The geological disasters such as collapse,mud bursting and water gushing often occur during tunnel construction.Thus,it is of great significance to detect the hidden geological disasters ahead of the tunnel face.The a...The geological disasters such as collapse,mud bursting and water gushing often occur during tunnel construction.Thus,it is of great significance to detect the hidden geological disasters ahead of the tunnel face.The audio magnetotelluric(AMT)was applied for the advanced detectionstudy during the boring process of the Tianheshan tunnel in the Taihang Mountains.Three AMT profiles were deployed above the tunnel,and the data obtained in the field were analysed in terms of electrical principal axes.From shallow to deep,the direction of the geoelectric strike angle changes,generally between 30°and 60°NE,which is consistent with similar to the direction of the Taihangshan Uplift,and the data show some 3D characteristics.Two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)inversion methods were adopted to jointly study the subsurface structural information,and the resistivity model was geophysically and geologically interpreted.Two sets of low resistance anomalies were found,and it was hypothesised that the near-erect low-resistivity anomalies in the east might be a fragmentation zone,while the low resistance anomalies in the west,which are inclined to the westward,might be a tectonic structure or fragmentation zone related to the regional major fault,and the results of the tunnelling confirmed the reliability of the inversion interpretation.The 3D inversion can fully reflect the development scale and morphological changes of the fracture zone,and the inversion model is more reliable.Finally,it is concluded that the audio magnetotelluric method,which adopts advanced acquisition,processing and inversion interpretation techniques,is an effective means of over-detection of tunnels.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide,with its incidence and mortality rates ranking among the highest in gastrointestinal cancers.The overexpression or gene amplification of h...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide,with its incidence and mortality rates ranking among the highest in gastrointestinal cancers.The overexpression or gene amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2)occurs in approximately 15%-20%of gastric cancers and serves as a critical molecular target influencing prognosis and treatment out-comes.For patients with HER-2-positive gastric cancer,trastuzumab combined with platinum-based chemotherapy has been established as the standard first-line treatment.However,despite the demonstrated clinical benefits in prolonging survival,the overall efficacy remains limited.In recent years,with the successful application of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)in various malignant tumors,combining ICIs with existing standard treatment regimens has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of HER-2-positive gastric cancer.Nevertheless,the efficacy and prognostic factors of ICIs combined with trastuzumab and chemotherapy in HER-2-positive gastric cancer remain unclear.AIM To analyze the efficacy of ICIs combined with standard treatment regimens and the prognostic factors in patients with advanced HER-2-positive gastric cancer.METHODS Clinical data from 104 patients with advanced HER-2-positive gastric cancer who were treated at our hospital between March 2021 and May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into a control group(n=54,treated with trastuzumab combined with platinum-based chemotherapy as the standard regimen)and an observation group(n=50,treated with ICIs in addition to the standard regimen).The therapeutic efficacy,survival outcomes,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Univariate and Cox multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors influencing patient prognosis.RESULTS With a median follow-up time of 14.6 months,there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of objective response rate or disease control rate(P>0.05).The median progression-free