随着加速器质谱(AMS)^(14)C测年需求的增长,高效、低本底的石墨化制样装置成为年代学实验室核心设备。传统手动制样因流程存在效率低、现代碳污染严重、难以在短期找到或培养经验丰富的人员等问题的限制,使得多种商业自动石墨化装置得...随着加速器质谱(AMS)^(14)C测年需求的增长,高效、低本底的石墨化制样装置成为年代学实验室核心设备。传统手动制样因流程存在效率低、现代碳污染严重、难以在短期找到或培养经验丰富的人员等问题的限制,使得多种商业自动石墨化装置得到快速发展。目前国内已大量使用CEGS、AGE3、μGRAPHILINE等石墨化制样装置,满足日常样品制备工作,其工作原理、系统性能与适用范围尚缺乏系统对比。文章从仪器设计(结构及性能、自动化控制、功能拓展)、石墨化流程(样品氧化方式、CO_(2)纯化技术、催化还原方法)等多方面进行了详细介绍;并基于本底样品(邻苯二甲酸酐、天然石墨)及国际标准物质(OXⅡ、IAEA-C系列)的石墨化数据为依据,对3种自动石墨化装置的系统性能(石墨转化率、本底水平、运行效率)进行了对比。研究得出的结论,旨在为相关研究人员未来认识与选购此类设备提供参考依据。以下为本文结论:CEGS具备在线/离线氧化与酸解功能,液氮冷阱纯化使本底达>50000 a B.P.,石墨转化率>91%,最高可达99.8%,但顺序处理模式限制了运行效率,适合高本底需求样品或复杂样品的前处理研究;AGE3通过元素分析仪和沸石分子筛吸附实现了高效运行,本底可稳定在45000~50000 a B.P.,常规样品的石墨转化率可维持在90%以上,但对微量样品(初始碳量<200μg)的石墨转化率较低,适合均质样品的批量处理;μGRAPHILINE采用无液氮无气体的石墨化方法及特殊的CO_(2)转移技术与模块化设计,据官方资料其本底可维持在45000 a B.P.,石墨转化率>95%,单日样品通量可达24个,运维成本低,具备故障隔离能力,适合大样品量的处理。展开更多
Introduction: Variability in severity of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection is reportedly due to differences in inflammatory response. Objective: To characterize the cytokine response in RSV+ infants aged 0 -...Introduction: Variability in severity of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection is reportedly due to differences in inflammatory response. Objective: To characterize the cytokine response in RSV+ infants aged 0 - 36 months and to relate their responses to disease severity. Methods: Nasopharyngeal aspirations (NPAs) were analyzed for RSV and IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-1RA, IL-4R, IFN-γ, sTNFR1, sTNFR2, and TNF-α. Clinical data were collected from the medical records. Results: We included 331 infants of whom 214 were RSV+. In comparison to RSV- infants, they had significantly higher levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ (p α, IL-6, and IL-1β. sTNFR1/2 were significantly increased in RSV+ infants. Hospitalized patients had significantly higher levels of TNF-α, sTNFR2, and IL-10 (p < 0.05) than non-hospitalized patients. The cytokine response could not be related to disease severity. We found no evidence of a skewed Th1/Th2 immune profile. Conclusion: In acute RSV disease, infected infants’ NPAs contain a significant amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Whether this response is beneficial or deleterious remains unanswered. Interpersonal variations in cytokine responses might be linked to an inherited tendency to variations in disease severity.展开更多
This paper examines the language development of Chinese children aged 0-3years in city family. About baby＇s language development by the time stages accordingly. Paying special attention to the efforts for the parents...This paper examines the language development of Chinese children aged 0-3years in city family. About baby＇s language development by the time stages accordingly. Paying special attention to the efforts for the parents or caregivers. Infants receive more talking education and speak earlier. Most parents can hardly wait for their baby to say its first word and communicate with their baby. From about 2 years old, the child should be able to use simple phrases, retell simple story and even to sing song. Parents play an important role in this stage. By the 3 years children begin to use most of function words rather than omit them. And acquisition for the second language will help children＇s language development. The children have a gift for learning language.展开更多
The research is aimed at the potential of the professional architectural education and solving one of the important problems of society—creating conditions for maintaining health and social rehabilitation of older pe...The research is aimed at the potential of the professional architectural education and solving one of the important problems of society—creating conditions for maintaining health and social rehabilitation of older people.The experience of universities,public organizations,museums in Europe and North America was analyzed.Six types of strategies of these organizations were identified.They were differing in the degree of development of social and professional communications.The most interested in developing supplementary architecture and art education for older people are Colleges of Arts and Art museums.In the first case,the communication’s basis of the Colleges is there interest in the public appreciation of new art works.In the second case,the social missions of the Art museums.At the final stage,the sociological study of the attitude towards these programs among the participants of the Moscow Mayor’s Project“Moscow Longevity”had been done.It showed that the most attractive for 3-d age people was the opportunity to visit the Moscow Architectural Institute-an architectural monument and communicate with professors.展开更多
