Apperceive and Imitate before Practice and Show简称AIP Show或AIPS意为感知模仿秀。学习英语的过程首先是一个模仿的过程,在英语学习的初级阶段更是如此,这是符合人类语言认知规律的。模仿的动力源自生活的需要,作为一个非英语国家...Apperceive and Imitate before Practice and Show简称AIP Show或AIPS意为感知模仿秀。学习英语的过程首先是一个模仿的过程,在英语学习的初级阶段更是如此,这是符合人类语言认知规律的。模仿的动力源自生活的需要,作为一个非英语国家的学习者学习英语,感知语境可视为模仿的前提。在感知中发现问题,从而产生解决问题的欲望,可谓"不愤不启,不悱不发"。启发式教学、自主性探究在AIPS模式中得到充分体现。AIPS模式教学法在英语教学实践中取得了可喜的成功。其适用于对话、阅读、语法、练习等各种课型。AIPS模式节奏快、条理清晰、便于操作,其理论意义和实践意义在英语教学中发挥着重要作用。展开更多
目的探究血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数(atherogenic index of plasma,AIP)与代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病(metabolism-associated steatotic liver disease,MASLD)的关系,评估AIP作为MASLD风险预测指标的潜在价值,为早期预防和临床干预提供参...目的探究血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数(atherogenic index of plasma,AIP)与代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病(metabolism-associated steatotic liver disease,MASLD)的关系,评估AIP作为MASLD风险预测指标的潜在价值,为早期预防和临床干预提供参考。方法纳入2021年6月至2023年5月西安交通大学第二附属医院4850名健康体检者。按AIP四分位数将全体受试者由低到高分为4组(Q1~Q4),比较各组间生化指标与MASLD患病率。采用Logistic回归、亚组分析、限制性立方样条(restricted cubic splines,RCS)等方法探究AIP与MASLD之间的相关性。结果共纳入4850例受试者,MASLD患病率为26.08%(1265例)。Q1~Q4组MASLD的患病率分别为4.0%、13.8%、30.8%、55.6%,患病率随AIP四分位数组级升高而呈显著递增趋势(P<0.001)。与Q1组相比,Q2~Q4组男性占比、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、吸烟者占比、超重肥胖占比、腹型肥胖占比、糖尿病前期占比、高血压占比、血尿酸及脂肪肝指数(fatty liver index,FLI)水平均明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。随着AIP的增加,血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著增加,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平则显著降低(P<0.001)。RCS曲线显示随着AIP增加,MASLD的患病风险显著增加,AIP与MASLD患病风险之间呈线性关系。Logistic回归显示,在调整混杂因素后,Q4组中MASLD发生风险为Q1组的8.71倍(OR=8.71,95%CI:6.20~12.23,P<0.001)。建立的复合模型具有更高的判别性能(AUC=0.883,95%CI:0.873~0.892)。交互作用分析提示AIP与BMI、高血压及糖尿病前期存在显著交互作用(P<0.05),在无上述代谢异常的人群中,AIP与MASLD的关联更为显著。结论AIP升高与MASLD发病风险增加显著相关,尤其在BMI正常组、血压正常组及血糖正常组中关联更强,提示AIP有望作为MASLD早期筛查的潜在指标。展开更多
The utilization of hybrid energy systems has necessitated to address the various Power Quality(PQ)concerns in Distributed Generation(DG)networks.Owing to the emergence of DG networks in recent times,it is envisaged fo...The utilization of hybrid energy systems has necessitated to address the various Power Quality(PQ)concerns in Distributed Generation(DG)networks.Owing to the emergence of DG networks in recent times,it is envisaged for every utility⁃grid⁃tied system to generate and utilize harmonic⁃less electric power.Therefore,the present research critically evaluates the operation of a utility⁃grid coordinated DG system and studies its islanding operation under faulted conditions.To achieve this,an Anti⁃Islanding Protection(AIP)scheme is developed which is capable of controlling the frequency and voltage variations.This scheme is operated by a coordinated operation of multivibrators.Their operation continuously traces the pre⁃defined limits of voltage,reactive,and real power,and matches with their reference values to avoid mismatch.It is revealed that,if the mismatched values of real and reactive power exceeded its threshold value of 0.1 p.u.,then the islanding condition is detected.Especially,the proposed system is assessed in two modes:utility⁃grid and islanding modes.In utility⁃grid mode,reactive power compensation is obtained by the control of voltage and frequency signals.However,in islanding mode,the real power requirement of the connected load is obtained with reduced harmonics under unsymmetrical faulted conditions.Incremental Conductance(IC)based Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT)technique ensures the extraction of maximum power under varying and stochastically atmospheric conditions.Simulation results reveal that the AIP scheme promptly disconnects the utility grid from the DG network in the minimum time during dynamic variations in frequency and voltage to prevent islanding.It is justified that there is violation of the considered threshold limits even under the faulted condition.The strategy of the switchgear scheme ensures the minimum detection time of the islanding operation.Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)is 0.26%for grid voltage.It validates according to the IEEE⁃1547 standard which stipulates that the THD of grid voltage must be less than 5%.Overall,satisfactory and accurate results are obtained,which are compared with the IEEE⁃1547 standard for validation.展开更多