survival(mPFS)and mPFS for patients with immunohistochemistry 3+in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Among patients in the observation group,those with positive programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression had a significantly higher mPFS than those with negative PD-L1 expression(P<0.05).Regarding adverse events,significant differences were observed between the two groups in hypothyroidism and neutropenia(P<0.05).Cox multivariate analysis showed that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)performance status,peritoneal metastasis,positive programmed death-1 expression,and treatment regimen were independent factors influencing PFS(hazard ratio>1,P<0.05).CONCLUSION ICIs combined with standard treatment regimens for patients with advanced HER-2-positive gastric cancer demonstrate favorable clinical efficacy,significantly prolonging PFS with manageable safety.ECOG performance status,peritoneal metastasis,positive PD-L1 expression,and treatment regimen are independent factors influ-encing PFS,warranting increased clinical attention to patients exhibiting these factors.展开更多
A novel inverted advanced treatment process of ozone/hydrogen peroxide(O_(3)/H_(2)O_(2))and biological activated carbon fluidized bed(BACFB)before the conventional process has been developed to treat the high-algae-la...A novel inverted advanced treatment process of ozone/hydrogen peroxide(O_(3)/H_(2)O_(2))and biological activated carbon fluidized bed(BACFB)before the conventional process has been developed to treat the high-algae-laden reservoir water,which aims to enhance the removal of dissolved organic matter(DOM),odorants as well as the precursors of disinfection by-products(DBPs).Before and after the renovation,the average value of chemical oxygen demand(determined by potassium permanganate method)in the filter effluent decreased from 2.18 to 1.15 mg/L.Likewise,the average concentrations of turbidity dropped from 0.640 to 0.098 NTU,indicating substantial improvement following the renovation.Formation potential of DBPs such as trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids were also reduced greatly.The results of the polarity rapid analysis method indicated that ozonation primarily removed non-polar and positively charged organic matter,while coagulation-sedimentation targeted non-positive organic matter.The results of fluorescence spectroscopy and highresolution mass spectrometry indicated that the new process effectively removed DOM,and decreased the number of nitrogen-containing compounds.Additionally,the inverted O_(3)/H_(2)O_(2) and BACFB process promoted the dynamic transformation between DOM components and significantly reduced overall aromatic content.This study provided a promising solution for treating high-algae-laden source water and verified the feasibility and effectiveness of this novel process in practice.展开更多
Type 2 diabetes markedly elevates fracture risk despite normal or high bone mineral density,a paradox reflecting qualitative skeletal deficits rather than loss of mass.Chronic hyperglycemia fosters the accumulation of...Type 2 diabetes markedly elevates fracture risk despite normal or high bone mineral density,a paradox reflecting qualitative skeletal deficits rather than loss of mass.Chronic hyperglycemia fosters the accumulation of advanced glycation end products in bone;their nonenzymatic crosslinks stiffen type I collagen,impair mineralization,and erode mechanical strength.By engaging the receptor for advanced glycation end products,these adducts activate nuclear factorκB and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades,amplifying oxidative stress,inflammation,osteoblast dysfunction,and osteoclastogenesis.This review synthesizes epidemiological data from type 1 and type 2 diabetes,highlights the limits of densitybased skeletal assessment,and details the molecular pathology of the glycation-collagen axis.It also appraises antiglycation therapies,including formation inhibitors,crosslink breakers and receptor antagonists,with a particular focus on sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors that couple glycemic control with modulation of the glycation pathway.By integrating recent basic and clinical advances,we propose a mechanistic framework for diabetic bone disease and outline strategies to mitigate glycationdriven skeletal fragility.展开更多
