At the turn of the 21st century,specifically from 10 to 12 October 2000,the first Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)was held in Beijing,following prior consultations.More than 80 mi...At the turn of the 21st century,specifically from 10 to 12 October 2000,the first Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)was held in Beijing,following prior consultations.More than 80 ministers from China and 44 African countries attended.In a joint declaration issued at the end of the conference,both sides expressed strong appreciation for the stable development of Sino-African relations over the past decades,full confidence in future cooperation,and a shared belief that a solid foundation exists for friendly relations and collaboration,rooted in their long-standing traditional friendship.展开更多
The fourth China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo was held in Changsha,Hunan province on June 12-15.Themed“China and Africa:Together Toward Modernization”,the expo was designed to further facilitate the China-Africa t...The fourth China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo was held in Changsha,Hunan province on June 12-15.Themed“China and Africa:Together Toward Modernization”,the expo was designed to further facilitate the China-Africa ties in the field of trade and economy.展开更多
Mythology of the San Bushmen of Southern Africa By MATHIAS GUENTHER Oxford University Press The San Bushmen,among the oldest continuous cultures on Earth,are indigenous peoples recognised as the First Nations of South...Mythology of the San Bushmen of Southern Africa By MATHIAS GUENTHER Oxford University Press The San Bushmen,among the oldest continuous cultures on Earth,are indigenous peoples recognised as the First Nations of Southern Africa.Rich in storytelling traditions,San culture preserves a vast body of myth and lore.In the book.展开更多
At the 2024 Beijing Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)held in September last year,Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that the overall characterisation of China-Africa relations be elevated to an all-weather C...At the 2024 Beijing Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)held in September last year,Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that the overall characterisation of China-Africa relations be elevated to an all-weather China-Africa community with a shared future for the new era.“This declaration affirms,whether faced with pandemic or geopolitical shifts,Africa and China will still remain each other’s most trustworthy true partners,”said Inkosi Mzamo Buthelezi,South Africa’s minister of public service and administration.展开更多
The central Chinese province emerges as a key player in China-African trade and investment cooperation The fourth China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo(CAETE)was a prime opportunity for Citygreen Sports,a Chinese suppl...The central Chinese province emerges as a key player in China-African trade and investment cooperation The fourth China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo(CAETE)was a prime opportunity for Citygreen Sports,a Chinese supplier of synthetic turf,to boost its visibility.“Africa is one of our main markets.The expo allows us to showcase our products to African customers and engage directly with government representatives to discuss potential projects,”Wu Huan,regional director for international affairs at the group,told ChinAfrica.Based in Shishou,Hubei Province,the company notably supplied the synthetic turf for Ethiopia’s national stadium,the country’s only FIFA-certified field.展开更多
Launched by the African Union(AU),the Agenda 2063 is a 50-year blueprint for Africa’s inclusive and sustainable socio-economic development.In terms of timeline,the plan is divided into five 10-Year Implementation Plans.
There has been growing attention to transnational and trans-regional infrastructure cooperation in Africa in recent years.Given that development on the continent has long been plagued by poor infrastructure,trans-regi...There has been growing attention to transnational and trans-regional infrastructure cooperation in Africa in recent years.Given that development on the continent has long been plagued by poor infrastructure,trans-regional cooperation is viewed as both a driving force and a catalyst for African integration.To promote African integration and the construction of the African Continental Free Trade Area(AfCFTA),the African Union(AU)has expedited the implementation of the second ten-year plan under its Agenda 2063,which includes advancing the Second Priority Action Plan(PAP II)under the Program for Infrastructure Development in Africa(PIDA).To consolidate and enhance strategic interests and influence in Africa,Western countries represented by the European Union and the United States have proposed new infrastructure investment plans for Africa,including initiatives such as the Global Gateway and the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment(PGII).These efforts focus on increasing strategic investments in development and strategically important corridors like the Lobito Corridor,intending to strengthen competition with China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI).展开更多
