In this paper, we study the static dielectric function and interaction potential in strong coupling limit with AdS/CFT correspondence. The dielectric function is depressed compared with that in weak coupling. The inte...In this paper, we study the static dielectric function and interaction potential in strong coupling limit with AdS/CFT correspondence. The dielectric function is depressed compared with that in weak coupling. The interaction potential then presents a weaker screening characteristics in strong coupling, which indicates a smaller Debye mass compared with weak coupling.展开更多
We give a brief introduction to the AdS/CFT correspondence and its application to QCD physics,especiallyits application in the study of quark-gluon-plasma (QGP)formed in the relativistic heavy ion collision (RHIC).Thi...We give a brief introduction to the AdS/CFT correspondence and its application to QCD physics,especiallyits application in the study of quark-gluon-plasma (QGP)formed in the relativistic heavy ion collision (RHIC).Thisreview is based on the talks given in several schools and programs for the phenomenologists working on nuclear physicsand particle physics.展开更多
We discuss, giving all necessary details, the boundary-bulk propagators. We do it for a scalar field, with and without mass, for both the Feynman and the Wheeler cases. Contrary to standard procedure, we do not need h...We discuss, giving all necessary details, the boundary-bulk propagators. We do it for a scalar field, with and without mass, for both the Feynman and the Wheeler cases. Contrary to standard procedure, we do not need here to appeal to any unfounded conjecture (as done by other authors). Emphasize that we do not try to modify standard ADS/CFT procedures, but use them to evaluate the corresponding Feynman and Wheeler propagators. Our present calculations are original in the sense of being the first ones undertaken explicitly using distributions theory (DT). They are carried out in two instances: 1) when the boundary is a Euclidean space and 2) when it is of Minkowskian nature. In this last case we compute also three propagators: Feynman’s, Anti-Feynman’s, and Wheeler’s (half advanced plus half retarded). For an operator corresponding to a scalar field we explicitly obtain, for the first time ever, the two points’ correlations functions in the three instances above mentioned. To repeat, it is not our intention here to improve on ADS/CFT theory but only to employ it for evaluating the corresponding Wheeler’s propagators.展开更多
Hua's theory of harmonic functions on classical domains is generalized to the theory on holomorphic vector bundles over classical domains and further on vector bundles over the real classical domains and quaternio...Hua's theory of harmonic functions on classical domains is generalized to the theory on holomorphic vector bundles over classical domains and further on vector bundles over the real classical domains and quaternion classical domains. In case of the simplest quaternion classical domain there is a relation between Hua operator and Dirac operator,by which an AdS/CFT correspondence of Dirac fields is established.展开更多
We apply an AdS/CFT-inspired color-dipole model which contains only three free parameters to describe the HERA data for the inclusive structure function F 2 at small Bjorken-x and virtuality.We found that the saturati...We apply an AdS/CFT-inspired color-dipole model which contains only three free parameters to describe the HERA data for the inclusive structure function F 2 at small Bjorken-x and virtuality.We found that the saturation scale in our AdS/CFT-based parameterization varies in the range of 1 ÷ 3 GeV becoming independent of energy/Bjorken-x at very small x.This leads to the prediction of x-independence of the structure functions at very small x.With the fitted parameters in our model,the predictions for F 2,longitudinal structure function,charm structure function and total photo-production cross-sections in the kinematic regions of future experiments can be given.展开更多
By means of the UGD function extracted from an AdS/CFT inspired saturation model, the charm and bottom structure functions are studied in fixed-order perturbation theory. It is shown that the theoretical results are i...By means of the UGD function extracted from an AdS/CFT inspired saturation model, the charm and bottom structure functions are studied in fixed-order perturbation theory. It is shown that the theoretical results are in good agreement with the recent HERA data. Then, this UGD function is also used to investigate net-kaon rapidity distribution in Au＋Au collisions at RHIC energies and the theoretical results fit well to the BRAHMS data. In the end of this paper, we give the predicted results for nuclear charm structure function at very small x where the popular shadowing parameterizations are invalid.展开更多
We construct a holographic p-wave superconductor model in the background of quintessence AdS black hole with an SU（2） Yang-Mills gauge field and then probe the effects of quintessence on the holographic p-wave super...We construct a holographic p-wave superconductor model in the background of quintessence AdS black hole with an SU（2） Yang-Mills gauge field and then probe the effects of quintessence on the holographic p-wave superconduc- tor. We investigate the relation between the critical temperature and the state parameter of quintessence, and present the numerical results for electric conductivity. It is shown that the condensation of the vector field becomes harder as the absolute value of the state parameter increases. Unlike the scalar condensate in the s-wave model, the condensation of the vector field in p-wave model can occur in the total value range of the state parameter wq of quintessence. These results could help us know more about holographic superconductor and dark energy.展开更多
