In this study, nine high-lysine maize kernels and two kernels of common maize hybrid were used as experiment materials, and quantitative determination of lysine contents in high-lysine maize kernels and common maize k...In this study, nine high-lysine maize kernels and two kernels of common maize hybrid were used as experiment materials, and quantitative determination of lysine contents in high-lysine maize kernels and common maize kernels was carried out using Hitachi L-8900 Automatic Amino-acid Analyzer, to know the effect of the Analyzer in distinguishing the lysine contents between common maize kernels and high-lysine maize kernels. The results showed that the lysine contents of high-lysine maize kernels were among 0.34%-0.42%, while of common maize kernels were a- mong 0.24%-0.25%, and the difference was significant. Compared with other tradi- tional methods, this method is rapid, simple, sensitive, highly reproductive and needs fewer maize kernels, thus it is applicable in maize breeding.展开更多
The polymerase acidic protein is an important family of proteins from influenza A virus, which is classified as many different subtypes or spe-cies. Thus, an important question is if these classifications are numerica...The polymerase acidic protein is an important family of proteins from influenza A virus, which is classified as many different subtypes or spe-cies. Thus, an important question is if these classifications are numerically distinguishable with respect to the polymerase acidic protein. The amino-acid pair predictability was used to transfer 2432 polymerase acidic proteins into 2432 scalar data. The one-way ANOVA found these polymerase acidic proteins distinguish-able in terms of subtypes and species. However, the large residuals in ANOVA suggested a pos-sible large intra-subtype/species variation. Therefore, the inter- and intra-subtype/species variations were studied using the model II ANOVA. The results showed that the in-tra-subtype/species variations accounted most of variation, which was 100% in total for both inter- and intra- subtype/species variations. Our analysis threw lights on the issue of how to de-termine a wide variety of patterns of antigenic variation across space and time, and within and between subtypes as well as hosts.展开更多
A formalin-treated polyvinyl-alcohol (PVF) sponge is convenient as a scaffold because its configuration is easily modified. However, coating the sponge with an adhesive chemical agent is necessary to attach bone marro...A formalin-treated polyvinyl-alcohol (PVF) sponge is convenient as a scaffold because its configuration is easily modified. However, coating the sponge with an adhesive chemical agent is necessary to attach bone marrow cells (BMCs) to the sponge structure. Moreover, it was considered that a hybrid scaffold composed of a sponge and enveloped cylindrical porous hydroxyapatite (HA) would be convenient. In this study, the effect of leucine (Leu) coating on a PVF sponge was examined for osteogenesis on an HA/PVF hybrid scaffold by rat BMCs (rBMCs). In an in vivo assessment, the sponge immersed in Leu solution (10 mg/ml) was inserted into the hollow center of cylindrical HA. The sponge received 1.5 × 106 rBMCs obtained from male Fischer 344 rats. The hybrid scaffolds were then implanted subcutaneously of syngeneic rats for 6 weeks. In vitro assessment of Leu to hard tissue formation with coating on the well or addition in rBMC culture medium was also performed in a 6-well plate for 2 weeks. In vivo examinations showed the excellent effect of Leu coating on PVF sponge. Leu-coated PVF sponge in the scaffolds showed marked new bone formation in the pores by histological examination. Leu-coated PVF sponge showed a high quantity of osteocalcine (OC). HA might prevent the release of rBMCs from PVF as a barrier. In in vitro examinations, the quantity of OC in rBMC culture with and without the addition of Leu in culture medium showed no significant difference. However, addition of Leu showed significant ALP activity level in culture medium. Leu coating in culture plate wells showed no influence on the quantity of OC. It was concluded from the results that Leu might prevent the emigration of rBMCs to the outside of the scaffold and promote the differentiation of cells to osteoblasts in the scaffold.展开更多