Introduction and Objectives: Soil-Transmitted-Helminthiasis (STH) is a public health problem in Cameroon. The control strategies currently in place, particularly chemoprevention, has shortcomings linked to the target ...Introduction and Objectives: Soil-Transmitted-Helminthiasis (STH) is a public health problem in Cameroon. The control strategies currently in place, particularly chemoprevention, has shortcomings linked to the target population, which are school-age children. The objective was to determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated with geo-helminthiasis in children aged 0 to 3 years in a rural health district. Method: From December 2020 to May 2021, a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of 376 children between 6 and 36 months was carried out in the Akonolinga health district. This was a cluster sampling in 4 health areas. Stool samples were collected and analysed using the mini-FLOTAC method. The results expressed as the number of eggs per gram of stool. A questionnaire on socio-demographic and lifestyle data was administered to the parents. The Chi-squared test was used to measure the association between geo-helminth infection and the data collected. A multivariate analysis using logistic regression was performed (p 0.05). Results: The prevalence of STH was 19.4% (Ascaris lumbricoides: 16% and Trichuris trichiura: 8%). Risk factors were: consumption of contaminated water (AOR = 1.93 [1.03 - 3.6];p = 0.040), early contact of the child with the ground (before age of 4 months) (AOR = 4.9 [2.1 - 11.37];p .001), habit of walking barefoot (AOR = 2.91 [1.1 - 7.97];p = 0.038), and living in a habitat with unpaved ground (AOR = 7.4 [1.55 - 35.7];p = 0.012). Conclusion: The prevalence of STHs in infants was high. Preventive chemotherapy should be extended to this age-group, and other measures intensified.展开更多
Objective: to observe the practical effect of predictive nursing in the 1-3 year-old childrens immunization nursing. Methods: a total of 114 children aged 1-3 years were enrolled in the study and divided into group ①...Objective: to observe the practical effect of predictive nursing in the 1-3 year-old childrens immunization nursing. Methods: a total of 114 children aged 1-3 years were enrolled in the study and divided into group ①: Control group and group ②: Observation group. Routine nursing and predictive nursing were administered respectively. Results: the data in Table 1-5 all indicate that the data obtained from the nursing methods in the observation group are more satisfactory (P < 0.05). Conclusion: predictive nursing is helpful to improve the coordination degree and comfort level of immunization for children aged 1-3 years old, reduce the incidence of stress reaction, and improve the cognitive level and satisfaction of family members.展开更多
文摘随着加速器质谱(AMS)^(14)C测年需求的增长,高效、低本底的石墨化制样装置成为年代学实验室核心设备。传统手动制样因流程存在效率低、现代碳污染严重、难以在短期找到或培养经验丰富的人员等问题的限制,使得多种商业自动石墨化装置得到快速发展。目前国内已大量使用CEGS、AGE3、μGRAPHILINE等石墨化制样装置,满足日常样品制备工作,其工作原理、系统性能与适用范围尚缺乏系统对比。文章从仪器设计(结构及性能、自动化控制、功能拓展)、石墨化流程(样品氧化方式、CO_(2)纯化技术、催化还原方法)等多方面进行了详细介绍;并基于本底样品(邻苯二甲酸酐、天然石墨)及国际标准物质(OXⅡ、IAEA-C系列)的石墨化数据为依据,对3种自动石墨化装置的系统性能(石墨转化率、本底水平、运行效率)进行了对比。研究得出的结论,旨在为相关研究人员未来认识与选购此类设备提供参考依据。以下为本文结论:CEGS具备在线/离线氧化与酸解功能,液氮冷阱纯化使本底达>50000 a B.P.,石墨转化率>91%,最高可达99.8%,但顺序处理模式限制了运行效率,适合高本底需求样品或复杂样品的前处理研究;AGE3通过元素分析仪和沸石分子筛吸附实现了高效运行,本底可稳定在45000~50000 a B.P.,常规样品的石墨转化率可维持在90%以上,但对微量样品(初始碳量<200μg)的石墨转化率较低,适合均质样品的批量处理;μGRAPHILINE采用无液氮无气体的石墨化方法及特殊的CO_(2)转移技术与模块化设计,据官方资料其本底可维持在45000 a B.P.,石墨转化率>95%,单日样品通量可达24个,运维成本低,具备故障隔离能力,适合大样品量的处理。
基金Funding has been granted from the Medical Research Foundation in Region III,East-Danish Medical Research Forum(ΦSFF)Frederiks-borg County Research Foundation+5 种基金Rosalie Petersen’s FoundationCaptain Harald Jensen and Wife’s FoundationMrs Olga Bryde Nielsen’s FoundationTvergaard Foundationthe Danish Medical Association’s Research Foundationthe Danish Pediatric Society(DPS).