This paper consists of two parts. In part I, we interpret the hidden symmetry of the moduli space of lib superstring on AdS5× S^5 in terms of the chiral embedding in AdS5, which turns out to be the CP^3 conformal...This paper consists of two parts. In part I, we interpret the hidden symmetry of the moduli space of lib superstring on AdS5× S^5 in terms of the chiral embedding in AdS5, which turns out to be the CP^3 conformal affine Toda model. We review how the position μ of poles in the Riemann-Hilbert formulation of dressing transformation and the value of loop parameter μ in the vertex operator of affine algebra determine the moduli space of the soliton solutions, which describes the moduli space of the Green-Schwarz superstring. We show also how this affine SU（4） symmetry affinizes the conformal symmetry in the twistor space, and how a soliton string corresponds to a Robinson congruence with twist and dilation spin coefficients μ of twistor. In part Ⅱ by extending the dressing symmetric a.ction of lib string in AdS5×S^5 to the D3 brane, we find a gauged WZW aztion of Higgs Yang-Mills field including the 2-cocycle of axially anomaly. The left and right twistor structures of left and right a-planes glue into an ambitwistor. The symmetry group of Nahm equations is centrally extended to an affine group, thus we explain why the spectral curve is given by affine Toda.展开更多
We discuss the information paradox and its implications for regular black holes.Our primary focus is on Page curve using the island treatment and analyzing relevant parameters like Page time and scrambling time.Calcul...We discuss the information paradox and its implications for regular black holes.Our primary focus is on Page curve using the island treatment and analyzing relevant parameters like Page time and scrambling time.Calculations without considering the island show that the entanglement entropy increases linearly and continues to infinity.When we consider the generalized entropy,we find that the island extends just beyond the horizon,leading to a constant entanglement entropy.Specifically,we find that in the early stages,the island never forms,regardless of the charge and mass configuration of the black hole.展开更多
Using the AdS/CFT correspondence and wave optics techniques,we conduct an extensive study of the imaging properties of holographic Einstein rings in the context of anti-de Sitter(AdS)black holes(BHs)in Horndeski theor...Using the AdS/CFT correspondence and wave optics techniques,we conduct an extensive study of the imaging properties of holographic Einstein rings in the context of anti-de Sitter(AdS)black holes(BHs)in Horndeski theory.Our results indicate that the optical characteristics of these holographic Einstein rings are significantly influenced by the observer's position,physical parameters of the BH,nature of the wave source,and configuration of the optical system.Specifically,when the observer is positioned at the north pole of the AdS boundary,the holographic image prominently displays a ring structure aligning with the BH's photon sphere.We thoroughly analyze the effect of various physical parameters—including the observation position,event horizon radius,temperature,and the parameterγin Horndeski theory—on the holographic Einstein rings.These parameters play a crucial role in determining the rings'radius and brightness,with variations potentially causing the ring structures to deform or even transform into bright spots.Furthermore,our comparative analysis between wave and geometric optics reveals a strong agreement in predicting the positions and brightness of both the photon and Einstein rings.This paper offers new insights into the spacetime geometry of BHs in Horndeski theory and proposes a promising framework for exploring the gravitational duals of strongly coupled systems.展开更多
In this work,the wave optics is employed to investigate the Einstein ring of a deformed AdS-Schwarzschild black hole(BH).When the source is fixed on the AdS boundary,one can obtain the corresponding response function ...In this work,the wave optics is employed to investigate the Einstein ring of a deformed AdS-Schwarzschild black hole(BH).When the source is fixed on the AdS boundary,one can obtain the corresponding response function generated on the antipodal side of the boundary.By utilizing a virtual optical system equipped with a convex lens,we are able to capture an image of the BH’s holographic Einstein ring on the screen.The influence of the relevant physical parameters and the observer’s position on the characteristics of the Einstein ring is also investigated,revealing that variations in the observer’s position result in a transition of the displayed image from an axisymmetric ring to an arc,ultimately converging into a solitary point of luminosity.In addition,variations in the relevant physical parameters naturally exert influences on the Einstein ring.The photon ring of the BH was also investigated from a geometric optics perspective,and the numerical results indicate that the incident angle of the photon ring aligns with that of the Einstein ring.In the context of modified gravity theories,the investigation of Einstein rings formed by deformed AdS-Schwarzschild BH is expected to not only contribute to advancing the development of gravitational theories but also facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of spacetime geometry and the physical properties of BHs,thereby distinguishing them from Schwarzschild BH.展开更多
