The theme of Raphael’s Disputàdel Sacramento(Disputation of the Holy Sacrament)has perplexed scholars over the years.Though the subject of theology has been mentioned,no one has shown in depth how the painting r...The theme of Raphael’s Disputàdel Sacramento(Disputation of the Holy Sacrament)has perplexed scholars over the years.Though the subject of theology has been mentioned,no one has shown in depth how the painting reflects theology or how the figures work together to present a unified theme on theology.Questions remain concerning the broader theological meaning of the Disputà.This study will reexamine the material and offer a deeper interpretation based on early Christian iconography and a study of figures from early Church history.From an early Christian point of view,it will be shown how the presence of specific figures in the Disputàexplain the Eucharistic tradition through apostolic succession since the time of the early Church.展开更多
In order to deepen our rational understanding of Chinese characters,it is necessary to reexamine the value of it today.The reason why Chinese characters can keep vital is that it fits the unique thinking mode and aest...In order to deepen our rational understanding of Chinese characters,it is necessary to reexamine the value of it today.The reason why Chinese characters can keep vital is that it fits the unique thinking mode and aesthetic standards of the Han People.In the meantime,it intervenes in Chinese ontology by improving the resolution ratio of information trans,and objectively performs the function of the fourth element of language.展开更多
The incorporation of various metals into the zeolite framework creates opportunities for novel applications,especially in catalysis.The recently developed assembly-disassembly-organisation-reassembly(ADOR)strategy was...The incorporation of various metals into the zeolite framework creates opportunities for novel applications,especially in catalysis.The recently developed assembly-disassembly-organisation-reassembly(ADOR)strategy was used to prepare zeolites with IPC-2(OKO)topology.The layered zeolite precursor(IPC-1P)was modified by incorporating various metals(Al,Zn,Sn,Zr,V,Fe,Hf,and Ti)using a stabilisation process.The resulting materials were characterised by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),Ar adsorption,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM),inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy(ICP-OES),and diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy(DR-UV-Vis).展开更多
Extra-large pore zeolites clear the way for the synthesis of fine chemicals and bulky compounds unable to enter the channels of medium-and large-pore zeolites.However,such extra-large pore zeolites rarely contain cata...Extra-large pore zeolites clear the way for the synthesis of fine chemicals and bulky compounds unable to enter the channels of medium-and large-pore zeolites.However,such extra-large pore zeolites rarely contain catalytically active elements and often show limited stability.In this study,we modified the Reverse assembly–disassembly–organisation–reassembly(ADOR)process to prepare extra-large pore zeolite UTL from layered IPC-1P while simultaneously incorporating a high amount of aluminium(reaching Si/Al=15)into the framework.Using this modified Reverse ADOR approach,we significantly reduced the synthesis time of alumino-germanosilicate UTL from the 28 days needed for direct synthesis to only 24 hours for reconstruction and 14 days in total.Furthermore,in the tetrahydropyranylation of 1-decanol over the reconstructed UTL zeolite,directly synthesised UTL and commercial Beta zeolite,used as a reference,reconstructed UTL provided conversion up to 61.4%,outperforming directly synthesised UTL and Beta with 14.8 and 0%conversion,respectively.The modified Reverse ADOR procedure enables us to introduce mesoporosity into zeolites,which further improves their catalytic performance by facilitating active site accessibility.展开更多
The assembly–disassembly–organisation–reassembly (ADOR) approach extends the synthesis of new zeolites. Understanding the disassembly and organisation mechanism is important to optimise the post-treatment process o...The assembly–disassembly–organisation–reassembly (ADOR) approach extends the synthesis of new zeolites. Understanding the disassembly and organisation mechanism is important to optimise the post-treatment process on germanosilicate zeolites. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique was applied to study the mechanism of these two steps in HCl vapour,which it is often unfeasible to capture using conventional ex situ characterisation. Three germanosilicate zeolites with different pore systems,i.e. UTL,UOV and IWR,were selected as models to compare the reaction behaviours. Three key steps,including fast hydrolysis of d4r units (ca. 1 min),further disassembly (ca. 3–5 min),and self-organisation after disassembly (ca. 2–3 min),were observed in the HCl acid vapour. An unusual lattice expansion of the intralayer was observed at the very beginning of the hydrolysis process in IWR,while the UTL and UOV showed continuous shrinkage. Owing to the diffusion differences related to the structural features,extra-large-pore UTL zeolite showed faster kinetics than the other two large-pore zeolites,although UTL zeolite has much larger crystals. These findings potentially guide further modification of the treatment parameters in the ADOR process to prepare new zeolites.展开更多