It’s that time of the year again when we find ourselves reflecting on the year that was and the year ahead.On the African continent,many countries are still recovering from the aftershocks of the COVID-19 pandemic an...It’s that time of the year again when we find ourselves reflecting on the year that was and the year ahead.On the African continent,many countries are still recovering from the aftershocks of the COVID-19 pandemic and are doing so amid a fraught geopolitical environment.These tensions have,to some extent,created hurdles in the path of Africa’s recovery.The African Development Bank has attributed the economic slowdown on the continent toastronomical inflation caused by soaring food andenergy prices. These issues have been aggravatedby the current geopolitical chaos and climatechange. Nevertheless, the continent is projectedto grow at a steady rate of 4.3 percent in 2025.This means that Africa will retain its positionas the fastest-growing region after Asia. This isdriven by several positive factors.展开更多
At the invitation of the Economic,Social and Cultural Council(ECOSOCC)of the African Union,Li Jun,Vice-President of China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)and former Vice-Minister of the International Depa...At the invitation of the Economic,Social and Cultural Council(ECOSOCC)of the African Union,Li Jun,Vice-President of China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)and former Vice-Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee,led a six-member delegation to Zambia from May 7th to 9th to attend the Africa-China People-to-People Dialogue.The event brought together over 150 participants,including Han Jing,Chinese Ambassador to Zambia and representatives from all walks of life in China and Africa.展开更多
The equivalent source(ES)method in the spherical coordinate system has been widely applied to processing,reduction,field modeling,and geophysical and geological interpretation of satellite magnetic anomaly data.Howeve...The equivalent source(ES)method in the spherical coordinate system has been widely applied to processing,reduction,field modeling,and geophysical and geological interpretation of satellite magnetic anomaly data.However,the inversion for the ES model suffers from nonuniqueness and instability,which remain unresolved.To mitigate these issues,we introduce both the minimum and flattest models into the model objective function as an alternative regularization approach in the spherical ES method.We first present the methods,then analyze the accuracy of forward calculation and test the proposed ES method in this study by using synthetic data.The experimental results from simulation data indicate that our proposed regularization effectively suppresses the Backus effect and mitigates inversion instability in the low-latitude region.Finally,we apply the proposed method to magnetic anomaly data from China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite-1(CSES-1)and Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1)magnetic measurements over Africa by constructing an ES model of the large-scale lithospheric magnetic field.Compared with existing global lithospheric magnetic field models,our ES model demonstrates good consistency at high altitudes and predicts more stable fields at low altitudes.Furthermore,we derive the reduction to the pole(RTP)magnetic anomaly fields and the apparent susceptibility contrast distribution based on the ES model.The latter correlates well with the regional tectonic framework in Africa and surroundings.展开更多
BACKGROUND Emergency medical care is essential in preventing morbidity and mortality,especially when interventions are time-sensitive and require immediate access to supplies and trained personnel.AIM To assess the tr...BACKGROUND Emergency medical care is essential in preventing morbidity and mortality,especially when interventions are time-sensitive and require immediate access to supplies and trained personnel.AIM To assess the treatment rates of eye emergencies in Africa.Ocular emergencies are particularly delicate due to the eye’s intricate structure and the necessity for its refractive components to remain transparent.METHODS This review examines the low treatment rates of eye emergencies in Africa,drawing on 96 records extracted from the PubMed database using predetermined search criteria.RESULTS The epidemiology of ocular injuries,as detailed in the studies,reveals significant relationships between the incidence and prevalence of eye injuries and factors such as age,gender,and occupation.The causes of eye emergencies range from accidents to gender-based violence and insect or animal attacks.Management approaches reported in the review include both surgical and non-surgical interventions,from medication to evisceration or enucleation of the eye.Preventive measures emphasize eye health education and the use of protective eyewear and facial protection.However,inadequate healthcare infrastructure and personnel,cultural and geographical barriers,and socioeconomic and behavioral factors hinder the effective prevention,service uptake,and management of eye emergencies.CONCLUSION The authors recommend developing eye health policies,enhancing community engagement,improving healthcare personnel training and retention,and increasing funding for eye care programs as solutions to address the low treatment rate of eye emergencies in Africa.展开更多
Cooperation with China a catalyst for Africa’s agriculture.Agricultural cooperat ion between China and Africa holds transformative potential for poverty alleviation and rural development.China and Africa were at a si...Cooperation with China a catalyst for Africa’s agriculture.Agricultural cooperat ion between China and Africa holds transformative potential for poverty alleviation and rural development.China and Africa were at a similar development stage in the mid-20th century.However,China’s success in lifting itself out of extreme poverty offers critical lessons for Africa,where agriculture remains the cornerstone of economic development.展开更多