在WRFDA-3DVar(Weather Research and Forecasting model’s 3-dimensional variational data assimilation)的框架下,添加了新的探测器AMSR2(Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2)微波辐射率资料的同化模块,实现了AMSR2辐射率资...在WRFDA-3DVar(Weather Research and Forecasting model’s 3-dimensional variational data assimilation)的框架下,添加了新的探测器AMSR2(Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2)微波辐射率资料的同化模块,实现了AMSR2辐射率资料在中小尺度同化系统中的有效使用。台风"山神"(Son-Tinh)直接同化AMSR2资料的个例试验结果表明,AMSR2资料可以很好的探测出台风的形态,并且与没有同化该资料的控制试验相比,同化AMSR2辐射率资料可以有效提高模式分析场的质量,进一步提高了台风中心气压,最大风速和台风路径的预报。展开更多
遥感反演土壤水分(SM)产品越来越多地应用于农业、气象、水文等研究,而微波土壤水分数据产品的区域适用性分析是其合理使用的必要前提。使用MERRA-2(Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications,Version 2)模拟...遥感反演土壤水分(SM)产品越来越多地应用于农业、气象、水文等研究,而微波土壤水分数据产品的区域适用性分析是其合理使用的必要前提。使用MERRA-2(Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications,Version 2)模拟土壤水分为参考数据,运用传统统计方法(原始数据相关性、距平相关性、偏差以及无偏均方根差)和TC(Triple-Collocation)不确定性误差模型分析的方法,对亚洲区域2012年7月～2016年7月两种被动微波土壤水分SMOS-L3-SM(Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity,L3)和AMSR2-LPRM-SM(The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2,Land Parameter Retrieval Model Product)进行对比评估。结果表明:①空间上SMOS-L3较AMSR2-LPRM数据与参考数据MERRA-2土壤水分的相关性较好,表现为SMOS-L3-SM具有较好的空间连续性,且在亚洲大多数地区有较小的无偏均方根差;②湿季条件下遥感土壤水分与参考值的相关性比干季条件下的相关性更好,且干季出现高纬地区(约>55°)缺失值较多的情况;③两遥感土壤水分的TC误差呈现相似的分布,区域TC平均误差两者均为0.076 m^3/m^3。总之,SMOS-L3-SM和AMSR2-LPRM-SM在空间相关性及TC误差评价方面都具有合理性,为遥感土壤水分在农业、气象、水文等方面的应用提供参考。展开更多
本项工作在黑河流域中上游区域内,利用地下4cm深度的地面实测土壤水分数据验证了2012年7月至2014年12月期间AMSR2的两种算法产品——日本宇航局标准算法土壤水分产品(JAXA产品)和阿姆斯特丹自由大学联合美国宇航局开发的陆表参数反演模...本项工作在黑河流域中上游区域内,利用地下4cm深度的地面实测土壤水分数据验证了2012年7月至2014年12月期间AMSR2的两种算法产品——日本宇航局标准算法土壤水分产品(JAXA产品)和阿姆斯特丹自由大学联合美国宇航局开发的陆表参数反演模型算法土壤水分产品(LPRM产品)。验证结果显示:与地面实测数据相比,所有验证像元上两种土壤水分产品的均方根误差RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)普遍超过了0.1m^3/m^3。JAXA产品动态变化范围较小,升轨产品的总体精度略高于降轨,相比地面实测数据均存在明显的低估,在冻季与实测数据比较接近。LPRM产品动态范围较大,降轨产品在冻季不可用,在未冻季升轨产品精度高于降轨,相比地面实测数据有高估的倾向。同时,还进一步讨论并分析了两种算法对土壤温度和植被的不同处理方式对土壤水产品精度的可能影响,指出了算法可能的改进方向。展开更多
基金projects of China Railway Beijing Group Company Limited.(No.2016CG23)for funding this research。
文摘The geological disasters such as collapse,mud bursting and water gushing often occur during tunnel construction.Thus,it is of great significance to detect the hidden geological disasters ahead of the tunnel face.The audio magnetotelluric(AMT)was applied for the advanced detectionstudy during the boring process of the Tianheshan tunnel in the Taihang Mountains.Three AMT profiles were deployed above the tunnel,and the data obtained in the field were analysed in terms of electrical principal axes.From shallow to deep,the direction of the geoelectric strike angle changes,generally between 30°and 60°NE,which is consistent with similar to the direction of the Taihangshan Uplift,and the data show some 3D characteristics.Two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)inversion methods were adopted to jointly study the subsurface structural information,and the resistivity model was geophysically and geologically interpreted.Two sets of low resistance anomalies were found,and it was hypothesised that the near-erect low-resistivity anomalies in the east might be a fragmentation zone,while the low resistance anomalies in the west,which are inclined to the westward,might be a tectonic structure or fragmentation zone related to the regional major fault,and the results of the tunnelling confirmed the reliability of the inversion interpretation.The 3D inversion can fully reflect the development scale and morphological changes of the fracture zone,and the inversion model is more reliable.Finally,it is concluded that the audio magnetotelluric method,which adopts advanced acquisition,processing and inversion interpretation techniques,is an effective means of over-detection of tunnels.
基金This study was approved by the ethics committee of the First People’s Hospital of Fuzhou City(No.FZ202103).
