The relative importance of each pollution factor in analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method comes from pooling expert opinions in general. Because expert opinions are based on information and judgment criteria, dete...The relative importance of each pollution factor in analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method comes from pooling expert opinions in general. Because expert opinions are based on information and judgment criteria, determining their weight may lead to uncertainty.. Therefore, an improved AHP method had been developed. The process of the improved AHP method involved four key procedures. The weights of pollution factors were completely related to the objective monitoring data through the standardization of these procedures. The environmental comprehensive quality of water and sediment of Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China had been evaluated. The environmental quality comprehensive indices (EQCI) of the water in 1991-1995 and 1996-2000 were 3.32 and 1.85, respectively, indicating that the water quality improved. The EQCI of the sediment in 1995 and 2000 indicates that the sediment contamination decreased from 1995 to 2000. Such results agreed with the fact that the lake had been under comprehensive control. However, with the classical AHP method, the EQCI of the sediment in the northwestern part of the lake may have indicated that sediment contamination increased from 1995 to 2000. The discrepancy may have resulted from the judgment difference of the experts. The improved AHP method can avoid arbitrariness of subjective judgment and can reflect the real influential factors of environment pollution in different periods or regions.展开更多
针对当下本科生学习能力影响因素问题,提出基于层次分析法和熵权法(Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy Weight Method,AHP-EWM)的学习能力评价模型。通过阅读文献和调研对影响学习能力的因素进行结构化梳理,从知识掌握、自主学习...针对当下本科生学习能力影响因素问题,提出基于层次分析法和熵权法(Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy Weight Method,AHP-EWM)的学习能力评价模型。通过阅读文献和调研对影响学习能力的因素进行结构化梳理,从知识掌握、自主学习、实践应用及学习素养4个方面,构建影响学习能力的评价指标体系及组合权重数学模型。调研某学院本科生的实例权重值计算,确定知识整合能力、社会化应用及实践成果等二级指标是影响学生学习能力的最主要因素。展开更多
Through the use of general sampling and measurement by^(137)Cs dating,problems regarding the absence of monitoring data can easily be resolved.Further,weighted values need to be determined while Environment Quality Co...Through the use of general sampling and measurement by^(137)Cs dating,problems regarding the absence of monitoring data can easily be resolved.Further,weighted values need to be determined while Environment Quality Comprehensive Index(EQCI)is commonly used as applied in environmental quality comprehensive evaluation.In order to overcome the subjectivity in determining weights,the modified Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP)method was designed.The modified AHP method involved the following key procedures:First,the parameters y_(i1)and y_(i2)were calculated based on the monitoring data;second,the factors were put in order according to the symbol and value of y_(i1)and y_(i2);third,the continuous odd integers,which represented the importance of factors,were given to factors according to their seating order;and,fourth,the factor weights were determined from the pair-wise comparison matrix calculated by the ratio of the given odd integers.Therefore,the weights were completely based on the monitoring data.In the present study,the comprehensive quality of sediments in five sections of Lake Dianchi were evaluated and the results indicated that the current contamination of sediments in each lake section is much more serious than at any other time in history.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40771186.
文摘The relative importance of each pollution factor in analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method comes from pooling expert opinions in general. Because expert opinions are based on information and judgment criteria, determining their weight may lead to uncertainty.. Therefore, an improved AHP method had been developed. The process of the improved AHP method involved four key procedures. The weights of pollution factors were completely related to the objective monitoring data through the standardization of these procedures. The environmental comprehensive quality of water and sediment of Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China had been evaluated. The environmental quality comprehensive indices (EQCI) of the water in 1991-1995 and 1996-2000 were 3.32 and 1.85, respectively, indicating that the water quality improved. The EQCI of the sediment in 1995 and 2000 indicates that the sediment contamination decreased from 1995 to 2000. Such results agreed with the fact that the lake had been under comprehensive control. However, with the classical AHP method, the EQCI of the sediment in the northwestern part of the lake may have indicated that sediment contamination increased from 1995 to 2000. The discrepancy may have resulted from the judgment difference of the experts. The improved AHP method can avoid arbitrariness of subjective judgment and can reflect the real influential factors of environment pollution in different periods or regions.
文摘针对当下本科生学习能力影响因素问题,提出基于层次分析法和熵权法(Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy Weight Method,AHP-EWM)的学习能力评价模型。通过阅读文献和调研对影响学习能力的因素进行结构化梳理,从知识掌握、自主学习、实践应用及学习素养4个方面,构建影响学习能力的评价指标体系及组合权重数学模型。调研某学院本科生的实例权重值计算,确定知识整合能力、社会化应用及实践成果等二级指标是影响学生学习能力的最主要因素。
基金This work was supported by the State Key Laboratory of Soil sustainable AgricultureInstitute of Soil Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.5022505)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40771186)。
文摘Through the use of general sampling and measurement by^(137)Cs dating,problems regarding the absence of monitoring data can easily be resolved.Further,weighted values need to be determined while Environment Quality Comprehensive Index(EQCI)is commonly used as applied in environmental quality comprehensive evaluation.In order to overcome the subjectivity in determining weights,the modified Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP)method was designed.The modified AHP method involved the following key procedures:First,the parameters y_(i1)and y_(i2)were calculated based on the monitoring data;second,the factors were put in order according to the symbol and value of y_(i1)and y_(i2);third,the continuous odd integers,which represented the importance of factors,were given to factors according to their seating order;and,fourth,the factor weights were determined from the pair-wise comparison matrix calculated by the ratio of the given odd integers.Therefore,the weights were completely based on the monitoring data.In the present study,the comprehensive quality of sediments in five sections of Lake Dianchi were evaluated and the results indicated that the current contamination of sediments in each lake section is much more serious than at any other time in history.