The mutation pattern in protein is a very important feature and is studied through various approaches including the study on mutation pattern in domains where amino acids are converted into numbers from letters. In th...The mutation pattern in protein is a very important feature and is studied through various approaches including the study on mutation pattern in domains where amino acids are converted into numbers from letters. In this study, we converted the amino acids in human adrenoleukodystrophy protein with its 128 missense mutations into random domain using the amino-acid pair predictability, and then we studied their mutation patterns. The results show 1) the mutations are more likely to target the amino-acid pairs whose actual frequency is larger than their predicted one, 2) the mutations are more likely to form the amino-acid pairs whose actual frequency is smaller than their predicted frequency, 3) mutations are more likely to occur at unpredictable amino-acid pairs, and 4) mutations have the trend to narrow the difference between predicted and actual frequencies of amino-acid pairs.展开更多
Three novel amino acid salts of 12-molybdosilicate formulated （Gly）6H4SiMo12O40·8H2O 1, K3（HGly）SiMol2O40·4H2O 2 and K2（HGly）2SiMo12O40·9H2O 3 （Gly = NH3CH2COO） were synthesized and characteriz...Three novel amino acid salts of 12-molybdosilicate formulated （Gly）6H4SiMo12O40·8H2O 1, K3（HGly）SiMol2O40·4H2O 2 and K2（HGly）2SiMo12O40·9H2O 3 （Gly = NH3CH2COO） were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and single-crystal X-ray analysis. Compound 1 crystallizes in trigonal, space group R-3 with a = 17.0742（3）, b = 17.0742（3）, c = 16.792（4）A°, γ = 120°, F（000） = 3474, Mr = 2413.92, Z = 3, V = 4239.4（14）A°^3, Dc = 2.837 g/cm^3,μ（MoKα） = 2.728 mm^-1, the final R = 0.0622, wR = 0.1549 （I 〉 2σ（I）） and GOF = 1.143. In compound 1, each [SiMo12O40]^4- unit is surrounded by six Gly molecules through hydrogen bonding. Compounds 2 and 3 crystallize in monoclinic, space groups P21c and P21/c, respectively. The pH value of the reaction media plays a crucial role in the formations of the three compounds.展开更多
In order to explain the high activity of N-phosphoryl-α-amino acids, ab initio and MNDO calculations are performed to study the reaction pathway of the intermediate formation from N-dimethylphosphoryl-α-alanine (DMP...In order to explain the high activity of N-phosphoryl-α-amino acids, ab initio and MNDO calculations are performed to study the reaction pathway of the intermediate formation from N-dimethylphosphoryl-α-alanine (DMP-α-Ala) and the structures and energies involved in the reaction.展开更多
A novel heteronuclear metal organic framework(MOF) incorporating both transition and alkali metal ions, namely, {(Ni_2K_2L_2·bipy]×6 H_2O]×2 H_2O}n(1, L = N-phosphonomethyl amino diacetic acid, bipy = 4...A novel heteronuclear metal organic framework(MOF) incorporating both transition and alkali metal ions, namely, {(Ni_2K_2L_2·bipy]×6 H_2O]×2 H_2O}n(1, L = N-phosphonomethyl amino diacetic acid, bipy = 4,4?-dipyridine) has been obtained. Its structure was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and further characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. The complex crystallizes in orthorhombic system, space group Pccn with a = 14.650(11), b = 36.56(3), c = 7.112(5) ? and V = 3809.3(8) ?~3. In this framework, bipy connects adjacent Ni–K heteronuclear coordination units into 1 D railway type chains, which are further propagated into 2 D deck-like array bearing large tunnels through the carboxylic oxygen from N-phosphonomethyl amino diacetic acid. The molar electrical conductivity of heteronuclear complex increases gradually with increasing the temperature. Complex 1 also exhibits strong photoluminescent emission in the visible region.展开更多
The detection of single amino-acid variants （SAVs） usually depends on single-nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） database. Here, we describe a novel method that discovers SAVs at proteome level independent of SNPs dat...The detection of single amino-acid variants （SAVs） usually depends on single-nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） database. Here, we describe a novel method that discovers SAVs at proteome level independent of SNPs data. Using mass spectrometry-based de novo sequencing algorithm, peptide-candidates are identified and compared with theoretical protein database to generate SAVs under pairing strategy, which is followed by database re-searching to control false discovery rate. in human brain tissues, we can confidently identify known and novel protein variants with diverse origins. Combined with DNA/RNA sequencing, we verify SAVs derived from DNA mutations, RNA alternative splicing, and unknown post-transcriptional mechanisms. Furthermore, quantitative analysis in human brain tissues reveals several tissue-specific differential expressions of SAVs. This approach provides a novel access to high-throughput detection of protein variants, which may offer the potential for clinical biomarker discovery and mechanistic research.展开更多