Africa’s Threatened Rhinos.Decimated by relentless poaching for their highly coveted horns,subjected to large-scale slaughter by“sports”hunters throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries,and squeezed by the stead...Africa’s Threatened Rhinos.Decimated by relentless poaching for their highly coveted horns,subjected to large-scale slaughter by“sports”hunters throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries,and squeezed by the steady loss of their natural habitats,both black and white rhinos have been pushed perilously close to extinction.展开更多
Objectives This study aimed to determine the current prevalence of nurse retention in Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA),evaluate the strategies and interventions in SSA countries used to retain their nurses,and identify the key...Objectives This study aimed to determine the current prevalence of nurse retention in Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA),evaluate the strategies and interventions in SSA countries used to retain their nurses,and identify the key challenges impeding nurse retention.Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted.An electronic search was performed in August 2024 across multiple databases,including PubMed,Ovid Medline,Embase,CINAHL,Scopus,and grey literature sources.The studies were screened using Covidence,and quality assessments were conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.Results A total of 31 articles were included in the review.Meta-analysis revealed that the pooled nurses’retention rate in SSA was 53%(95%CI:38%–67%;I2=97%),while the pooled intention to stay(ITS)rate at work was 57%(95%CI:43%–71%;I2=99%).Subgroup analysis by region showed that the ITS rate was highest in East Africa(65%),followed by West Africa(63%),and lowest in Southern Africa(35%).Effective retention strategies included financial and non-financial incentives,increased production and training of nurses,steering students to shortage specialties,adequate rural housing,facility level improvements,availability of career and professional progression opportunities,nurses’recognition and involvement,employment terms,transparency and predictable management of human resources,supportive work environments,leadership,religious factors,and stakeholders’collaborations.Key challenges to nurses’retention include inadequate healthcare funding,governance issues,poor remuneration and working conditions,political interference,high unemployment rates,ineffective mobility management,unregulated international migration,and active recruitment by wealthier nations.Conclusions Nurse retention in SSA remains critically low.Interventions should be formulated for the above-mentioned effective improvement strategies to address these systemic challenges in order to retain nurses in SSA.展开更多
As an emerging industry catering to diverse needs across commercial,industrial,civil,and military fields,the low-altitude economy has the potential to transform industries such as logistics,transportation,tourism,heal...As an emerging industry catering to diverse needs across commercial,industrial,civil,and military fields,the low-altitude economy has the potential to transform industries such as logistics,transportation,tourism,health care,agriculture,and infrastructure.展开更多
The world in 2024 was far from peaceful.The conflict between Russia and Ukraine has persisted for over 1,000 days.Meanwhile,a new wave of violence in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict,ongoing for more than a year,spill...The world in 2024 was far from peaceful.The conflict between Russia and Ukraine has persisted for over 1,000 days.Meanwhile,a new wave of violence in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict,ongoing for more than a year,spilled over into Lebanon,Iran,and even Syria.Africa also faced new challenges to peace and security over the past year.Armed conflicts continued in various regions,particularly in the Horn of Africa,while terrorism and external interference exacerbated regional instability.These challenges made peace and security a crucial focus for African nations and an increasingly important aspect of China-Africa cooperation.展开更多
Objectives Few studies have investigated longitudinal associations of loneliness with health outcomes in Africa.This study aimed to assess the longitudinal associations between loneliness and mental and physical healt...Objectives Few studies have investigated longitudinal associations of loneliness with health outcomes in Africa.This study aimed to assess the longitudinal associations between loneliness and mental and physical health among aging adults in South Africa.Methods Data from the 7-year longitudinal Health and Ageing in Africa(HAALSI)study conducted in South Africa were used in the analysis(analytic sample:n=3707,aged 40 years and older).Loneliness was measured with one question.Longitudinal relationships between loneliness and each health outcome were estimated using Generalized Estimating Equations analysis(GEE),hazard ratios(HRs)(95%CI)were used to determine the relationship between loneliness and 7-year mortality in the entire sample,and correlations between incident health outcomes and loneliness were evaluated using logistic regressions.Results The prevalence of loneliness was 12.1%in 2015,16.9%in 2019,and 16.3%in 2022.Multivariable analysis showed that loneliness was positively associated with the prevalence and/or incidence of four poor mental health indicators(e.g.,poor sleep quality,AOR=1.53,95%CI:1.30–1.80),four physical ill-health indicators(e.g.,incident kidney disease,AOR=2.50,95%CI:1.41–4.42),mortality(Hazard Ratio=1.20,95%CI=1.04–1.39),and three poor behavioral health indicators(e.g.,current tobacco use,AOR=1.21,95%CI=1.04–1.42).Conclusion The study discovered that several outcomes related to mental,physical,and behavioral health were associated with loneliness.Enhancing the detection and management of loneliness could lower mental and physical illness in aging adults in South Africa.展开更多