We investigate the holographic complexity in backreacted gravity backgrounds according to the complexity-action conjecture. The backreaction considered here originates from the presence of static strings evenly distri...We investigate the holographic complexity in backreacted gravity backgrounds according to the complexity-action conjecture. The backreaction considered here originates from the presence of static strings evenly distributed over the system. We exploit a probe string in the bulk and evaluate the Nambu-Goto action and its dependence on backreaction. The results suggest that, for slower strings, the complexity increases with increasing backreaction, in accordance with the findings of holographic entanglement entropy. However, for faster strings, the situation is different. Furthermore, we analyze the relationship between complexity and space dimension as well as string velocity.展开更多
A traversable wormhole generally violates the averaged null energy condition, typically requiring exotic matter. Recently, it was discovered that a traversable wormhole can be realized with non-exotic matter in Einste...A traversable wormhole generally violates the averaged null energy condition, typically requiring exotic matter. Recently, it was discovered that a traversable wormhole can be realized with non-exotic matter in EinsteinDirac-Maxwell theories in flat space. This study extends the discussion to AdS spacetime and finds traversable wormholes with spherical and planar topologies. Furthermore, based on the AdS/CFT correspondence, we compute the entanglement entropy of strips and disks on the two AdS boundaries of the wormhole. We find that the entanglement entropy undergoes a phase transition as the subsystem size increases.展开更多
In this study,we investigated worldvolume fermions on the flavor brane in the D0-D4/D8 model,which is holographically equivalent to four-dimensional quantum chromodynamics with instantons or equivalently with a theta ...In this study,we investigated worldvolume fermions on the flavor brane in the D0-D4/D8 model,which is holographically equivalent to four-dimensional quantum chromodynamics with instantons or equivalently with a theta angle.The action involving the worldvolume fermions was obtained by the T-duality rules in string theory,and we accordingly derived their effective five-dimensional and canonical four-dimensional forms by using the systematic dimensional reduction and decomposition of the spinor.Subsequently,we used the AdS/CFT dictionary to evaluate the two-point correlation function as the spectral function for the worldvolume fermions and interpreted the fermions as baryons by analyzing their quantum number with the baryon vertex in holography.In this sense,the interacted action involving the worldvolume fermions and gauge field on the flavor brane was finally derived in holography,which describes the various interactions of mesons and baryons with instantons in the large-N limit.Therefore,this study provides a holographic picture to describe baryons and their interactions based on string theory,particularly in the presence of instantons or a theta angle.展开更多
In this study,we extend the surface growth approach for bulk reconstruction into the Ad S spacetime with a boundary in the Ad S/BCFT correspondence.We show that the geometry in the entanglement wedge with a boundary c...In this study,we extend the surface growth approach for bulk reconstruction into the Ad S spacetime with a boundary in the Ad S/BCFT correspondence.We show that the geometry in the entanglement wedge with a boundary can be constructed from the direct growth of bulk extremal surfaces layer by layer.Furthermore,we observe that the surface growth configuration in BCFT can be connected with the defect multi scale entanglement renormalization ansatz(MERA)tensor network.Additionally,we investigate the entanglement of purification within the surface growth process,which not only reveals more refined structure of entanglement entropy in the entanglement wedge but also suggests a selection rule for surface growth in the bulk reconstruction.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.10947002
文摘In this paper, we study the static dielectric function and interaction potential in strong coupling limit with AdS/CFT correspondence. The dielectric function is depressed compared with that in weak coupling. The interaction potential then presents a weaker screening characteristics in strong coupling, which indicates a smaller Debye mass compared with weak coupling.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10775002 and 10975005
文摘We give a brief introduction to the AdS/CFT correspondence and its application to QCD physics,especiallyits application in the study of quark-gluon-plasma (QGP)formed in the relativistic heavy ion collision (RHIC).Thisreview is based on the talks given in several schools and programs for the phenomenologists working on nuclear physicsand particle physics.
文摘We discuss, giving all necessary details, the boundary-bulk propagators. We do it for a scalar field, with and without mass, for both the Feynman and the Wheeler cases. Contrary to standard procedure, we do not need here to appeal to any unfounded conjecture (as done by other authors). Emphasize that we do not try to modify standard ADS/CFT procedures, but use them to evaluate the corresponding Feynman and Wheeler propagators. Our present calculations are original in the sense of being the first ones undertaken explicitly using distributions theory (DT). They are carried out in two instances: 1) when the boundary is a Euclidean space and 2) when it is of Minkowskian nature. In this last case we compute also three propagators: Feynman’s, Anti-Feynman’s, and Wheeler’s (half advanced plus half retarded). For an operator corresponding to a scalar field we explicitly obtain, for the first time ever, the two points’ correlations functions in the three instances above mentioned. To repeat, it is not our intention here to improve on ADS/CFT theory but only to employ it for evaluating the corresponding Wheeler’s propagators.