Background： SmD1-amino-acid 83-119 peptide （SmD183-119） is the major epitope of Smith （Sm） antigen, which is specific for adult systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）. The anti-SmD183-119 antibody has exhibited hig...Background： SmD1-amino-acid 83-119 peptide （SmD183-119） is the major epitope of Smith （Sm） antigen, which is specific for adult systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）. The anti-SmD183-119 antibody has exhibited higher sensitivity and specificity than anti-Sm antibody in diagnosing adult SLE. However, the utility of anti-SmD183-119 antibodies remains unclear in children with SLE （cSLE）. This study aimed to assess the characteristics of anti-StuD 183-119 antibody in the diagnosis of cSLE. Methods： Samples from 242 children with different rheumatological and immunological disorders, including autoimmune diseases （SLE [n = 46] and ankylosing spondylitis [AS, n = 11]）, nonautoimmune diseases （Henoch-Schonlein purpura [HSP, n = 60], idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura [n = 27], hematuria [n = 59], and arthralgia [n = 39]） were collected from Shanghai Children＇s Medical Center from March 6, 2012 to February 27, 2014. Seventy age- and sex-matched patients were enrolled in this study as the negative controls. All the patients＇ sera were analyzed for the anti-SmD 183-119, anti-Sm, anti-U 1-nRNP, anti-double-stranded DNA （dsDNA）, anti-nucleosome, anti-SSA/Ro60, anti-SSA/Ro52, anti-SSB, anti-Scl-70, and anti-histone antibodies using the immunoblotting assay. The differences in sensitivity and specificity between anti-SmD183-119 and anti-Sm antibodies were compared by Chi-square test. The correlations between anti-SmD183-119 and other auto-antibodies were analyzed using the Spearman＇s correlation analysis. A value of P 〈 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results： Thirty-six out of 46 patients with cSLE were found to be positive for anti-SmD183-119, while 12 patients from the cSLE cohort were found to be positive for anti-Sm. Compared to cSLE, it has been shown that anti-SmD183-119 was only detected in 27.3% of patients with AS and 16.7% of patients with HSP. In comparison with anti-Sm, it has been demonstrated that anti-StuD 183-119 had a higher sensitivity （78.3% vs. 26.1%, 2＇2 = 25.1, P 〈 0.05） and a lower specificity （90.8% vs. 100%, x^2 = 13.6, P 〈 0.05） in the diagnosis of cSLE. Further analysis revealed that anti-StuD 183-119 antibodies were positively correlated with anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, and anti-histone antibodies in cSLE. Moreover, it has been clearly shown that anti-SmD183-119was more sensitive than anti-Sm in discriminating autoimmune diseases from nonautoimmune disorders in patients with arthralgia or hematuria. Conclusions： Measurement of anti-SmD183-119 in patients with cSLE has a higher sensitivity and a marginally lower specificity than anti-Sin. It has been suggested that inclusion of anti-SmD183-119 testing in the integrated laboratory diagnosis ofcSLE may significantly improve the overall sensitivity in child populations.展开更多
基金Supported by Henan Major Scientific and Technological Project(121100110300)Outstanding Youth Project of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2013YQ006)~~
文摘In this study, nine high-lysine maize kernels and two kernels of common maize hybrid were used as experiment materials, and quantitative determination of lysine contents in high-lysine maize kernels and common maize kernels was carried out using Hitachi L-8900 Automatic Amino-acid Analyzer, to know the effect of the Analyzer in distinguishing the lysine contents between common maize kernels and high-lysine maize kernels. The results showed that the lysine contents of high-lysine maize kernels were among 0.34%-0.42%, while of common maize kernels were a- mong 0.24%-0.25%, and the difference was significant. Compared with other tradi- tional methods, this method is rapid, simple, sensitive, highly reproductive and needs fewer maize kernels, thus it is applicable in maize breeding.
文摘The polymerase acidic protein is an important family of proteins from influenza A virus, which is classified as many different subtypes or spe-cies. Thus, an important question is if these classifications are numerically distinguishable with respect to the polymerase acidic protein. The amino-acid pair predictability was used to transfer 2432 polymerase acidic proteins into 2432 scalar data. The one-way ANOVA found these polymerase acidic proteins distinguish-able in terms of subtypes and species. However, the large residuals in ANOVA suggested a pos-sible large intra-subtype/species variation. Therefore, the inter- and intra-subtype/species variations were studied using the model II ANOVA. The results showed that the in-tra-subtype/species variations accounted most of variation, which was 100% in total for both inter- and intra- subtype/species variations. Our analysis threw lights on the issue of how to de-termine a wide variety of patterns of antigenic variation across space and time, and within and between subtypes as well as hosts.