Valentine's Day is a day for lovers,and for non-lovers to wish never existed.In Chinese,the holiday translates to情人节(Qíngrén Jié),and not as you might guess,爱人节(àirén Jié),sinc...Valentine's Day is a day for lovers,and for non-lovers to wish never existed.In Chinese,the holiday translates to情人节(Qíngrén Jié),and not as you might guess,爱人节(àirén Jié),since爱人is exclusively used to refer to spouses.However,the character爱encompasses a world far larger than mere adoration and romance.展开更多
The more character I see in animals,the more I adore them.By“character”I mean the quirks that make them unique,such as the dead-eyed stare my dog Dickie leveled at me when her bedtime came around.If I wasn't wil...The more character I see in animals,the more I adore them.By“character”I mean the quirks that make them unique,such as the dead-eyed stare my dog Dickie leveled at me when her bedtime came around.If I wasn't willing to immediately jump up and turn off all the lights and devices at 9 pm sharp,she would glare at me.展开更多
1 Scientists at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute(MBARI)have discovered a previously unknown kind of snailfish living over 3.27 kilometers below the surface of the Pacific Ocean.But if you were imagining a ...1 Scientists at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute(MBARI)have discovered a previously unknown kind of snailfish living over 3.27 kilometers below the surface of the Pacific Ocean.But if you were imagining a large,scary creature—you'd be wrong.One researcher described the fish as“adorable”.展开更多
Tiny Pasture(CaveLiquid,February 18)Tired of staring at your computer screen at work all day? Tiny Pasture,an idle farming simulator that runs discreetly at the bottom of your screen,adds a touch of fun to your deskto...Tiny Pasture(CaveLiquid,February 18)Tired of staring at your computer screen at work all day? Tiny Pasture,an idle farming simulator that runs discreetly at the bottom of your screen,adds a touch of fun to your desktop.Developed by a young married couple with a pet bunny,the game lets players raise adorable small animals,from bunnies to red pandas,with minimal effort-just occasional feeding and cleaning.Currently,it boasts a 93 percent positive rating and has sold more than 100,000 copies on Steam.展开更多
文摘The theme of Raphael’s Disputàdel Sacramento(Disputation of the Holy Sacrament)has perplexed scholars over the years.Though the subject of theology has been mentioned,no one has shown in depth how the painting reflects theology or how the figures work together to present a unified theme on theology.Questions remain concerning the broader theological meaning of the Disputà.This study will reexamine the material and offer a deeper interpretation based on early Christian iconography and a study of figures from early Church history.From an early Christian point of view,it will be shown how the presence of specific figures in the Disputàexplain the Eucharistic tradition through apostolic succession since the time of the early Church.
文摘In order to deepen our rational understanding of Chinese characters,it is necessary to reexamine the value of it today.The reason why Chinese characters can keep vital is that it fits the unique thinking mode and aesthetic standards of the Han People.In the meantime,it intervenes in Chinese ontology by improving the resolution ratio of information trans,and objectively performs the function of the fourth element of language.
基金the Czech Science Foundation for the project P106/12/G015 and together with M.M.and F.B.also OP VVV“Excellent Research Teams”,project no.CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000417–CUCAM.
文摘The incorporation of various metals into the zeolite framework creates opportunities for novel applications,especially in catalysis.The recently developed assembly-disassembly-organisation-reassembly(ADOR)strategy was used to prepare zeolites with IPC-2(OKO)topology.The layered zeolite precursor(IPC-1P)was modified by incorporating various metals(Al,Zn,Sn,Zr,V,Fe,Hf,and Ti)using a stabilisation process.The resulting materials were characterised by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),Ar adsorption,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM),inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy(ICP-OES),and diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy(DR-UV-Vis).