基金This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2031050/A010109).
文摘Hua's theory of harmonic functions on classical domains is generalized to the theory on holomorphic vector bundles over classical domains and further on vector bundles over the real classical domains and quaternion classical domains. In case of the simplest quaternion classical domain there is a relation between Hua operator and Dirac operator,by which an AdS/CFT correspondence of Dirac fields is established.
基金Supported by PBCT Project (ACT/028 'Center of Atomic Physics')FONDECYT (Chile) Project (11090085)
文摘We apply an AdS/CFT-inspired color-dipole model which contains only three free parameters to describe the HERA data for the inclusive structure function F 2 at small Bjorken-x and virtuality.We found that the saturation scale in our AdS/CFT-based parameterization varies in the range of 1 ÷ 3 GeV becoming independent of energy/Bjorken-x at very small x.This leads to the prediction of x-independence of the structure functions at very small x.With the fitted parameters in our model,the predictions for F 2,longitudinal structure function,charm structure function and total photo-production cross-sections in the kinematic regions of future experiments can be given.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(A2012210043)
文摘By means of the UGD function extracted from an AdS/CFT inspired saturation model, the charm and bottom structure functions are studied in fixed-order perturbation theory. It is shown that the theoretical results are in good agreement with the recent HERA data. Then, this UGD function is also used to investigate net-kaon rapidity distribution in Au＋Au collisions at RHIC energies and the theoretical results fit well to the BRAHMS data. In the end of this paper, we give the predicted results for nuclear charm structure function at very small x where the popular shadowing parameterizations are invalid.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11275065,the NCET under Grant No.10-0165,the PCSIRT under Grant No.IRT0964the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11JJ7001the Construct Program of Key Disciplines in Hunan Province
文摘We construct a holographic p-wave superconductor model in the background of quintessence AdS black hole with an SU（2） Yang-Mills gauge field and then probe the effects of quintessence on the holographic p-wave superconduc- tor. We investigate the relation between the critical temperature and the state parameter of quintessence, and present the numerical results for electric conductivity. It is shown that the condensation of the vector field becomes harder as the absolute value of the state parameter increases. Unlike the scalar condensate in the s-wave model, the condensation of the vector field in p-wave model can occur in the total value range of the state parameter wq of quintessence. These results could help us know more about holographic superconductor and dark energy.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 90403019
文摘This paper consists of two parts. In part I, we interpret the hidden symmetry of the moduli space of lib superstring on AdS5× S^5 in terms of the chiral embedding in AdS5, which turns out to be the CP^3 conformal affine Toda model. We review how the position μ of poles in the Riemann-Hilbert formulation of dressing transformation and the value of loop parameter μ in the vertex operator of affine algebra determine the moduli space of the soliton solutions, which describes the moduli space of the Green-Schwarz superstring. We show also how this affine SU（4） symmetry affinizes the conformal symmetry in the twistor space, and how a soliton string corresponds to a Robinson congruence with twist and dilation spin coefficients μ of twistor. In part Ⅱ by extending the dressing symmetric a.ction of lib string in AdS5×S^5 to the D3 brane, we find a gauged WZW aztion of Higgs Yang-Mills field including the 2-cocycle of axially anomaly. The left and right twistor structures of left and right a-planes glue into an ambitwistor. The symmetry group of Nahm equations is centrally extended to an affine group, thus we explain why the spectral curve is given by affine Toda.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12275166 and 12311540141)。
文摘We discuss the information paradox and its implications for regular black holes.Our primary focus is on Page curve using the island treatment and analyzing relevant parameters like Page time and scrambling time.Calculations without considering the island show that the entanglement entropy increases linearly and continues to infinity.When we consider the generalized entropy,we find that the island extends just beyond the horizon,leading to a constant entanglement entropy.Specifically,we find that in the early stages,the island never forms,regardless of the charge and mass configuration of the black hole.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0103)。
文摘Using the AdS/CFT correspondence and wave optics techniques,we conduct an extensive study of the imaging properties of holographic Einstein rings in the context of anti-de Sitter(AdS)black holes(BHs)in Horndeski theory.Our results indicate that the optical characteristics of these holographic Einstein rings are significantly influenced by the observer's position,physical parameters of the BH,nature of the wave source,and configuration of the optical system.Specifically,when the observer is positioned at the north pole of the AdS boundary,the holographic image prominently displays a ring structure aligning with the BH's photon sphere.We thoroughly analyze the effect of various physical parameters—including the observation position,event horizon radius,temperature,and the parameterγin Horndeski theory—on the holographic Einstein rings.These parameters play a crucial role in determining the rings'radius and brightness,with variations potentially causing the ring structures to deform or even transform into bright spots.Furthermore,our comparative analysis between wave and geometric optics reveals a strong agreement in predicting the positions and brightness of both the photon and Einstein rings.This paper offers new insights into the spacetime geometry of BHs in Horndeski theory and proposes a promising framework for exploring the gravitational duals of strongly coupled systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11675140,11705005,and 12375043)the Innovation and Development Joint Foundation of Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.CSTB2022NSCQLZX0021)the Basic Research Project of Science and Technology Committee of Chongqing(Grant No.CSTB2023NSCQMSX0324).