文摘A formalin-treated polyvinyl-alcohol (PVF) sponge is convenient as a scaffold because its configuration is easily modified. However, coating the sponge with an adhesive chemical agent is necessary to attach bone marrow cells (BMCs) to the sponge structure. Moreover, it was considered that a hybrid scaffold composed of a sponge and enveloped cylindrical porous hydroxyapatite (HA) would be convenient. In this study, the effect of leucine (Leu) coating on a PVF sponge was examined for osteogenesis on an HA/PVF hybrid scaffold by rat BMCs (rBMCs). In an in vivo assessment, the sponge immersed in Leu solution (10 mg/ml) was inserted into the hollow center of cylindrical HA. The sponge received 1.5 × 106 rBMCs obtained from male Fischer 344 rats. The hybrid scaffolds were then implanted subcutaneously of syngeneic rats for 6 weeks. In vitro assessment of Leu to hard tissue formation with coating on the well or addition in rBMC culture medium was also performed in a 6-well plate for 2 weeks. In vivo examinations showed the excellent effect of Leu coating on PVF sponge. Leu-coated PVF sponge in the scaffolds showed marked new bone formation in the pores by histological examination. Leu-coated PVF sponge showed a high quantity of osteocalcine (OC). HA might prevent the release of rBMCs from PVF as a barrier. In in vitro examinations, the quantity of OC in rBMC culture with and without the addition of Leu in culture medium showed no significant difference. However, addition of Leu showed significant ALP activity level in culture medium. Leu coating in culture plate wells showed no influence on the quantity of OC. It was concluded from the results that Leu might prevent the emigration of rBMCs to the outside of the scaffold and promote the differentiation of cells to osteoblasts in the scaffold.
文摘The mutation pattern in protein is a very important feature and is studied through various approaches including the study on mutation pattern in domains where amino acids are converted into numbers from letters. In this study, we converted the amino acids in human adrenoleukodystrophy protein with its 128 missense mutations into random domain using the amino-acid pair predictability, and then we studied their mutation patterns. The results show 1) the mutations are more likely to target the amino-acid pairs whose actual frequency is larger than their predicted one, 2) the mutations are more likely to form the amino-acid pairs whose actual frequency is smaller than their predicted frequency, 3) mutations are more likely to occur at unpredictable amino-acid pairs, and 4) mutations have the trend to narrow the difference between predicted and actual frequencies of amino-acid pairs.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50472021) and the "One-hundred Talent "Project from the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Three novel amino acid salts of 12-molybdosilicate formulated （Gly）6H4SiMo12O40·8H2O 1, K3（HGly）SiMol2O40·4H2O 2 and K2（HGly）2SiMo12O40·9H2O 3 （Gly = NH3CH2COO） were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and single-crystal X-ray analysis. Compound 1 crystallizes in trigonal, space group R-3 with a = 17.0742（3）, b = 17.0742（3）, c = 16.792（4）A°, γ = 120°, F（000） = 3474, Mr = 2413.92, Z = 3, V = 4239.4（14）A°^3, Dc = 2.837 g/cm^3,μ（MoKα） = 2.728 mm^-1, the final R = 0.0622, wR = 0.1549 （I 〉 2σ（I）） and GOF = 1.143. In compound 1, each [SiMo12O40]^4- unit is surrounded by six Gly molecules through hydrogen bonding. Compounds 2 and 3 crystallize in monoclinic, space groups P21c and P21/c, respectively. The pH value of the reaction media plays a crucial role in the formations of the three compounds.
文摘In order to explain the high activity of N-phosphoryl-α-amino acids, ab initio and MNDO calculations are performed to study the reaction pathway of the intermediate formation from N-dimethylphosphoryl-α-alanine (DMP-α-Ala) and the structures and energies involved in the reaction.