文摘Apperceive and Imitate before Practice and Show简称AIP Show或AIPS意为感知模仿秀。学习英语的过程首先是一个模仿的过程,在英语学习的初级阶段更是如此,这是符合人类语言认知规律的。模仿的动力源自生活的需要,作为一个非英语国家的学习者学习英语,感知语境可视为模仿的前提。在感知中发现问题,从而产生解决问题的欲望,可谓"不愤不启,不悱不发"。启发式教学、自主性探究在AIPS模式中得到充分体现。AIPS模式教学法在英语教学实践中取得了可喜的成功。其适用于对话、阅读、语法、练习等各种课型。AIPS模式节奏快、条理清晰、便于操作,其理论意义和实践意义在英语教学中发挥着重要作用。
文摘目的探究血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数(atherogenic index of plasma,AIP)与代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病(metabolism-associated steatotic liver disease,MASLD)的关系,评估AIP作为MASLD风险预测指标的潜在价值,为早期预防和临床干预提供参考。方法纳入2021年6月至2023年5月西安交通大学第二附属医院4850名健康体检者。按AIP四分位数将全体受试者由低到高分为4组(Q1~Q4),比较各组间生化指标与MASLD患病率。采用Logistic回归、亚组分析、限制性立方样条(restricted cubic splines,RCS)等方法探究AIP与MASLD之间的相关性。结果共纳入4850例受试者,MASLD患病率为26.08%(1265例)。Q1~Q4组MASLD的患病率分别为4.0%、13.8%、30.8%、55.6%,患病率随AIP四分位数组级升高而呈显著递增趋势(P<0.001)。与Q1组相比,Q2~Q4组男性占比、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、吸烟者占比、超重肥胖占比、腹型肥胖占比、糖尿病前期占比、高血压占比、血尿酸及脂肪肝指数(fatty liver index,FLI)水平均明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。随着AIP的增加,血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著增加,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平则显著降低(P<0.001)。RCS曲线显示随着AIP增加,MASLD的患病风险显著增加,AIP与MASLD患病风险之间呈线性关系。Logistic回归显示,在调整混杂因素后,Q4组中MASLD发生风险为Q1组的8.71倍(OR=8.71,95%CI:6.20~12.23,P<0.001)。建立的复合模型具有更高的判别性能(AUC=0.883,95%CI:0.873~0.892)。交互作用分析提示AIP与BMI、高血压及糖尿病前期存在显著交互作用(P<0.05),在无上述代谢异常的人群中,AIP与MASLD的关联更为显著。结论AIP升高与MASLD发病风险增加显著相关,尤其在BMI正常组、血压正常组及血糖正常组中关联更强,提示AIP有望作为MASLD早期筛查的潜在指标。
文摘The utilization of hybrid energy systems has necessitated to address the various Power Quality(PQ)concerns in Distributed Generation(DG)networks.Owing to the emergence of DG networks in recent times,it is envisaged for every utility⁃grid⁃tied system to generate and utilize harmonic⁃less electric power.Therefore,the present research critically evaluates the operation of a utility⁃grid coordinated DG system and studies its islanding operation under faulted conditions.To achieve this,an Anti⁃Islanding Protection(AIP)scheme is developed which is capable of controlling the frequency and voltage variations.This scheme is operated by a coordinated operation of multivibrators.Their operation continuously traces the pre⁃defined limits of voltage,reactive,and real power,and matches with their reference values to avoid mismatch.It is revealed that,if the mismatched values of real and reactive power exceeded its threshold value of 0.1 p.u.,then the islanding condition is detected.Especially,the proposed system is assessed in two modes:utility⁃grid and islanding modes.In utility⁃grid mode,reactive power compensation is obtained by the control of voltage and frequency signals.However,in islanding mode,the real power requirement of the connected load is obtained with reduced harmonics under unsymmetrical faulted conditions.Incremental Conductance(IC)based Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT)technique ensures the extraction of maximum power under varying and stochastically atmospheric conditions.Simulation results reveal that the AIP scheme promptly disconnects the utility grid from the DG network in the minimum time during dynamic variations in frequency and voltage to prevent islanding.It is justified that there is violation of the considered threshold limits even under the faulted condition.The strategy of the switchgear scheme ensures the minimum detection time of the islanding operation.Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)is 0.26%for grid voltage.It validates according to the IEEE⁃1547 standard which stipulates that the THD of grid voltage must be less than 5%.Overall,satisfactory and accurate results are obtained,which are compared with the IEEE⁃1547 standard for validation.