The Late Cretaceous global transgression is one of the best documented episodes of continental submergence events.The extent of transgression of the Neotethys Ocean into the African continent is generally thought to b...The Late Cretaceous global transgression is one of the best documented episodes of continental submergence events.The extent of transgression of the Neotethys Ocean into the African continent is generally thought to be limited to north Africa.Here,we describe transgression traces in the Muglad Basin in central Africa that indicate a greater spatial extend of the Neotethys during the late Cretaceous.A series of molecular markers detected in the Upper Cretaceous Santonian-Maastrichtian sediments of the Muglad Basin are typical for marine depositional conditions and differ from those in the typical lacustrine sediments of the Lower Cretaceous Barremian-Aptian.Combining the geological-geochemical implications of these markers with the paleogeographic,paleontological and lithological records,we propose that the Muglad Basin received intermittent marine inundations during the Santonian-Maastrichtian stages(86.3-66.0 Ma)and these special molecular markers are therefore the products of seawater incursion.Consequently,this study proposes that the transgression extent of the Neotethys Ocean into the African continent southern extended to the central Africa during the Late Cretaceous.展开更多
Since 2000,China's investment in Africa has grown rapidly,following a steady upward trajectory.However,this influx of Chinese capital has sparked both economic and political controversies.By integrating multi-sour...Since 2000,China's investment in Africa has grown rapidly,following a steady upward trajectory.However,this influx of Chinese capital has sparked both economic and political controversies.By integrating multi-source data—from micro-level individual projects to national statistics—this study examines the impact of Chinese investment on African economic development between 2000 and 2022.The results reveal a significant positive correlation between Chinese investment and economic growth across different scales,with investment-intensive regions achieving stronger economic outcomes.The DID analysis indicates that the Belt and Road Initiative has contributed positively to Africa's economic development.Both static and dynamic panel models confirm that Chinese investment significantly stimulates growth,exhibiting notable lag effects.Furthermore,β-convergence models demonstrate that Chinese investment fosters economic convergence among African countries.Regarding regional inequality,the findings suggest that Chinese investment helps to narrow disparities across Africa,promoting a more balanced economic landscape.Overall,this research underscores the constructive role of China's investment in fostering economic growth and reducing inequality within the African context.展开更多
Humming factories,bustling ports,and shuttling merchants highlight the vibrancy of China-Africa economic and trade cooperation.Over the years,this partnership has grown significantly,optimising trade structures and fo...Humming factories,bustling ports,and shuttling merchants highlight the vibrancy of China-Africa economic and trade cooperation.Over the years,this partnership has grown significantly,optimising trade structures and fostering mutual development.This deepening collaboration is evident in China’s role as Africa’s largest bilateral trading partner for 15 consecutive years.During the first seven months of 2024,trade between China and African countries reached$167 billion,reflecting a 5.5-percent increase compared to the same period in 2023.According to the International Monetary Fund,approximately 20 percent of Africa’s exports now go to China,while 16 percent of its imports originate there.展开更多
文摘At the turn of the 21st century,specifically from 10 to 12 October 2000,the first Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)was held in Beijing,following prior consultations.More than 80 ministers from China and 44 African countries attended.In a joint declaration issued at the end of the conference,both sides expressed strong appreciation for the stable development of Sino-African relations over the past decades,full confidence in future cooperation,and a shared belief that a solid foundation exists for friendly relations and collaboration,rooted in their long-standing traditional friendship.
文摘The fourth China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo was held in Changsha,Hunan province on June 12-15.Themed“China and Africa:Together Toward Modernization”,the expo was designed to further facilitate the China-Africa ties in the field of trade and economy.
文摘Mythology of the San Bushmen of Southern Africa By MATHIAS GUENTHER Oxford University Press The San Bushmen,among the oldest continuous cultures on Earth,are indigenous peoples recognised as the First Nations of Southern Africa.Rich in storytelling traditions,San culture preserves a vast body of myth and lore.In the book.