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide,with its incidence and mortality rates ranking among the highest in gastrointestinal cancers.The overexpression or gene amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2)occurs in approximately 15%-20%of gastric cancers and serves as a critical molecular target influencing prognosis and treatment out-comes.For patients with HER-2-positive gastric cancer,trastuzumab combined with platinum-based chemotherapy has been established as the standard first-line treatment.However,despite the demonstrated clinical benefits in prolonging survival,the overall efficacy remains limited.In recent years,with the successful application of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)in various malignant tumors,combining ICIs with existing standard treatment regimens has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of HER-2-positive gastric cancer.Nevertheless,the efficacy and prognostic factors of ICIs combined with trastuzumab and chemotherapy in HER-2-positive gastric cancer remain unclear.AIM To analyze the efficacy of ICIs combined with standard treatment regimens and the prognostic factors in patients with advanced HER-2-positive gastric cancer.METHODS Clinical data from 104 patients with advanced HER-2-positive gastric cancer who were treated at our hospital between March 2021 and May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into a control group(n=54,treated with trastuzumab combined with platinum-based chemotherapy as the standard regimen)and an observation group(n=50,treated with ICIs in addition to the standard regimen).The therapeutic efficacy,survival outcomes,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Univariate and Cox multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors influencing patient prognosis.RESULTS With a median follow-up time of 14.6 months,there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of objective response rate or disease control rate(P>0.05).The median progression-free survival(mPFS)and mPFS for patients with immunohistochemistry 3+in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Among patients in the observation group,those with positive programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression had a significantly higher mPFS than those with negative PD-L1 expression(P<0.05).Regarding adverse events,significant differences were observed between the two groups in hypothyroidism and neutropenia(P<0.05).Cox multivariate analysis showed that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)performance status,peritoneal metastasis,positive programmed death-1 expression,and treatment regimen were independent factors influencing PFS(hazard ratio>1,P<0.05).CONCLUSION ICIs combined with standard treatment regimens for patients with advanced HER-2-positive gastric cancer demonstrate favorable clinical efficacy,significantly prolonging PFS with manageable safety.ECOG performance status,peritoneal metastasis,positive PD-L1 expression,and treatment regimen are independent factors influ-encing PFS,warranting increased clinical attention to patients exhibiting these factors.
基金supported by the Haiyou Program for Industry Leading Talent Innovation Team Project(No.1362022088)。
文摘A novel inverted advanced treatment process of ozone/hydrogen peroxide(O_(3)/H_(2)O_(2))and biological activated carbon fluidized bed(BACFB)before the conventional process has been developed to treat the high-algae-laden reservoir water,which aims to enhance the removal of dissolved organic matter(DOM),odorants as well as the precursors of disinfection by-products(DBPs).Before and after the renovation,the average value of chemical oxygen demand(determined by potassium permanganate method)in the filter effluent decreased from 2.18 to 1.15 mg/L.Likewise,the average concentrations of turbidity dropped from 0.640 to 0.098 NTU,indicating substantial improvement following the renovation.Formation potential of DBPs such as trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids were also reduced greatly.The results of the polarity rapid analysis method indicated that ozonation primarily removed non-polar and positively charged organic matter,while coagulation-sedimentation targeted non-positive organic matter.The results of fluorescence spectroscopy and highresolution mass spectrometry indicated that the new process effectively removed DOM,and decreased the number of nitrogen-containing compounds.Additionally,the inverted O_(3)/H_(2)O_(2) and BACFB process promoted the dynamic transformation between DOM components and significantly reduced overall aromatic content.This study provided a promising solution for treating high-algae-laden source water and verified the feasibility and effectiveness of this novel process in practice.
基金Supported by Clinical Medical Research Fund of the Zhejiang Medical Association,No.2025ZYC-Z32Henan Provincial Key Research and Development Program,No.231111311000+1 种基金Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project,No.232102310411Clinical Medical Research Fund of the Zhejiang Medical Association,2024ZYC-Z30.
