The word “photonics” is derived from the Greek word “photos” meaning light. It covers all technical applications of light over the whole spectrum. Most applications, however, are in the range of the visible and ne...The word “photonics” is derived from the Greek word “photos” meaning light. It covers all technical applications of light over the whole spectrum. Most applications, however, are in the range of the visible and near infrared light. With a brief history of classical work and tenets of optics, we will present electrical circuit of a thin-film device used in a fuel cell, called Alkali Metal Thermo Electric Convertor (AMTEC).The device uses infrared radiation to knock out electrons from some alkali metal, which after going through a circuit and having done the prescribed work, meet the ions again. The system is closed and continues working as long as the radiation source is kept on. The longevity, power and efficiency of the device depend inversely to some extent on the thickness of electrodes used for collecting electrons freed from the alkali metal, as well as of the solid electrolyte. The details of the device’s circuit comprising both electrical and optical functions will be discussed.展开更多
随着深空探测任务不断推进,空间探测器对于动力的需求也在不断提升,基于碱金属热电转换器(Alkali Metal Thermal to Electric Converter,AMTEC)的空间核反应堆电源系统由于其自身优良的特性被广泛关注。基于热力学第一和第二定律,结合...随着深空探测任务不断推进,空间探测器对于动力的需求也在不断提升,基于碱金属热电转换器(Alkali Metal Thermal to Electric Converter,AMTEC)的空间核反应堆电源系统由于其自身优良的特性被广泛关注。基于热力学第一和第二定律,结合空间核反应堆电源系统内部热力过程能量传递特性,建立了电源系统整体热力学分析模型和针对内部反应堆、蒸发器、BASE、冷凝器等6个控制单元的能量传递及㶲分析数学模型,讨论了反应堆堆芯温度和输出电流密度对整个电源系统和内部各控制单元性能的影响规律。仿真研究结果表明:堆芯温度增加,空间核反应堆电源系统输出电功率和㶲效率增加;随着输出电流密度的增大,输出电功率和㶲效率先增大后降低,出现最大值;不同的堆芯温度对应了使系统性能最优的输出电流密度;经过对比分析各控制单元㶲损失的影响规律,发现㶲损失较大的部件为冷凝器和蒸发器。可为空间核反应堆电源系统设计和优化提供前期理论支撑。展开更多
对基于AMTEC(Alkali Metal Thermal-to-Electric Converter,碱金属热电转换器)的毛细多孔吸液芯建立轴对称恒温相变模型,通过求解多孔芯区及液体通道区热质传输控制方程得到毛细多孔芯中的流动与传热特性,分析了工质流量、入口温度、多...对基于AMTEC(Alkali Metal Thermal-to-Electric Converter,碱金属热电转换器)的毛细多孔吸液芯建立轴对称恒温相变模型,通过求解多孔芯区及液体通道区热质传输控制方程得到毛细多孔芯中的流动与传热特性,分析了工质流量、入口温度、多孔芯厚度、孔隙率和有效孔径等参数对压力、速度和温度分布的影响;同时通过分析最大毛细力与回路压降之间的关系,给出了多孔芯有效孔径的适用范围和提高多孔芯性能的改进措施。研究结果表明:与三维两相流蒸发模型比较,文中的模型具有较好的预测准确性;以碱金属为工质的毛细多孔吸液芯和液体通道内的流动与传热特性与传统工质存在不同。展开更多
文摘The word “photonics” is derived from the Greek word “photos” meaning light. It covers all technical applications of light over the whole spectrum. Most applications, however, are in the range of the visible and near infrared light. With a brief history of classical work and tenets of optics, we will present electrical circuit of a thin-film device used in a fuel cell, called Alkali Metal Thermo Electric Convertor (AMTEC).The device uses infrared radiation to knock out electrons from some alkali metal, which after going through a circuit and having done the prescribed work, meet the ions again. The system is closed and continues working as long as the radiation source is kept on. The longevity, power and efficiency of the device depend inversely to some extent on the thickness of electrodes used for collecting electrons freed from the alkali metal, as well as of the solid electrolyte. The details of the device’s circuit comprising both electrical and optical functions will be discussed.
文摘随着深空探测任务不断推进,空间探测器对于动力的需求也在不断提升,基于碱金属热电转换器(Alkali Metal Thermal to Electric Converter,AMTEC)的空间核反应堆电源系统由于其自身优良的特性被广泛关注。基于热力学第一和第二定律,结合空间核反应堆电源系统内部热力过程能量传递特性,建立了电源系统整体热力学分析模型和针对内部反应堆、蒸发器、BASE、冷凝器等6个控制单元的能量传递及㶲分析数学模型,讨论了反应堆堆芯温度和输出电流密度对整个电源系统和内部各控制单元性能的影响规律。仿真研究结果表明:堆芯温度增加,空间核反应堆电源系统输出电功率和㶲效率增加;随着输出电流密度的增大,输出电功率和㶲效率先增大后降低,出现最大值;不同的堆芯温度对应了使系统性能最优的输出电流密度;经过对比分析各控制单元㶲损失的影响规律,发现㶲损失较大的部件为冷凝器和蒸发器。可为空间核反应堆电源系统设计和优化提供前期理论支撑。
文摘对基于AMTEC(Alkali Metal Thermal-to-Electric Converter,碱金属热电转换器)的毛细多孔吸液芯建立轴对称恒温相变模型,通过求解多孔芯区及液体通道区热质传输控制方程得到毛细多孔芯中的流动与传热特性,分析了工质流量、入口温度、多孔芯厚度、孔隙率和有效孔径等参数对压力、速度和温度分布的影响;同时通过分析最大毛细力与回路压降之间的关系,给出了多孔芯有效孔径的适用范围和提高多孔芯性能的改进措施。研究结果表明:与三维两相流蒸发模型比较,文中的模型具有较好的预测准确性;以碱金属为工质的毛细多孔吸液芯和液体通道内的流动与传热特性与传统工质存在不同。