文摘At the 2024 Beijing Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)held in September last year,Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that the overall characterisation of China-Africa relations be elevated to an all-weather China-Africa community with a shared future for the new era.“This declaration affirms,whether faced with pandemic or geopolitical shifts,Africa and China will still remain each other’s most trustworthy true partners,”said Inkosi Mzamo Buthelezi,South Africa’s minister of public service and administration.
文摘The central Chinese province emerges as a key player in China-African trade and investment cooperation The fourth China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo(CAETE)was a prime opportunity for Citygreen Sports,a Chinese supplier of synthetic turf,to boost its visibility.“Africa is one of our main markets.The expo allows us to showcase our products to African customers and engage directly with government representatives to discuss potential projects,”Wu Huan,regional director for international affairs at the group,told ChinAfrica.Based in Shishou,Hubei Province,the company notably supplied the synthetic turf for Ethiopia’s national stadium,the country’s only FIFA-certified field.
文摘Launched by the African Union(AU),the Agenda 2063 is a 50-year blueprint for Africa’s inclusive and sustainable socio-economic development.In terms of timeline,the plan is divided into five 10-Year Implementation Plans.
文摘There has been growing attention to transnational and trans-regional infrastructure cooperation in Africa in recent years.Given that development on the continent has long been plagued by poor infrastructure,trans-regional cooperation is viewed as both a driving force and a catalyst for African integration.To promote African integration and the construction of the African Continental Free Trade Area(AfCFTA),the African Union(AU)has expedited the implementation of the second ten-year plan under its Agenda 2063,which includes advancing the Second Priority Action Plan(PAP II)under the Program for Infrastructure Development in Africa(PIDA).To consolidate and enhance strategic interests and influence in Africa,Western countries represented by the European Union and the United States have proposed new infrastructure investment plans for Africa,including initiatives such as the Global Gateway and the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment(PGII).These efforts focus on increasing strategic investments in development and strategically important corridors like the Lobito Corridor,intending to strengthen competition with China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI).
文摘It’s that time of the year again when we find ourselves reflecting on the year that was and the year ahead.On the African continent,many countries are still recovering from the aftershocks of the COVID-19 pandemic and are doing so amid a fraught geopolitical environment.These tensions have,to some extent,created hurdles in the path of Africa’s recovery.The African Development Bank has attributed the economic slowdown on the continent toastronomical inflation caused by soaring food andenergy prices. These issues have been aggravatedby the current geopolitical chaos and climatechange. Nevertheless, the continent is projectedto grow at a steady rate of 4.3 percent in 2025.This means that Africa will retain its positionas the fastest-growing region after Asia. This isdriven by several positive factors.
文摘At the invitation of the Economic,Social and Cultural Council(ECOSOCC)of the African Union,Li Jun,Vice-President of China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)and former Vice-Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee,led a six-member delegation to Zambia from May 7th to 9th to attend the Africa-China People-to-People Dialogue.The event brought together over 150 participants,including Han Jing,Chinese Ambassador to Zambia and representatives from all walks of life in China and Africa.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42250103 and 42174090)the Opening Fund of Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education(Grant No.GLAB2023ZR02)the MOST Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources(Grant No.MSFGPMR2022-4).
文摘The equivalent source(ES)method in the spherical coordinate system has been widely applied to processing,reduction,field modeling,and geophysical and geological interpretation of satellite magnetic anomaly data.However,the inversion for the ES model suffers from nonuniqueness and instability,which remain unresolved.To mitigate these issues,we introduce both the minimum and flattest models into the model objective function as an alternative regularization approach in the spherical ES method.We first present the methods,then analyze the accuracy of forward calculation and test the proposed ES method in this study by using synthetic data.The experimental results from simulation data indicate that our proposed regularization effectively suppresses the Backus effect and mitigates inversion instability in the low-latitude region.Finally,we apply the proposed method to magnetic anomaly data from China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite-1(CSES-1)and Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1)magnetic measurements over Africa by constructing an ES model of the large-scale lithospheric magnetic field.Compared with existing global lithospheric magnetic field models,our ES model demonstrates good consistency at high altitudes and predicts more stable fields at low altitudes.Furthermore,we derive the reduction to the pole(RTP)magnetic anomaly fields and the apparent susceptibility contrast distribution based on the ES model.The latter correlates well with the regional tectonic framework in Africa and surroundings.