基金This project was supported by the National Foundation for Science of China(No.U180411457)Foundation for Science&Technology Innovation Talents in Henan province(No.16410010012)the Foundation of Education Committee of Henan province(No.182102310897)
文摘A novel heteronuclear metal organic framework(MOF) incorporating both transition and alkali metal ions, namely, {(Ni_2K_2L_2·bipy]×6 H_2O]×2 H_2O}n(1, L = N-phosphonomethyl amino diacetic acid, bipy = 4,4?-dipyridine) has been obtained. Its structure was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and further characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. The complex crystallizes in orthorhombic system, space group Pccn with a = 14.650(11), b = 36.56(3), c = 7.112(5) ? and V = 3809.3(8) ?~3. In this framework, bipy connects adjacent Ni–K heteronuclear coordination units into 1 D railway type chains, which are further propagated into 2 D deck-like array bearing large tunnels through the carboxylic oxygen from N-phosphonomethyl amino diacetic acid. The molar electrical conductivity of heteronuclear complex increases gradually with increasing the temperature. Complex 1 also exhibits strong photoluminescent emission in the visible region.
文摘The detection of single amino-acid variants （SAVs） usually depends on single-nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） database. Here, we describe a novel method that discovers SAVs at proteome level independent of SNPs data. Using mass spectrometry-based de novo sequencing algorithm, peptide-candidates are identified and compared with theoretical protein database to generate SAVs under pairing strategy, which is followed by database re-searching to control false discovery rate. in human brain tissues, we can confidently identify known and novel protein variants with diverse origins. Combined with DNA/RNA sequencing, we verify SAVs derived from DNA mutations, RNA alternative splicing, and unknown post-transcriptional mechanisms. Furthermore, quantitative analysis in human brain tissues reveals several tissue-specific differential expressions of SAVs. This approach provides a novel access to high-throughput detection of protein variants, which may offer the potential for clinical biomarker discovery and mechanistic research.
文摘Background： SmD1-amino-acid 83-119 peptide （SmD183-119） is the major epitope of Smith （Sm） antigen, which is specific for adult systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）. The anti-SmD183-119 antibody has exhibited higher sensitivity and specificity than anti-Sm antibody in diagnosing adult SLE. However, the utility of anti-SmD183-119 antibodies remains unclear in children with SLE （cSLE）. This study aimed to assess the characteristics of anti-StuD 183-119 antibody in the diagnosis of cSLE. Methods： Samples from 242 children with different rheumatological and immunological disorders, including autoimmune diseases （SLE [n = 46] and ankylosing spondylitis [AS, n = 11]）, nonautoimmune diseases （Henoch-Schonlein purpura [HSP, n = 60], idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura [n = 27], hematuria [n = 59], and arthralgia [n = 39]） were collected from Shanghai Children＇s Medical Center from March 6, 2012 to February 27, 2014. Seventy age- and sex-matched patients were enrolled in this study as the negative controls. All the patients＇ sera were analyzed for the anti-SmD 183-119, anti-Sm, anti-U 1-nRNP, anti-double-stranded DNA （dsDNA）, anti-nucleosome, anti-SSA/Ro60, anti-SSA/Ro52, anti-SSB, anti-Scl-70, and anti-histone antibodies using the immunoblotting assay. The differences in sensitivity and specificity between anti-SmD183-119 and anti-Sm antibodies were compared by Chi-square test. The correlations between anti-SmD183-119 and other auto-antibodies were analyzed using the Spearman＇s correlation analysis. A value of P 〈 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results： Thirty-six out of 46 patients with cSLE were found to be positive for anti-SmD183-119, while 12 patients from the cSLE cohort were found to be positive for anti-Sm. Compared to cSLE, it has been shown that anti-SmD183-119 was only detected in 27.3% of patients with AS and 16.7% of patients with HSP. In comparison with anti-Sm, it has been demonstrated that anti-StuD 183-119 had a higher sensitivity （78.3% vs. 26.1%, 2＇2 = 25.1, P 〈 0.05） and a lower specificity （90.8% vs. 100%, x^2 = 13.6, P 〈 0.05） in the diagnosis of cSLE. Further analysis revealed that anti-StuD 183-119 antibodies were positively correlated with anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, and anti-histone antibodies in cSLE. Moreover, it has been clearly shown that anti-SmD183-119was more sensitive than anti-Sm in discriminating autoimmune diseases from nonautoimmune disorders in patients with arthralgia or hematuria. Conclusions： Measurement of anti-SmD183-119 in patients with cSLE has a higher sensitivity and a marginally lower specificity than anti-Sin. It has been suggested that inclusion of anti-SmD183-119 testing in the integrated laboratory diagnosis ofcSLE may significantly improve the overall sensitivity in child populations.