文摘In this work,the wave optics is employed to investigate the Einstein ring of a deformed AdS-Schwarzschild black hole(BH).When the source is fixed on the AdS boundary,one can obtain the corresponding response function generated on the antipodal side of the boundary.By utilizing a virtual optical system equipped with a convex lens,we are able to capture an image of the BH’s holographic Einstein ring on the screen.The influence of the relevant physical parameters and the observer’s position on the characteristics of the Einstein ring is also investigated,revealing that variations in the observer’s position result in a transition of the displayed image from an axisymmetric ring to an arc,ultimately converging into a solitary point of luminosity.In addition,variations in the relevant physical parameters naturally exert influences on the Einstein ring.The photon ring of the BH was also investigated from a geometric optics perspective,and the numerical results indicate that the incident angle of the photon ring aligns with that of the Einstein ring.In the context of modified gravity theories,the investigation of Einstein rings formed by deformed AdS-Schwarzschild BH is expected to not only contribute to advancing the development of gravitational theories but also facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of spacetime geometry and the physical properties of BHs,thereby distinguishing them from Schwarzschild BH.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12375140)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)。
文摘We investigate the holographic complexity in backreacted gravity backgrounds according to the complexity-action conjecture. The backreaction considered here originates from the presence of static strings evenly distributed over the system. We exploit a probe string in the bulk and evaluate the Nambu-Goto action and its dependence on backreaction. The results suggest that, for slower strings, the complexity increases with increasing backreaction, in accordance with the findings of holographic entanglement entropy. However, for faster strings, the situation is different. Furthermore, we analyze the relationship between complexity and space dimension as well as string velocity.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12275366)。
文摘A traversable wormhole generally violates the averaged null energy condition, typically requiring exotic matter. Recently, it was discovered that a traversable wormhole can be realized with non-exotic matter in EinsteinDirac-Maxwell theories in flat space. This study extends the discussion to AdS spacetime and finds traversable wormholes with spherical and planar topologies. Furthermore, based on the AdS/CFT correspondence, we compute the entanglement entropy of strips and disks on the two AdS boundaries of the wormhole. We find that the entanglement entropy undergoes a phase transition as the subsystem size increases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12005033)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.3132024192)。
文摘In this study,we investigated worldvolume fermions on the flavor brane in the D0-D4/D8 model,which is holographically equivalent to four-dimensional quantum chromodynamics with instantons or equivalently with a theta angle.The action involving the worldvolume fermions was obtained by the T-duality rules in string theory,and we accordingly derived their effective five-dimensional and canonical four-dimensional forms by using the systematic dimensional reduction and decomposition of the spinor.Subsequently,we used the AdS/CFT dictionary to evaluate the two-point correlation function as the spectral function for the worldvolume fermions and interpreted the fermions as baryons by analyzing their quantum number with the baryon vertex in holography.In this sense,the interacted action involving the worldvolume fermions and gauge field on the flavor brane was finally derived in holography,which describes the various interactions of mesons and baryons with instantons in the large-N limit.Therefore,this study provides a holographic picture to describe baryons and their interactions based on string theory,particularly in the presence of instantons or a theta angle.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11675272)。
文摘In this study,we extend the surface growth approach for bulk reconstruction into the Ad S spacetime with a boundary in the Ad S/BCFT correspondence.We show that the geometry in the entanglement wedge with a boundary can be constructed from the direct growth of bulk extremal surfaces layer by layer.Furthermore,we observe that the surface growth configuration in BCFT can be connected with the defect multi scale entanglement renormalization ansatz(MERA)tensor network.Additionally,we investigate the entanglement of purification within the surface growth process,which not only reveals more refined structure of entanglement entropy in the entanglement wedge but also suggests a selection rule for surface growth in the bulk reconstruction.