文摘BACKGROUND Emergency medical care is essential in preventing morbidity and mortality,especially when interventions are time-sensitive and require immediate access to supplies and trained personnel.AIM To assess the treatment rates of eye emergencies in Africa.Ocular emergencies are particularly delicate due to the eye’s intricate structure and the necessity for its refractive components to remain transparent.METHODS This review examines the low treatment rates of eye emergencies in Africa,drawing on 96 records extracted from the PubMed database using predetermined search criteria.RESULTS The epidemiology of ocular injuries,as detailed in the studies,reveals significant relationships between the incidence and prevalence of eye injuries and factors such as age,gender,and occupation.The causes of eye emergencies range from accidents to gender-based violence and insect or animal attacks.Management approaches reported in the review include both surgical and non-surgical interventions,from medication to evisceration or enucleation of the eye.Preventive measures emphasize eye health education and the use of protective eyewear and facial protection.However,inadequate healthcare infrastructure and personnel,cultural and geographical barriers,and socioeconomic and behavioral factors hinder the effective prevention,service uptake,and management of eye emergencies.CONCLUSION The authors recommend developing eye health policies,enhancing community engagement,improving healthcare personnel training and retention,and increasing funding for eye care programs as solutions to address the low treatment rate of eye emergencies in Africa.
文摘Cooperation with China a catalyst for Africa’s agriculture.Agricultural cooperat ion between China and Africa holds transformative potential for poverty alleviation and rural development.China and Africa were at a similar development stage in the mid-20th century.However,China’s success in lifting itself out of extreme poverty offers critical lessons for Africa,where agriculture remains the cornerstone of economic development.
文摘Africa’s Threatened Rhinos.Decimated by relentless poaching for their highly coveted horns,subjected to large-scale slaughter by“sports”hunters throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries,and squeezed by the steady loss of their natural habitats,both black and white rhinos have been pushed perilously close to extinction.
文摘Objectives This study aimed to determine the current prevalence of nurse retention in Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA),evaluate the strategies and interventions in SSA countries used to retain their nurses,and identify the key challenges impeding nurse retention.Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted.An electronic search was performed in August 2024 across multiple databases,including PubMed,Ovid Medline,Embase,CINAHL,Scopus,and grey literature sources.The studies were screened using Covidence,and quality assessments were conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.Results A total of 31 articles were included in the review.Meta-analysis revealed that the pooled nurses’retention rate in SSA was 53%(95%CI:38%–67%;I2=97%),while the pooled intention to stay(ITS)rate at work was 57%(95%CI:43%–71%;I2=99%).Subgroup analysis by region showed that the ITS rate was highest in East Africa(65%),followed by West Africa(63%),and lowest in Southern Africa(35%).Effective retention strategies included financial and non-financial incentives,increased production and training of nurses,steering students to shortage specialties,adequate rural housing,facility level improvements,availability of career and professional progression opportunities,nurses’recognition and involvement,employment terms,transparency and predictable management of human resources,supportive work environments,leadership,religious factors,and stakeholders’collaborations.Key challenges to nurses’retention include inadequate healthcare funding,governance issues,poor remuneration and working conditions,political interference,high unemployment rates,ineffective mobility management,unregulated international migration,and active recruitment by wealthier nations.Conclusions Nurse retention in SSA remains critically low.Interventions should be formulated for the above-mentioned effective improvement strategies to address these systemic challenges in order to retain nurses in SSA.
文摘As an emerging industry catering to diverse needs across commercial,industrial,civil,and military fields,the low-altitude economy has the potential to transform industries such as logistics,transportation,tourism,health care,agriculture,and infrastructure.
文摘The world in 2024 was far from peaceful.The conflict between Russia and Ukraine has persisted for over 1,000 days.Meanwhile,a new wave of violence in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict,ongoing for more than a year,spilled over into Lebanon,Iran,and even Syria.Africa also faced new challenges to peace and security over the past year.Armed conflicts continued in various regions,particularly in the Horn of Africa,while terrorism and external interference exacerbated regional instability.These challenges made peace and security a crucial focus for African nations and an increasingly important aspect of China-Africa cooperation.
基金HAALSI(Health and Aging in Africa:A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa)is sponsored by the National Institute on Aging(grant number 5P01AG041710-05)and is conducted by the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies in Partnership with Witwatersrand UniversityThe Agincourt HDSS was supported by the Wellcome Trust,UK(058893/Z/99/A,069683/Z/02/Z,085477/Z/08/Z and085477/B/08/Z),the University of the Witwatersrand and South African Medical Research Council.