基金the Czech Science Foundation for funding this research through project EXPRO(19-27551X)OP VVV“Excellent Research Teams”,project no.CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000417-CUCAM.OV acknowledges the support from the project“Grant Schemes at CU”(reg.no.CZ.02.2.69/0.0/0.0/19_073/0016935)the Czech Science Foundation for the project 19-21534S.
文摘Extra-large pore zeolites clear the way for the synthesis of fine chemicals and bulky compounds unable to enter the channels of medium-and large-pore zeolites.However,such extra-large pore zeolites rarely contain catalytically active elements and often show limited stability.In this study,we modified the Reverse assembly–disassembly–organisation–reassembly(ADOR)process to prepare extra-large pore zeolite UTL from layered IPC-1P while simultaneously incorporating a high amount of aluminium(reaching Si/Al=15)into the framework.Using this modified Reverse ADOR approach,we significantly reduced the synthesis time of alumino-germanosilicate UTL from the 28 days needed for direct synthesis to only 24 hours for reconstruction and 14 days in total.Furthermore,in the tetrahydropyranylation of 1-decanol over the reconstructed UTL zeolite,directly synthesised UTL and commercial Beta zeolite,used as a reference,reconstructed UTL provided conversion up to 61.4%,outperforming directly synthesised UTL and Beta with 14.8 and 0%conversion,respectively.The modified Reverse ADOR procedure enables us to introduce mesoporosity into zeolites,which further improves their catalytic performance by facilitating active site accessibility.
基金support from the BL14B station of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility is sincerely acknowledged.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.12175235)supported by Charles University.M.O.acknowledges the Czech Science Foundation for supporting this work through project 20-12099S.
文摘The assembly–disassembly–organisation–reassembly (ADOR) approach extends the synthesis of new zeolites. Understanding the disassembly and organisation mechanism is important to optimise the post-treatment process on germanosilicate zeolites. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique was applied to study the mechanism of these two steps in HCl vapour,which it is often unfeasible to capture using conventional ex situ characterisation. Three germanosilicate zeolites with different pore systems,i.e. UTL,UOV and IWR,were selected as models to compare the reaction behaviours. Three key steps,including fast hydrolysis of d4r units (ca. 1 min),further disassembly (ca. 3–5 min),and self-organisation after disassembly (ca. 2–3 min),were observed in the HCl acid vapour. An unusual lattice expansion of the intralayer was observed at the very beginning of the hydrolysis process in IWR,while the UTL and UOV showed continuous shrinkage. Owing to the diffusion differences related to the structural features,extra-large-pore UTL zeolite showed faster kinetics than the other two large-pore zeolites,although UTL zeolite has much larger crystals. These findings potentially guide further modification of the treatment parameters in the ADOR process to prepare new zeolites.
文摘Valentine's Day is a day for lovers,and for non-lovers to wish never existed.In Chinese,the holiday translates to情人节(Qíngrén Jié),and not as you might guess,爱人节(àirén Jié),since爱人is exclusively used to refer to spouses.However,the character爱encompasses a world far larger than mere adoration and romance.
文摘The more character I see in animals,the more I adore them.By“character”I mean the quirks that make them unique,such as the dead-eyed stare my dog Dickie leveled at me when her bedtime came around.If I wasn't willing to immediately jump up and turn off all the lights and devices at 9 pm sharp,she would glare at me.
文摘1 Scientists at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute(MBARI)have discovered a previously unknown kind of snailfish living over 3.27 kilometers below the surface of the Pacific Ocean.But if you were imagining a large,scary creature—you'd be wrong.One researcher described the fish as“adorable”.
文摘Tiny Pasture(CaveLiquid,February 18)Tired of staring at your computer screen at work all day? Tiny Pasture,an idle farming simulator that runs discreetly at the bottom of your screen,adds a touch of fun to your desktop.Developed by a young married couple with a pet bunny,the game lets players raise adorable small animals,from bunnies to red pandas,with minimal effort-just occasional feeding and cleaning.Currently,it boasts a 93 percent positive rating and has sold more than 100,000 copies on Steam.