文摘Introduction: Variability in severity of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection is reportedly due to differences in inflammatory response. Objective: To characterize the cytokine response in RSV+ infants aged 0 - 36 months and to relate their responses to disease severity. Methods: Nasopharyngeal aspirations (NPAs) were analyzed for RSV and IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-1RA, IL-4R, IFN-γ, sTNFR1, sTNFR2, and TNF-α. Clinical data were collected from the medical records. Results: We included 331 infants of whom 214 were RSV+. In comparison to RSV- infants, they had significantly higher levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ (p α, IL-6, and IL-1β. sTNFR1/2 were significantly increased in RSV+ infants. Hospitalized patients had significantly higher levels of TNF-α, sTNFR2, and IL-10 (p < 0.05) than non-hospitalized patients. The cytokine response could not be related to disease severity. We found no evidence of a skewed Th1/Th2 immune profile. Conclusion: In acute RSV disease, infected infants’ NPAs contain a significant amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Whether this response is beneficial or deleterious remains unanswered. Interpersonal variations in cytokine responses might be linked to an inherited tendency to variations in disease severity.
文摘This paper examines the language development of Chinese children aged 0-3years in city family. About baby＇s language development by the time stages accordingly. Paying special attention to the efforts for the parents or caregivers. Infants receive more talking education and speak earlier. Most parents can hardly wait for their baby to say its first word and communicate with their baby. From about 2 years old, the child should be able to use simple phrases, retell simple story and even to sing song. Parents play an important role in this stage. By the 3 years children begin to use most of function words rather than omit them. And acquisition for the second language will help children＇s language development. The children have a gift for learning language.
文摘The research is aimed at the potential of the professional architectural education and solving one of the important problems of society—creating conditions for maintaining health and social rehabilitation of older people.The experience of universities,public organizations,museums in Europe and North America was analyzed.Six types of strategies of these organizations were identified.They were differing in the degree of development of social and professional communications.The most interested in developing supplementary architecture and art education for older people are Colleges of Arts and Art museums.In the first case,the communication’s basis of the Colleges is there interest in the public appreciation of new art works.In the second case,the social missions of the Art museums.At the final stage,the sociological study of the attitude towards these programs among the participants of the Moscow Mayor’s Project“Moscow Longevity”had been done.It showed that the most attractive for 3-d age people was the opportunity to visit the Moscow Architectural Institute-an architectural monument and communicate with professors.
文摘Introduction and Objectives: Soil-Transmitted-Helminthiasis (STH) is a public health problem in Cameroon. The control strategies currently in place, particularly chemoprevention, has shortcomings linked to the target population, which are school-age children. The objective was to determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated with geo-helminthiasis in children aged 0 to 3 years in a rural health district. Method: From December 2020 to May 2021, a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of 376 children between 6 and 36 months was carried out in the Akonolinga health district. This was a cluster sampling in 4 health areas. Stool samples were collected and analysed using the mini-FLOTAC method. The results expressed as the number of eggs per gram of stool. A questionnaire on socio-demographic and lifestyle data was administered to the parents. The Chi-squared test was used to measure the association between geo-helminth infection and the data collected. A multivariate analysis using logistic regression was performed (p 0.05). Results: The prevalence of STH was 19.4% (Ascaris lumbricoides: 16% and Trichuris trichiura: 8%). Risk factors were: consumption of contaminated water (AOR = 1.93 [1.03 - 3.6];p = 0.040), early contact of the child with the ground (before age of 4 months) (AOR = 4.9 [2.1 - 11.37];p .001), habit of walking barefoot (AOR = 2.91 [1.1 - 7.97];p = 0.038), and living in a habitat with unpaved ground (AOR = 7.4 [1.55 - 35.7];p = 0.012). Conclusion: The prevalence of STHs in infants was high. Preventive chemotherapy should be extended to this age-group, and other measures intensified.
文摘Objective: to observe the practical effect of predictive nursing in the 1-3 year-old childrens immunization nursing. Methods: a total of 114 children aged 1-3 years were enrolled in the study and divided into group ①: Control group and group ②: Observation group. Routine nursing and predictive nursing were administered respectively. Results: the data in Table 1-5 all indicate that the data obtained from the nursing methods in the observation group are more satisfactory (P < 0.05). Conclusion: predictive nursing is helpful to improve the coordination degree and comfort level of immunization for children aged 1-3 years old, reduce the incidence of stress reaction, and improve the cognitive level and satisfaction of family members.