文摘Type 2 diabetes markedly elevates fracture risk despite normal or high bone mineral density,a paradox reflecting qualitative skeletal deficits rather than loss of mass.Chronic hyperglycemia fosters the accumulation of advanced glycation end products in bone;their nonenzymatic crosslinks stiffen type I collagen,impair mineralization,and erode mechanical strength.By engaging the receptor for advanced glycation end products,these adducts activate nuclear factorκB and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades,amplifying oxidative stress,inflammation,osteoblast dysfunction,and osteoclastogenesis.This review synthesizes epidemiological data from type 1 and type 2 diabetes,highlights the limits of densitybased skeletal assessment,and details the molecular pathology of the glycation-collagen axis.It also appraises antiglycation therapies,including formation inhibitors,crosslink breakers and receptor antagonists,with a particular focus on sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors that couple glycemic control with modulation of the glycation pathway.By integrating recent basic and clinical advances,we propose a mechanistic framework for diabetic bone disease and outline strategies to mitigate glycationdriven skeletal fragility.
文摘在WRFDA-3DVar(Weather Research and Forecasting model’s 3-dimensional variational data assimilation)的框架下,添加了新的探测器AMSR2(Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2)微波辐射率资料的同化模块,实现了AMSR2辐射率资料在中小尺度同化系统中的有效使用。台风"山神"(Son-Tinh)直接同化AMSR2资料的个例试验结果表明,AMSR2资料可以很好的探测出台风的形态,并且与没有同化该资料的控制试验相比,同化AMSR2辐射率资料可以有效提高模式分析场的质量,进一步提高了台风中心气压,最大风速和台风路径的预报。
文摘遥感反演土壤水分(SM)产品越来越多地应用于农业、气象、水文等研究,而微波土壤水分数据产品的区域适用性分析是其合理使用的必要前提。使用MERRA-2(Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications,Version 2)模拟土壤水分为参考数据,运用传统统计方法(原始数据相关性、距平相关性、偏差以及无偏均方根差)和TC(Triple-Collocation)不确定性误差模型分析的方法,对亚洲区域2012年7月～2016年7月两种被动微波土壤水分SMOS-L3-SM(Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity,L3)和AMSR2-LPRM-SM(The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2,Land Parameter Retrieval Model Product)进行对比评估。结果表明:①空间上SMOS-L3较AMSR2-LPRM数据与参考数据MERRA-2土壤水分的相关性较好,表现为SMOS-L3-SM具有较好的空间连续性,且在亚洲大多数地区有较小的无偏均方根差;②湿季条件下遥感土壤水分与参考值的相关性比干季条件下的相关性更好,且干季出现高纬地区(约>55°)缺失值较多的情况;③两遥感土壤水分的TC误差呈现相似的分布,区域TC平均误差两者均为0.076 m^3/m^3。总之,SMOS-L3-SM和AMSR2-LPRM-SM在空间相关性及TC误差评价方面都具有合理性,为遥感土壤水分在农业、气象、水文等方面的应用提供参考。
文摘本项工作在黑河流域中上游区域内,利用地下4cm深度的地面实测土壤水分数据验证了2012年7月至2014年12月期间AMSR2的两种算法产品——日本宇航局标准算法土壤水分产品(JAXA产品)和阿姆斯特丹自由大学联合美国宇航局开发的陆表参数反演模型算法土壤水分产品(LPRM产品)。验证结果显示:与地面实测数据相比,所有验证像元上两种土壤水分产品的均方根误差RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)普遍超过了0.1m^3/m^3。JAXA产品动态变化范围较小,升轨产品的总体精度略高于降轨,相比地面实测数据均存在明显的低估,在冻季与实测数据比较接近。LPRM产品动态范围较大,降轨产品在冻季不可用,在未冻季升轨产品精度高于降轨,相比地面实测数据有高估的倾向。同时,还进一步讨论并分析了两种算法对土壤温度和植被的不同处理方式对土壤水产品精度的可能影响,指出了算法可能的改进方向。