文摘Objectives Few studies have investigated longitudinal associations of loneliness with health outcomes in Africa.This study aimed to assess the longitudinal associations between loneliness and mental and physical health among aging adults in South Africa.Methods Data from the 7-year longitudinal Health and Ageing in Africa(HAALSI)study conducted in South Africa were used in the analysis(analytic sample:n=3707,aged 40 years and older).Loneliness was measured with one question.Longitudinal relationships between loneliness and each health outcome were estimated using Generalized Estimating Equations analysis(GEE),hazard ratios(HRs)(95%CI)were used to determine the relationship between loneliness and 7-year mortality in the entire sample,and correlations between incident health outcomes and loneliness were evaluated using logistic regressions.Results The prevalence of loneliness was 12.1%in 2015,16.9%in 2019,and 16.3%in 2022.Multivariable analysis showed that loneliness was positively associated with the prevalence and/or incidence of four poor mental health indicators(e.g.,poor sleep quality,AOR=1.53,95%CI:1.30–1.80),four physical ill-health indicators(e.g.,incident kidney disease,AOR=2.50,95%CI:1.41–4.42),mortality(Hazard Ratio=1.20,95%CI=1.04–1.39),and three poor behavioral health indicators(e.g.,current tobacco use,AOR=1.21,95%CI=1.04–1.42).Conclusion The study discovered that several outcomes related to mental,physical,and behavioral health were associated with loneliness.Enhancing the detection and management of loneliness could lower mental and physical illness in aging adults in South Africa.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42202134)Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(No.2462023YJRC010)the postdoctoral fellowship by the Central Research and Development Fund of the University of Bremen.The authors would like to thank the editor and the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions which significantly improved the quality of the manuscript.
文摘The Late Cretaceous global transgression is one of the best documented episodes of continental submergence events.The extent of transgression of the Neotethys Ocean into the African continent is generally thought to be limited to north Africa.Here,we describe transgression traces in the Muglad Basin in central Africa that indicate a greater spatial extend of the Neotethys during the late Cretaceous.A series of molecular markers detected in the Upper Cretaceous Santonian-Maastrichtian sediments of the Muglad Basin are typical for marine depositional conditions and differ from those in the typical lacustrine sediments of the Lower Cretaceous Barremian-Aptian.Combining the geological-geochemical implications of these markers with the paleogeographic,paleontological and lithological records,we propose that the Muglad Basin received intermittent marine inundations during the Santonian-Maastrichtian stages(86.3-66.0 Ma)and these special molecular markers are therefore the products of seawater incursion.Consequently,this study proposes that the transgression extent of the Neotethys Ocean into the African continent southern extended to the central Africa during the Late Cretaceous.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42101424,No.42001115。
文摘Since 2000,China's investment in Africa has grown rapidly,following a steady upward trajectory.However,this influx of Chinese capital has sparked both economic and political controversies.By integrating multi-source data—from micro-level individual projects to national statistics—this study examines the impact of Chinese investment on African economic development between 2000 and 2022.The results reveal a significant positive correlation between Chinese investment and economic growth across different scales,with investment-intensive regions achieving stronger economic outcomes.The DID analysis indicates that the Belt and Road Initiative has contributed positively to Africa's economic development.Both static and dynamic panel models confirm that Chinese investment significantly stimulates growth,exhibiting notable lag effects.Furthermore,β-convergence models demonstrate that Chinese investment fosters economic convergence among African countries.Regarding regional inequality,the findings suggest that Chinese investment helps to narrow disparities across Africa,promoting a more balanced economic landscape.Overall,this research underscores the constructive role of China's investment in fostering economic growth and reducing inequality within the African context.
文摘Humming factories,bustling ports,and shuttling merchants highlight the vibrancy of China-Africa economic and trade cooperation.Over the years,this partnership has grown significantly,optimising trade structures and fostering mutual development.This deepening collaboration is evident in China’s role as Africa’s largest bilateral trading partner for 15 consecutive years.During the first seven months of 2024,trade between China and African countries reached$167 billion,reflecting a 5.5-percent increase compared to the same period in 2023.According to the International Monetary Fund,approximately 20 percent of Africa’s exports now go to China,while 16 percent of its imports originate there.
