysts due to their rich composition,facile synthesis,and favorable stability under oxidizing conditions.This paper innovatively proposes a strategy aimed at constructing a one-dimensional heterostructure(Fe–NiO/NiMoO_(4) nanoparticles/nanofibers).The strategy commences with the meticulous treatment of NiMoO_(4) nanofibers,utilizing in situ etching techniques to induce the formation of Prussian Blue Analog compounds.In this process,[Fe(CN)_(6)]^(3-)anions react with the NiMoO_(4) host layer to form a steady NiFe PBA.Subsequently,the surface/interface reconstituted NiMoO_(4) nanofibers undergo direct oxidation,leading to a reconfiguration of the surface structure and the formation of a unique Fe–NiO/NiMoO_(4) one-dimensional heterostructure.The catalyst showed markedly enhanced electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen evolution reaction.Density functional theory results reveal that the incorporation of Fe as a dopant dramatically reduces the Gibbs free energy associated with the rate-determining step in the oxygen evolution reaction pathway.This pivotal transformation directly lowers the activation energy barrier,thereby significantly enhancing electron transfer efficiency.
文摘BACKGROUND Infection by the hepatitis B virus(HBV)represents a significant global sociosanitary burden.While liver transplantation(LT)is an important therapeutic option,treatments that prevent HBV reinfection are necessary.The combination of anti-hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG)and nucleoside/nucleotide analogs(NA)is the standard post-transplant treatment;however,there are limitations in using HBIG,particularly its cost.We present two illustrative clinical cases as examples of post-transplant management using dual NA therapy,unaccompanied by HBIG.CASE SUMMARY The first case involves a 42-year-old man with HBV-related cirrhosis,who,in the context of a diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatopulmonary syndrome,underwent LT without viremia at the time of transplantation.A lack of availability of HBIG led to the combined use of two NAs,entecavir,and tenofovir alafenamide—resulting in the negativization of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)and maintenance of a negative viral load in the post-transplant period.In the second case,a 63-year-old woman presented with acute hepatic failure due to HBV with viremia during transplantation.Combined therapy with entecavir and tenofovir alafenamide,again due to the unavailability of HBIG,ultimately led to the negativization of HBsAg and viral load.CONCLUSION These cases suggest the efficacy of dual NA therapy in post-transplant HBV management,emphasizing the need to reconsider traditional treatment approaches.
文摘Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(pNETs)are rare,presenting significant challenges in timely diagnosis and subsequent treatment.The clinical and pathobiological behavior of these tumors varies significantly,making follow-up and therapeutic approaches challenging for clinicians.Although the majority of these neoplasms are hormonally inactive,some can be associated with endocrine dysfunction.Very rarely,a nonfunctional tumor can later become hormonally active,further complicating prognostication and management.Depending on the character of the disease,clinical picture and prognosis,different treatment modalities are instituted with varying effectivities.We recently came across a unique case of nonfunctioning malignant pNET at an advanced stage,metastatic disease upon diagnosis,managed medically with somatostatin analog therapy(Octreotide)and targeted therapy(Everolimus)with stable disease for 40 months that subsequently turned out to become functional(insulinoma).With the aid of this unique case,we update the current clinical,diagnostic and therapeutic approach to pNETs in this evidence-based review.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52072217)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3807700)+2 种基金the Joint Funds of the Hubei Natural Science Foundation Innovation and Development(No.2022CFD034)Hubei Natural Science Foundation Innovation Group Project(No.2022CFA020)the Major Technological Innovation Project of Hubei Science and Technology Department(No.2019AAA164).
文摘With the rapid development of new energy and the high proportion of new energy connected to the grid,energy storage has become the leading technology driving significant adjustments in the global energy landscape.Electrochemical energy storage,as the most popular and promising energy storage method,has received extensive attention.Currently,the most widely used energy storage method is metal-ion secondary batteries,whose performance mainly depends on the cathode material.Prussian blue analogues(PBAs)have a unique open framework structures that allow quick and reversible insertion/extraction of metal ions such as Na^(+),K^(+),Zn^(2+),Li^(+)etc.,thus attracting widespread attention.The advantages of simple synthesis process,abundant resources,and low cost also distinguish it from its counterparts.Unfortunately,the crystal water and structural defects in the PBAs lattice that is generated during the synthesis process,as well as the low Na content,significantly affect their electrochemical performance.This paper focuses on PBAs’synthesis methods,crystal structure,modification strategies,and their potential applications as cathode materials for various metal ion secondary batteries and looks forward to their future development direction.
文摘BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)is a widely used treatment for advanced knee osteoarthritis;however,the incidence of failures requiring revision surgery is increasing.Identifying the causes of TKA failure and assessing the outcomes of revision procedures are essential for improving patient care.We hypothesized that infection and aseptic loosening are the primary causes of TKA failure and that revision TKA(rTKA)significantly enhances functional outcomes.AIM To examine the primary causes of TKA failure and evaluate the functional outcomes following rTKA.METHODS This descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery,Civil Hospital,Bahawalpur,from April to September 2024.A total of 118 patients undergoing rTKA for failed primary TKA were included.Data on demographics,causes of failure,and surgical details were collected.Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Knee Society Score and Visual Analog Scale before and six months after surgery.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0,with statistical significance set at P<0.05.RESULTS The leading causes of TKA failure were infection(45.8%),aseptic loosening(44.1%),and periprosthetic fractures(10.2%).The rTKA significantly improved knee function,with the mean Knee Society Score increasing from 39.43±6.18 to 78.91±6.17(P<0.001).Pain levels decreased substantially,with the mean Visual Analog Scale scores reducing from 7.99±1.37 to 1.42±1.17(P<0.001).No significant differences in outcomes were observed between single-stage and two-stage revision procedures.CONCLUSION Infection and aseptic loosening are the predominant causes of TKA failure.The rTKA effectively enhances knee function and alleviates pain,offering significant benefits to patients.
